Battery monitoring unit for photovoltaic power generation

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery monitoring unit for photovoltaic power generation, which belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation and comprises a photovoltaic power generation module, a photovoltaic battery, an electric energy input module, a first circuit breaker, a detection module and a monitoring module, and the photovoltaic power generation module supplies power to the photovoltaic battery through the electric energy input module. Each group of photovoltaic cells are independently separated, when one photovoltaic cell breaks down or needs to be operated and maintained, open circuit isolation is facilitated, the whole system is prevented from being stopped, each group of photovoltaic cells is provided with an independent detection module, the independent photovoltaic cells are conveniently monitored, and the detection efficiency is improved. According to the photovoltaic cell monitoring system, the monitoring accuracy and the convenience during operation and maintenance of each photovoltaic cell are improved, influences on monitoring of other photovoltaic cells during operation and maintenance are avoided, remote monitoring is facilitated through the monitoring module and the monitoring terminal, and the convenience during operation and use is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a battery monitoring unit for photovoltaic power generation. Background Art

[0002] Monitoring of photovoltaic power generation batteries is a key link to ensure the stable operation of photovoltaic power stations and improve power generation efficiency. The main monitoring functions include: Battery status monitoring: real-time monitoring of the charging voltage and current of the battery array, the voltage and temperature of the battery, etc., to ensure that the battery is in normal working condition. Fault alarm and recording: Once the battery has an abnormal condition, such as excessive voltage, excessive current, excessive temperature, etc., the monitoring system should immediately issue an alarm signal and record the fault information so that the operation and maintenance personnel can handle it in time. Data analysis and visualization: Analyze and process the collected battery data to generate various styles of charts and reports, such as voltage-time curves, power-time curves, etc., to help the operation and maintenance personnel intuitively understand the operating status of the battery.

[0003] Monitoring of photovoltaic power generation batteries is an important means to ensure the stable operation of photovoltaic power stations and improve power generation efficiency. With the continuous advancement of science and technology and the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, it is believed that the monitoring technology of photovoltaic power generation batteries will become more intelligent, automated and remote in the future.

[0004] Some current home photovoltaic power generation equipment, in order to improve the energy storage capacity, often uses multiple groups of batteries to store electricity simultaneously when equipped with photovoltaic cells. When in use, multiple groups of batteries are stored and discharged simultaneously. However, during operation and maintenance, when one of the batteries fails or needs maintenance, the entire system will stop running, making it inconvenient to use. Summary of the invention

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a battery monitoring unit for photovoltaic power generation to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a battery monitoring unit for photovoltaic power generation, comprising: A photovoltaic power generation module is fixedly mounted with a monitoring module for monitoring the weather and the photovoltaic power generation module. The photovoltaic power generation module converts light energy into electrical energy through external sunlight, and stores the electrical energy in the photovoltaic cell.

[0007] The photovoltaic cell is used to store the energy converted from light energy to electrical energy by the photovoltaic power generation module, and is used as an energy storage component to supply power to an external power grid or household loads, thereby improving the stability of power supply.

[0008] An electric energy input module, the input end of which is connected to the photovoltaic power generation module, and the photovoltaic power generation module supplies power to the photovoltaic cell through the electric energy input module, so as to facilitate the conversion of the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic power generation module into AC and DC, and transmit the electric energy to the photovoltaic cell for storage, which not only improves the stability of the photovoltaic cell when charging, but also ensures the safety during charging.

[0009] The first circuit breaker is installed between the power input module and the input end of the photovoltaic cell, and is used for opening and closing between the power input module and the photovoltaic cell. When the photovoltaic cell is in an abnormal state, the photovoltaic power generation module stops charging the photovoltaic cell by controlling the opening of the first circuit breaker, and adjusts the distribution task during charging through the power input module to distribute the power to other photovoltaic cells, so as to isolate the photovoltaic cells that need operation and maintenance.

[0010] The detection module is connected to the photovoltaic cell and is used to monitor the internal resistance, current and voltage in the photovoltaic cell module. The internal resistance, current and voltage are used to collect the operating status data of the photovoltaic cell, and after summarizing and combing, the data is transmitted to the monitoring module to determine the operating status of the photovoltaic cell and whether there is any abnormality.

[0011] A monitoring module is electrically connected to the detection module, and is used to receive the results monitored by each detection module and determine the status of the photovoltaic cell. The collected detection data is collected and summarized through the monitoring module, and each photovoltaic cell is numbered. The collected data is matched with the number and grouped for processing. When one group of data is abnormal, it is determined that the photovoltaic cell with the corresponding number has an operating abnormality, which is convenient for issuing an alarm and responding in time to isolate the photovoltaic cell with the abnormality to avoid danger and impact on other photovoltaic cells.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, there are several photovoltaic cells to form a photovoltaic cell group, and the input end of each photovoltaic cell is fixedly installed with a first circuit breaker, the output end of the photovoltaic cell is fixedly installed with a second circuit breaker for circuit breaking, and the output end of the second circuit breaker is connected to an electric energy output module, the photovoltaic cell supplies power to the household load through the electric energy output module, and when in use, the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic power generation module is distributed and stored through several groups of the photovoltaic cells, and several groups of the photovoltaic cells are numbered in the monitoring module, and when the data detected by one group of the photovoltaic cells is abnormal, the first circuit breaker and the second circuit breaker are disconnected, so that the photovoltaic cells in the abnormal state are isolated from the entire system, so as to facilitate the inspection or replacement of the photovoltaic cells in the abnormal state, and avoid affecting the operation of the entire photovoltaic power generation system during operation and maintenance.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the electric energy input module adopts an inverter with voltage stabilization and current shunting functions, which is used to distribute the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module to each of the photovoltaic cells and charge the photovoltaic cells. By using the inverter with voltage stabilization and current shunting functions as the electric energy input module, it is convenient to stably charge the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic power generation module into each group of the photovoltaic cells for storage, and after one group of the photovoltaic cells is isolated due to an abnormality, the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic power generation module is distributed to the other photovoltaic cells through the electric energy input module, thereby improving the operating stability of the entire photovoltaic power generation system, facilitating the reasonable distribution of electric energy, and protecting the photovoltaic cells through voltage stabilization.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, there are several detection modules, and the number of the detection modules is the same as the number of the photovoltaic cells. A microprocessor is fixedly installed between the detection modules. The detection module processes the detection result through the microprocessor and transmits it to the monitoring module to judge the state of each photovoltaic cell. Through the microprocessor, it is convenient to summarize the data of several groups of photovoltaic cells detected by several groups of detection modules, and uniformly transmit them to the monitoring module in real time. The monitoring module analyzes and processes the data to judge whether there are any photovoltaic cells operating in abnormal conditions among the several photovoltaic cells, so as to facilitate timely early warning and processing.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the power input module and the power output module are both electrically connected to the monitoring module and are controlled by the instructions of the monitoring module. Through the monitoring module, it is convenient to monitor the input power and output power of the photovoltaic cell in real time, to monitor the power supply and transmission conditions, to assist in judging the power operation status of the entire photovoltaic cell system, and to regulate the power input module and the power output module through the monitoring module to control the charging and discharging status of the photovoltaic cell.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the detection module includes an internal resistance detection module for detecting the internal resistance of the photovoltaic cell, a voltage detection module for detecting the voltage of the photovoltaic cell, and a current detection module for detecting the current of the photovoltaic cell, and the detection module transmits the detected data to the monitoring module, and performs real-time detection of the internal resistance, voltage and current inside the photovoltaic cell through the internal resistance detection module, the voltage detection module and the current detection module, so as to facilitate the judgment of whether there is an abnormality in the operating state of the photovoltaic cell, and judge the real-time voltage and current inside the photovoltaic cell, so as to avoid the existence of excessive voltage or excessive current, which causes the photovoltaic cell to be in a fault state when in use, improve the safety of the entire system during operation, facilitate timely operation and maintenance of the photovoltaic cell, avoid the photovoltaic cell working in an abnormal state, resulting in a reduction in service life, and facilitate timely processing.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the monitoring module includes a monitoring host, and the monitored data is processed by the monitoring host. The monitoring module also includes a wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module is wirelessly connected to the monitoring terminal. Through the wireless communication module, it is convenient to remotely transmit the monitoring information and data, facilitate remote monitoring and control, improve the convenience and timeliness of monitoring, and facilitate operation and maintenance personnel to promptly discover abnormalities and handle them in a timely manner.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the monitoring terminal includes a computer and a handheld mobile terminal. Through the computer and the handheld mobile terminal, when the photovoltaic cell is running, remote monitoring is convenient, and when an abnormality occurs during operation, remote alarm is convenient, thereby improving the convenience of monitoring.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the photovoltaic cell is also electrically connected to an external power grid through the power input module and the power output module. By connecting to the external power grid, during use, it is convenient to supply the remaining power in the photovoltaic cell except for the power used by the household load to the power grid, and when the photovoltaic power generation module generates less power, the energy storage inside the photovoltaic cell is supplemented through the external power grid, thereby improving the stability of the use of household loads.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the monitoring module includes a reflection spectrum measuring instrument and a monitoring camera for detecting dust on the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic power generation module, and the reflection spectrum measuring instrument and the monitoring camera are installed at diagonal positions of the photovoltaic panels.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention uses a first circuit breaker and a second circuit breaker to separate each group of photovoltaic cells individually, so that when one of the photovoltaic cells fails or needs maintenance, it is convenient to disconnect and isolate, thereby avoiding shutdown of the entire system.

[0022] 2. The present invention equips each group of photovoltaic cells with a separate detection module, thereby facilitating the monitoring of individual photovoltaic cells, improving the accuracy of monitoring and the convenience of operation and maintenance of each photovoltaic cell, and avoiding affecting the monitoring of other photovoltaic cells during operation and maintenance.

[0023] 3. The present invention facilitates remote monitoring through the monitoring module and the monitoring terminal, thereby improving the convenience during operation and use.

[0024] 4. The present invention uses a reflection spectrum measuring instrument to classify the adhesion state of dust on the photovoltaic panel, judge whether the photovoltaic panel needs to be cleaned, and remind the cleaning situation according to the weather conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 It is the overall diagram of the system framework of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a system framework diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Specific examples are given below.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a battery monitoring unit for photovoltaic power generation includes a photovoltaic power generation module, on which a monitoring module for monitoring weather and photovoltaic power generation modules is fixedly installed. Through external sunlight, light energy is converted into electrical energy, and the electrical energy is stored in photovoltaic cells. The photovoltaic cells are used to store the energy converted from light energy to electrical energy by the photovoltaic power generation module, and are used as energy storage components to supply power to external power grids or household loads to improve the stability of power supply. An electric energy input module, the input end of the electric energy input module is connected to the photovoltaic power generation module, and the photovoltaic power generation module supplies power to the photovoltaic cell through the electric energy input module, which is convenient for converting the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic power generation module into AC and DC, and transmitting the electric energy to the photovoltaic cell for storage, which not only improves the stability of charging the photovoltaic cell, but also ensures the safety during charging. A first circuit breaker is installed between the electric energy input module and the input end of the photovoltaic cell, and is used for opening and closing between the electric energy input module and the photovoltaic cell. When the photovoltaic cell is in an abnormal state, the first circuit breaker is controlled to be disconnected, so that the photovoltaic cell is The power generation module stops charging the photovoltaic cell, and adjusts the distribution task during charging through the power input module, and distributes the power to other photovoltaic cells, so as to isolate the photovoltaic cells that need operation and maintenance. The detection module is connected to the photovoltaic cell and is used to monitor the internal resistance, current and voltage in the photovoltaic cell module. Through the internal resistance, current and voltage, it is convenient to collect the operation status data of the photovoltaic cell, and after summarizing and combing, transmit it to the monitoring module to judge the operation status of the photovoltaic cell and whether there is an abnormality. The monitoring module is electrically connected to the detection module to receive the results monitored by each detection module and judge the status of the photovoltaic cell. Through the monitoring module, the collected detection data is collected and summarized, and each photovoltaic cell is numbered. The collected data is matched with the number and grouped. When one group of data is abnormal, it is judged that the photovoltaic cell with the corresponding number has an operation abnormality, which is convenient for issuing an alarm and responding in time to isolate the abnormal photovoltaic cell to avoid danger and affect other photovoltaic cells.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, there are several photovoltaic cells to form a photovoltaic cell group, and a first circuit breaker is fixedly installed at the input end of each photovoltaic cell, and a second circuit breaker for circuit breaking is fixedly installed at the output end of the photovoltaic cell, and the output end of the second circuit breaker is connected to an electric energy output module. The photovoltaic cell supplies power to the household load through the electric energy output module. When in use, the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic power generation module is distributed and stored through several groups of photovoltaic cells, and several groups of photovoltaic cells are numbered in the monitoring module. When the data detected by one group of photovoltaic cells is abnormal, the first circuit breaker and the second circuit breaker are disconnected. , so that the photovoltaic cells in abnormal state can be isolated from the entire system, which is convenient for the inspection or replacement of the photovoltaic cells in abnormal state, avoiding affecting the operation of the entire photovoltaic power generation system during operation and maintenance. The power input module adopts an inverter with voltage stabilization and shunt function, which is used to distribute the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module to each photovoltaic cell and charge the photovoltaic cell. The inverter with voltage stabilization and shunt function is used as the power input module, which is convenient for the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic power generation module to be stably charged into each group of photovoltaic cells for storage, and after one group of photovoltaic cells is abnormal and isolated, the power input The input module distributes the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic power generation module to other photovoltaic cells, improves the operation stability of the entire photovoltaic power generation system, facilitates the reasonable distribution of electric energy, and protects the photovoltaic cells through voltage stabilization. There are several detection modules, and the number of detection modules is the same as that of photovoltaic cells. A microprocessor is fixedly installed between the detection modules. The detection module processes the detection result through the microprocessor and transmits it to the monitoring module to judge the state of each photovoltaic cell. Through the microprocessor, it is convenient to summarize the data detected by several groups of detection modules on several groups of photovoltaic cells, and uniformly send it to the monitoring module in real time. The monitoring module analyzes and processes the data to determine whether there are any photovoltaic cells operating in abnormal conditions among a number of photovoltaic cells, so as to facilitate timely early warning and processing. The power input module and the power output module are electrically connected to the monitoring module and are controlled by the instructions of the monitoring module. Through the monitoring module, it is convenient to monitor the input power and output power of the photovoltaic cell in real time, to monitor the power supply and transmission conditions, to assist in determining the power operation status of the entire photovoltaic cell system, and to regulate the power input module and the power output module through the monitoring module to control the charging and discharging status of the photovoltaic cell.

[0031] like Figure 2As shown, the detection module includes an internal resistance detection module for detecting the internal resistance of the photovoltaic cell, a voltage detection module for detecting the voltage of the photovoltaic cell, and a current detection module for detecting the current of the photovoltaic cell, and the detection module transmits the detected data to the monitoring module, and the internal resistance, voltage and current inside the photovoltaic cell are detected in real time through the internal resistance detection module, the voltage detection module and the current detection module, so as to facilitate the judgment whether there is an abnormality in the operation state of the photovoltaic cell, and judge the real-time voltage and current inside the photovoltaic cell, so as to avoid the existence of excessive voltage or excessive current, which causes the photovoltaic cell to be in a fault state when in use, improve the safety of the entire system during operation and facilitate timely operation and maintenance of the photovoltaic cell, avoid the photovoltaic cell working in an abnormal state, resulting in a reduction in service life, and facilitate timely processing. The monitoring module includes a monitoring host, and the monitored data is processed by the monitoring host. The monitoring module also includes a wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module The module is wirelessly connected to a monitoring terminal. Through the wireless communication module, it is convenient to remotely transmit monitoring information and data, facilitate remote monitoring and control, improve the convenience and timeliness of monitoring, and facilitate operation and maintenance personnel to promptly discover abnormalities and handle them in a timely manner. The wireless communication module is connected to an external network to obtain weather information in real time. When the external weather is not sunny enough, the information is sent to the monitoring terminal, and the user is reminded of the real-time power generation status through the monitoring terminal. The user is reminded of the power generation status of the photovoltaic power generation module, and the power generation power of the photovoltaic power generation module is used to determine whether the power generation is normal. When the power generation power is lower than the normal power generation power, the wireless communication module sends a reminder message to the monitoring terminal to remind the staff to check the photovoltaic power generation module to avoid the photovoltaic power generation module being blocked or dusty, and remind the staff to clean the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic power generation module to ensure normal power generation power.

[0032] The wireless communication module also grades the weather obtained from the external network, dividing it into sunny, cloudy and rainy days, and when obtaining the weather, obtains the humidity conditions at the location of the photovoltaic power generation module, and analyzes the humidity in the air, dividing it into dry, moist and humid, and sends the weather information and air humidity information to the monitoring terminal in real time through the wireless communication module.

[0033] The monitoring terminal includes a computer and a handheld mobile terminal. Through the computer and the handheld mobile terminal, it is convenient to perform remote monitoring when the photovoltaic cell is running, and when an abnormality occurs during operation, it is convenient to remotely alarm, thereby improving the convenience of monitoring. The photovoltaic cell is also electrically connected to the external power grid through an electric energy input module and an electric energy output module. By connecting to the external power grid, during use, it is convenient to supply the remaining electric energy in the photovoltaic cell except for the electric energy used by the household load to the power grid, and when the photovoltaic power generation module generates less power, the external power grid is used to supplement the energy storage inside the photovoltaic cell, thereby improving the stability of household load use.

[0034] The monitoring module includes a reflection spectrum measuring instrument and a monitoring camera for detecting dust on the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic power generation module. The reflection spectrum measuring instrument and the monitoring camera are installed at diagonal positions of the photovoltaic panels to facilitate monitoring of the photovoltaic power generation module. When dust is present, the staff will be notified to clean it.

[0035] The reflectance spectrum measuring instrument is of the model TH-HS1 or a measuring instrument of the same type on the market.

[0036] The monitoring camera adopts a monitoring camera with a sound effect. The monitoring camera is installed in a diagonal state on the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic power generation module. The image data collected by the monitoring camera is transmitted to the monitoring terminal through the wireless communication module, and then the surface of the photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic power generation module can be intuitively monitored through the monitoring terminal. Through the monitoring terminal, it can be intuitively observed whether there is dust or obstruction on the surface of the photovoltaic power generation module. When there are birds and animals staying on the photovoltaic panel outside, the monitoring terminal identifies the type of bird, and promptly emits a driving sound matching the corresponding bird natural enemy through the sound unit in the monitoring camera to drive the bird away.

[0037] The reflectance spectrum measuring instrument scans the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic power generation module in real time. When dust is attached to the photovoltaic panels, the reflected light received by the reflectance spectrum measuring instrument is different from the reflected light when no dust is attached, thereby judging whether there is dust on the photovoltaic panels. When scanning, the dust adhesion is graded into level one, level two, level three and level four, wherein level one is a slight degree of influence on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panels by 5%, level two is a slight degree of influence on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panels by 5%-10%, level three is a severe degree of influence on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panels by 10%-20%, and level four is a very severe degree of influence on the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panels by more than 20%. When the levels are level one, level two and level three, the monitoring terminal is intermittently issued with warning information through the wireless communication module to remind the staff. When the level reaches level four, the monitoring terminal is issued with a warning in real time through the wireless communication module to remind the staff that the photovoltaic panels need to be urgently cleaned to avoid affecting the power generation efficiency and affecting the use of the photovoltaic power generation module.

[0038] And when it reaches level three, the weather information obtained by the wireless communication module is used to send an emergency warning message to the monitoring terminal to remind the staff to clean the photovoltaic panels. When the weather information is used, it is necessary to simultaneously meet the conditions of cloudy weather, moist air humidity, and dust adhesion. When the weather is cloudy and the air humidity is moist, the attached dust is moist, which reduces the adhesion between the dust and the photovoltaic panels and facilitates cleaning. This avoids the situation in which the cleaned sewage quickly dries on the surface of the photovoltaic panels during the cleaning process when the weather is sunny, making cleaning too difficult, or leaves water stains on the surface of the photovoltaic panels after cleaning when cleaning on sunny days. This improves the cleaning effect. When the weather conditions are not met, the wireless communication module intermittently sends warning messages to the monitoring terminal, and the staff determines whether to clean the photovoltaic panels, which facilitates the operation and maintenance personnel to scientifically formulate cleaning plans and avoid losses in power generation efficiency and waste of cleaning costs.

[0039] In this embodiment, multiple groups of reflective spectrum measuring instruments are configured according to the coverage range of the photovoltaic panel, that is, multiple groups of reflective spectrum measuring instruments are provided to monitor each area of ​​the photovoltaic panel respectively; in addition, each reflective spectrum measuring instrument is configured with a position positioning unit in the prior art, and the coordinate position information of the reflective spectrum measuring instrument and the corresponding photovoltaic panel area is obtained through the position positioning unit, and the coordinate position information is fed back to the monitoring terminal; through the above settings, when foreign objects such as dust / leaves or bird droppings on the photovoltaic panels in a certain coordinate position area affect the power generation efficiency, the photovoltaic panels in the area can be quickly located and more accurately fed back to the staff for cleaning, thereby minimizing the impact on the power generation efficiency.

[0040] In this embodiment, in order to be able to quickly and accurately locate a certain area of ​​the photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel as a whole can be divided into multiple areas. Specifically, the photovoltaic panel as a whole is formed by multiple photovoltaic panel units connected in a matrix distribution. At this time, the coordinates of the photovoltaic panel units distributed in the matrix can be marked. For example, a photovoltaic panel unit is located in the nth row and nth column. Therefore, when foreign objects such as dust / leaves or bird droppings on the photovoltaic panel units in a certain coordinate position area affect the power generation efficiency, the information of the nth row and nth column of the photovoltaic panel unit can be fed back to the monitoring terminal. The staff can quickly and accurately know the coordinates of the corresponding photovoltaic panel units through the display of the monitoring terminal, so as to quickly and accurately locate the photovoltaic panels in the area and more accurately feedback to the staff for cleaning.

[0041] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery monitoring unit for photovoltaic power generation, characterized in that: include: A photovoltaic power generation module, on which a monitoring module for monitoring weather and the photovoltaic power generation module is installed; Photovoltaic cells; An electric energy input module, the input end of which is connected to the photovoltaic power generation module, and the photovoltaic power generation module supplies power to the photovoltaic cell through the electric energy input module; A first circuit breaker is installed between the power input module and the input end of the photovoltaic cell, and is used for opening and closing between the power input module and the photovoltaic cell; A detection module, the detection module is connected to the photovoltaic cell and is used to monitor the internal resistance, current and voltage in the photovoltaic cell module; A monitoring module is electrically connected to the detection module, and is used to receive the results monitored by each detection module and determine the status of the photovoltaic cell.

2. A photovoltaic power generation battery monitoring unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of photovoltaic cells to form a photovoltaic cell group, and a first circuit breaker is fixedly installed at the input end of each photovoltaic cell, a second circuit breaker for breaking the circuit is fixedly installed at the output end of the photovoltaic cell, and an electric energy output module is connected to the output end of the second circuit breaker, and the photovoltaic cell supplies power to household loads through the electric energy output module.

3. A photovoltaic power generation battery monitoring unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric energy input module adopts an inverter with voltage stabilization and current shunting functions, which is used to distribute the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation module to each of the photovoltaic cells to charge the photovoltaic cells.

4. A photovoltaic power generation battery monitoring unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are several detection modules, and the number of the detection modules is the same as the number of the photovoltaic cells. A microprocessor is fixedly installed between the detection modules. The detection module processes the detection results through the microprocessor and transmits them to the monitoring module to determine the status of each photovoltaic cell.

5. A photovoltaic power generation battery monitoring unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power input module and the power output module are both electrically connected to the monitoring module and are controlled by instructions from the monitoring module.

6. A photovoltaic power generation battery monitoring unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection module includes an internal resistance detection module for detecting the internal resistance of the photovoltaic cell, a voltage detection module for detecting the voltage of the photovoltaic cell, and a current detection module for detecting the current of the photovoltaic cell, and the detection module transmits the detected data to the monitoring module.

7. A photovoltaic power generation battery monitoring unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring module includes a monitoring host, and the monitored data is processed by the monitoring host. The monitoring module also includes a wireless communication module, and the wireless communication module is wirelessly connected to the monitoring terminal.

8. A photovoltaic power generation battery monitoring unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The monitoring terminal includes a computer and a handheld mobile terminal.

9. A photovoltaic power generation battery monitoring unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cell is also electrically connected to an external power grid through the power input module and the power output module.

10. A photovoltaic power generation battery monitoring unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring module comprises a reflection spectrum measuring instrument and a monitoring camera for detecting dust on the photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic power generation module. The reflection spectrum measuring instrument and the monitoring camera are installed at diagonal positions of the photovoltaic panel.

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