Fire extinguishing agent special for forest grassland

Abstract

The invention discloses a fire extinguishing agent special for forest and grassland in the technical field of fire extinguishing agents for forest and grassland. The fire extinguishing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3.5 parts of a surfactant, 60-75 parts of a high-concentration flame retardant, 1-2 parts of a high-strength penetrant, 0.5-1.0 part of a composite thickener, 3-5 parts of a stabilizer, 0.5-1 part of a crosslinking aid, 2-4 parts of a hydrophobic component, 1-2 parts of an anti-blocking agent and 15-20 parts of deionized water. According to the fire extinguishing agent special for the forest grassland, the added high-strength penetrating agent and the added composite thickening agent can be attached to the periphery of the grassland, so that the fire extinguishing agent is not prone to being blown away by air waves or strong wind formed by big fire, the fire extinguishing agent can directly reach the root of a fire source, the fire extinguishing speed and efficiency are improved, the using amount of the fire extinguishing agent is reduced, and the fire extinguishing cost is reduced; and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is added as a flame retardant, so that re-combustion of a forest fire can be effectively prevented, or the re-combustion time of the forest fire can be remarkably prolonged, and more time is provided for manually cleaning a fire scene to ensure that the forest fire is completely extinguished.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of forest and grassland fire extinguishing agents, and in particular relates to a special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands. Background Art

[0002] At present, the fire extinguishing methods for high-intensity surface fires and crown fires in forests and grasslands include opening fire trenches or fire lines. The method uses manual tools and mechanical equipment, such as machetes, chainsaws, brush cutters, hoes, bulldozers, excavators, etc. to open isolation belts in the direction of forest fire burning, remove all or part of the combustibles, and cut off the continuity of the combustibles. This method is both safe and efficient, but affected by geological conditions and vegetation distribution, the opening of isolation belts mainly relies on manual work, and the workload is large. Now it mainly relies on large machinery, such as excavators, bulldozers, etc., which has good results but requires large investment.

[0003] Secondly, the ignition method, also known as the "fire attack method", relies on favorable terrain such as roads, fire prevention passages, exposed and open areas to artificially ignite fires (fire lines) to make the forest fires burning in opposite directions connect, causing the joint to suddenly lack oxygen and lose the conditions for combustion. This method is suitable for when the fire of the rapidly advancing surface fire is fierce, isolation belts or natural obstacles such as roads and ditches cannot effectively isolate the fire, and there is no time to open up fire isolation belts.

[0004] Then, the blasting fire extinguishing method uses explosives such as fire extinguishing bombs and dynamite to extinguish the fire. The fire extinguishing principle is that on the one hand, the explosion produces airflow to dilute the air, and on the other hand, the explosion can disperse the combustibles and reduce the intensity of combustion. At the same time, the raw soil blasted out can also slow down the combustion.

[0005] However, the above-mentioned conventional fire extinguishing agents have many disadvantages such as poor penetration into tree trunks, thin protective layer formed, easy destruction of fire isolation belts, and easy re-ignition. Especially for forest and grassland environments, there is still a need for a fire extinguishing agent that can instantly penetrate into tree trunks and form a protective layer and does not re-ignite. Therefore, a special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the many shortcomings of existing conventional fire extinguishing agents, such as poor penetration into tree trunks, thin protective layer formed, easy destruction of fire isolation belts, and easy re-ignition, the present invention proposes a special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands. By adding highly concentrated flame retardants, it can be applied to any fire-fighting equipment, and adds penetrants, flame retardants, and anti-burning agents. During the spraying process, it instantly penetrates into the trunks and under the vegetation to form a protective layer. It has good flame retardant properties and can quickly form a fire isolation belt. It is better than the original isolation belt excavated by manpower and mechanical equipment. The isolation belt is formed during the fire extinguishing process to protect the lives and safety of firefighters.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted: The present invention provides a special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 2-3.5 parts of surfactant, 60-75 parts of high-concentration flame retardant, 1-2 parts of high-strength penetrant, 0.5-1.0 parts of composite thickener, 3-5 parts of stabilizer, 0.5-1 parts of cross-linking aid, 2-4 parts of hydrophobic component, 1-2 parts of anti-caking agent, and 15-20 parts of deionized water.

[0008] Furthermore, the forest-grassland special fire extinguishing agent is prepared by the following steps:

[0009] S1. Weigh the highly concentrated flame retardant, composite thickener, deionized water, hydrophobic component and high-strength penetrant, and transport them to a mixer by a hoist for mixing, so that the highly concentrated flame retardant, composite thickener, deionized water, hydrophobic component and high-strength penetrant are fully mixed to obtain a first mixed material;

[0010] S2, sending the first mixed material after being fully mixed in step 1 into a dryer for drying, and performing step 3 when the first mixed material is dried to a moisture content of less than 0.18%;

[0011] S3, feeding the first mixed material after drying in step 2 into a pulverizer for pulverization, and the particle size after pulverization is 60-70um;

[0012] S4, weighing the surfactant, stabilizer, and cross-linking aid and adding them to the first mixed material after the treatment in step 3, and then transporting them to the mixer by a hoist for mixing, so that the added surfactant, stabilizer, and cross-linking aid are fully mixed with the first mixed material crushed in step 3 to obtain a secondary mixed material;

[0013] S5, sending the secondary mixture obtained in step 4 into a dryer for drying, and performing step 6 when the secondary mixture is dried to a moisture content of less than 0.23%;

[0014] S6, sending the secondary material processed in step 5 into a pulverizer for pulverization, and the particle size after pulverization is 1.4-2.3 mm;

[0015] S7. Add an anti-caking agent to the secondary material treated in step 6 to obtain a special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands.

[0016] Furthermore, the hydrophobic component comprises hydrophobic silica and methyl high hydrogen silicone oil, the mass ratio of the hydrophobic silica to the methyl high hydrogen silicone oil is 1-2:1, and the particle size of the hydrophobic silica is less than 800 mesh.

[0017] Furthermore, the composite thickener is composed of one or more of sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyethylene oxide, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0018] Furthermore, the cross-linking auxiliary agent consists of triallyl isocyanurate and aluminum polyacrylate.

[0019] Furthermore, the high-strength penetrant is one or any two or more of lead acetate, ammonia water, and lead iodide, and the amount used is 0.1% to 0.6% of the total weight of the monomers.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The fire extinguishing agent provided by the present invention can be applied to any fire-fighting equipment. With the addition of penetrants, flame retardants and anti-burning agents, it can instantly penetrate into tree trunks and vegetation during spraying to form a protective layer. It has good flame retardant properties and can quickly form a fire isolation zone, which is better than the original isolation zone dug by manpower and mechanical equipment. At the same time, an isolation zone is formed during the fire-fighting process to protect the lives and safety of firefighters.

[0022] 2. The high-strength penetrant and composite thickener added in the present invention can be attached to the periphery of the grassland, so that it is not easily blown away by the air waves or strong winds formed by the fire. Since it can directly reach the root of the fire source, the speed and efficiency of fire extinguishing are improved, the amount of fire extinguishing agent used is reduced, and the cost of fire extinguishing is reduced.

[0023] 3. The present invention adds ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as a flame retardant, which can effectively prevent the forest fire from burning again and significantly prolong its burning time, which provides more time for manual cleaning of the fire scene to ensure that the forest fire is completely extinguished.

[0024] 4. The high-strength penetrant in the present invention enhances the penetration and diffusion power of the fire extinguishing agent. The product can quickly destroy the surface tension of water molecules and simultaneously refine the water molecules, allowing it to have faster conductivity and penetration. It can quickly absorb heat from deep inside the fire source and then quickly dissipate the heat, converting the heat source into water vapor in the first place. The strong diffusion power enables the fire extinguishing agent to quickly wrap, cover, and diffuse to a larger area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a bar graph of the fire extinguishing effect of the fire extinguishing agent obtained in each embodiment and comparative example.

[0026] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all professional and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those familiar to those skilled in the art. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be applied to the present invention. The preferred implementation methods and materials described herein are for demonstration purposes only and are not intended to limit the content of this application.

[0029] The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the experimental materials used in the following examples are purchased from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A special fire extinguishing agent for forest and grassland

[0032] The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3.5 parts of surfactant, 60-75 parts of high-concentration flame retardant, 1-2 parts of high-strength penetrant, 0.5-1.0 parts of composite thickener, 3-5 parts of stabilizer, 0.5-1 parts of cross-linking aid, 2-4 parts of hydrophobic component, 1-2 parts of anti-caking agent and 15-20 parts of deionized water.

[0033] Furthermore, the forest-grassland special fire extinguishing agent is prepared by the following steps:

[0034] S1. Weigh the highly concentrated flame retardant, composite thickener, deionized water, hydrophobic component and high-strength penetrant, and transport them to a mixer by a hoist for mixing, so that the highly concentrated flame retardant, composite thickener, deionized water, hydrophobic component and high-strength penetrant are fully mixed to obtain a first mixed material;

[0035] S2, sending the first mixed material after being fully mixed in step 1 into a dryer for drying, and performing step 3 when the first mixed material is dried to a moisture content of less than 0.18%;

[0036] S3, feeding the first mixed material after drying in step 2 into a pulverizer for pulverization, and the particle size after pulverization is 60-70um;

[0037] S4, weighing the surfactant, stabilizer, and cross-linking aid and adding them to the first mixed material after the treatment in step 3, and then transporting them to the mixer by a hoist for mixing, so that the added surfactant, stabilizer, and cross-linking aid are fully mixed with the first mixed material crushed in step 3 to obtain a secondary mixed material;

[0038] S5, sending the secondary mixture obtained in step 4 into a dryer for drying, and performing step 6 when the secondary mixture is dried to a moisture content of less than 0.23%;

[0039] S6, sending the secondary material processed in step 5 into a pulverizer for pulverization, and the particle size after pulverization is 1.4-2.3 mm;

[0040] S7. Add an anti-caking agent to the secondary material treated in step 6 to obtain a special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands.

[0041] Furthermore, the hydrophobic component comprises hydrophobic silica and methyl high hydrogen silicone oil, the mass ratio of the hydrophobic silica to the methyl high hydrogen silicone oil is 1-2:1, and the particle size of the hydrophobic silica is less than 800 mesh.

[0042] Furthermore, the composite thickener is composed of one or more of sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyethylene oxide, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0043] Furthermore, the cross-linking auxiliary agent consists of triallyl isocyanurate and aluminum polyacrylate.

[0044] Furthermore, the high-strength penetrant is one or any two or more of lead acetate, ammonia water, and lead iodide, and the amount used is 0.1% to 0.6% of the total weight of the monomers.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] A special fire extinguishing agent for forest and grassland

[0047] The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3.5 parts of surfactant, 60-75 parts of high-concentration flame retardant, 1-2 parts of high-strength penetrant, 0.5-1.0 parts of composite thickener, 3-5 parts of stabilizer, 0.5-1 parts of cross-linking aid, 2-4 parts of hydrophobic component, 1-2 parts of anti-caking agent and 15-20 parts of deionized water.

[0048] Furthermore, the forest-grassland special fire extinguishing agent is prepared by the following steps:

[0049] S1. Weigh the highly concentrated flame retardant, composite thickener, deionized water, hydrophobic component and high-strength penetrant, and transport them to a mixer by a hoist for mixing, so that the highly concentrated flame retardant, composite thickener, deionized water, hydrophobic component and high-strength penetrant are fully mixed to obtain a first mixed material;

[0050] S2, sending the first mixed material after being fully mixed in step 1 into a dryer for drying, and performing step 3 when the first mixed material is dried to a moisture content greater than 0.18% and less than 0.20%;

[0051] S3, sending the first mixed material after drying in step 2 into a pulverizer for pulverization, and the particle size after pulverization is 80-90um;

[0052] S4, weighing the surfactant, stabilizer, and cross-linking aid and adding them to the first mixed material after the treatment in step 3, and then transporting them to the mixer by a hoist for mixing, so that the added surfactant, stabilizer, and cross-linking aid are fully mixed with the first mixed material crushed in step 3 to obtain a secondary mixed material;

[0053] S5, sending the secondary mixture obtained in step 4 into a dryer for drying, and performing step 6 when the secondary mixture is dried to a moisture content greater than 0.23%;

[0054] S6, sending the secondary material processed in step 5 into a pulverizer for pulverization, and the particle size after pulverization is 1.4-2.3 mm;

[0055] S7. Add an anti-caking agent to the secondary material treated in step 6 to obtain a special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands.

[0056] Furthermore, the hydrophobic component comprises hydrophobic silica and methyl high hydrogen silicone oil, the mass ratio of the hydrophobic silica to the methyl high hydrogen silicone oil is 1-2:1, and the particle size of the hydrophobic silica is less than 800 mesh.

[0057] Furthermore, the composite thickener is composed of one or more of sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyethylene oxide, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0058] Furthermore, the cross-linking auxiliary agent consists of triallyl isocyanurate and aluminum polyacrylate.

[0059] Furthermore, the high-strength penetrant is one or any two or more of lead acetate, ammonia water, and lead iodide, and the amount used is 0.1% to 0.6% of the total weight of the monomers.

[0060] Comparative Example 1

[0061] This comparative example provides a special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands, which differs from Example 1 in that the high-strength penetrant is replaced by a dispersant, and the other conditions are the same as those of the example.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] This comparative example provides a special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands. The difference between it and Example 1 lies in the type of cross-linking auxiliary agent, that is, only triallyl isocyanurate is used. Other components, component contents, and preparation process are the same as those in Example 1.

[0064] Results Analysis

[0065] The fire extinguishing agent products of Example 1-2 and Comparative Example 1-2 were dissolved in water to prepare a 0.4% fire extinguishing agent, and the fire extinguishing effect was tested. The wood piles were stacked according to the national standard GB17835-2008, with 5 wood pieces per layer, a total of 12 layers, and the gap between the wood pieces on the same layer was 4 cm. The test results are shown in Figure 1 .

[0066] The experimental steps are as follows: First, pour 250 ml of diesel into the oil pan and ignite the wood pile for 2 minutes. Then move the oil pan away from under the wood pile. When the center temperature of the wood pile approaches 700°C and the flame height reaches about 2 meters, the pre-combustion stage is considered to be over. At this moment, start spraying the fire extinguishing agent from a position 1.8 meters away from the wood pile, and spray the front, sides, top and bottom of the wood pile until the flame is completely extinguished, then stop spraying the fire extinguishing agent.

[0067] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that compared with Comparative Example 1-2, the fire extinguishing effect of Example 1-2 of the present invention is better.

[0068] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0069] The present invention and its implementation methods are described above, which is not restrictive. The drawings are only one of the implementation methods of the present invention, and the actual application is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it and design methods and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands, characterized by: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3.5 parts of surfactant, 60-75 parts of high-concentration flame retardant, 1-2 parts of high-strength penetrant, 0.5-1.0 parts of composite thickener, 3-5 parts of stabilizer, 0.5-1 parts of cross-linking aid, 2-4 parts of hydrophobic component, 1-2 parts of anti-caking agent and 15-20 parts of deionized water.

2. A special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forest-grassland special fire extinguishing agent is prepared by the following steps: S1. Weigh the highly concentrated flame retardant, composite thickener, deionized water, hydrophobic component and high-strength penetrant, and transport them to a mixer by a hoist for mixing, so that the highly concentrated flame retardant, composite thickener, deionized water, hydrophobic component and high-strength penetrant are fully mixed to obtain a first mixed material; S2, sending the first mixed material after being fully mixed in step 1 into a dryer for drying, and performing step 3 when the first mixed material is dried to a moisture content of less than 0.18%; S3, feeding the first mixed material after drying in step 2 into a pulverizer for pulverization, and the particle size after pulverization is 60-70um; S4, weighing the surfactant, stabilizer, and cross-linking aid and adding them to the first mixed material after the treatment in step 3, and then transporting them to the mixer by a hoist for mixing, so that the added surfactant, stabilizer, and cross-linking aid are fully mixed with the first mixed material crushed in step 3 to obtain a secondary mixed material; S5, sending the secondary mixture obtained in step 4 into a dryer for drying, and performing step 6 when the secondary mixture is dried to a moisture content of less than 0.23%; S6, sending the secondary material processed in step 5 into a pulverizer for pulverization, and the particle size after pulverization is 1.4-2.3 mm; S7. Add an anti-caking agent to the secondary material treated in step 6 to obtain a special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands.

3. A special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrophobic component comprises hydrophobic white carbon black and methyl high hydrogen silicone oil, the mass ratio of the hydrophobic white carbon black to the methyl high hydrogen silicone oil is 1-2:1, and the particle size of the hydrophobic white carbon black is less than 800 meshes.

4. A special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surfactant is composed of one or more selected from lecithin, saponin and casein.

5. A special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stabilizer is cocamidopropyl betaine.

6. A special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flame retardant is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.

7. A special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands according to claim 6, characterized in that: The composite thickener is composed of one or more of sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyethylene oxide and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

8. The special fire extinguishing agent for forest and grassland according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cross-linking auxiliary agent consists of triallyl isocyanurate and aluminum polyacrylate.

9. A special fire extinguishing agent for forests and grasslands according to claim 8, characterized in that: The high-strength penetrant is one of lead acetate, ammonia water and lead iodide or any two or more thereof, and the amount used is 0.1% to 0.6% of the total weight of the monomers.

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