Electrically tunable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets

Abstract

The invention provides an electrically tunable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets. The invention provides an electrically tunable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets. The electrically tunable two-dimensional phased array linear array comprises an upper-layer dielectric plate, a lower-layer dielectric plate, an electrically tunable antenna array based on the graphene nanosheets and a Butler matrix feed network, the electrically tunable antenna array based on the graphene nanosheets comprises a plurality of electrically tunable sub-arrays of the graphene nanosheets and a metal floor, wherein the electrically tunable sub-arrays of the graphene nanosheets comprise two rectangular patches and one Wilins power divider loaded with the graphene nanosheets; the upper dielectric plate, the metal floor and the lower dielectric plate are sequentially stacked, and the Butler matrix feed network comprises four directional couplers, two 45-degree phase shifters, two cross knots and two 0-degree phase shifters. According to the electrically tunable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on the graphene nanosheets, a feed network can be simplified, and the cost of the phased array is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to an electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets. Background Art

[0002] Due to the rapid development of technology, the research hotspot of modern communication systems is shifting towards intelligence and adjustability. Phased array antennas have the advantages of fast scanning speed, high scanning accuracy, low cost, light weight, low profile and easy integration, which make them important in the 5G field. However, they still have problems such as high complexity, high cost, low broadband performance and small scanning angle. Graphene material, as one of the nanomaterials that has attracted much attention in recent years, can be used as a new type of tunable microwave device material. Since it is difficult to obtain large-area high-quality single-layer graphene, few-layer graphene nanosheets are generally used as the main application material in the microwave frequency band. By applying a DC bias to the graphene nanosheet, the resistance of the graphene nanosheet can be dynamically tuned, which can be applied to two-dimensional directional pattern reconfigurable antennas. Traditional phased arrays require the use of a large number of phase shifters to make the feeding network complex, which makes the cost of the phased array high. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets to solve the technical problems of complex feeding network and high cost of phased array in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: providing an electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets, comprising an upper dielectric plate, a lower dielectric plate, an electrically adjustable antenna array based on graphene nanosheets, and a Butler matrix feeding network;

[0005] The electrically-tuned antenna array based on graphene nanosheets comprises a plurality of electrically-tuned sub-arrays of graphene nanosheets and a metal floor, wherein the electrically-tuned sub-array of graphene nanosheets comprises two rectangular patches and a Wilkins power divider loaded with graphene nanosheets;

[0006] The upper dielectric plate, the metal floor, and the lower dielectric plate are stacked in sequence, the rectangular patch is arranged on a side of the upper dielectric plate away from the metal floor, the graphene nanosheet-loaded Wilkins power divider and the Butler matrix feeding network are arranged on a side of the lower dielectric plate away from the metal floor, and the Butler matrix feeding network includes 4 directional couplers, 2 45° phase shifters, 2 cross junctions, and 2 0° phase shifters.

[0007] Furthermore, the interval between the two rectangular patches is 0.3λ to 0.4λ, wherein λ represents the wavelength.

[0008] Furthermore, the output port of the graphene nanosheet-loaded Wilkins power divider is connected to the input ports of the two rectangular patches through two vias.

[0009] Furthermore, the two rectangular patches are fed by differential feeding, the two rectangular patches are connected to a transmission line, and the transmission line is extended by a preset length to compensate for the phase difference between the two rectangular patches.

[0010] Furthermore, the graphene nanosheet-loaded Wilkins power divider includes four graphene nanosheets, and the four graphene nanosheets are respectively connected to four metal branches, and the length of the metal branches is λ / 4.

[0011] Furthermore, two surfaces of the graphene nanosheet are respectively connected to two metal electrodes, and the two metal electrodes are connected to a voltage control board through wires.

[0012] Furthermore, the voltage control board is used to adjust the resistance of the graphene nanosheet so that the graphene nanosheet-loaded Wilkins power divider can achieve an adjustable power distribution ratio, and realize input power control of the two rectangular patches to achieve beam scanning in the xoz plane.

[0013] Furthermore, the signal lines of the Butler matrix feeding network are arranged on a side of the lower dielectric board away from the metal floor.

[0014] Furthermore, the output port of the Butler matrix feeding network is connected to the input port of the electrically adjustable antenna array based on graphene nanosheets.

[0015] Furthermore, the Butler matrix feeding network is used to perform phase control on the electrically tunable antenna array based on graphene nanosheets to achieve beam scanning in the yoz plane.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the electrically tuned antenna array based on graphene nanosheets includes a plurality of electrically tuned sub-arrays of graphene nanosheets and a metal floor, wherein the electrically tuned sub-array of graphene nanosheets includes two rectangular patches and a Wilkins power divider loaded with graphene nanosheets; the upper dielectric plate, the metal floor, and the lower dielectric plate are stacked in sequence, the rectangular patches are arranged on a side of the upper dielectric plate away from the metal floor, the Wilkins power divider loaded with graphene nanosheets and the Butler matrix feeding network are arranged on a side of the lower dielectric plate away from the metal floor, and the Butler matrix The array feeding network includes 4 directional couplers, 2 45° phase shifters, 2 cross junctions and 2 0° phase shifters; the voltage control board is used to adjust the resistance of the graphene nanosheet so that the Wilkins power divider loaded with graphene nanosheets can achieve an adjustable power distribution ratio, and realize input power control of two rectangular patches to achieve beam scanning in the xoz plane; combined with the beam control performance of the electrically tuned subarray loaded with graphene nanosheets and the phase adjustment function of the Butler matrix, the two-dimensional beam scanning function of the xoz and yoz planes can be realized, and a low-cost, planar two-dimensional phased array antenna structure can be realized with a simplified feeding network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the first structure of an electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A second structural schematic diagram of an electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an upper dielectric plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a lower dielectric plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Wilkins power divider loaded with graphene nanosheets according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a metal floor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0025] Fig. 9is an S-parameter curve of the port of the electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets;

[0026] Fig.10 A first beam pattern of the electrically tunable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets according to an embodiment of the present invention when the input port is excited;

[0027] Fig.11 A second beam pattern of the electrically tunable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets according to an embodiment of the present invention when the input port is excited;

[0028] Fig.12 The third beam pattern of the electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets according to an embodiment of the present invention when the input port is excited;

[0029] Fig.13 The fourth beam pattern of the electrically tunable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets according to an embodiment of the present invention when the input port is excited;

[0030] Fig.14 The fifth beam diagram of the electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets according to an embodiment of the present invention when the input port is excited;

[0031] Fig.15 The sixth beam pattern of the electrically tunable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets according to an embodiment of the present invention when the input port is excited;

[0032] Fig.16 The seventh beam diagram of the electrically tunable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets according to an embodiment of the present invention when the input port is excited;

[0033] Fig.17 This is the eighth beam pattern of the electrically tunable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets according to an embodiment of the present invention when the input port is excited.

[0034] Figure numerals: 1-upper dielectric plate; 2-metal floor; 3-lower dielectric plate; 4-Butler matrix feeding network; 5-rectangular patch; 6-graphene nanosheet-loaded Wilkins power divider; 7-via; 8-directional coupler; 9-45° phase shifter; 10-cross junction; 11-0° phase shifter; 12-first transmission line; 13-plastic screw; 14-isolation circular gap; 15-first metal branch; 16-second metal branch; 17-equal power division Wilkins power divider; 18-second transmission line; 19-connecting pad; 20-first graphene nanosheet; 21-second graphene nanosheet; 22-third graphene nanosheet; 23-fourth graphene nanosheet; 24-first input port; 25-second input port; 26-third input port; 27-fourth input port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0037] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of an electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that if substantially the same results are achieved, the electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets according to the present invention is not necessarily Figure 1 The structure shown is limited. The electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets comprises an upper dielectric plate 1, a lower dielectric plate 3, an electrically adjustable antenna array based on graphene nanosheets and a Butler matrix feeding network 4;

[0038] The electrically-tuned antenna array based on graphene nanosheets comprises a plurality of electrically-tuned sub-arrays of graphene nanosheets and a metal floor 2, wherein the electrically-tuned sub-array of graphene nanosheets comprises two rectangular patches 5 and a Wilkins power divider 6 loaded with graphene nanosheets;

[0039] The upper dielectric plate 1, the metal floor 2, and the lower dielectric plate 3 are stacked in sequence, the rectangular patch 5 is arranged on a side of the upper dielectric plate 1 away from the metal floor 2, the graphene nanosheet-loaded Wilkins power divider 6 and the Butler matrix feeding network 4 are arranged on a side of the lower dielectric plate 3 away from the metal floor 2, and the Butler matrix feeding network 4 includes 4 directional couplers 8, 2 45° phase shifters 9, 2 cross junctions 10 and 2 0° phase shifters 11.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the electrically tunable antenna array based on graphene nanosheets is a 1×4 electrically tunable antenna array based on graphene nanosheets, which includes four electrically tunable sub-arrays of graphene nanosheets and a metal floor 2. The second structural schematic diagram of the electrically tunable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2It can be a side view of an electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets, wherein an upper dielectric plate 1, a metal floor 2 and a lower dielectric plate 3 are stacked in sequence. Figure 1 The exploded view of the electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets does not include the metal floor 2.

[0041] In some embodiments, the interval between the two rectangular patches 5 is 0.3λ to 0.4λ, where λ represents the wavelength.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, the structural diagram of the upper dielectric plate 1 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the rectangular patch 5 is arranged on a side of the upper dielectric plate 1 away from the metal floor 2 .

[0043] In some embodiments, the two rectangular patches 5 are fed using a differential feeding method, and the two rectangular patches 5 are connected to a transmission line (a second transmission line 18 ), and the transmission line is extended by a preset length to compensate for the phase difference between the two rectangular patches 5 .

[0044] In a specific embodiment, Figure 3 The portion within the middle dotted frame is an extended portion of the transmission line. By extending the transmission line by a preset length, the phase difference between the two rectangular patches 5 can be compensated.

[0045] In some embodiments, the output port of the graphene nanosheet-loaded Wilkins power divider 6 is connected to the input ports of the two rectangular patches 5 through two vias 7 .

[0046] In the embodiment of the present invention, the output port of the graphene nanosheet-loaded Wilkins power divider 6 is connected to the input ports of the two rectangular patches 5 through two vias 7, so as to facilitate signal transmission.

[0047] In some embodiments, the graphene nanosheet-loaded Wilkins power divider 6 includes four graphene nanosheets, and the four graphene nanosheets are respectively connected to four metal branches, and the length of the metal branches is λ / 4.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the structural diagram of the lower dielectric plate 3 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, four graphene nanosheets are connected to four metal branches respectively, the lengths of the four metal branches are all λ / 4, the widths of two symmetrical metal branches are the same, and the widths of two asymmetrical metal branches are different. The Wilkins power divider 6 loaded with graphene nanosheets can be a Wilkins power divider loaded with graphene nanosheets, that is, four graphene nanosheets are loaded on one Wilkins power divider 17 with equal power division, Figure 4 The enlarged picture of A in the middle is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The circuit includes vias 7 and isolation circular gaps 14.

[0049] In some embodiments, two sides of the graphene nanosheet are respectively connected to two metal electrodes, and the two metal electrodes are connected to a voltage control board through wires.

[0050] In a specific embodiment, the upper and lower surfaces of the graphene nanosheet are connected to metal electrodes, and the metal electrodes are connected to a voltage control board through a DC line (conducting wire).

[0051] In some embodiments, the voltage control board is used to adjust the resistance of the graphene nanosheet so that the graphene nanosheet-loaded Wilkins power divider 6 can achieve an adjustable power distribution ratio, and realize input power control of the two rectangular patches 5 to achieve beam scanning in the xoz plane.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, the resistance of the graphene nanosheet is controlled by a voltage control board, and the adjustable resistance range of the graphene nanosheet is 10 to 300 ohms. Therefore, the adjustable power distribution ratio of the Wilkins power divider 6 loaded with the graphene nanosheet can be realized by dynamically adjusting the resistance of the graphene nanosheet. By adjusting the distribution ratio of the Wilkins power divider 6 loaded with the graphene nanosheet, the input power control of the two rectangular patches 5 is realized, thereby realizing the beam scanning of the xoz plane. The structural schematic diagram of the Wilkins power divider 6 loaded with the graphene nanosheet is shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 The four graphene nanosheets correspond to the first graphene nanosheet 20, the second graphene nanosheet 21, the third graphene nanosheet 22, and the fourth graphene nanosheet 23, respectively. The four metal branches include two first metal branches 15 with the same shape and two second metal branches 16 with the same shape, respectively.

[0053] In some embodiments, the output port of the Butler matrix feed network 4 is connected to the input port of the graphene nanosheet-based electrically tunable antenna array.

[0054] In a specific embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, a transmission line (first transmission line 12) is used to connect the output port of the Butler matrix feeding network 4 and the input port of the graphene nanosheet-loaded Wilkins power divider 6 in the graphene nanosheet-based electrically adjustable antenna array.

[0055] In some embodiments, the Butler matrix feed network 4 is used to perform phase control on the electrically tunable antenna array based on graphene nanosheets to achieve beam scanning in the yoz plane.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, Figure 4As shown, the Butler matrix feed network 4 is mainly composed of four directional couplers 8, two 45° phase shifters 9, two cross junctions 10 and two 0° phase shifters 11, and the structure is symmetrical in the upper and lower parts. The Butler feed network 4 realizes beam scanning in the yoz plane by phase controlling the electrically tunable antenna array based on graphene nanosheets.

[0057] In some embodiments, the signal lines of the Butler matrix feeding network 4 are arranged on a side of the lower dielectric board 3 away from the metal floor 2 .

[0058] In a specific embodiment, the structural diagram of the metal floor 2 is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The enlarged picture of point B in the middle is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 In the figure, the isolation circular gap 14 of the pad is connected to the connecting pad 19 to prevent the signal line from short-circuiting. The upper dielectric plate 1, the metal floor 2 and the lower dielectric plate 3 are fixed with plastic screws 13.

[0059] In a specific embodiment, the S parameter curve of the port of the electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets is as follows: Fig. 9 As shown, Fig. 9 Graphene nanosheet 1 represents the first graphene nanosheet 20, graphene nanosheet 3 represents the third graphene nanosheet 22, Figure 7 The first S11 represents the S parameter of the first input port 24 when the square resistance of the first graphene nanosheet 20 and the third graphene nanosheet 22 is 40 ohm / sq, the first S22 represents the S parameter of the second input port 25 when the square resistance of the first graphene nanosheet 20 and the third graphene nanosheet 22 is 40 ohm / sq, the second S11 represents the S parameter of the first input port 24 when the square resistance of the first graphene nanosheet 20 and the third graphene nanosheet 22 is 300 ohm / sq, and the second S22 represents the S parameter of the second input port 25 when the square resistance of the first graphene nanosheet 20 and the third graphene nanosheet 22 is 300 ohm / sq. Since the structure of the Butler matrix feeding network 4 is symmetrical, the S parameters of the first input port 24 and the fourth input port 27 are substantially the same, and the S parameters of the second input port 25 and the third input port 26 are substantially the same. When input from different ports, the return loss at the center frequency of 3.5 GHz is below -10 dB, and energy can be effectively transmitted within the electrically tunable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, the input port of the Butler matrix feed network 4 may be an input port of an electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets, such as Figure 4As shown, the input ports of the Butler matrix feed network 4 may include a first input port 24, a second input port 25, a third input port 26 and a fourth input port 27. The first beam pattern of the electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets when the input ports are excited is as follows: Fig.10 As shown, Fig.10 That is, the square resistance of the first graphene nanosheet 20 and the third graphene nanosheet 22 is 300 ohm / sq, and the square resistance of the second graphene nanosheet 21 and the fourth graphene nanosheet 23 is 40 ohm / sq, and the two-dimensional beam pattern corresponding to the first input port 24 when the pitch plane angle θ is 43 degrees is obtained.

[0061] The second beam pattern of the electrically steerable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets when the input port is excited, such as Fig.11 As shown, Fig.11 That is, the square resistance of the first graphene nanosheet 20 and the third graphene nanosheet 22 is 40 ohm / sq, and the square resistance of the second graphene nanosheet 21 and the fourth graphene nanosheet 23 is 300 ohm / sq, and the two-dimensional beam pattern corresponding to the first input port 24 when the pitch plane angle θ is 43 degrees is obtained.

[0062] like Fig.10 , the elevation angle θ and azimuth angle Φ of the main lobe direction are (43°, 111°); Fig.11 In the figure, the elevation angle θ and the azimuth angle Φ in the main lobe direction are (43°, 67°). It can be seen that the adjustable power distribution ratio of the Wilkins power divider 6 loaded with the graphene nanosheet can be controlled by using the adjustable resistance of the graphene nanosheet to achieve beam deflection.

[0063] The third beam pattern of the electrically steerable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets when the input port is excited, such as Fig.12 As shown, Fig.12 That is, the square resistance of the first graphene nanosheet 20 and the third graphene nanosheet is 300 ohm / sq, and the square resistance of the second graphene nanosheet 21 and the fourth graphene nanosheet 23 is 40 ohm / sq, and the two-dimensional beam pattern corresponding to the second input port 25 when the pitch plane angle θ is 16 degrees is obtained.

[0064] The fourth beam pattern of the electrically steerable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets when the input port is excited, as shown in Fig.13 As shown, when the square resistance of the first graphene nanosheet 20 and the third graphene nanosheet 22 is 40 ohm / sq, and the square resistance of the second graphene nanosheet 21 and the fourth graphene nanosheet 23 is 300 ohm / sq, a two-dimensional beam pattern corresponding to the second input port 25 when the pitch plane angle θ is 16 degrees is obtained.

[0065] The fifth beam pattern of the electrically steerable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets when the input port is excited, such as Fig.14 As shown, when the square resistance of the first graphene nanosheet 20 and the third graphene nanosheet 22 is 300 ohm / sq, and the square resistance of the second graphene nanosheet 21 and the fourth graphene nanosheet 23 is 40 ohm / sq, a two-dimensional beam pattern corresponding to the third input port 26 is obtained when the pitch plane angle θ is 16 degrees.

[0066] The sixth beam pattern of the electrically steerable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets when the input port is excited, as shown in Fig.15 As shown, when the square resistance of the first graphene nanosheet 20 and the third graphene nanosheet 22 is 40 ohm / sq, and the square resistance of the second graphene nanosheet 21 and the fourth graphene nanosheet 23 is 300 ohm / sq, a two-dimensional beam pattern corresponding to the third input port 26 is obtained when the pitch plane angle θ is 16 degrees.

[0067] The seventh beam pattern of the electrically steerable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets when the input port is excited, such as Fig.16 As shown, when the square resistance of the first graphene nanosheet 20 and the third graphene nanosheet 22 is 300 ohm / sq, and the square resistance of the second graphene nanosheet 21 and the fourth graphene nanosheet 23 is 40 ohm / sq, a two-dimensional beam pattern corresponding to the fourth input port 27 when the pitch plane angle θ is 43 degrees is obtained.

[0068] The eighth beam pattern of the electrically steerable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets when the input port is excited, such as Fig.17 As shown, when the square resistance of the first graphene nanosheet 20 and the third graphene nanosheet 22 is 40 ohm / sq, and the square resistance of the second graphene nanosheet 21 and the fourth graphene nanosheet 23 is 300 ohm / sq, a two-dimensional beam pattern corresponding to the fourth input port 27 when the pitch plane angle θ is 43 degrees is obtained.

[0069] from Figures 10 to 17It can be seen that the square resistance of the first graphene nanosheet 20 and the third graphene nanosheet 22 is 300 ohm / sq, the square resistance of the second graphene nanosheet 21 and the fourth graphene nanosheet 23 is 40 ohm / sq, and the Butler matrix feeding network 4 controls the phase of the electrically adjustable antenna array based on the graphene nanosheet by exciting from different ports. The pitch plane angle θ and the azimuth plane angle Φ of the first input port 24 to the fourth input port 27 are (43°, 111°), (16°, -135°), (16°, 135°) and (43°, -111°), respectively. The square resistance of the first graphene nanosheet 20 and the third graphene nanosheet 22 is 40 ohm / sq, the square resistance of the second graphene nanosheet 21 and the fourth graphene nanosheet 23 is 300 ohm / sq, and the pitch plane angles θ and azimuth plane angles Φ of the first input port 24 to the fourth input port 27 are (43°, 67°), (16°, -33°), (16°, 33°) and (43°, -67°), respectively. It can be seen that the electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets can realize two-dimensional beam scanning.

[0070] The electrically tunable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets provided in an embodiment of the present invention comprises the electrically tunable antenna array based on graphene nanosheets including a plurality of electrically tunable sub-arrays of graphene nanosheets and a metal floor 2, wherein the electrically tunable sub-array of graphene nanosheets includes two rectangular patches 5 and a Wilkins power divider 6 loaded with graphene nanosheets; the upper dielectric plate 1, the metal floor 2, and the lower dielectric plate 3 are stacked in sequence, the rectangular patch 5 is arranged on a side of the upper dielectric plate 1 away from the metal floor 2, the Wilkins power divider 6 loaded with graphene nanosheets and the Butler matrix feeding network 4 are arranged on a side of the lower dielectric plate 3 away from the metal floor 2, and the Butler matrix feeding network 4 includes a plurality of directional couplers 8, two 45° phase shifters 9, a plurality of cross junctions 10, and two 0° phase shifters 11, thereby simplifying the feeding network and reducing the cost of the phased array.

[0071] The electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets provided by the present invention realizes adjustable resistance in the range of 10 to 300 ohms of graphene by controlling the voltage on the graphene nanosheets. Based on the adjustable resistance of the graphene nanosheets, the Wilkins power divider 6 loaded with the graphene nanosheets can realize adjustable power division ratio, thereby realizing input power control of the two rectangular patches 5, so that beam scanning can be realized in the xoz plane. By utilizing the different square resistance values ​​of the graphene nanosheets, the equal power division Wilkins power divider 17 can output unequal power division ratios without changing the structure, so that a unit composed of two patch antennas can realize beams of different angles. Compared with other two-dimensional beam scanning antenna arrays, the electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array linear array based on graphene nanosheets provided by the present invention reduces the use of phase shifters, simplifies the feeding network, and realizes two-dimensional beam scanning through a simple structure.

[0072] The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0073] The above embodiments only express the preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets, characterized in that: It includes an upper dielectric plate, a lower dielectric plate, an electrically adjustable antenna array based on graphene nanosheets, and a Butler matrix feeding network; The electrically-tuned antenna array based on graphene nanosheets comprises a plurality of electrically-tuned sub-arrays of graphene nanosheets and a metal floor, wherein the electrically-tuned sub-array of graphene nanosheets comprises two rectangular patches and a Wilkins power divider loaded with graphene nanosheets; The upper dielectric plate, the metal floor, and the lower dielectric plate are stacked in sequence, the rectangular patch is arranged on a side of the upper dielectric plate away from the metal floor, the graphene nanosheet-loaded Wilkins power divider and the Butler matrix feeding network are arranged on a side of the lower dielectric plate away from the metal floor, and the Butler matrix feeding network includes 4 directional couplers, 2 45° phase shifters, 2 cross junctions, and 2 0° phase shifters.

2. The electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interval between the two rectangular patches is 0.3λ to 0.4λ, where λ represents the wavelength.

3. The electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output port of the graphene nanosheet-loaded Wilkins power divider is connected to the input ports of the two rectangular patches through two vias.

4. The electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two rectangular patches are fed by differential feeding, and the two rectangular patches are connected to a transmission line. The transmission line is extended by a preset length to compensate for the phase difference between the two rectangular patches.

5. The electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets according to claim 4, characterized in that: The graphene nanosheet-loaded Wilkins power divider comprises four graphene nanosheets, the four graphene nanosheets are respectively connected to four metal branches, and the length of the metal branches is λ / 4.

6. The electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two sides of the graphene nanosheet are respectively connected to two metal electrodes, and the two metal electrodes are connected to a voltage control board through a wire.

7. The electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets according to claim 6, characterized in that: The voltage control board is used to adjust the resistance of the graphene nanosheet so that the graphene nanosheet-loaded Wilkins power divider can achieve an adjustable power distribution ratio, and can control the input power of the two rectangular patches to achieve beam scanning in the xoz plane.

8. The electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal lines of the Butler matrix feeding network are arranged on a side of the lower dielectric board away from the metal floor.

9. The electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets according to claim 8, characterized in that: The output port of the Butler matrix feeding network is connected to the input port of the electrically adjustable antenna array based on graphene nanosheets.

10. The electrically adjustable two-dimensional phased array based on graphene nanosheets according to claim 9, characterized in that: The Butler matrix feeding network is used to perform phase control on the electrically tunable antenna array based on graphene nanosheets to achieve beam scanning in the yoz plane.

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