Aluminum alloy component eccentric compression full-scale test device and method under four-side fire condition

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-scale test device and method for eccentric compression of an aluminum alloy component under the condition of four-side fire, and the test device comprises a reaction frame and a fire-resistant test furnace arranged in the reaction frame, and further comprises an eccentric adjustment device, a loading system and a monitoring system, the aluminum alloy component is arranged on the counter-force frame through the eccentric adjusting device and is placed at the top of the fire resistance test furnace; the loading system is mounted on the reaction frame and is axially distributed along the aluminum alloy component; the monitoring system is installed on the aluminum alloy component. According to the invention, the eccentric adjusting device is used for adjusting the loading position, the fire-resistant test furnace is used for simulating the high-temperature environment, and the deformation and failure behaviors of the component are accurately measured through load and temperature synchronous control, so that a powerful experimental basis is provided for the fireproof design of the aluminum alloy structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of high temperature stress testing of aluminum alloy components, and more particularly to a full-scale testing device and method for eccentrically compressed aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy components are widely used in building lattice shell structures, but their high-temperature performance is unstable and they are prone to failure in fire. Traditional test equipment and methods cannot effectively simulate the mechanical behavior and failure mode under eccentric compression.

[0003] Therefore, it is an urgent problem for technical personnel in this field to provide a full-scale test device and method for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a full-scale test device and method for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions, so as to realize eccentric loading of aluminum alloy components under high temperature conditions and provide accurate data support.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A full-scale test device for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions, comprising a reaction frame and a fire resistance test furnace arranged inside the reaction frame, and also comprising an eccentric adjustment device, a loading system and a monitoring system. The aluminum alloy component is installed on the reaction frame through the eccentric adjustment device and placed on the top of the fire resistance test furnace; the loading system is installed on the reaction frame and distributed along the axial direction of the aluminum alloy component; the monitoring system is installed on the aluminum alloy component.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0008] The loading position is adjusted by an eccentric adjustment device, and a fire-resistant test furnace is used to simulate a high-temperature environment. The deformation and failure behavior of the components are accurately measured by synchronously controlling the load and temperature.

[0009] Furthermore, the eccentric adjustment device includes a fixed plate, an eccentric adjustment plate and a connecting end, the fixed plate has a plurality of longitudinal sliding holes arranged in a matrix; the fixed plate has a plurality of fixing holes for being bolted to the reaction frame; the eccentric adjustment plate has a plurality of docking holes corresponding to the positions of the longitudinal sliding holes; each of the docking holes is bolted to the corresponding longitudinal sliding hole; the connecting end is welded to the eccentric adjustment plate; the aluminum alloy component is seamlessly connected to the connecting end through a plurality of cover plates and a plurality of bolt assemblies.

[0010] Furthermore, the connecting end head is in an I-shape, the top plate of the connecting end head corresponds to the upper flange position of the aluminum alloy component so as to be connected together through a first cover plate and multiple bolt assemblies, the bottom plate of the connecting end head corresponds to the lower flange position of the aluminum alloy component so as to be connected together through a second cover plate and multiple bolt assemblies, and the main board of the connecting end head corresponds to the web position of the aluminum alloy component so as to be connected together through a third cover plate and multiple bolt assemblies.

[0011] Furthermore, the loading system includes a hydraulic jack and a pressure sensor. The hydraulic jack is installed on the reaction frame by bolts and is distributed axially along the aluminum alloy component; the pressure sensor is installed on the hydraulic jack.

[0012] Furthermore, the monitoring system includes a plurality of displacement meters and a plurality of thermocouples, and the plurality of displacement meters and the plurality of thermocouples are all installed on the aluminum alloy component.

[0013] Furthermore, the fire resistance test furnace includes a furnace body, multiple gas-fired nozzles and a temperature control system, the furnace body is arranged in the reaction frame; the aluminum alloy component is placed on the top of the furnace body; the multiple gas-fired nozzles are installed inside the furnace body and aligned with the four sides of the aluminum alloy component.

[0014] Furthermore, the reaction frame is located above the fire resistance test furnace and is installed with thermal insulation cotton so that the aluminum alloy component is located between the fire resistance test furnace and the thermal insulation cotton.

[0015] A full-scale test method for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions is performed using the full-scale test device for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0016] 1) Specimen installation: Fix the aluminum alloy component on the reaction frame and use the eccentric adjustment device to achieve loading with different eccentricities;

[0017] 2) Preloading: The hydraulic jack is loaded step by step to 20% of the predetermined load, and the equipment and measuring point channels are checked to ensure that the system is completely unloaded after normal operation;

[0018] 3) Constant load loading: According to the test load calculated by the stress ratio, the hydraulic jack is loaded step by step to the target load to ensure that the load remains constant throughout the test;

[0019] 4) Temperature rise test: In the fire resistance test furnace, the four sides of the aluminum alloy component are heated by the gas nozzle, and the temperature curve is increased by 10°C per minute, and the temperature is kept constant after reaching 600°C;

[0020] 5) Data monitoring: Displacement meters and thermocouples are arranged at multiple locations of aluminum alloy components to record axial deformation and temperature data in real time;

[0021] 6) Test termination: When the axial compression deformation of the aluminum alloy component reaches 0.01H, or the deformation rate reaches 3H / 1000, the test is terminated and the data is recorded.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 4), the temperature control is performed using a staged linear temperature increase curve, with a temperature increase of 10° C. per minute in the first 30 minutes and then a temperature increase of 2° C. per minute.

[0023] Furthermore, a plurality of the displacement meters and the thermocouples are arranged in the middle of the aluminum alloy component and 1 m away from the middle.

[0024] It can be seen that the present invention provides a full-scale test device and method for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1) The eccentric adjustment plate can slide along the longitudinal sliding hole and be fastened by bolts and nuts after the position adjustment is completed, so as to adjust the eccentricity of the aluminum alloy component and load different eccentricities, thus ensuring the flexibility and accuracy of the test;

[0026] 2) Heating in stages ensures that components are heated evenly, providing more reliable data support for fire resistance testing;

[0027] 3) All-round data collection: The monitoring system covers the key positions of displacement and temperature, realizing a comprehensive analysis of the mechanical behavior of the component;

[0028] 4) Realistic simulation of eccentric compression and four-sided fire environment: provides a scientific basis for engineering design and helps optimize the fire-resistant design of aluminum alloy structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 The accompanying drawing is a structural schematic diagram of a full-scale test device for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of the eccentricity adjustment device provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing plate provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of the eccentric adjustment plate and the connecting end provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a full-scale test device for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions, including a reaction frame 1 and a fire-resistant test furnace 2 arranged inside the reaction frame 1, and also including an eccentric adjustment device 3, a loading system and a monitoring system. The aluminum alloy component 4 is installed on the reaction frame 1 through the eccentric adjustment device 3 and placed on the top of the fire-resistant test furnace 2; the loading system is installed on the reaction frame 1 and distributed along the axial direction of the aluminum alloy component 4; the monitoring system is installed on the aluminum alloy component 4. The present invention uses the eccentric adjustment device 3 to adjust the loading position, and uses the fire-resistant test furnace 2 to simulate a high temperature environment. Through the synchronous control of load and temperature, the deformation and failure behavior of the component are accurately measured, which provides a strong experimental basis for the fire protection design of the aluminum alloy structure.

[0036] Specifically, the eccentric adjustment device 3 includes a fixed plate 31, an eccentric adjustment plate 32 and a connecting end 33. The fixed plate 31 has a plurality of longitudinal sliding holes 311 arranged in a matrix shape; the fixed plate 31 has a plurality of fixing holes 312 for bolting to the reaction frame 1; the eccentric adjustment plate 32 has a plurality of docking holes 321 corresponding to the positions of the longitudinal sliding holes 311; each docking hole 321 is bolted to the corresponding longitudinal sliding hole 311; the connecting end 33 is welded on the eccentric adjustment plate 32; the aluminum alloy component 4 is seamlessly connected to the connecting end 33 through a plurality of cover plates 34 and a plurality of bolt assemblies 35, and the eccentric adjustment plate 32 can slide along the longitudinal sliding hole 311 and be tightened by bolts and nuts after the position adjustment is completed, thereby realizing the adjustment of the eccentricity of the aluminum alloy component 4, realizing loading with different eccentricities, and ensuring the flexibility and accuracy of the test.

[0037] Specifically, the connecting end head 33 is in an I-shape, the top plate of the connecting end head 33 corresponds to the upper flange position of the aluminum alloy component 4 so as to be connected together through a first cover plate and multiple bolt assemblies 35, the bottom plate of the connecting end head 33 corresponds to the lower flange position of the aluminum alloy component 4 so as to be connected together through a second cover plate and multiple bolt assemblies 35, and the main board of the connecting end head 33 corresponds to the web position of the aluminum alloy component 4 so as to be connected together through a third cover plate and multiple bolt assemblies 35.

[0038] Specifically, the loading system includes a hydraulic jack 5 and a pressure sensor. The hydraulic jack 5 is installed on the reaction frame 1 by bolts and is distributed axially along the aluminum alloy component 4 for applying an axial load. The pressure sensor is installed on the hydraulic jack 5 .

[0039] Specifically, the monitoring system includes a plurality of displacement meters and a plurality of thermocouples, which are all installed on the aluminum alloy component 4 and are used to record displacement and temperature data during the test.

[0040] Specifically, the fire resistance test furnace 2 includes a furnace body 21, a plurality of gas-fired nozzles 22 and a temperature control system. The furnace body 21 is arranged in the reaction frame 1; the aluminum alloy component 4 is placed on the top of the furnace body 21; the plurality of gas-fired nozzles 22 are all installed inside the furnace body 21 and are aimed at the four sides of the aluminum alloy component 4; the temperature control system realizes the control of the heating curve.

[0041] Specifically, the reaction frame 1 is located above the fire-resistant test furnace 2 and is installed with thermal insulation cotton 6 so that the aluminum alloy component 4 is located between the fire-resistant test furnace 2 and the thermal insulation cotton 6 .

[0042] The embodiment of the present invention further discloses a full-scale test method for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions, which is performed using the above-mentioned full-scale test device for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions, and includes the following steps:

[0043] 1) Specimen installation: The aluminum alloy component 4 is fixed on the reaction frame 1, and the eccentricity adjustment device 3 is used to achieve loading with different eccentricities;

[0044] 2) Preloading: The hydraulic jack 5 is loaded step by step to 20% of the predetermined load, and the equipment and measuring point channels are checked to ensure that the system is completely unloaded after normal operation;

[0045] 3) Constant load loading: According to the test load calculated by the stress ratio, the hydraulic jack 5 is loaded step by step to the target load to ensure that the load remains constant throughout the test process;

[0046] 4) Temperature rise test: In the fire resistance test furnace 2, the four sides of the aluminum alloy component 4 are heated by the gas nozzle 22, and the temperature curve is 10°C per minute, and the temperature is kept constant after reaching 600°C;

[0047] 5) Data monitoring: Displacement meters and thermocouples are arranged at multiple locations of the aluminum alloy component to record axial deformation and temperature data in real time;

[0048] 6) Test termination: When the axial compression deformation of the aluminum alloy component 4 reaches 0.01H, or the deformation rate reaches 3H / 1000, the test is terminated and the data is recorded.

[0049] Specifically, in step 4), the temperature is controlled by a phased linear temperature rise curve, with a temperature rise of 10°C per minute in the first 30 minutes and then a temperature rise of 2°C per minute to ensure uniform heating.

[0050] Specifically, a plurality of displacement meters and thermocouples are arranged in the middle of the aluminum alloy component 4 and 1 m away from the middle for accurately monitoring the temperature distribution during the fire process.

[0051] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0052] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A full-scale test device for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions, comprising a reaction frame and a fire resistance test furnace arranged inside the reaction frame, characterized in that: It also includes an eccentric adjustment device, a loading system and a monitoring system. The aluminum alloy component is installed on the reaction frame through the eccentric adjustment device and placed on the top of the fire resistance test furnace; the loading system is installed on the reaction frame and distributed along the axial direction of the aluminum alloy component; the monitoring system is installed on the aluminum alloy component.

2. The full-scale test device for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The eccentric adjustment device includes a fixed plate, an eccentric adjustment plate and a connecting end. The fixed plate has a plurality of longitudinal sliding holes arranged in a matrix shape; the fixed plate has a plurality of fixing holes for being bolted to the reaction frame; the eccentric adjustment plate has a plurality of docking holes corresponding to the positions of the longitudinal sliding holes; each of the docking holes is bolted to the corresponding longitudinal sliding hole; the connecting end is welded to the eccentric adjustment plate; the aluminum alloy component is seamlessly connected to the connecting end through a plurality of cover plates and a plurality of bolt assemblies.

3. The full-scale test device for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The connecting end head is in an I-shape, the top plate of the connecting end head corresponds to the upper flange position of the aluminum alloy component so as to be connected together through a first cover plate and a plurality of bolt assemblies, the bottom plate of the connecting end head corresponds to the lower flange position of the aluminum alloy component so as to be connected together through a second cover plate and a plurality of bolt assemblies, and the main plate of the connecting end head corresponds to the web position of the aluminum alloy component so as to be connected together through a third cover plate and a plurality of bolt assemblies.

4. The full-scale test device for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The loading system includes a hydraulic jack and a pressure sensor. The hydraulic jack is installed on the reaction frame through bolts and is distributed along the axial direction of the aluminum alloy component; the pressure sensor is installed on the hydraulic jack.

5. The full-scale test device for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The monitoring system comprises a plurality of displacement meters and a plurality of thermocouples, and the plurality of displacement meters and the plurality of thermocouples are all installed on the aluminum alloy component.

6. The full-scale test device for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fire-resistant test furnace comprises a furnace body, a plurality of gas-fired nozzles and a temperature control system. The furnace body is arranged in the reaction frame; an aluminum alloy component is placed on the top of the furnace body; and the plurality of gas-fired nozzles are installed inside the furnace body and are aligned with four sides of the aluminum alloy component.

7. A full-scale test device for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The reaction frame is located above the fire-resistant test furnace and is installed with thermal insulation cotton, so that the aluminum alloy component is located between the fire-resistant test furnace and the thermal insulation cotton.

8. A full-scale test method for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions, using a full-scale test device for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Specimen installation: Fix the aluminum alloy component on the reaction frame and use the eccentric adjustment device to achieve loading with different eccentricities; 2) Preloading: The hydraulic jack is loaded step by step to 20% of the predetermined load, and the equipment and measuring point channels are checked to ensure that the system is completely unloaded after normal operation; 3) Constant load loading: According to the test load calculated by the stress ratio, the hydraulic jack is loaded step by step to the target load to ensure that the load remains constant throughout the test; 4) Temperature rise test: In the fire resistance test furnace, the four sides of the aluminum alloy component are heated by the gas nozzle, and the temperature curve is increased by 10°C per minute, and the temperature is kept constant after reaching 600°C; 5) Data monitoring: Displacement meters and thermocouples are arranged at multiple locations of aluminum alloy components to record axial deformation and temperature data in real time; 6) Test termination: When the axial compression deformation of the aluminum alloy component reaches 0.01H, or the deformation rate reaches 3H / 1000, the test is terminated and the data is recorded.

9. The full-scale test method for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 4), the temperature is controlled by a staged linear temperature increase curve, with a temperature increase of 10°C per minute in the first 30 minutes and then a temperature increase of 2°C per minute.

10. The full-scale test method for eccentric compression of aluminum alloy components under four-sided fire conditions according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of displacement meters and thermocouples are arranged in the middle of the aluminum alloy component and 1 m away from the middle.

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