River reach form recognition method and system, storage medium and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and provides a river reach form recognition method and system, a storage medium and electronic equipment, and the method comprises the steps: collecting and processing remote sensing image data of a river channel in a research region; extracting a waterline and a center line from the remote sensing image data, and determining a maximum waterline, a minimum waterline, an average waterline and a center line corresponding to the minimum waterline; and calculating a moving distance proportion value of the waterline based on the maximum waterline, the minimum waterline, the average waterline and the center line corresponding to the minimum waterline, and identifying the river reach form based on the moving distance proportion value. The remote sensing image of a remote area or an area not easy to enter is obtained through the remote sensing technology, the change characteristics of the river reach form are captured under the non-contact condition, large-scale and continuous monitoring is achieved, data support is provided for multilevel analysis of the river reach, and reliable technical support is provided for flood control and disaster reduction, ecological protection and drainage basin management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, and in particular relates to a river section morphology recognition method, system, storage medium and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the global climate change and the frequent occurrence of extreme hydrological events, the identification of river channel morphology has become increasingly important in hydrological monitoring, flood risk assessment and watershed management. The morphology of river sections not only determines the hydrodynamic characteristics of the river, but also directly affects the stability of the ecosystem and the effectiveness of flood prevention and disaster reduction. Traditional river section morphology identification mainly relies on field measurements, drone aerial photography, Gaofen-7 satellite terrain data at low water levels and digital elevation models (DEM). These methods can provide high-precision data in local areas, but they are highly dependent on manpower and equipment, and are greatly affected by terrain, climate and traffic conditions. The coverage rate is limited in complex terrains such as high mountains and canyons, and it is difficult to meet the needs of wide-area monitoring. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides a river section morphology recognition method, system, storage medium and electronic equipment.

[0004] A river section morphology recognition method of the present invention comprises:

[0005] Collect and process remote sensing image data of rivers in the study area;

[0006] Extracting waterside lines and center lines from the remote sensing image data, and determining the maximum waterside line, the minimum waterside line, the average waterside line, and the center line corresponding to the minimum waterside line;

[0007] The moving distance ratio value of the water edge is calculated based on the maximum water edge, the minimum water edge, the average water edge and the center line corresponding to the minimum water edge, and the river section morphology is identified based on the moving distance ratio value.

[0008] Further,

[0009] The step of extracting the water edge from the remote sensing image data comprises:

[0010] The river water body morphology information is extracted from the remote sensing image data, and the water body normalization index is calculated by using the different bands of the remote sensing image data through the following formula:

[0011]

[0012] Wherein, NDWI refers to the normalized difference index of water body; n Refers to the green light band; NIR refers to the near infrared band;

[0013] The water edge is extracted based on the normalized water index.

[0014] Further,

[0015] The step of determining the maximum water edge, the minimum water edge, the average water edge, and the center line corresponding to the minimum water edge includes:

[0016] Determining the width of the water surface based on the water edge line and the center line;

[0017] Calculating the average value of the water surface width to obtain the average water surface width, and determining the two water edge lines corresponding to the average water surface width as the average water edge lines;

[0018] The water surface widths are compared to obtain a maximum water surface width and a minimum water surface width, and the two waterside lines corresponding to the maximum water surface width are determined as the maximum waterside lines, and the two waterside lines corresponding to the minimum water surface width are determined as the minimum waterside lines.

[0019] Further,

[0020] The method of calculating the moving distance ratio of the water edge based on the maximum water edge, the minimum water edge, the average water edge and the center line corresponding to the minimum water edge, and identifying the river section morphology based on the moving distance ratio includes:

[0021] Calculate the distance between the center line corresponding to the maximum water edge and the minimum water edge, record it as a first distance, calculate the distance between the average water edge and the center line corresponding to the minimum water edge, record it as a second distance;

[0022] For the waterside lines on both sides of the river channel, the moving distance ratio value is calculated according to the following formula: moving distance ratio value = (first distance - second distance) / second distance * 100%;

[0023] A threshold is set, and the river section shape is identified by comparing the threshold with the moving distance ratio value.

[0024] Further,

[0025] The method of identifying the river section morphology by comparing the threshold value with the moving distance ratio value includes:

[0026] If the moving distance ratio values ​​of the waterside lines on both sides are both less than the threshold value, the river section shape is a vertical river section;

[0027] If the moving distance ratio value of the water edge line on one side is less than the threshold value, and the moving distance ratio value of the water edge line on the other side is greater than or equal to the threshold value, then the river section morphology is a single-sided vertical and single-sided open river section;

[0028] If the moving distance ratio values ​​of the water edges on both sides are both ≥ the threshold value, the river section morphology is a double-sided open river section.

[0029] A river section morphology recognition system of the present invention is used to implement the above-mentioned river section morphology recognition method, and the system comprises:

[0030] The collection module is used to collect and process remote sensing image data of the river in the study area;

[0031] An extraction module is used to extract the water edge and the center line from the remote sensing image data, and determine the maximum water edge, the minimum water edge, the average water edge and the center line corresponding to the minimum water edge;

[0032] An identification module is used to calculate the moving distance ratio value of the water edge based on the maximum water edge, the minimum water edge, the average water edge and the center line corresponding to the minimum water edge, and identify the river section morphology based on the moving distance ratio value.

[0033] A computer-readable storage medium of the present invention stores a program or instruction, and when the program or instruction is run on a computer, the computer executes the aforementioned river section morphology recognition method.

[0034] An electronic device of the present invention includes a processor, which is coupled to a memory; the processor is used to read and execute a computer program stored in the memory to implement the above-mentioned river section morphology recognition method.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] Through remote sensing technology, remote sensing images of remote or inaccessible areas can be obtained, the changing characteristics of river section morphology can be captured without contact, and large-scale and continuous monitoring can be achieved. This provides data support for multi-level analysis of river sections and provides reliable technical support for flood prevention and disaster reduction, ecological protection and watershed management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the river section morphology recognition method of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the river section morphology recognition system of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device of the present invention.

[0041] Description of reference numerals:

[0042] 201 - collection module, 202 - extraction module, 203 - identification module, 301 - processor, 302 - memory. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] In addition, in order to have a deeper understanding of the present invention, some of the terms are explained as follows:

[0045] The river section morphology is divided into vertical river sections, single-sided vertical and single-sided open river sections, and double-sided open river sections.

[0046] The vertical river section shows that when the water level fluctuates, the width of the river channel is less affected by the water level fluctuation; the one-sided vertical one-sided open river section shows that when the water level fluctuates, one side of the river channel is less affected by the water level fluctuation, and the other side is more affected by the water level fluctuation; the double-sided open river section shows that when the water level fluctuates, both sides of the river channel are more affected by the water level fluctuation.

[0047] Figure 1 : is a flow chart of a river section morphology recognition method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, the method specifically includes the following steps:

[0048] S101: Collect and process remote sensing image data of rivers in the study area.

[0049] Identify the river channel in the study area, specify a time range, and collect remote sensing image data from satellites such as Landsat series, Sentinel series, and Gaofen series at different times. Perform radiation correction, atmospheric correction, geometric correction and other operations on the remote sensing image data to ensure image accuracy and consistency, and provide accurate basic data for subsequent river section morphology identification.

[0050] S102: extracting waterside lines and center lines from remote sensing image data, and determining the maximum waterside line, the minimum waterside line, the average waterside line, and the center line corresponding to the minimum waterside line.

[0051] S102-1: Extract water edge and center line from remote sensing image data.

[0052] The river water body morphology information is extracted from the remote sensing image data, and the water body normalization index is calculated by using the different bands of the remote sensing image data through the following formula:

[0053]

[0054] Wherein, NDWI refers to the normalized difference index of water body; n Refers to the green light band; NIR refers to the near infrared band.

[0055] Multiple water edges at different times are extracted based on the normalized water index.

[0056] Extract multiple centerlines at different times from remote sensing image data.

[0057] S102-2: Determine the maximum water edge, the minimum water edge, the average water edge, and the center line corresponding to the minimum water edge.

[0058] Draw a perpendicular line through the center line and intersect it with the waterside line to obtain two intersection points. Calculate the distance between the two intersection points as the width of the water surface.

[0059] The average value of the water surface width is calculated to obtain the average water surface width, and the two water edge lines corresponding to the average water surface width are determined as the average water edge lines.

[0060] Compare the widths of the water surface, determine the two waterside lines corresponding to the maximum water surface width as the maximum waterside lines, and determine the two waterside lines corresponding to the minimum water surface width as the minimum waterside lines. At the same time, the center line corresponding to the minimum waterside line is used as the data basis for executing step S103.

[0061] S103: Calculate the moving distance ratio of the water edge based on the maximum water edge, the minimum water edge, the average water edge and the center line corresponding to the minimum water edge, and identify the river section shape based on the moving distance ratio.

[0062] The distance between the center line corresponding to the maximum water edge and the minimum water edge is calculated, which is recorded as the first distance. The distance between the center line corresponding to the average water edge and the minimum water edge is calculated, which is recorded as the second distance.

[0063] For the waterside lines on both sides of the river, the moving distance ratio value is calculated according to the following formula, and a threshold is set at the same time. The river section morphology is identified by comparing the threshold with the moving distance ratio value.

[0064] The calculation formula of the moving distance ratio value is: ratio value = (first distance - second distance) / second distance * 100%.

[0065] Preferably, the threshold value is 10%.

[0066] The specific identification process is as follows: if the moving distance ratio of the water edge lines on both sides is less than 10%, the river section is a vertical river section; if the moving distance ratio of the water edge line on one side is less than 10% and the moving distance ratio of the water edge line on the other side is ≥10%, the river section is a one-sided vertical and one-sided open river section; if the moving distance ratio of the water edge lines on both sides is ≥10%, the river section is a double-sided open river section.

[0067] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a river section morphology recognition system. Figure 2 As shown, including:

[0068] The collection module 201 is used to collect and process the remote sensing image data of the river in the study area.

[0069] The extraction module 202 is used to extract the water edge and the center line from the remote sensing image data, and determine the maximum water edge, the minimum water edge, the average water edge and the center line corresponding to the minimum water edge.

[0070] The identification module 203 is used to calculate the moving distance ratio value of the water edge based on the maximum water edge, the minimum water edge, the average water edge and the center line corresponding to the minimum water edge, and identify the river section shape based on the moving distance ratio value.

[0071] It should be noted here that the above-mentioned collection module 201, extraction module 202 and identification module 203 correspond to steps S101 to S103 in the embodiment of the river section morphology recognition method, and the examples and application scenarios implemented by the above-mentioned modules and corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the contents disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0072] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a program or instruction. When the program or instruction is executed on a computer, the computer executes the river section morphology recognition method as described in the above method embodiment.

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including: a processor 301, the processor 301 is coupled to a memory 302, and the processor 301 is used to read and execute a computer program stored in the memory 302 to implement the river section morphology recognition method as described in the above method embodiment.

[0074] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A river section morphology recognition method, characterized in that: include: Collect and process remote sensing image data of rivers in the study area; Extracting waterside lines and center lines from the remote sensing image data, and determining the maximum waterside line, the minimum waterside line, the average waterside line, and the center line corresponding to the minimum waterside line; The moving distance ratio value of the water edge is calculated based on the maximum water edge, the minimum water edge, the average water edge and the center line corresponding to the minimum water edge, and the river section morphology is identified based on the moving distance ratio value.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of extracting the water edge from the remote sensing image data comprises: The river water body morphology information is extracted from the remote sensing image data, and the water body normalization index is calculated by using the different bands of the remote sensing image data through the following formula: In the formula, NDWI refers to the normalized difference index of water body; Green refers to the green light band; NIR refers to the near infrared band; The water edge is extracted based on the normalized water index.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The step of determining the maximum water edge, the minimum water edge, the average water edge, and the center line corresponding to the minimum water edge includes: Determining the width of the water surface based on the water edge line and the center line; Calculating the average value of the water surface width to obtain the average water surface width, and determining the two water edge lines corresponding to the average water surface width as the average water edge lines; The water surface widths are compared to obtain a maximum water surface width and a minimum water surface width, and the two waterside lines corresponding to the maximum water surface width are determined as the maximum waterside lines, and the two waterside lines corresponding to the minimum water surface width are determined as the minimum waterside lines.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of calculating the moving distance ratio of the water edge based on the maximum water edge, the minimum water edge, the average water edge and the center line corresponding to the minimum water edge, and identifying the river section morphology based on the moving distance ratio includes: Calculate the distance between the center line corresponding to the maximum water edge and the minimum water edge, record it as a first distance, calculate the distance between the average water edge and the center line corresponding to the minimum water edge, record it as a second distance; For the waterside lines on both sides of the river channel, the moving distance ratio value is calculated according to the following formula: moving distance ratio value = (first distance - second distance) / second distance * 100%; A threshold is set, and the river section shape is identified by comparing the threshold with the moving distance ratio value.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The method of identifying the river section morphology by comparing the threshold value with the moving distance ratio value includes: If the moving distance ratio values ​​of the waterside lines on both sides are both less than the threshold value, the river section shape is a vertical river section; If the moving distance ratio value of the water edge line on one side is less than the threshold value, and the moving distance ratio value of the water edge line on the other side is greater than or equal to the threshold value, then the river section morphology is a single-sided vertical and single-sided open river section; If the moving distance ratio values ​​of the water edges on both sides are both ≥ the threshold value, the river section morphology is a double-sided open river section.

6. A river section morphology recognition system, characterized in that: include: The collection module is used to collect and process remote sensing image data of the river in the study area; An extraction module is used to extract the water edge and the center line from the remote sensing image data, and determine the maximum water edge, the minimum water edge, the average water edge and the center line corresponding to the minimum water edge; An identification module is used to calculate the moving distance ratio value of the water edge based on the maximum water edge, the minimum water edge, the average water edge and the center line corresponding to the minimum water edge, and identify the river section morphology based on the moving distance ratio value.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A program or instruction is stored, and when the program or instruction is run on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the river section morphology recognition method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: comprising a processor coupled to a memory; The processor is used to read and execute the computer program stored in the memory to implement the river section morphology recognition method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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