Experimental device for dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leakage and spillage in petrochemical enterprises and extinguishing oil pool / flowing fire with three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent

Abstract

The present invention discloses an experimental device for the dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leaks and spills in petrochemical enterprises, and for extinguishing pool / flowing fires with a three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent. The device includes a foam fire extinguishing system, a pool fire generation system, a spill control system, a wind speed regulation system, a spread convergence system, an image acquisition system, a temperature acquisition system, a radiation heat flux acquisition system, a gas concentration acquisition system, an air velocity acquisition system, an oil film thickness acquisition system, a flow and spread monitoring system, and a coordinated control system. This experimental device is used to investigate the dynamic characteristics, transient development process, and fire extinguishing effectiveness of liquid fuel leaks and spills and combustion, and of extinguishing pool / flowing fires with a gas-liquid-solid three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent under the influence of multiple parameters. This device reveals the dynamic fire extinguishing characteristics of the three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent, as well as the coupled processes and spread mechanisms of "flow-combustion-heat-mass transfer" under the influence of multiple factors. This provides a theoretical basis for improving fire prevention and control in chemical enterprises and enhancing firefighting and rescue capabilities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of fire safety in petrochemical enterprises and is an experimental device for the dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leakage and overflow and extinguishing oil pool / flowing fire by three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent in petrochemical enterprises. Background Art

[0002] With the accelerating pace of industrialization and urbanization in my country, demand for liquid fuels, a key driver of economic development, continues to grow. This has driven a surge in oil imports and consumption, and in turn, a significant expansion in oil storage, transportation, and processing. However, due to their flammable, fluid, and incompressible nature, liquid fuels are highly susceptible to leakage and spread during storage, transportation, and processing. Once exposed to a fire source, these leaks can quickly develop into uncontrollable, flowing oil fires, posing a significant safety challenge. These incidents often occur in densely populated liquid fuel storage and processing areas, such as oil tank farms, industrial parks, and warehouses, posing extremely difficult rescue efforts. Therefore, effectively preventing and suppressing spill fires is crucial to ensuring the safety of petrochemical enterprises.

[0003] Currently, research on oil pool fires focuses on macroscopic combustion characteristics and flame structure, with limited research examining the microstructural changes and influencing mechanisms of flame morphology during the combustion process. Existing research is insufficient to reveal the dynamic characteristics and influencing mechanisms of oil pool fires under the influence of multiple parameters. Research on flowing fires has largely focused on macroscopic descriptions of flame and combustion characteristics, as well as the study of the spread and diffusion patterns of flowing fires. Although corresponding spread, diffusion, and burning rate models have been established to describe the dynamics of leaking fires, the measurement of key parameters in these models is mostly based on theoretical analysis and lacks experimental data support. Furthermore, comprehensive research on the influencing mechanisms of the numerous factors affecting the combustion of flowing fires is still lacking. Few studies have examined the flow and aggregation of flowing fires in complex terrain, and the distribution and evolution of flame characteristics and characteristic parameters during the combustion of concentrated flowing fires is lacking. Few reports have been published on effective fire extinguishing methods for oil pool fires, flowing fires, and concentrated flowing fires. Three-phase foam, a stable foam system formed by mechanically foaming solid, liquid, and gas phases, was initially used primarily in coal fire prevention and extinguishing. The application and research of oil fire extinguishing is still insufficient, especially in terms of understanding the flow and spread of oil on oil surfaces and the extinguishing mechanisms. The theoretical framework is still incomplete. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an experimental device capable of deeply studying the dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leaks and combustion, as well as the extinguishing of oil pools and flowing fires by three-phase foam fire extinguishing agents in petrochemical enterprises. This device will investigate the dynamic characteristics, transient development, and fire extinguishing effectiveness of liquid fuel leaks and combustion, and the extinguishing of oil pools and flowing fires by gas-liquid-solid three-phase foam fire extinguishing agents under the influence of multiple parameters. This will reveal the dynamic extinguishing characteristics of three-phase foam fire extinguishing agents and the coupled "flow-combustion-heat and mass transfer" processes and spread mechanisms under the influence of multiple factors. Furthermore, it will establish and improve models for the combustion of oil pool fires, the spread of flowing fires, and the accumulation, combustion, and diffusion of flowing fires, as well as foam fire extinguishing prediction models. This is crucial for effectively controlling fires, improving firefighting efficiency, reducing casualties and property losses, and ensuring the safety of employees and assets. This not only contributes to the improvement of the theoretical framework for oil fire extinguishing, but also provides strong technical support and assurance for safe production in petrochemical enterprises. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the invention is to provide an experimental device for the dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leakage and overflow and three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent extinguishing oil pool / flowing fire in petrochemical enterprises, which can realize the research on the dynamic characteristics and transient development process and fire extinguishing efficiency of liquid fuel leakage and overflow and combustion, gas-liquid-solid three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent extinguishing oil pool / flowing fire under the influence of multiple parameters.

[0005] Technical solution: The experimental device for the dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leakage and overflow in petrochemical enterprises and extinguishing oil pool / flowing fires with three-phase foam fire extinguishing agents of the present invention includes a foam fire extinguishing system, a pool fire generation system, a spill control system, a wind speed regulation system, a spread and convergence system, an image acquisition system, a temperature acquisition system, a radiation heat flow acquisition system, a gas concentration acquisition system, an air velocity acquisition system, an oil film thickness acquisition system, a flow and spread monitoring system, and a coordination control system;

[0006] The pool fire generation system is used to generate oil pool flames and adjust the flame position; the overflow control system is set on the pool fire generation system, and is used to release the oil pool flames to the spreading and converging system to form a flowing flame; the spreading and converging system is connected to the pool fire generation system, and is used to receive and converge the oil pool flames released by the overflow control system to form a flowing flame; the foam fire extinguishing system is used to generate foam fire extinguishing agent and spray the foam fire extinguishing agent on the oil pool flames generated by the pool fire generation system and the flowing flames formed on the spreading and converging system; the wind speed adjustment system is set on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spreading and converging system , used to adjust the wind speed and direction of the oil pool flame generated by the pool fire generation system and the flowing flame formed on the spreading and converging system; the image acquisition system is set on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spreading and converging system, and is used to capture images of the morphological changes, temperature field changes and microscopic flow field structure changes of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam extinguishing agents; the temperature acquisition system is set on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spreading and converging system, and is used to capture multi-point temperatures of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam extinguishing agents; radiant heat The flow collection system is set on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spread and convergence system, and is used to collect multi-point thermal radiation of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam fire extinguishing agent; the gas concentration collection system is set on the side of the spread and convergence system, and is used to collect multi-point combustible gas concentration of the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam fire extinguishing agent; the air flow rate collection system is set on the side of the spread and convergence system, and is used to collect multi-point air flow rate of the flowing flame during the combustion process; the oil film thickness collection system is set on the spread and convergence system, and is used to collect the air flow rate of the flowing flame during the combustion process. The thickness of the oil film of the flowing flame is collected at multiple points; the flow and spread monitoring system is set on the side of the spread and convergence system, and is used to collect images of the diffusion behavior of the flowing flame during the combustion and diffusion process, as well as the diffusion behavior of the foam fire extinguishing agent on the surface of the flowing fire; the coordination control system is used to coordinate and control the foam fire extinguishing system, pool fire generation system, overflow control system, wind speed regulation system, spread and convergence system, image acquisition system, temperature acquisition system, radiation heat flow acquisition system, gas concentration acquisition system, air flow rate acquisition system, oil film thickness acquisition system and flow and spread monitoring system.

[0007] Furthermore, the pool fire generation system includes a visual oil pool pan, an electronic balance, an insulation board, a first lifting platform, a first mobile support platform and an oil supply subsystem; the first lifting platform is installed on the first mobile support platform, and the first mobile support platform adjusts the lateral position of the first lifting platform; the electronic balance is installed on the first lifting platform, and the first lifting platform adjusts the height of the electronic balance; the insulation board is set on the weighing platform of the electronic balance, and the visual oil pool pan is set on the insulation board, and the electronic balance weighs the visual oil pool pan in real time; the oil supply subsystem is connected to the visual oil pool pan for transporting oil into the visual oil pool pan; the oil supply subsystem is coordinated and controlled by the coordination control system.

[0008] Furthermore, the overflow control system includes an electric lifting plate and a first liquid flow trough; an overflow outlet is provided on the side of the visual oil pool plate, and the electric lifting plate is installed in a lifting manner at the overflow outlet to adjust the size of the overflow outlet; one end of the first liquid flow trough is waterproofly movably connected to the overflow outlet to receive the oil pool flame released from the overflow outlet; the electric lifting plate is coordinated and controlled by the coordination control system.

[0009] Furthermore, the foam fire extinguishing system includes a foam generation control console, an air supply pressure control subsystem, a premixing subsystem, a foam generation subsystem and a foam spraying subsystem; the air supply pressure control subsystem is respectively connected to the premixing subsystem and the foam generation subsystem, and is used to inject high-pressure air into the solid-phase particle injection subsystem and the foam generation subsystem; the premixing subsystem is connected to the foam generation subsystem, and the premixing subsystem is used to mix the solid-phase particles transported by the high-pressure airflow with the foam liquid to form premixed foam, and the foam generation subsystem is used to extract the premixed foam and form a foam fire extinguishing agent under high-pressure state under the action of the high-pressure airflow; the foam spraying subsystem is connected to the foam generation subsystem, and is used to spray foam fire extinguishing agent onto the oil pool flame and the flowing flame; the air supply pressure control subsystem, the premixing subsystem and the foam generation subsystem are all driven and controlled by the foam generation control console, and the foam generation control console is coordinated and controlled with the coordination control system.

[0010] Furthermore, the wind speed regulation system includes a variable frequency power fan, a wind speed regulator, an anemometer and an eighth fixed support frame; the wind speed regulator includes a blower and an anemometer; the blower is installed on the side of the pool fire generation system, and is used to blow an airflow with controllable size and direction to the oil pool flame generated by the pool fire generation system; the anemometer is installed at the air outlet of the blower, and is used to collect the wind speed of the blower; the variable frequency power fan is installed on the side of the spreading and converging system through the eighth fixed support frame, and is used to blow an airflow with controllable size and direction to the flowing flame formed by the spreading and converging system; the variable frequency power fan, blower and anemometer are all coordinated and controlled by the coordinated control system.

[0011] Furthermore, the spreading and converging system includes a second liquid flow trough, a third liquid flow trough, a fourth liquid flow trough, an oil collecting trough, a first obstacle, a second obstacle, a bottom plate, a second lifting platform, a third lifting platform and a second movable support platform; one side of the fourth liquid flow trough is waterproofly movably connected to the first liquid flow trough of the overflow control system, and the second liquid flow trough and the other side of the fourth liquid flow trough are waterproofly docked to form a flowing platform; the bottom plate is located on the flowing platform, and is used to receive the oil pool flame released by the overflow control system to form a flowing flame; the third liquid flow trough is waterproofly docked with the flowing platform, and the oil collecting trough is arranged in the middle of the third liquid flow trough, and the flowing flame is gathered by the oil collecting trough; the second lifting platform and the third lifting platform are both installed on the second movable support platform, and the second movable support platform adjusts the lateral position of the second lifting platform and the third lifting platform; the bottom of the flowing platform is movably installed on the second lifting platform, and the height of the flowing platform is adjusted by the second lifting platform; the bottom of the third liquid flow trough is movably installed on the third lifting platform, and the height of the third liquid flow trough is adjusted by the third lifting platform; the first obstacle and the second obstacle are both arranged on the bottom plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the image acquisition system includes a high-speed camera, a high-frequency infrared thermal imager and a Schlieren instrument; the high-speed camera is arranged on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spread and convergence system, and is used to capture images of the morphological changes of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam fire extinguishing agents; the high-frequency infrared thermal imager is arranged on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spread and convergence system, and is used to capture images of the temperature field changes of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam fire extinguishing agents; the Schlieren instrument is arranged on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spread and convergence system, and is used to capture images of the microscopic flow field structure changes of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam fire extinguishing agents; the high-speed camera, the high-frequency infrared thermal imager and the Schlieren instrument are all coordinated and controlled by the coordinated control system.

[0013] Furthermore, the temperature acquisition system includes a first high-frequency temperature thermocouple, a second high-frequency temperature thermocouple, a third high-frequency temperature thermocouple and a fourth high-frequency temperature thermocouple; the radiation heat flux acquisition system includes a first radiation heat flux meter, a second radiation heat flux meter, a third radiation heat flux meter and a fourth radiation heat flux meter; the first high-frequency temperature thermocouple is installed on the fourth fixed support frame through a second fixing buckle, and the first high-frequency temperature thermocouple is distributed at different heights above the center of the visual oil pool plate; the second high-frequency temperature thermocouple, the third high-frequency temperature thermocouple and the fourth high-frequency temperature thermocouple are respectively installed on the sides of the fourth liquid flow trough, the second liquid flow trough and the third liquid flow trough of the diffusion and convergence system, and the second high-frequency temperature thermocouple, the third high-frequency temperature thermocouple and the fourth high-frequency temperature thermocouple are respectively distributed at different heights above the center of the fourth liquid flow trough, different heights above the center of the second liquid flow trough and the diffusion and convergence system. at different height positions above the center of the oil collecting tank of the system; the first radiation heat flux meter is installed at different positions on the fourth fixed support frame through the third fixing buckle, and the first radiation heat flux meter faces the oil pool flame above the visual oil pool plate of the pool fire generation system; the second radiation heat flux meter, the third radiation heat flux meter and the fourth radiation heat flux meter are respectively installed at different height positions on the sides of the fourth liquid flow trough, the second liquid flow trough and the third liquid flow trough of the spreading and converging system, and the second radiation heat flux meter, the third radiation heat flux meter and the fourth radiation heat flux meter are respectively pointed horizontally to the center above the fourth liquid flow trough, the center above the second liquid flow trough and the center above the oil collecting tank of the spreading and converging system; the first high-frequency temperature thermocouple, the second high-frequency temperature thermocouple, the third high-frequency temperature thermocouple, the fourth high-frequency temperature thermocouple, the first radiation heat flux meter, the second radiation heat flux meter, the third radiation heat flux meter and the fourth radiation heat flux meter are all coordinated and controlled by the coordinated control system.

[0014] Furthermore, the gas concentration collection system includes a first gas concentration analyzer, a second gas concentration analyzer and a third gas concentration analyzer; the air flow rate collection system includes a Pitot tube; the first gas concentration analyzer, the second gas concentration analyzer and the third gas concentration analyzer are respectively installed on the sides of the fourth liquid flow trough, the second liquid flow trough and the third liquid flow trough, and the first gas concentration analyzer, the second gas concentration analyzer and the third gas concentration analyzer are respectively pointed horizontally above the center of the fourth liquid flow trough, the center of the second liquid flow trough and the center of the oil collecting trough of the spreading and converging system; the Pitot tube is installed on the side of the third liquid flow trough, and the Pitot tube is horizontally pointed above the center of the oil collecting trough of the spreading and converging system; the first gas concentration analyzer, the second gas concentration analyzer, the third gas concentration analyzer and the Pitot tube are all coordinated and controlled by the coordinated control system.

[0015] Furthermore, the oil film thickness collection system includes four groups of ultrasonic thickness gauges; the flow and spread monitoring system includes a high-speed camera, a high-definition camera and a sixth fixed support frame; the four groups of ultrasonic thickness gauges are respectively installed at the bottom center of the first liquid flow trough of the overflow control, the bottom center of the second liquid flow trough of the spread and convergence system, the bottom center of the third liquid flow trough and the bottom center of the fourth liquid flow trough, for respectively collecting the oil film thickness at the corresponding positions; the high-speed camera is arranged on the side of the flow platform of the spread and convergence system, for collecting images of the diffusion behavior of tracer particles on the bottom plate during the combustion process of the flowing fire; the high-definition camera is installed on the seventh fixed support frame through the sixth fixed support frame, for collecting images of the diffusion behavior of the foam liquid on the bottom plate on the surface of the flowing fire; the four groups of ultrasonic thickness gauges, high-speed cameras and high-definition cameras are all coordinated and controlled by the coordinated control system.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention studies the dynamic characteristics and transient development process of liquid fuel leakage and combustion, and the extinguishing of oil pool / flowing fire by gas-liquid-solid three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent under the influence of multiple parameters, and reveals the dynamic fire extinguishing characteristics of the three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent and the coupling process and spread mechanism of "flow-combustion-heat and mass transfer" under the influence of multiple factors, providing a theoretical basis for improving fire prevention and control in chemical enterprises and enhancing firefighting and rescue capabilities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the experimental device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a foam generator according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of different nozzle types of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the small-scale flowing fire experimental device under different flowing conditions of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor installation of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the ultrasonic thickness gauge of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the comparative experimental results of the foam dynamic fire extinguishing process conducted by the experimental device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the experimental results of the temperature field change during the foam fire extinguishing process performed by the experimental device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 9This is a diagram showing the temperature comparison results of a foam fire extinguishing process performed by the experimental device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a graph showing comparative experimental results of the foam fire extinguishing process under different wind speeds conducted by the experimental device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 11 This is a temperature change curve diagram of the foam fire extinguishing process under different wind speeds in the experimental device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 12 This is a diagram showing comparative experimental results of the foam fire extinguishing process under different gas-liquid ratios using the experimental device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses an experimental device for the dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leakage and overflow in petrochemical enterprises and extinguishing oil pool / flowing fire with a three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent, comprising: a foam fire extinguishing system, a pool fire generation system, a spillage control system, a wind speed regulation system, a spread and convergence system, an image acquisition system, a temperature acquisition system, a radiation heat flow acquisition system, a gas concentration acquisition system, an air velocity acquisition system, an oil film thickness acquisition system, a flow and spread monitoring system, and a coordination control system;

[0031] The pool fire generation system is used to generate oil pool flames and adjust the flame position; the overflow control system is set on the pool fire generation system, and is used to release the oil pool flames to the spreading and converging system to form a flowing flame; the spreading and converging system is connected to the pool fire generation system, and is used to receive and converge the oil pool flames released by the overflow control system to form a flowing flame; the foam fire extinguishing system is used to generate foam fire extinguishing agent and spray the foam fire extinguishing agent on the oil pool flames generated by the pool fire generation system and the flowing flames formed on the spreading and converging system; the wind speed adjustment system is set on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spreading and converging system , used to adjust the wind speed and direction of the oil pool flame generated by the pool fire generation system and the flowing flame formed on the spreading and converging system; the image acquisition system is set on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spreading and converging system, and is used to capture images of the morphological changes, temperature field changes and microscopic flow field structure changes of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam extinguishing agents; the temperature acquisition system is set on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spreading and converging system, and is used to capture multi-point temperatures of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam extinguishing agents; radiant heat The flow collection system is set on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spread and convergence system, and is used to collect multi-point thermal radiation of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam fire extinguishing agent; the gas concentration collection system is set on the side of the spread and convergence system, and is used to collect multi-point combustible gas concentration of the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam fire extinguishing agent; the air flow rate collection system is set on the side of the spread and convergence system, and is used to collect multi-point air flow rate of the flowing flame during the combustion process; the oil film thickness collection system is set on the spread and convergence system, and is used to collect the air flow rate of the flowing flame during the combustion process. The thickness of the oil film of the flowing flame is collected at multiple points; the flow and spread monitoring system is set on the side of the spread and convergence system, and is used to collect images of the diffusion behavior of the flowing flame during the combustion and diffusion process, as well as the diffusion behavior of the foam fire extinguishing agent on the surface of the flowing fire; the coordination control system is used to coordinate and control the foam fire extinguishing system, pool fire generation system, overflow control system, wind speed regulation system, spread and convergence system, image acquisition system, temperature acquisition system, radiation heat flow acquisition system, gas concentration acquisition system, air flow rate acquisition system, oil film thickness acquisition system and flow and spread monitoring system.

[0032] The technical combination of the pool fire generation system and the foam fire extinguishing system can simulate the oil pool flame and the foam fire extinguishing process, which is convenient for studying the dynamic combustion characteristics and influencing mechanisms of the oil pool fire combustion process, including the distribution and evolution process of flame characteristics and characteristic parameters (including temperature, radiation heat, flow field microstructure, etc.). The dynamic development process of flame and flow field under the coupling of multiple physical fields such as temperature field, density field, velocity field, etc. during the combustion of the oil pool fire is deeply analyzed, revealing the combustion mechanism of the dynamic combustion process of "combustion-heat radiation-heat feedback" of the oil pool fire. It can also facilitate the study of the dynamic extinguishing process of the three-phase foam extinguishing of the oil pool fire and the distribution and transient transition process of the combustion characteristic parameters of the oil pool fire when the foam acts on the oil layer surface. The evolution process of flame and flow field under the coupling of multiple physical fields such as temperature field and density field during the three-phase foam extinguishing process is comprehensively analyzed, revealing the fire extinguishing mechanism and fire extinguishing efficiency under the dynamic cycle process of foam "covering-rupture-gasification-flow", and establishing a prediction model for the combustion characteristics, foam agent flow rate, oil pool fire combustion scale and fire extinguishing time under multiple working conditions, as shown in formula (1).

[0033]

[0034] Where: t is the extinguishing time, Q is the foam agent flow rate, S is the oil pan area, δ is the oil layer thickness, h is the spraying height, T is the high-temperature flame temperature, v is the foam diffusion rate, H is the flame height, and q is the radiation heat flux density.

[0035] The overflow control system can be used to control the spread of the oil pool flame, and can facilitate the study of the combustion dynamics, combustion rate and flame characteristics (flame height, flame inclination, flame pulsation frequency and flame morphology) of flowing fires under different oil leakage rates and flow planes, revealing the combustion mechanism of the flowing fire under the dynamic combustion process of "flow-combustion-heat and mass transfer", and summarizing and improving the combustion diffusion model of the flowing fire. At the same time, it can also realize the dynamic extinguishing characteristics of the three-phase foam extinguishing flowing fire under different leakage rates and flow planes, and the extinguishing mechanism and fire extinguishing efficiency under the coupling effect of the dynamic cycle process of foam "covering-rupture-gasification-flow" and the dynamic combustion process of flowing fire "flow-combustion-heat and mass transfer";

[0036] By utilizing the technical combination of the spreading and converging system and the foam fire extinguishing system, it is possible to simulate the flowing flame and the foam fire extinguishing process, and to realize the research on the combustion dynamic characteristics, combustion rate and flame characteristics (flame height, flame inclination, flame pulsation frequency and flame shape) of flowing fire under different boundary conditions, different base plate types, different obstacle types and different slopes, reveal the combustion mechanism of the flowing fire under the dynamic combustion process of "flow-combustion-heat and mass transfer" under the influence of multiple parameters, and summarize and improve the flowing fire combustion diffusion model; it is also possible to realize the dynamic fire extinguishing characteristics of the three-phase foam extinguishing flowing fire under the influence of multiple parameters, and the fire extinguishing mechanism and fire extinguishing effect under the coupling effect of the dynamic cycle process of foam "covering-rupture-gasification-flow" and the dynamic combustion process of flowing fire "flow-combustion-heat and mass transfer". It can also realize the study of the aggregation behavior and combustion dynamics of flowing fire in complex terrain, revealing its combustion and spreading mechanism under the coupling effect of "flow-combustion-aggregation-heat and mass transfer"; it can also deeply analyze the corresponding relationship between key parameters such as oil layer spreading rate, aggregation shape and flame height and the geometric parameters of the oil gathering tank 22 during the flowing aggregation process, and establish a flowing fire aggregation combustion model; it can also realize the dynamic fire extinguishing characteristics of three-phase foam extinguishing flowing fire aggregation combustion and the fire extinguishing mechanism and fire extinguishing efficiency under the coupling effect of the dynamic cycle process of foam "covering-rupture-gasification-flow" and the dynamic combustion process of flowing convergent fire "flow-combustion-aggregation-heat and mass transfer", and establish the prediction formula of the three-phase foam flow rate, fire extinguishing time and oil gathering tank geometric parameter model (3).

[0037]

[0038] Where: q is the heat flux, S j is the oil accumulation tank area, h j is the depth of the oil collecting tank, T is the high temperature flame temperature, x is the different distances from the heat flow meter to the flame center, h1 is the different heights of the heat flow meter from the flame center, Q1 is the leakage flow rate, and t1 is the leakage time.

[0039]

[0040] Where: t is the fire extinguishing time, Q is the foaming agent flow rate, δ is the oil layer thickness, h is the spraying height, q is the radiation heat flux density, v o is the oil layer spreading rate, S j is the oil accumulation tank area, h j is the depth of the oil collecting groove, and t1 is the leakage time.

[0041] The wind speed regulation system can be used to adjust the wind speed and direction of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame, so as to facilitate the study of the influence mechanism of wind speed and wind direction on the flame behavior (including flame shape, flame structure and height) and combustion characteristics (including combustion rate, temperature and heat flux density) of the oil pool fire, revealing the combustion mechanism of the oil pool fire under the coupling effect of "combustion-thermal radiation-thermal feedback" under the action of environmental wind, and also realizing the study of the effects of wind speed and wind direction on the combustion dynamics, combustion rate and flame characteristics (flame height, flame inclination, flame pulsation frequency and flame shape) of the flowing fire, revealing the influence of environmental wind on the combustion mechanism of the oil pool fire under the coupling effect of "combustion-thermal radiation-thermal feedback". The research also aims to understand the mechanism by which ambient wind speed and direction enhance or inhibit the spread of flowing fires, summarize and improve the combustion and diffusion model of flowing fires, and realize the dynamic fire extinguishing characteristics of three-phase foam extinguishing oil pool fires and flowing fires under the influence of wind speed and direction, the fire extinguishing mechanism and fire extinguishing efficiency under the coupling effect of the dynamic cycle process of foam "covering-rupture-gasification-flow" and the dynamic combustion process of oil pool fire "combustion-heat radiation-heat feedback", and the fire extinguishing mechanism and fire extinguishing efficiency under the coupling effect of the dynamic cycle process of foam "covering-rupture-gasification-flow" and the dynamic combustion process of flowing fire "flow-combustion-heat and mass transfer".

[0042] The image acquisition system can be used to capture images of the flame morphology evolution process, the disturbance caused by the foam liquid on the oil layer surface, and the flame deformation process, so as to study the flame propagation characteristics and influencing laws of the oil pool fire combustion process. It can also capture images of the flowing fire spread process on the flowing platform, the flame morphology evolution process, the thickness change of the foam liquid on the oil layer surface, and the flame deformation process, so as to study the flame propagation characteristics and influencing laws of the flowing fire combustion process and the three-phase foam extinguishing flowing fire extinguishing mechanism and the spread and diffusion law. It can also capture images of the flame morphology evolution process inside and outside the oil gathering tank 22, the disturbance caused by the foam liquid on the oil layer surface, and the flame deformation process, so as to study the flame propagation characteristics and influencing laws of the flowing fire combustion aggregation process. It can also capture images of the temperature field distribution and evolution process inside and outside the visual oil pool plate 25, and the temperature field distribution of the foam liquid on the oil layer surface, so as to study the temperature distribution law and heat conduction law of the high-temperature flame in the oil pool fire combustion process. It can also capture images of the temperature field distribution and evolution process of the flowing fire on the flowing platform, and the temperature field distribution of the foam liquid on the oil layer surface. The image collection can be used to collect the distribution and evolution process of the flow fire combustion process, and the high-temperature flame temperature distribution law and heat conduction law can be studied. The image collection can also be used to collect the temperature field distribution and evolution process inside and outside the oil collection tank 22, and the temperature field distribution of the foam liquid acting on the oil layer surface, and the high-temperature flame temperature distribution law and heat conduction law can be studied in the flow fire combustion aggregation process; the image collection can also be used to collect the evolution process of the microscopic flow field structure inside and outside the visual oil pool plate 25, and the microscopic flow field structure transformation process after the foam liquid acts on the oil layer surface to analyze the liquid fuel combustion process. The flow process of flammable steam generated during the process can realize the research on the combustion mechanism and foam fire extinguishing mechanism of oil pool fire. It can also capture the evolution process of the internal and external microscopic flow field structure of the flowing fire on the flowing platform, and the transformation process of the microscopic flow field structure of the foam liquid spreading and diffusing on the surface of the oil layer, and analyze the combustion mechanism and foam fire extinguishing mechanism of the flowing fire. It can also capture the evolution process of the microscopic flow field structure inside and outside the oil collection tank 22, and the transformation process of the microscopic flow field structure of the foam liquid spreading and diffusing on the surface of the oil layer, and analyze the combustion mechanism and foam fire extinguishing mechanism of the flowing fire accumulation.

[0043] The temperature acquisition system can monitor the temperature distribution changes of oil pool flames at different heights and during dynamic fire extinguishing, the temperature distribution changes of flowing flames at different positions and heights and during dynamic fire extinguishing, and the temperature distribution changes of flowing fire aggregates at different heights and during dynamic fire extinguishing.

[0044] The radiation heat flux acquisition system can collect the thermal radiation change trends of oil pool flames at different positions and heights and during dynamic fire extinguishing, the thermal radiation change trends of flowing flames at different positions and heights during spread and dynamic fire extinguishing, and the thermal radiation change trends of flowing flames at different heights during concentrated combustion and dynamic fire extinguishing.

[0045] The gas concentration acquisition system can collect the trend of combustible gas concentration changes during the spread of flowing flames at different locations and heights and the dynamic fire extinguishing process, and then analyze the combustion mechanism of flowing flame spread and the fire extinguishing performance of foam fire extinguishing agents. It can also collect the trend of combustible gas concentration changes during the concentrated combustion of flowing flames at different heights and the dynamic fire extinguishing process, and then analyze the combustion mechanism of flowing flame concentration and the fire extinguishing performance of foam fire extinguishing agents.

[0046] The air velocity acquisition system can be used to collect the air velocity variation patterns during the flowing flame aggregation combustion process at different heights and positions, and then analyze the corresponding relationship between air velocity and flame height, and establish a theoretical model of the characteristics of flowing fire combustion aggregation flames;

[0047] The oil film thickness acquisition system can be used to collect the distribution changes of oil film thickness during the spread of flowing flames, and establish a quantitative relationship model between diffusion rate and oil film thickness, providing a theoretical basis for the prediction of the combustion spread behavior of flowing flames. It can also be used to study the laws and mechanisms of the influence of different obstacle geometric parameters on the oil film thickness during the spread of flowing flames, and the laws and mechanisms of the influence of pit geometric parameters on the oil film thickness during the accumulation of flowing flames.

[0048] The flow spread monitoring system can be used to study the correlation between leakage flow and diffusion rate in the process of flow flame spread under multiple working conditions, as well as the influence mechanism of obstacle geometric parameters on diffusion rate. It can also be used to study the correlation between foam spraying pressure and spraying flow and foam diffusion rate in the process of foam liquid extinguishing flow flame under multiple working conditions, and establish a three-phase foam spread model acting on the oil surface.

[0049] The pool fire generation system further includes a visual oil pool pan 25, an electronic scale 30, a heat shield 14, a first lifting platform 31-1, a first mobile support platform 32-1, and an oil supply subsystem. The first lifting platform 31-1 is mounted on the first mobile support platform 32-1, and the first mobile support platform 32-1 adjusts the lateral position of the first lifting platform 31-1. The electronic scale 30 is mounted on the first lifting platform 31-1, and the first lifting platform 31-1 adjusts the height of the electronic scale 30. The heat shield 14 is mounted on the weighing platform of the electronic scale 30, and the visual oil pool pan 25 is mounted on the heat shield 14, and the electronic scale 30 performs real-time weighing of the visual oil pool pan 25. The oil supply subsystem is connected to the visual oil pool pan 25 and is used to supply oil to the visual oil pool pan 25. The oil supply subsystem is coordinated and controlled by a coordinated control system. The heat shield 14 is used to isolate the visual oil pool pan 25, preventing heat transfer and ensuring safe operation of the equipment.

[0050] Furthermore, the visual oil pool pan 25 is made of stainless steel, one side of which is composed of fireproof glass with a ruler, which is used to observe the combustion status of the interior and the oil surface and record the liquid level height; at the same time, by replacing the visual oil pool pan 25 of different sizes and depths, the combustion characteristics of oil pool fires of different scales can be studied.

[0051] Furthermore, the oil supply subsystem includes an oil storage tank 28, a peristaltic pump 29, and a flow stabilizer 26. The oil inlet of the peristaltic pump 29 is connected to the oil storage tank 28 through an oil pipeline, and the oil outlet of the peristaltic pump 29 is connected to the bottom of the visual oil pool tray 25 through an oil pipeline. A liquid flow meter is installed to record the input flow of the liquid fuel. The flow stabilizer 26 is installed on the bottom of the visual oil pool tray 25 and is located at the connection point of the oil pipeline to buffer the oil transported by the oil pipeline. The liquid flow meter and the peristaltic pump 29 are coordinated and controlled by a coordinated control system. The coordinated control system realizes the opening and closing of the peristaltic pump 29 and the power regulation (i.e., controlling the liquid fuel flow and total amount). The oil supply subsystem realizes the combustion dynamics and flame characteristics (flame height, flame inclination, flame pulsation frequency, and flame shape) during the pool fire combustion process with different oil amounts, reveals their changing patterns, and establishes a flame characteristic prediction model.

[0052] Furthermore, the flow stabilizer 26 is a circular cover, and a plurality of buffer oil holes are set on the circular cover. The flow stabilizer 26 covers the connecting position of the oil pipeline to buffer the entry of the oil product and avoid the fuel flowing too fast to form waves that affect the fuel flow and experimental results.

[0053] Furthermore, the overflow control system includes an electric lift plate 33 and a first liquid flow channel 36-1. An overflow outlet is provided on the side of the visible oil pool pan 25. The electric lift plate 33 is mounted in a lifting manner at the overflow outlet to adjust the size of the overflow outlet. One end of the first liquid flow channel 36-1 is waterproofly and movably connected to the overflow outlet to receive the oil pool flame released from the overflow outlet. The electric lift plate 33 is coordinated and controlled by a coordinated control system. The coordinated control system adjusts the height of the electric lift plate 33, thereby changing the overflow flow rate of the liquid fuel.

[0054] Furthermore, the first liquid flow groove 36-1 is a downwardly inclined straight plate groove, a downwardly curved concave plate groove or an upwardly curved convex plate groove, and the change of different flow planes can be achieved by changing the type of the liquid flow groove 36-1, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0055] Furthermore, the foam fire extinguishing system includes a foam generation control console 42, an air supply pressure control subsystem, a premixing subsystem, a foam generation subsystem and a foam spraying subsystem; the air supply pressure control subsystem is respectively connected to the premixing subsystem and the foam generation subsystem, and is used to inject high-pressure air into the solid-phase particle injection subsystem and the foam generation subsystem; the premixing subsystem is connected to the foam generation subsystem, and the premixing subsystem is used to mix the solid-phase particles transported by the high-pressure airflow with the foam liquid to form premixed foam, and the foam generation subsystem is used to extract the premixed foam and form a foam fire extinguishing agent under high-pressure state under the action of the high-pressure airflow; the foam spraying subsystem is connected to the foam generation subsystem, and is used to spray foam fire extinguishing agent onto the oil pool flame and the flowing flame; the air supply pressure control subsystem, the premixing subsystem and the foam generation subsystem are all driven and controlled by the foam generation control console 42, and the foam generation control console 42 is coordinated and controlled with the coordination control system.

[0056] Furthermore, the gas supply pressure control subsystem includes a gas storage tank 1, a high-pressure gas cylinder 2, and a gas compressor 3; the high-pressure gas cylinder 2 is connected to the gas storage tank 1 through a high-pressure gas pipe, and a first solenoid valve is provided on the high-pressure gas pipe; the gas storage tank 1 is connected to the air inlet of the gas compressor 3 through a delivery gas pipe, and the air outlet of the gas compressor 3 is respectively connected to the premixing subsystem and the foam generation subsystem through two delivery gas pipes; the first solenoid valve and the gas compressor 3 are both driven and controlled by the foam generation control console 42. The foam generation control console 42 controls the first solenoid valve to enable the high-pressure gas cylinder 2 to fill the gas storage tank 1 with gas, and changes the gas phase influencing factors (including gas type, pressure, etc.) in the three-phase foam through the gas supply pressure control subsystem, and conducts an in-depth analysis of the influence law and action mechanism of the gas phase influencing factors on the performance of the three-phase foam (including foaming multiple, stability, burning resistance and fire extinguishing performance, etc.).

[0057] Furthermore, the gas storage tank 1 is detachably mounted on the first fixed support frame 12 - 1 , and is detachably mounted on the top of the second fixed support frame 12 - 2 through the first fixed support frame 12 - 1 .

[0058] Furthermore, the premixing subsystem includes a solid-phase particle injection tank 7, a foam liquid premixing tank 4, a liquid viscometer 5, a mechanical stirrer 6, a foam stock liquid tank 8 and a heating jacket 9; the inlet of the solid-phase particle injection tank 7 is connected to the air outlet of the gas compressor 3 through a conveying air pipe, and a second solenoid valve is provided at the inlet of the solid-phase particle injection tank 7; the outlet of the solid-phase particle injection tank 7 is connected to the top of the foam liquid premixing tank 4; the liquid viscometer 5 is installed on the top of the foam liquid premixing tank 4 to measure the viscosity of the medium inside the foam liquid premixing tank 4; the mechanical stirrer 6 is installed on the top of the foam liquid premixing tank 4, Used to stir the medium inside the foam liquid premixing tank 4; the foam raw liquid tank 8 is connected to the foam liquid premixing tank 4 through a raw liquid delivery pipe, and is used to deliver the pre-mixed foam raw liquid (the components of the foam raw liquid include surfactants, foam stabilizers and antifreeze, etc.) to the foam liquid premixing tank 4 through a mechanical pressing piston; the heating jacket 9 is coated on the outer wall of the foam liquid premixing tank 4, and is used to control the temperature of the foam liquid premixing tank 4 by controlling the temperature of the heating jacket 9 through a circulating heating pump; the second solenoid valve, liquid viscometer 5, mechanical stirrer 6 and circulating heating pump are all coordinated and controlled by the foam generation control console 42. The foam generation control console 42 is used to control the opening and closing of the second solenoid valve, and the high-pressure gas injects the solid-phase particles into the tank 7 to uniformly disperse the solid-phase particles inside the foam liquid premixing tank 4. The premixing subsystem is used to change the physical properties of the three-phase foam solid-phase particles (including particle type, particle size, particle concentration, etc.), the factors affecting the foaming process (including initial temperature, stirring speed, gas-liquid ratio, etc.) and the three-phase foam liquid phase influencing factors (including foam stock solution composition, ratio, etc.), and the influence law and action mechanism of the solid-phase influencing factors on the three-phase foam performance (including foaming multiple, stability, burn resistance and fire extinguishing performance, etc.).

[0059] Furthermore, the foam generating subsystem includes a foam generator 10 and an axial flow pump 11; the liquid inlet 10-1 of the foam generator 10 is connected to the bottom outlet of the foam liquid premixing tank 4 through a foam delivery pipe, and the axial flow pump 11 is connected in series to the foam delivery pipe, and is used to suck the foam liquid in the foam liquid premixing tank 4 into the foam generator 10; the air inlet 10-3 of the foam generator 10 is connected to the air outlet of the gas compressor 3 through a delivery air pipe, and a third solenoid valve is connected in series at the air inlet 10-3 of the foam generator 10, and the foam generator 10 delivers high-pressure foam fire extinguishing agent to the foam spraying subsystem through a high-pressure nozzle, and a fourth solenoid valve is connected in series to the high-pressure nozzle; the axial flow pump 11, the third solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve are all coordinated and controlled by the foam generating control console 42.

[0060] Furthermore, the foam generator 10 is composed of two parts: an ejector and a static mixing chamber. Figure 2As shown, in order to ensure sufficient mixing of the foam liquid and compressed air, the ejector is based on the Venturi principle and is a section of contracting pipe with a gradually decreasing diameter. The foam liquid in the foam liquid premixing tank 4 flows out from the lower right pipe, and the pipeline liquid pressure is adjusted by the axial flow pump 11. It enters the foam liquid from the liquid inlet 10-1 on the left side of the foam generator 10. When the foam liquid flows through the contracting pipe 10-2, it accelerates and is preliminarily mixed with the compressed air at the air inlet 10-3 on the foam generator 10. After that, the two are mixed again in the mixing chamber 10-4 to generate high-quality foam, which is ejected from the foam outlet 10-5. The factors affecting the foaming process (including initial temperature, stirring speed, gas-liquid ratio, etc.) and the factors affecting the three-phase foam liquid phase (including foam stock liquid composition, ratio, etc.) are changed through the foam generation subsystem, and their influence rules and action mechanisms on the three-phase foam performance (including foaming multiple, stability, fluidity and fire extinguishing performance, etc.) are analyzed.

[0061] Furthermore, the foam generator 10 is detachably mounted on the third fixed support frame 12 - 3 , and is detachably mounted on the top of the second fixed support frame 12 - 2 through the third fixed support frame 12 - 3 .

[0062] By changing the influencing factors of the foaming process (including initial temperature, stirring speed, gas-liquid ratio, etc.) and the influencing factors of the three-phase foam liquid phase (including the composition and ratio of the foam stock solution, etc.) through the foam generation subsystem, the influence laws and action mechanisms of the three-phase foam performance (including foaming multiple, stability, fluidity and fire extinguishing performance, etc.) are analyzed; it is convenient to study the influence of the influencing factors of the foaming process and the influencing factors of the three-phase foam liquid phase on the foam foaming multiple, stability and fluidity under the interaction, analyze the critical conditions and evolution laws of foam formation, and reveal the influence mechanism of the influencing factors of the foaming process and the influencing factors of the three-phase foam liquid phase on the foam structure. It is also possible to study the influence of the influencing factors of the foaming process and the influencing factors of the three-phase foam liquid phase on the foam fluidity under the interaction, analyze the dynamic spreading process of foam under the coupling effect of "flame-thermal radiation-thermal feedback" of fuel combustion, reveal the changing laws of foam spreading characteristics, and establish a foam flow model. It can also study the influence of the interaction between the influencing factors of the foaming process and the influencing factors of the three-phase foam liquid phase on the foam fire extinguishing performance, analyze the dynamic cycle process of "covering-rupture-gasification-flow" in the dynamic fire extinguishing behavior of foam and the kinetic process of foam inhibiting the gas phase reaction of fuel combustion, thereby revealing the physical and chemical mechanism of fuel-induced foam rupture and the dynamic fire extinguishing mechanism of foam.

[0063] Furthermore, the foam spraying subsystem includes a first foam gun 15-1, a second foam gun 15-2, a third foam gun 15-3, a fourth foam gun 15-4, a first rotary joint 13-1, a second rotary joint 13-2, a third rotary joint 13-3, a fourth rotary joint 13-4, a first fixing buckle 16-1, a fourth fixing support frame 12-4, a fifth fixing support frame 12-5, a seventh fixing support frame 12-7 and a foam baffle 44; the first foam gun 15-1 is connected to the first rotary joint 13-1 and is installed on the fourth fixing support frame 12-4 through the first fixing buckle 16-1; the second foam gun 15-2, the third foam gun 15-3 and the fourth foam gun 15-4 are respectively connected to the second rotary joint 13-2 and the third rotary joint 13-3 and the fourth rotary joint 13-4, the second rotary joint 13-2, the third rotary joint 13-3 and the fourth rotary joint 13-4 are all installed on the seventh fixed support frame 12-7; the first rotary joint 13-1, the second rotary joint 13-2, the third rotary joint 13-3 and the fourth rotary joint 13-4 are all connected to the high-pressure nozzle of the foam generator 10; the first foam gun 15-1 and the second foam gun 15-2 are facing the visual oil pool plate 25 of the pool fire generation system; the third foam gun 15-3 and the fourth foam gun 15-4 are respectively facing the bottom plate 24 of the spreading and converging system and the third liquid flow trough 36-3; the foam baffle 44 is installed on the fifth fixed support frame 12-5, and the fifth fixed support frame 12-5 is detachably installed on the seventh fixed support frame 12-7. The first, second, third, and fourth swivel joints 13-1, 13-2, 13-3, and 13-4 can adjust the orientation angles of the first, second, third, and fourth foam guns 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, and 15-4, respectively.

[0064] Furthermore, the first foam gun 15-1, the second foam gun 15-2, the third foam gun 15-3 and the fourth foam gun 15-4 are each provided with a ball valve, which is used to open and close the ball valve to ensure stable output of the foam liquid.

[0065] By changing the types of the first foam gun 15-1, the second foam gun 15-2, the third foam gun 15-3 and the fourth foam gun 15-4, the adjustment of different spraying areas can be achieved, such as Figure 3As shown, the left side is a slot-type water curtain nozzle, and the right side is a deluge-type water curtain nozzle. By varying the foam spraying parameters (including spraying height, spraying position, spraying area, application method, and foam gun caliber) through the foam spraying subsystem, the dynamic fire extinguishing characteristics of foam under the influence of multiple parameters can be studied. A corresponding relationship between spraying parameters and fire extinguishing characteristic parameters can be established to determine the optimal fire extinguishing efficiency under different spraying parameter combinations. Furthermore, the dynamic cycle of foam "coverage-rupture-gasification-flow" under different spraying parameters can be studied, revealing the mechanism by which spraying parameters influence foam fire extinguishing performance at different stages.

[0066] Furthermore, the wind speed regulation system includes a variable-frequency power blower 35, a wind speed regulator 43, an anemometer 17, and an eighth fixed support frame 12-8. The wind speed regulator 43 includes a blower and an anemometer 17. The blower is mounted on the side of the visible oil pool tray 25 of the pool fire generation system and is used to blow a controlled airflow of size and direction toward the oil pool flame generated by the pool fire generation system. The anemometer 17 is mounted at the blower's outlet to measure the blower's wind speed. The variable-frequency power blower 35 is mounted on the side of the spreading and converging system via the eighth fixed support frame 12-8 and is used to blow a controlled airflow of size and direction toward the flowing flame formed by the spreading and converging system. The variable-frequency power blower 35, the blower, and the anemometer 17 are all coordinated and controlled by a coordinated control system. By placing the blower directly opposite the visible oil pool tray 25, the need for ambient wind speed regulation during the oil pool flame combustion is met. By changing the rotational direction of the internal blades of the variable-frequency power blower 35, wind speed and direction can be controlled during the spreading of the flowing flame.

[0067] Furthermore, the spreading and converging system includes a second liquid flow trough 36-2, a third liquid flow trough 36-3, a fourth liquid flow trough 36-4, an oil collecting trough 22, a first obstacle 23-1, a second obstacle 23-2, a bottom plate 24, a second lifting platform 31-2, a third lifting platform 31-3 and a second movable support platform 32-2; one side of the fourth liquid flow trough 36-4 is waterproofly movably connected to the first liquid flow trough 36-1 of the overflow control system, and the second liquid flow trough 36-2 and the other side of the fourth liquid flow trough 36-4 are waterproofly docked and installed to form a flowing platform; the bottom plate 24 is located on the flowing platform and is used to receive the oil pool flame released by the overflow control system to form a flowing flame; the third liquid flow trough 36-3 is waterproofly docked and installed with the flowing platform, and the oil collecting trough 22 is provided. The device is located in the center of the third liquid flow channel 36-3, with the flowing flames gathered by the oil collection tank 22. The second and third lifting platforms 31-2, 31-3 are both mounted on the second movable support platform 32-2, which adjusts their lateral positions. The bottom of the flowing platform is movably mounted on the second lifting platform 31-2, which adjusts its height. The bottom of the third liquid flow channel 36-3 is movably mounted on the third lifting platform 31-3, which adjusts its height. The first and second obstacles 23-1, 23-2 are both located on the bottom plate 24. By varying the type (including conical and hemispherical shapes) and geometric parameters (including size and depth) of the oil collection tank 22, the phenomenon of flowing fire gathering in complex terrain can be simulated.

[0068] By changing the length and width of the second liquid flow trough 36-2 and the fourth liquid flow trough 36-4, the boundary conditions of the flowing platform are changed, so as to facilitate the replacement of the base plate 24 type (including concrete, wooden boards and sand, etc.) and the obstacle type (such as rectangular and cylindrical, etc.) to change the flowing fire environment factors, thereby simulating the influence of obstacles such as walls and storage tanks that may be encountered during the spread of the flowing fire on its spread shape, area and speed; by adjusting the height of the second lifting platform 31-2 and the third lifting platform 31-3, the slope of the flowing platform is adjusted.

[0069] Furthermore, the first movable support platform 32 - 1 and the second movable support platform 32 - 2 are both slidably mounted on the slide rail 34 to achieve lateral movable installation, thereby facilitating adjustment of the lateral position.

[0070] Furthermore, the image acquisition system includes a high-speed camera 38, a high-frequency infrared thermal imager 37 and a Schlieren instrument 27; the high-speed camera 38 is arranged on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spread and convergence system, and is used to capture images of the morphological changes of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam fire extinguishing agents; the high-frequency infrared thermal imager 37 is arranged on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spread and convergence system, and is used to capture images of the temperature field changes of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam fire extinguishing agents; the Schlieren instrument 27 is arranged on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spread and convergence system, and is used to capture images of the microscopic flow field structure changes of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam fire extinguishing agents; the high-speed camera 38, the high-frequency infrared thermal imager 37 and the Schlieren instrument 27 are all coordinated and controlled by the coordinated control system.

[0071] High-speed cameras 38 were used to capture images of the flame morphology evolution inside and outside the visual oil pool tray 25, the disturbance caused by the foam on the oil layer surface, and the flame deformation process, enabling research on the flame propagation characteristics and influencing patterns during the oil pool fire combustion process. High-speed cameras 38 were also used to capture images of the flow platform's flow fire spread, the flame morphology evolution, the thickness changes caused by the foam on the oil layer surface, and the flame deformation process, enabling research on the flame propagation characteristics and influencing patterns during the flow fire combustion process, as well as the three-phase foam extinguishing mechanism and spread patterns of the flow fire. High-speed cameras 38 were used to capture images of the flame morphology evolution inside and outside the oil collection tank 22, the disturbance caused by the foam on the oil layer surface, and the flame deformation process, enabling research on the flame propagation characteristics and influencing patterns during the flow fire combustion and accumulation process.

[0072] A high-frequency infrared thermal imager 37 captures images of the temperature distribution and evolution of the internal and external oil pool tray 25, as well as the temperature distribution of the foam liquid on the oil layer surface. This allows for research into the temperature distribution and heat conduction patterns of the high-temperature flame during the oil pool fire combustion process. Simultaneously, the high-frequency infrared thermal imager 37 captures images of the temperature distribution and evolution of the flowing fire on the flowing platform, as well as the temperature distribution and evolution of the foam liquid on the oil layer surface. This allows for research into the temperature distribution and heat conduction patterns of the high-temperature flame during the flowing fire combustion process. A high-speed camera 38 captures images of the temperature distribution and evolution of the internal and external oil collection tank 22, as well as the temperature distribution of the foam liquid on the oil layer surface. This allows for research into the temperature distribution and heat conduction patterns of the high-temperature flame during the flowing fire combustion process.

[0073] The Schlieren instrument 27 captures images of the evolution of the microscopic flow field structure inside and outside the visualized oil pool plate 25, as well as the transformation of the microscopic flow field structure after the foam liquid acts on the oil layer surface to disturb it. This allows analysis of the flow process of combustible vapor generated during liquid fuel combustion, thereby enabling research on the combustion mechanism of oil pool fires and the foam fire extinguishing mechanism. The Schlieren instrument 27 captures the evolution of the microscopic flow field structure inside and outside the flowing platform as a flowing fire spreads, as well as the transformation of the microscopic flow field structure as the foam liquid acts on the oil layer surface to analyze the combustion mechanism of flowing fires and the foam fire extinguishing mechanism. The Schlieren instrument 27 captures the evolution of the microscopic flow field structure inside and outside the oil collection tank 22, as well as the transformation of the microscopic flow field structure as the foam liquid acts on the oil layer surface to analyze the combustion mechanism of concentrated flowing fires and the foam fire extinguishing mechanism.

[0074] Furthermore, the temperature acquisition system includes a first high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-1, a second high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-2, a third high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-3 and a fourth high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-4; the radiation heat flux acquisition system includes a first radiation heat flux meter 18-1, a second radiation heat flux meter 18-2, a third radiation heat flux meter 18-3 and a fourth radiation heat flux meter 18-4; the first high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-1 is installed on the fourth fixed support frame 12-4 through the second fixing buckle 16-2, and the first high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-1 is distributed above the center of the visual oil pool plate 25 The second high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-2, the third high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-3 and the fourth high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-4 are respectively installed on the sides of the fourth liquid flow trough 36-4, the second liquid flow trough 36-2 and the third liquid flow trough 36-3 of the diffusion and convergence system, and the second high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-2, the third high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-3 and the fourth high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-4 are respectively distributed at different heights above the center of the fourth liquid flow trough 36-4, different heights above the center of the second liquid flow trough 36-2 and the diffusion and convergence system. At different height positions above the center of the oil collecting tank 22; the first radiation heat flux meter 18-1 is installed at different positions on the fourth fixed support frame 12-4 through the third fixing buckle 16-3, and the first radiation heat flux meter 18-1 faces the oil pool flame above the visual oil pool plate 25 of the pool fire generation system; the second radiation heat flux meter 18-2, the third radiation heat flux meter 18-3 and the fourth radiation heat flux meter 18-4 are respectively installed at different height positions on the sides of the fourth liquid flow tank 36-4, the second liquid flow tank 36-2 and the third liquid flow tank 36-3 of the spreading and converging system, and the second radiation heat flux meter 18 -2, the third radiation heat flux meter 18-3 and the fourth radiation heat flux meter 18-4 are horizontally pointed to the center above the fourth liquid flow trough 36-4, the center above the second liquid flow trough 36-2 and the center above the oil collecting tank 22 of the spreading and converging system respectively; the first high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-1, the second high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-2, the third high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-3, the fourth high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-4, the first radiation heat flux meter 18-1, the second radiation heat flux meter 18-2, the third radiation heat flux meter 18-3 and the fourth radiation heat flux meter 18-4 are all coordinated and controlled by the coordinated control system.

[0075] like Figure 5As shown, there are five first high-frequency temperature thermocouples 19-1, which are arranged at five height positions A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 on the side of the visual oil pool tray 25 from top to bottom. The height of position A5 from the center of the liquid level of the visual oil pool tray 25 is 100 mm, the vertical distance between position A4 and position A5 is 150 mm, the vertical distance between position A3 and position A4 is 150 mm, the vertical distance between position A3 and position A2 is 200 mm, and the vertical distance between position A1 and position A2 is 200 mm, so as to collect the temperature distribution changes of the flame combustion and dynamic fire extinguishing process of the oil pools at different heights;

[0076] There are three second high-frequency temperature thermocouples 19-2, which are arranged at three height positions A6, A7 and A8 above the center of the fourth liquid flow channel 36-4 from top to bottom. The height of the A8 position from the liquid level of the fourth liquid flow channel 36-4 is 100 mm, the vertical distance between the A7 position and the A8 position is 150 mm, and the vertical distance between the A6 position and the A7 position is 200 mm.

[0077] There are three third high-frequency temperature thermocouples 19-3, which are arranged at three height positions A9, A10 and A11 above the center of the second liquid flow trough 36-2 from top to bottom. The height of position A11 from the liquid level of the second liquid flow trough 36-2 is 100 mm, the vertical distance between positions A10 and A11 is 150 mm, and the vertical distance between positions A9 and A10 is 200 mm.

[0078] The second high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-2 and the third high-frequency temperature thermocouple 19-3 are used to collect temperature distribution changes of the flowing fire spreading combustion and dynamic fire extinguishing process at different positions and heights;

[0079] There are three fourth high-frequency temperature thermocouples 19-4, which are arranged from top to bottom at three height positions A12, A13 and A14 above the center of the third liquid flow trough 36-3. The height of A14 position from the upper slot of the oil collecting tank 22 is 100mm, the vertical spacing between A13 position and A14 position is 150mm, and the vertical spacing between A12 position and A13 position is 200mm, so as to collect the temperature distribution changes of the flowing fire accumulation combustion and dynamic fire extinguishing process at different heights.

[0080] like Figure 5As shown, there are three first radiation heat flux meters 18-1, all of which are arranged on the side of the visual oil pool tray 25, and all point horizontally above the center of the liquid surface of the visual oil pool tray 25, among which the horizontal distance between position B3 and the edge of the visual oil pool tray 25 is 100 mm, the horizontal distance between position B2 and position B3 is 150 mm, and position B3 is closer to the visual oil pool tray 25, the height of position B2 is 200 mm greater than the height of position B3, the horizontal distance between position B1 and position B3 is 250 mm, and position B1 is farther away from the visual oil pool tray 25; thereby collecting the thermal radiation change trend during the combustion and dynamic fire extinguishing of oil pools at different positions and heights.

[0081] There are three second radiation heat flux meters 18-2, which are arranged at three height positions B4, B5 and B6 on the side of the fourth liquid flow channel 36-4 from top to bottom, and all point horizontally above the center of the liquid surface of the fourth liquid flow channel 36-4. The height of position B6 from the liquid surface is 100 mm, the height difference between positions B5 and B6 is 150 mm, and the height difference between positions B4 and B5 is 250 mm.

[0082] There are three third radiation heat flux meters 18-3, which are arranged at three height positions B7, B8 and B9 on the side of the second liquid flow tank 36-2 from top to bottom, and all point horizontally above the center of the liquid surface of the second liquid flow tank 36-2. The height of position B9 is 100mm from the liquid surface, the height difference between positions B8 and B9 is 150mm, and the height difference between positions B7 and B8 is 250mm.

[0083] The second radiation heat flux meter 18 - 2 and the third radiation heat flux meter 18 - 3 can be used to collect the thermal radiation variation trend during the spread of flowing fire at different positions and heights and the dynamic fire extinguishing process.

[0084] There are three fourth radiation heat flux meters 18-4, which are arranged at three height positions B10, B11 and B12 on the side of the third liquid flow trough 36-3 from top to bottom, and all point horizontally to the center of the oil collection tank 22. Among them, the B12 position is 100 mm above the upper notch of the oil collection tank 22, the height difference between the B11 position and the B12 position is 150 mm, and the height difference between the B10 position and the B11 position is 250 mm, so as to collect the thermal radiation change trend of the flowing fire accumulation combustion and dynamic fire extinguishing process at different heights.

[0085] Furthermore, the gas concentration collection system includes a first gas concentration analyzer 20-1, a second gas concentration analyzer 20-2 and a third gas concentration analyzer 20-3; the air velocity collection system includes a plurality of pitot tubes 21; the first gas concentration analyzer 20-1, the second gas concentration analyzer 20-2 and the third gas concentration analyzer 20-3 are respectively installed on the sides of the fourth liquid flow tank 36-4, the second liquid flow tank 36-2 and the third liquid flow tank 36-3, and the first gas concentration analyzer 20-1, the second gas concentration analyzer 20-2 and the third gas concentration analyzer 20-3 are respectively installed on the sides of the fourth liquid flow tank 36-4, the second liquid flow tank 36-2 and the third liquid flow tank 36-3. -2 and the third gas concentration analyzer 20-3 are horizontally pointed to above the center of the fourth liquid flow trough 36-4, above the center of the second liquid flow trough 36-2 and above the center of the oil collecting trough 22 of the spreading and converging system respectively; the Pitot tube 21 is installed on the side of the third liquid flow trough 36-3, and the Pitot tube 21 is horizontally pointed to above the center of the oil collecting trough 22 of the spreading and converging system; the first gas concentration analyzer 20-1, the second gas concentration analyzer 20-2, the third gas concentration analyzer 20-3 and the Pitot tube 21 are all coordinated and controlled by the coordinated control system.

[0086] like Figure 5 As shown, there are three first gas concentration analyzers 20-1, which are arranged at three height positions C1, C2 and C3 on the side of the fourth liquid flow channel 36-4 from top to bottom, and all point horizontally above the center of the liquid level of the fourth liquid flow channel 36-4. The height of position C3 is 100 mm from the liquid level of the fourth liquid flow channel 36-4, the height difference between positions C2 and C3 is 150 mm, and the height difference between positions C1 and C2 is 250 mm.

[0087] There are three second gas concentration analyzers 20-2, which are arranged at three height positions C4, C5 and C6 on the side of the second liquid flow tank 36-2 from top to bottom, and all point horizontally above the center of the liquid level of the second liquid flow tank 36-2. The height of position C6 is 100mm from the liquid level of the second liquid flow tank 36-2, the height difference between positions C5 and C6 is 150mm, and the height difference between positions C4 and C5 is 250mm.

[0088] The first gas concentration analyzer 20-1 and the second gas concentration analyzer 20-2 are used to collect the combustible gas concentration change trend during the flow fire spread and dynamic fire extinguishing process at different positions and heights, and then analyze the flow fire spread combustion mechanism and the fire extinguishing performance test of the foam fire extinguishing agent.

[0089] There are three third gas concentration analyzers 20-3, which are arranged at three height positions C7, C8 and C9 on the side of the third liquid flow trough 36-3 from top to bottom, and all point horizontally above the center of the oil collecting tank 22. Among them, the C9 position is 100 mm above the upper notch of the oil collecting tank 22, the height difference between the C8 position and the C9 position is 150 mm, and the height difference between the C7 position and the C8 position is 250 mm.

[0090] The third gas concentration analyzer 20-3 is used to collect the trend of combustible gas concentration changes during the accumulation and combustion of flowing fires at different heights and the dynamic fire extinguishing process, and then the accumulation and combustion mechanism of flowing fires and the fire extinguishing performance of foam fire extinguishing agents can be analyzed.

[0091] like Figure 5 As shown, three Pitot tubes 21 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom on the side of the third liquid flow tank 36-3, and are used to detect three height positions D1, D2 and D3 above the center of the oil collection tank 22 respectively; the height of the position D3 from the top of the notch of the oil collection tank 22 is 100 mm, the height difference between the positions D2 and D3 is 150 mm, and the height difference between the positions D1 and D2 is 250 mm; the three Pitot tubes 21 are used to collect the air flow rate change law during the flowing fire aggregation combustion process at different heights and positions, and then analyze the corresponding relationship between air flow rate and flame height, and establish a theoretical model of the characteristics of the flowing fire combustion aggregation flame, as shown in formula (4).

[0092] The corresponding formula of flame height, oil collecting tank geometric parameters and air flow rate:

[0093]

[0094] Where: H is the flame height; S j is the oil accumulation tank area; h j is the depth of the oil collecting tank; v a is the air flow rate; Q1 is the leakage flow rate; t1 is the leakage time.

[0095] The first gas concentration analyzer 20-1 and the second gas concentration analyzer 20-2 are used to collect the combustible gas concentration change trends during the spreading and dynamic fire extinguishing of flowing flames at different positions and heights, and then analyze the flowing flame spreading combustion mechanism and the fire extinguishing performance of the foam fire extinguishing agent; the third gas concentration analyzer 20-3 is used to collect the combustible gas concentration change trends during the gathering combustion and dynamic fire extinguishing of flowing flames at different heights, and then analyze the flowing flame gathering combustion mechanism and the fire extinguishing performance of the foam fire extinguishing agent; the multiple Pitot tubes 21 are used to collect the air flow rate change rules during the gathering combustion of flowing flames at different heights and positions, and then analyze the corresponding relationship between air flow rate and flame height, and establish a theoretical model of the flowing flame combustion and gathering flame characteristics.

[0096] Furthermore, the oil film thickness acquisition system includes four sets of ultrasonic thickness gauges; the flow and spread monitoring system includes a high-speed camera 38, a high-definition camera 39 and a sixth fixed support frame 12-6; the four sets of ultrasonic thickness gauges are respectively installed at the bottom center of the first liquid flow trough 36-1 of the overflow control, the bottom center of the second liquid flow trough 36-2 of the spread and convergence system, the bottom center of the third liquid flow trough 36-3 and the bottom center of the fourth liquid flow trough 36-4, for respectively collecting the oil film thickness at the corresponding positions; the high-speed camera 38 is set on the side of the flow platform of the spread and convergence system, for collecting images of the diffusion behavior of the tracer particles 45 on the bottom plate 24 during the combustion process of the flowing fire; the high-definition camera 39 is installed on the seventh fixed support frame 12-7 through the sixth fixed support frame 12-6, for collecting images of the diffusion behavior of the foam liquid on the bottom plate 24 on the surface of the flowing fire; the four sets of ultrasonic thickness gauges, the high-speed camera 38 and the high-definition camera 39 are all coordinated and controlled by the coordinated control system.

[0097] Ultrasonic waves propagate within the fuel layer. When they reach the bottom of the fuel layer, some of their energy is reflected back, forming the first echo. As the ultrasound waves continue to propagate upward to the top of the fuel layer, some of their energy is also reflected, forming a second echo. The time difference between these two echoes reflects the propagation time of the ultrasound waves within the fuel layer. Since the propagation speed of ultrasound waves is constant in different media, the oil film thickness can be calculated by multiplying the wave speed by the propagation time.

[0098] like Figure 6 As shown, the first group of ultrasonic thickness gauges are installed at positions E1, E2 and E3 on the bottom of the first liquid flow trough 36-1, where E1, E2 and E3 are located on the transverse center line of the bottom of the first liquid flow trough 36-1, and the adjacent positions are 200 mm apart; the second group of ultrasonic thickness gauges and the third group of ultrasonic thickness gauges are installed at positions E4, E5, E6 and E7 on the bottom of the second liquid flow trough 36-2 and the third liquid flow trough 36-3, where E4, E5, E6 and E7 are located on the transverse center line of the bottom of the second liquid flow trough 36-2 and the third liquid flow trough 36-3, and the adjacent positions are 300 mm apart; the fourth group of ultrasonic thickness gauges are installed at positions E8 and E9 on the bottom of the third liquid flow trough 36-3, where E8 and E9 are located on the left and right sides of the oil collecting tank 22, respectively. The oil film thickness acquisition system enables research on the dynamic variation of oil film thickness during the spread of a flowing fire, and establishes a quantitative relationship model between diffusion rate and oil film thickness, providing a theoretical basis for predicting the spread of a flowing fire. Furthermore, it enables research on the effects of different obstacle geometric parameters on oil film thickness during the spread of a flowing fire, as well as the effects of pit geometric parameters on oil film thickness during the accumulation of a flowing fire.

[0099] Tracer particles 45 (such as titanium dioxide particles, aluminum oxide particles, and polystyrene spheres) are visible particles that move with the fluid. The flow-spread monitoring system allows for the study of the correlation between leakage flow and diffusion rate during the spread of a flowing fire under multiple operating conditions, as well as the mechanism by which obstacle geometry affects the diffusion rate. Furthermore, the system allows for the study of the correlation between foam spray pressure and flow rate and foam diffusion rate during the extinguishing of a flowing fire using foam liquid under multiple operating conditions, and establishes a three-phase foam spreading model on an oil surface.

[0100] According to the experimental method provided by the present invention and the collection of experimental data of its key parameters (including oil film thickness, oil film flow rate, foam thickness, foam flow rate, etc.), the flowing fire combustion diffusion model formula (5) under multiple working conditions is improved, and the "three-phase foam-oil layer" diffusion and spread model formula (6) and the three-phase foam fire extinguishing performance prediction formula (7) are proposed.

[0101] The formula of the flowing fire combustion diffusion model under multiple working conditions is:

[0102]

[0103] Where: v o1 is the vertical oil layer spreading rate, v o2 is the lateral oil layer spreading rate, Q1 is the fuel leakage, δ is the oil layer thickness, θ is the slope, V is the wind speed, S1 is the diffusion area, ε is the bottom plate roughness, and q is the radiation heat flux density.

[0104] In actual situations, the diffusion shape of a flowing fire is irregular and its area is difficult to measure. From a safety perspective, the present invention calculates the diffusion area as approximately a rectangle. Although this will reduce the accuracy of the model, it can better meet the safety prevention requirements of flowing fire in real situations.

[0105] x o1 =v o1 t1 x o2 =v o2 t1 S1=x o1 x o2

[0106] Where: x o1 is the maximum vertical diffusion distance of the oil layer, x o2 is the maximum lateral diffusion distance of the oil layer, t1 is the leakage time, and S1 is the diffusion area.

[0107] The formula for the “three-phase foam-oil layer” diffusion model is:

[0108]

[0109] Where: v o1' is the vertical oil layer spreading rate after adding foam, v o2 ' is the lateral oil layer spreading rate after adding foam, Q1 is the leakage amount, δ is the oil layer thickness, θ is the slope, V is the wind speed, Q is the foaming agent flow rate, h is the spraying height, ε is the bottom plate roughness, and q' is the radiation heat flux density after adding foam.

[0110] x o1 =v o1 t2+v o1 't3

[0111] x o2 =v o2 t2+v o2 't3

[0112] t1=t2+t3

[0113] S1=x o1 x o2

[0114] Where: t1 is the total leakage time, t2 is the leakage time of the oil layer without adding foam, and t3 is the leakage time of the oil layer after adding foam.

[0115] The prediction formula for three-phase foam fire extinguishing performance is:

[0116]

[0117] Where: v f1 is the longitudinal diffusion rate of foam, v f2 is the lateral diffusion rate of foam, p is the spraying pressure, μ is the viscosity of foam liquid, and K is the gas-liquid ratio.

[0118] x f1 =v f1 t

[0119] x f2 =v f2 t

[0120] Where: x f1 is the maximum longitudinal diffusion distance of the foam, x f2 is the maximum lateral diffusion distance of foam, and t is the time of adding foam.

[0121] When x f1 ≥x o1 When the fire extinguishing time is t, the amount of foam agent used is m.

[0122] m=Qt(8)

[0123] Furthermore, the coordinated control system includes a data collector 40 and a control host 41, which are used to realize data acquisition of the image acquisition system, temperature acquisition system, radiation heat flow acquisition system, gas concentration acquisition system, air flow rate acquisition system, oil film thickness acquisition system, flow and spread monitoring system, as well as coordinated control of the foam fire extinguishing system, pool fire generation system, overflow control system and wind speed regulation system.

[0124] The experimental and performance testing technical process of the present invention is as follows:

[0125] (1) Instrument inspection: Check whether the experimental device is connected properly, check whether the overflow tanks are connected properly, and determine the flow slope and obstacle parameters. Open the foam generation control panel and check whether the pressure gauges and flow meters are normal. Open the fire water valve and check whether the pressure gauges in the gas supply pressure control system, foam generation system, solid phase particle injection system, foam spraying system, liquid flow meter, liquid flow meter, solenoid valve, etc. are operating normally. Adjust the program control and data acquisition system, and check whether the high-frequency temperature thermocouple, radiation heat flow meter, pitot tube, gas concentration analyzer and other devices are operating normally.

[0126] (2) Adjust the image acquisition system: Fix the position of the high-speed camera and infrared thermal imager, adjust the shooting angle, and ensure that the desired image is presented within the shooting area. Adjust the aperture and focal length to obtain the best shooting clarity and set the acquisition parameters. Test whether the synchronization controller is working properly and adjust the schlieren instrument to the appropriate position.

[0127] (3) Adjust the oil supply system: adjust the oil supply rate by adjusting the speed of the peristaltic pump, and turn the peristaltic pump on and off through the program control and data acquisition system and synchronous controller.

[0128] (4) Adjust the program control system: set the corresponding startup control program in the program control and data acquisition system, determine the parameter settings such as data acquisition and wind speed, and adjust the synchronization controller to make each system execute synchronously.

[0129] (5) Experimental preparation: First, add fire water to the foam premix tank, add the foam stock liquid to the foam stock liquid tank, open the foam stock liquid tank valve, add it to the foam liquid premix tank, add the powder to the foam liquid through the foam generator console, turn on the mechanical stirrer for uniform mixing, then turn on the axial flow pump through the foam generator console, pump the foam liquid into the foam generator, turn on the air supply pressure control system, and prepare three-phase foam. At this time, the valves of each foam gun are in the closed state.

[0130] (6) Oil pool fire combustion experiment: The electric lifting plate is closed, and the peristaltic pump is turned on to pump oil into the visual oil pool to an appropriate height and ignite it. The foam spraying time is controlled by the foam gun valve.

[0131] (7) Flowing fire combustion device: Open the electric lifting plate, control the leakage port area, turn on the peristaltic pump to pump oil into the visual oil pool. When the oil reaches a certain height, it flows out of the leakage port and enters the flow platform composed of the overflow tank. The ignition time can be controlled according to the experimental requirements. The foam spraying time is controlled by the foam gun valve.

[0132] (8) Flowing fire gathering combustion device: When the flowing fire spreads into the pit, the flowing gathering phenomenon occurs. The foam spraying time is controlled by the foam gun valve.

[0133] (9) Control data collection and storage through program control and data acquisition system and synchronization controller.

[0134] (10) After the experiment is completed, the experimental device should be purged and cleaned.

[0135] In order to verify the feasibility of the experimental device disclosed in the present invention, the following relevant experiments were conducted:

[0136] (1) Comparative experiment on dynamic foam fire extinguishing process

[0137] The foam fire extinguishing process can be divided into four stages: oil pool pre-combustion, foam release, foam fire control and flame extinguishing. Figure 7 As shown, during the pre-combustion phase (t = 0s), the flame spread rapidly on the gasoline surface and reached a stable flame temperature and height. During the foam release phase (t = 0-4s), the flames in both experiments showed a significant intensification. This was due to the vaporization of the aqueous foam upon contact with the high-temperature oil surface, producing a large amount of combustible azeotropic mixture. During the foam fire control phase (t = 4-16s), the results showed that both foams had an inhibitory effect on gasoline flames. As the foam spread on the liquid fuel surface to form a foam coating, the flame height gradually decreased, turning from orange-red to bright white, and at 16s, the flame height decreased to 300mm. This is because the foam absorbs heat and vaporizes within the burning flame. During the fire extinguishing phase (t = 16-20s), the foam thickness continued to increase and covered the entire tank, causing the flame to be completely extinguished.

[0138] (2) Experiment on temperature field change during foam fire extinguishing process

[0139] The addition of foam concentrate has a significant effect on the temperature field distribution during the foam fire extinguishing process, and as the concentration increases, the flame temperature field shows a decreasing trend. Figure 8As shown in the figure, when R=0, the foam exhibits a significant inhibitory effect on the flame. 8s after the foam is applied, the flame height drops significantly and the maximum temperature drops from 946°C to 837°C. When t=16s, the oil pool flame temperature drops rapidly. When R=0.1%, the effect of foam on reducing the flame temperature is even more significant. 8s after the foam is applied, the flame temperature shows a significant decrease (to 796°C) and the outline is significantly reduced. As the foam continues to be applied, 12s after the foam is applied, the local flame temperature near the top of the oil pool drops rapidly to below 600°C. Afterwards, the temperature field gradually disappears as the flame extinguishes.

[0140] (3) Temperature comparison experiment of foam fire extinguishing process

[0141] like Figure 9 As shown, during the pre-combustion phase, the flame temperatures of the three groups were similar. After 60 seconds of pre-combustion, the flame temperature curves showed a significant increase after the application of foam. This is because the foam ruptures and evaporates upon contact with the high-temperature flame, forming a large combustible mixture with the fuel vapor. This temporarily increases the oxygen supply to the flame and increases flame turbulence, leading to an increase in flame temperature. As the foam is applied, the flame temperature begins to decrease. When R = 0 and 0.1%, the foam extinguishing time is 25 seconds and 22 seconds, respectively.

[0142] (4) Comparative experiment of foam fire extinguishing process under different wind speeds

[0143] The ambient wind speed has a significant impact on the flame morphology and structure during the fire extinguishing process. Figure 10 As shown, in a windless environment, after foam is applied to the oil surface, the flame briefly intensifies. As the foam is released, the main flame structure remains intact, but its height gradually decreases, ultimately extinguishing after 18 seconds of continuous foam release. Under ambient wind conditions, the foam extinguishing time initially increases and then decreases. When the velocity is 2.5 m / s ≤ v ≤ 3.0 m / s, crosswind flow enhances the oxygen supply, leading to an increase in the gasoline combustion rate and a prolonged extinguishing time. When the velocity is 3.0 m / s ≤ v ≤ 3.5 m / s, the duration of the flame intensification caused by foam application decreases during the initial extinguishing phase. This is due to the gradually increasing flame inclination angle, which stretches the flame downwind and reduces its thermal radiation intensity to the oil surface. Simultaneously, the increased convective heat transfer accelerates the dissipation of combustion heat, lowering the oil surface temperature and thus suppressing the degree of fuel boil-over. As the foam is released, the flame front develops a fragmented structure, and with increasing wind speed, the fragmentation increases and the fragmentation time is shortened. This is due to the oil surface sealing effect of the foam, which inhibits fuel evaporation, thereby reducing the concentration of combustible vapors in the flame plume. At the same time, the large amount of cold air under the influence of crosswind further dilutes the concentration of combustible vapor at the front of the flame, making it insufficient to form a continuous flame. The fragmented structure of the flame increases the surface area in contact with the cold air, further accelerating the extinction of the flame and shortening the foam fire extinguishing time.

[0144] (5) Experiment on temperature change during foam fire extinguishing process under different wind speeds

[0145] like Figure 11 As shown in the figure, ambient wind speed significantly affects the temperature variation during the foam extinguishing process. As the ambient wind speed increases, the heat flux of the flame decreases at the same location, which is manifested as an increase in the temperature difference measured by adjacent thermocouples and a sparser flame temperature curve. Under the influence of the ambient wind, the flame is elongated and its surface area increases. At the same time, the higher wind speed weakens the flame's thermal radiation effect on the oil pool, thereby reducing its mass loss rate and the heat released by combustion. During the flame decay stage, as the ambient wind speed increases, the convective heat transfer effect is enhanced, resulting in a continuous increase in flame heat dissipation. Therefore, the thermal radiation effect on the foam is reduced, allowing it to form a thicker cover layer on the oil surface. The flame temperature is affected by the dual effects of wind speed and foam cooling, which accelerates its decline rate.

[0146] (6) Comparative experiment of foam fire extinguishing process under different gas-liquid ratios

[0147] like Figure 12 As shown in the figure, a comparison of flame images reveals that the gas-liquid ratio significantly affects the flame extinguishing properties of foam at all stages of the fire extinguishing process. First, in the initial extinguishing phase (t < 11 s), the foam exhibits excellent fire control performance at gas-liquid ratios of 4 and 8, with flame heights decreasing by 64.2% and 57.1%, respectively, 8 s after foam release. When Q = 12, the flame height does not change significantly. During the flame extinguishing phase (t ≥ 11 s), a large amount of vapor appears above the flame at a gas-liquid ratio of 4, and the flame height increases slightly after 14 s. This is because, while foam exhibits faster fire control at a low gas-liquid ratio, its thermal stability is poor, leading to significant foam rupture and evaporation under the influence of flame heat radiation. Simultaneously, some of the precipitate sinks to the bottom of the oil, preventing the foam from maintaining a stable state on the oil surface and reducing its fire extinguishing effectiveness. When Q = 8, the foam extinguishes the fire faster, and the precipitate vapor significantly increases as the flame extinguishes. When Q=12, the foam bursting speed slows down and the steam volume decreases, and the fire control and fire extinguishing capabilities are weaker than those of foams with gas-liquid ratios of 4 and 8. This is because when the liquid content is low, the foam has poor fluidity and a relatively stable shape. In the later stage of fire extinguishing, fire extinguishing mainly relies on foam accumulation.

[0148] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0149] (1) The present invention can achieve a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the flame characteristics, characteristic parameters (such as temperature, radiant heat, flow field microstructure, etc.) during the combustion process of oil pool fires and their evolution process under the coupling of multiple physical fields, revealing the combustion mechanism of the "combustion-heat radiation-heat feedback" dynamic combustion process of oil pool fires. At the same time, the three-phase foam dynamic fire extinguishing process and the distribution and transient transformation of combustion characteristic parameters when it acts on the oil layer surface are studied, revealing the fire extinguishing mechanism and fire extinguishing efficiency research under the dynamic cycle process of foam "covering-rupture-flow"; at the same time, a prediction model for oil pool fire combustion characteristics, foam agent flow rate, oil pool fire combustion scale and fire extinguishing time under multiple working conditions is established.

[0150] (2) The present invention can achieve in-depth analysis of the distribution and evolution of flame characteristics, combustion characteristic parameters and diffusion and spread parameters during the combustion process of flowing fire, and reveal the combustion mechanism of the flowing fire under the dynamic combustion process of "flow-combustion-heat and mass transfer" under the coupling of multiple physical fields. At the same time, the dynamic fire extinguishing process of three-phase foam extinguishing flowing fire is studied, and the evolution of flame and flow field under the coupling of multiple physical fields is comprehensively analyzed to reveal the fire extinguishing mechanism and fire extinguishing efficiency under the coupling of the dynamic cycle process of foam "covering-rupture-flow" and the dynamic combustion process of flowing fire "flow-combustion-heat and mass transfer". Comprehensively analyze the diffusion and spread law of flowing fire under the conditions of multiple influencing factors and the corresponding relationship between the combustion parameters and the performance parameters of the three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent in the dynamic fire extinguishing process of three-phase foam extinguishing flowing fire, and summarize and improve the diffusion and spread model of flowing fire.

[0151] (3) The present invention can deeply study the flame characteristics, characteristic parameter distribution and evolution in the process of flowing fire aggregation combustion, reveal its combustion and spread mechanism under the coupling effect of "flow-combustion-aggregation-heat and mass transfer" according to the combustion characteristics law under different influencing factors, and establish a prediction model of air flow rate and flame height. At the same time, the dynamic fire extinguishing process of three-phase foam extinguishing flowing fire aggregation is studied, the evolution of flame and flow field under the coupling effect of multi-physical fields is comprehensively analyzed, the development law and corresponding relationship between combustion parameters and performance parameters of three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent are clarified, and the fire extinguishing mechanism and fire extinguishing efficiency research under the coupling effect of foam "covering-rupture-flow" dynamic cycle process and flowing convergent fire "flow-combustion-aggregation-heat and mass transfer" dynamic combustion process are revealed.

[0152] (4) The present invention can flexibly adjust the gas, liquid, and solid phase components and their related parameters (such as gas type, flow rate, pressure, liquid flow rate, foam liquid type and ratio, solid type, concentration, particle size, etc.) in the three-phase foam, as well as change the nozzle diameter, position, application method, height and other influencing factors to further explore the mechanism of their influence on the fire extinguishing performance of the three-phase foam. At the same time, a prediction model for the fire extinguishing performance of the three-phase foam on oil pool fires and flowing fires, the required foam agent dosage, and the flow spread distance is established, thereby providing a comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the fire extinguishing effect of the three-phase foam.

[0153] (5) Compared with traditional experimental devices, the present invention has the characteristics of novel design scheme and diverse experimental content, namely, multiple variable parameters, good visualization effect, and intuitive display of experimental results, which provides theoretical guidance and technical support for fire safety protection design.

[0154] (6) The present invention has a reasonable structure, stable performance, and is easy to operate, which facilitates the testing of three-phase foam fire extinguishing performance and the study of influencing factors and mechanisms.

[0155] As described above, although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the present invention itself. Various changes may be made to it in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. An experimental device for the dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leakage and overflow in petrochemical enterprises and extinguishing oil pool / flowing fire with three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent, characterized by: Including foam fire extinguishing system, pool fire generation system, overflow control system, wind speed regulation system, spread convergence system, image acquisition system, temperature acquisition system, radiation heat flow acquisition system, gas concentration acquisition system, air velocity acquisition system, oil film thickness acquisition system, flow spread monitoring system and coordination control system; The pool fire generation system is used to generate oil pool flames and adjust the flame position; the overflow control system is set on the pool fire generation system, and is used to release the oil pool flames to the spreading and converging system to form a flowing flame; the spreading and converging system is connected to the pool fire generation system, and is used to receive and converge the oil pool flames released by the overflow control system to form a flowing flame; the foam fire extinguishing system is used to generate foam fire extinguishing agent and spray the foam fire extinguishing agent on the oil pool flames generated by the pool fire generation system and the flowing flames formed on the spreading and converging system; the wind speed adjustment system is set on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spreading and converging system , used to adjust the wind speed and direction of the oil pool flame generated by the pool fire generation system and the flowing flame formed on the spreading and converging system; the image acquisition system is set on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spreading and converging system, and is used to capture images of the morphological changes, temperature field changes and microscopic flow field structure changes of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam extinguishing agents; the temperature acquisition system is set on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spreading and converging system, and is used to capture multi-point temperatures of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam extinguishing agents; radiant heat The flow collection system is set on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spread and convergence system, and is used to collect multi-point thermal radiation of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam fire extinguishing agent; the gas concentration collection system is set on the side of the spread and convergence system, and is used to collect multi-point combustible gas concentration of the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of foam fire extinguishing agent; the air flow rate collection system is set on the side of the spread and convergence system, and is used to collect multi-point air flow rate of the flowing flame during the combustion process; the oil film thickness collection system is set on the spread and convergence system, and is used to collect the air flow rate of the flowing flame during the combustion process. The thickness of the oil film of the flowing flame is collected at multiple points; the flow and spread monitoring system is set on the side of the spread and convergence system, and is used to collect images of the diffusion behavior of the flowing flame during the combustion and diffusion process, as well as the diffusion behavior of the foam fire extinguishing agent on the surface of the flowing fire; the coordination control system is used to coordinate and control the foam fire extinguishing system, pool fire generation system, overflow control system, wind speed regulation system, spread and convergence system, image acquisition system, temperature acquisition system, radiation heat flow acquisition system, gas concentration acquisition system, air flow rate acquisition system, oil film thickness acquisition system and flow and spread monitoring system.

2. The experimental device for the dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leakage and overflow in petrochemical enterprises and extinguishing oil pool / flowing fire with three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 is characterized by: The pool fire generation system comprises a visual oil pool pan (25), an electronic balance (30), a heat insulation board (14), a first lifting platform (31-1), a first mobile support platform (32-1), and an oil supply subsystem; the first lifting platform (31-1) is installed on the first mobile support platform (32-1), and the first mobile support platform (32-1) adjusts the lateral position of the first lifting platform (31-1); the electronic balance (30) is installed on the first lifting platform (31-1), and the height of the electronic balance (30) is adjusted by the first lifting platform (31-1); the heat insulation board (14) is arranged on the weighing platform of the electronic balance (30), the visual oil pool pan (25) is arranged on the heat insulation board (14), and the electronic balance (30) performs real-time weighing on the visual oil pool pan (25); the oil supply subsystem is connected to the visual oil pool pan (25) and is used for conveying oil products into the visual oil pool pan (25); the oil supply subsystem is coordinated and controlled by a coordinated control system.

3. The experimental device for the dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leakage and overflow in petrochemical enterprises and extinguishing oil pool / flowing fire with three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 2 is characterized by: The overflow control system comprises an electric lifting plate (33) and a first liquid flow trough (36-1); an overflow outlet is provided on the side of the visual oil pool tray (25); the electric lifting plate (33) is installed in a lifting manner at the overflow outlet for adjusting the size of the overflow outlet; one end of the first liquid flow trough (36-1) is waterproofly movably connected to the overflow outlet for receiving the oil pool flame released from the overflow outlet; the electric lifting plate (33) is coordinated and controlled by a coordinated control system.

4. The experimental device for the dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leakage and overflow in petrochemical enterprises and extinguishing oil pool / flowing fire with three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 is characterized by: The foam fire extinguishing system comprises a foam generation control panel (42), an air supply pressure control subsystem, a premixing subsystem, a foam generation subsystem and a foam spraying subsystem; the air supply pressure control subsystem is respectively connected with the premixing subsystem and the foam generation subsystem, and is used to inject high-pressure air into the solid phase particle injection subsystem and the foam generation subsystem; the premixing subsystem is connected with the foam generation subsystem, and the premixing subsystem is used to mix the solid phase particles transported by the high-pressure airflow with the foam liquid to form premixed foam, and the foam generation subsystem is used to extract the premixed foam and form a foam fire extinguishing agent in a high-pressure state under the action of the high-pressure airflow; the foam spraying subsystem is connected with the foam generation subsystem, and is used to spray the foam fire extinguishing agent onto the oil pool flame and the flowing flame; the air supply pressure control subsystem, the premixing subsystem and the foam generation subsystem are all driven and controlled by the foam generation control panel (42), and the foam generation control panel (42) is coordinated and controlled with the coordination control system.

5. The experimental device for the dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leakage and overflow in petrochemical enterprises and extinguishing oil pool / flowing fire with three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 is characterized by: The wind speed regulating system comprises a variable frequency power fan (35), a wind speed regulator (43), an anemometer (17) and an eighth fixed support frame (12-8); the wind speed regulator (43) comprises a blower and an anemometer (17); the blower is installed on the side of the pool fire generating system and is used to blow an airflow with controllable size and direction to the oil pool flame generated by the pool fire generating system; The anemometer (17) is installed at the air outlet of the blower and is used to collect the wind speed of the blower; the variable frequency power fan (35) is installed on the side of the spreading and converging system through the eighth fixed support frame (12-8) and is used to blow an airflow with controllable size and direction to the flowing flame formed by the spreading and converging system; the variable frequency power fan (35), the blower and the anemometer (17) are all coordinated and controlled by the coordinated control system.

6. The experimental device for the dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leakage and overflow in petrochemical enterprises and extinguishing oil pool / flowing fire with three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 is characterized by: The spreading and converging system comprises a second liquid flow trough (36-2), a third liquid flow trough (36-3), a fourth liquid flow trough (36-4), an oil collecting trough (22), a first obstacle (23-1), a second obstacle (23-2), a bottom plate (24), a second lifting platform (31-2), a third lifting platform (31-3) and a second movable support platform (32-2); one side of the fourth liquid flow trough (36-4) is waterproofly movably connected to the first liquid flow trough (36-1) of the overflow control system, and the second liquid flow trough (36-2) and the other side of the fourth liquid flow trough (36-4) are waterproofly docked and installed to form a flowing platform; the bottom plate (24) is located on the flowing platform and is used to receive the oil pool flame released by the overflow control system to form a flowing flame; the third liquid flow trough (36-3) is waterproofly docked and installed with the flowing platform, and the oil collecting trough (22) is arranged in the middle of the third liquid flow trough (36-3), and the flowing flame is gathered by the oil collecting trough (22); The second lifting platform (31-2) and the third lifting platform (31-3) are both installed on the second movable support platform (32-2), and the second movable support platform (32-2) adjusts the lateral positions of the second lifting platform (31-2) and the third lifting platform (31-3); the bottom of the flow platform is movably installed on the second lifting platform (31-2), and the height of the flow platform is adjusted by the second lifting platform (31-2); the bottom of the third liquid flow trough (36-3) is movably installed on the third lifting platform (31-3), and the height of the third liquid flow trough (36-3) is adjusted by the third lifting platform (31-3); the first obstacle (23-1) and the second obstacle (23-2) are both arranged on the bottom plate (24).

7. The experimental device for the dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leakage and overflow in petrochemical enterprises and extinguishing oil pool / flowing fire with three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 is characterized by: The image acquisition system includes a high-speed camera (38), a high-frequency infrared thermal imager (37) and a schlieren instrument (27); the high-speed camera (38) is arranged on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spreading convergence system, and is used to collect images of the morphological changes of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of the foam fire extinguishing agent; the high-frequency infrared thermal imager (37) is arranged on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spreading convergence system, and is used to collect images of the temperature field changes of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of the foam fire extinguishing agent; the schlieren instrument (27) is arranged on the side of the pool fire generation system and the spreading convergence system, and is used to collect images of the microscopic flow field structure changes of the oil pool flame and the flowing flame during the combustion and spraying of the foam fire extinguishing agent; the high-speed camera (38), the high-frequency infrared thermal imager (37) and the schlieren instrument (27) are all coordinated and controlled by the coordinated control system.

8. The experimental device for the dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leakage and overflow in petrochemical enterprises and extinguishing oil pool / flowing fire with three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1 is characterized by: The temperature acquisition system includes a first high-frequency temperature thermocouple (19-1), a second high-frequency temperature thermocouple (19-2), a third high-frequency temperature thermocouple (19-3) and a fourth high-frequency temperature thermocouple (19-4); the radiation heat flux acquisition system includes a first radiation heat flux meter (18-1), a second radiation heat flux meter (18-2), a third radiation heat flux meter (18-3) and a fourth radiation heat flux meter (18-4); the first high-frequency temperature thermocouple (19-1) is installed on the fourth fixed support frame (12-4) through a second fixing buckle (16-2), and the first high-frequency temperature thermocouple (19-1) is distributed at different locations above the center of the visual oil pool plate (25). The second high-frequency temperature thermocouple (19-2), the third high-frequency temperature thermocouple (19-3) and the fourth high-frequency temperature thermocouple (19-4) are respectively installed on the sides of the fourth liquid flow trough (36-4), the second liquid flow trough (36-2) and the third liquid flow trough (36-3) of the diffusion and convergence system, and the second high-frequency temperature thermocouple (19-2), the third high-frequency temperature thermocouple (19-3) and the fourth high-frequency temperature thermocouple (19-4) are respectively distributed at different height positions above the center of the fourth liquid flow trough (36-4), different height positions above the center of the second liquid flow trough (36-2) and the oil collecting trough (2 2) at different height positions above the center; the first radiation heat flux meter (18-1) is installed at different positions on the fourth fixed support frame (12-4) through the third fixing buckle (16-3), and the first radiation heat flux meter (18-1) faces the oil pool flame above the visual oil pool plate (25) of the pool fire generation system; the second radiation heat flux meter (18-2), the third radiation heat flux meter (18-3) and the fourth radiation heat flux meter (18-4) are respectively installed at different height positions on the sides of the fourth liquid flow trough (36-4), the second liquid flow trough (36-2) and the third liquid flow trough (36-3) of the spreading and converging system, and the second radiation heat flux meter (18-2), The third radiation heat flux meter (18-3) and the fourth radiation heat flux meter (18-4) are horizontally pointed to the center of the fourth liquid flow trough (36-4), the center of the second liquid flow trough (36-2), and the center of the oil collecting trough (22) of the spreading and converging system respectively; the first high-frequency temperature thermocouple (19-1), the second high-frequency temperature thermocouple (19-2), the third high-frequency temperature thermocouple (19-3), the fourth high-frequency temperature thermocouple (19-4), the first radiation heat flux meter (18-1), the second radiation heat flux meter (18-2), the third radiation heat flux meter (18-3), and the fourth radiation heat flux meter (18-4) are all coordinated and controlled by the coordinated control system.

9. The experimental device for the dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leakage and overflow in petrochemical enterprises and extinguishing oil pool / flowing fire with three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas concentration collection system comprises a first gas concentration analyzer (20-1), a second gas concentration analyzer (20-2) and a third gas concentration analyzer (20-3); the air velocity collection system comprises a Pitot tube (21); the first gas concentration analyzer (20-1), the second gas concentration analyzer (20-2) and the third gas concentration analyzer (20-3) are respectively installed on the sides of the fourth liquid flow trough (36-4), the second liquid flow trough (36-2) and the third liquid flow trough (36-3), and the first gas concentration analyzer (20-1), the second gas concentration analyzer (20-2) and The third gas concentration analyzer (20-3) is horizontally directed toward the center of the fourth liquid flow trough (36-4), the center of the second liquid flow trough (36-2), and the center of the oil collecting trough (22) of the spreading and converging system respectively; the pitot tube (21) is installed on the side of the third liquid flow trough (36-3), and the pitot tube (21) is horizontally directed toward the center of the oil collecting trough (22) of the spreading and converging system; the first gas concentration analyzer (20-1), the second gas concentration analyzer (20-2), the third gas concentration analyzer (20-3), and the pitot tube (21) are all coordinated and controlled by a coordinated control system.

10. The experimental device for dynamic characteristics of liquid fuel leakage and overflow in petrochemical enterprises and extinguishing oil pool / flowing fire with three-phase foam fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil film thickness collection system includes four sets of ultrasonic thickness gauges; the flow and spread monitoring system includes a high-speed camera (38), a high-definition camera (39) and a sixth fixed support frame (12-6); the four sets of ultrasonic thickness gauges are respectively installed at the bottom center of the first liquid flow trough (36-1) of the overflow control, the bottom center of the second liquid flow trough (36-2) of the spread and convergence system, the bottom center of the third liquid flow trough (36-3) and the bottom center of the fourth liquid flow trough (36-4), for respectively collecting the oil film thickness at the corresponding positions; the high-speed camera (38) and the high-definition camera (39) are respectively installed at the bottom center of the first liquid flow trough (36-1) of the overflow control, the bottom center of the second liquid flow trough (36-2) of the spread and convergence system, the bottom center of the third liquid flow trough (36-3) and the bottom center of the fourth liquid flow trough (36-4). A camera (38) is arranged on the side of the flow platform of the spreading and converging system, and is used to collect images of the diffusion behavior of the tracer particles (45) on the bottom plate (24) during the combustion process of the flowing fire; a high-definition camera (39) is installed on the seventh fixed support frame (12-7) through the sixth fixed support frame (12-6), and is used to collect images of the diffusion behavior of the foam liquid on the bottom plate (24) on the surface of the flowing fire; the four groups of ultrasonic thickness gauges, the high-speed camera (38) and the high-definition camera (39) are all coordinated and controlled by a coordinated control system.

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