Thickener rake frame system and anti-overload method thereof
By introducing torque sensors and driving devices into the thickener and adjusting the angle of the rotating blade, the problem of excessive rotation load of the rake arm is solved, and the effect of reducing the load of the rake arm and avoiding the risk of breakage is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411991291.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-21
AI Technical Summary
When existing thickeners deal with precipitated materials that are too dense and thick, the rake arm rotation load is too large, resulting in excessive root stress and inability to drive the torque tube.
By designing a torque sensor and a driving device in a dense machine, when the torque exceeds the set value, the angle of the rotating blade is adjusted so as to be perpendicular to the length extension line of the rake arm, thereby reducing the rotational load of the rake arm.
It effectively reduces the operating resistance and load of the rake arm, avoids the risk of fracture and fatigue damage caused by excessive stress at the root of the rake arm, and ensures the normal driving of the torque tube.
Smart Images
Figure CN119656661A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the field of thickeners. Background Art
[0002] During the operation of the thickener, solid particles gradually settle to the bottom surface of the conical pool under the action of gravity to form a sedimentation layer; the bottom scrapers on the lower side of the rake arm continuously scrape the dense sediment on the bottom surface of the conical pool, and during the continuous rotation of the rake arm, the scrapers at the bottom of the rake arm gradually push the sediment on the bottom surface of the conical pool to the discharge channel in the discharge pipe; when the sediment material accumulated on the bottom surface of the conical pool of the thickening tank is too dense and too thick, it will cause the rake arm to have too much rotation load, which will cause excessive stress at the root of the rake arm and the risk of fracture and fatigue damage; at the same time, due to the excessive operating load of the rake arm, the torque tube will also be unable to be driven by the drive device. Summary of the invention
[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a thickener rake system and an anti-overload method thereof, which can reduce the load by changing the scraper when the rake arm rotation load is too large.
[0004] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a thickener rake system of the present invention includes a torque tube, a rake arm and a thickener tank body; the thickener tank body includes a conical tank bottom, a discharge pipe is arranged at the lower end of the conical tank bottom, a discharge channel is inside the discharge pipe, the torque tube is coaxially above the discharge channel, a plurality of rake arm connecting seats are arranged in a circle around the lower end of the torque tube, and the root of each rake arm is fixed on each rake arm connecting seat respectively; a plurality of bottom scrapers parallel to each other are installed in an array along the length direction on the lower side of the rake arm, and the head and tail of any two adjacent bottom scrapers overlap in the vertical lateral viewing angle of the rake arm.
[0005] Furthermore, a pull rod connecting seat is arranged on the upper side of each rake frame arm away from the rake frame arm connecting seat, and the pull rod connecting seat is connected to the upper end of the torque tube through an oblique pull rod.
[0006] Furthermore, the length direction of each bottom scraper is arranged at an angle of 30° to 60° with the extension direction of the rake arm.
[0007] Furthermore, a plurality of fixed connection holes are arranged at the upper end of each bottom scraper, and the plurality of fixed connection holes at the upper end of the bottom scraper are locked and fixed to the locking piece at the lower side of the rake frame arm.
[0008] Furthermore, the bottom scraper is composed of a rectangular blade frame and a rotating blade. In the initial state, the rotating blade is parallel to the inner side of the rectangular blade frame; a plurality of fixed connection holes on the upper side of each rectangular blade frame are locked and fixed to the locking piece on the lower side of the rake frame arm.
[0009] Furthermore, a vertical rotating cylinder is integrally provided in the middle of the rotating blade, and a left section of the blade and a right section of the blade are integrally provided on both sides of the rotating cylinder symmetrically; a vertical axis is fixedly provided in the middle of the inner side of the rectangular blade frame, and the rotating cylinder is coaxially rotatably sleeved outside the vertical axis; a vertical limit strip is integrally provided at the end edge of the left section of the blade, and when the rotating blade is parallel to the inner side of the rectangular blade frame, the limit strip limits contact with a side of the rectangular blade frame away from the torque tube, thereby preventing the rotating blade from rotating counterclockwise around the vertical axis when viewed from a top view.
[0010] Furthermore, it also includes two steel wire traction ropes extending along the length direction of the rake frame arm, which are respectively a first steel wire traction rope and a second steel wire traction rope. The left section of each rotating blade is fixedly connected to the first steel wire traction rope, and the right section of each rotating blade is fixedly connected to the second steel wire traction rope; one end of the first steel wire traction rope close to the rake frame arm connecting seat is connected to the rake frame arm connecting seat through a pulling spring, and the first steel wire traction rope is tightened under the pulling of the pulling spring, and each rotating blade has a tendency to rotate counterclockwise around the vertical axis in a top view, and because the limit bar limits the contact with the side of the rectangular blade frame away from the torque tube, the rotating blade in the initial state is stably parallel to the inner side of the rectangular blade frame;
[0011] A rotary drive device is coaxially fixedly installed on the inner side of the lower end of the torque tube, and the output end of the rotary drive device is a rotary output shaft extending downward, and a winding disk is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotary output shaft, and the end of the second steel wire traction rope close to the torque tube is connected to the winding disk. When the winding disk rotates, the end of the second steel wire traction rope close to the torque tube is gradually wound on the winding disk.
[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a driving device capable of applying torque to the torque tube, and a torque sensor is arranged on the torque tube.
[0013] Furthermore, the working method of the thickener rake system is as follows: when the torque detected by the torque sensor on the torque tube exceeds the set value, the rotating output shaft is controlled to rotate slowly in the forward direction, so that the second steel wire traction rope is gradually wound around the winding disk close to one end of the torque tube, until each rotating blade rotates to a point where the length direction is perpendicular to the length extension line of the rake arm, then the winding disk is paused and locked; when the torque detected by the torque sensor on the torque tube becomes significantly lower, the rotating output shaft is controlled to rotate slowly in the reverse direction, so that the winding disk gradually releases the second steel wire traction rope until the limit bar contacts the side of the rectangular blade frame away from the torque tube.
[0014] Beneficial effect: when the torque detected by the torque sensor on the torque tube of the present invention exceeds the set value, when each rotating blade rotates to a length direction perpendicular to the length extension line of the rake arm, the inner side of each rectangular blade frame changes from the original closed state to the inner side of each rectangular blade frame to form a left material passing channel window and a right material passing channel window respectively. During the rotation of the rake arm, the sediment material accumulated on the surface of the conical pool bottom can smoothly pass through the left material passing channel window and the right material passing channel window on the inner side of the rectangular blade frame, thereby reducing the running resistance and load of the rake arm. At the same time, the rotating blades perpendicular to the length extension line of the rake arm change the original "side scraping" action to "cutting" action on the sediment material accumulated on the surface of the conical pool bottom 8, thereby significantly reducing the resistance of each rotating blade when rotating with the rake arm, thereby reducing the rotation load of the rake arm; thereby avoiding the risk of fracture and fatigue damage caused by excessive stress at the root of the rake arm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the device;
[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the rake arm from a top-down perspective;
[0017] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the rotating shaft;
[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of several bottom scraper structures of the second embodiment, in which the rake frame arm is hidden;
[0019] Figure 5 For Figure 4 Based on the above, a schematic diagram is shown when each rotating blade rotates until its length direction is perpendicular to the length extension line of the rake frame arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0021] As attached Figures 1 to 5 A thickener rake system is shown, the first embodiment is as follows Figure 1 and 2As shown, it includes a torque tube 1, a rake arm 3 and a thickener tank body; the thickener tank body includes a conical bottom 8, the lower end of the conical bottom 8 is coaxially provided with a discharge pipe 9, the discharge pipe 9 is a discharge channel 11, the torque tube 1 is coaxially above the discharge channel 11, and the lower end of the torque tube 1 is circumferentially arranged with a plurality of rake arm connecting seats 10, and the root 2 of each rake arm 3 is respectively fixed on each rake arm connecting seat 10; each rake arm 3 is provided with a pull rod connecting seat 6 on the upper side away from the rake arm connecting seat 10, and the pull rod connecting seat 6 is connected to the upper end of the torque tube 1 through an oblique pull rod 4; the rake arm 3 is arranged along the conical bottom 8. The climbing direction of the pool bottom 8 extends upward, so that any local position of the rake arm 3 is always kept at a consistent distance from the inner wall of the conical pool bottom 8; a plurality of mutually parallel bottom scrapers 7 are installed in an array along the length direction on the lower side of the rake arm 3, and the length direction of each bottom scraper 7 is set at an angle of 30° to 60° to the extension direction of the rake arm 3, and is 45° in this case; in the vertical lateral viewing angle of the rake arm 3, the head and tail of any two adjacent bottom scrapers 7 overlap, so that during the synchronous rotation of the rake arm 3 with the torque tube 1, each bottom scraper 7 can scrape the dense sediment on the surface of the conical pool bottom 8 without omission.
[0022] A plurality of fixed connection holes 5 are provided at the upper end of each bottom scraper 7 , and the plurality of fixed connection holes 5 at the upper end of the bottom scraper 7 are locked and fixed to the locking member 19 at the lower side of the rake frame arm 3 .
[0023] The above structure is a highly efficient scraping structure. When the sediment accumulated on the surface of the conical bottom 8 of the concentrator is too dense and thick, the rake arm 3 will have too much rotation load, which will cause the root 2 of the rake arm 3 to be overstressed and break and fatigue damage. At the same time, the excessive running load of the rake arm 3 will also cause the torque tube 1 to be unable to be driven by the driving device. In order to avoid the above situation in this case, the following second embodiment is designed based on the "first embodiment":
[0024] The invention also comprises a driving device capable of applying torque to the torque tube 1 , and a torque sensor is arranged on the torque tube 1 .
[0025] like Figure 3 , 4As shown in Figure 5, the bottom scraper 7 is composed of a rectangular blade frame 17 and a rotating blade 18. In the initial state, the rotating blade 18 is parallel to the inner side of the rectangular blade frame 17; a plurality of fixed connection holes 5 on the upper side of each rectangular blade frame 17 are locked and fixed to the locking piece 19 on the lower side of the rake frame arm 3; a vertical rotating cylinder 22 is integrally provided in the middle of the rotating blade 18, and a blade left section 18a and a blade right section 18b are integrally provided on both sides of the rotating cylinder 22 symmetrically; a vertical shaft 23 is fixedly provided in the middle of the inner side of the rectangular blade frame 17, and the rotating cylinder 22 is coaxially rotatably sleeved outside the vertical shaft 23; a vertical limiting strip 26 is integrally provided at the end edge of the blade left section 18a, and when the rotating blade 18 is parallel to the inner side of the rectangular blade frame 17, the limiting strip 26 limits the contact with the side of the rectangular blade frame 17 away from the torque tube 1, thereby preventing the rotating blade 18 from rotating counterclockwise around the axis of the vertical shaft 23 in a top view.
[0026] It also includes two steel wire traction ropes extending along the length direction of the rake frame arm 3, which are the first steel wire traction rope 12 and the second steel wire traction rope 14 respectively. The left section 18a of each rotating blade 18 is fixedly connected to the first steel wire traction rope 12, and the right section 18b of each rotating blade 18 is fixedly connected to the second steel wire traction rope 14; the end of the first steel wire traction rope 12 close to the rake frame arm connecting seat 10 is connected to the rake frame arm connecting seat 10 through a pulling spring 13. Under the pulling of the pulling spring 13, the first steel wire traction rope 12 is tightened, and each rotating blade 18 has a tendency to rotate counterclockwise around the vertical axis 23 when viewed from a top view. Since the limit strip 26 limits the contact with the side of the rectangular blade frame 17 away from the torque tube 1, the rotating blade 18 in the initial state is stably parallel to the inner side of the rectangular blade frame 17.
[0027] A rotary drive device with a locking function, such as a hydraulic motor or an electric motor, is coaxially fixedly installed on the inner side of the lower end of the torque tube 1. The output end of the rotary drive device is a rotary output shaft 15 extending downward. A winding disk 16 is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotary output shaft 15. One end of the second steel wire traction rope 14 close to the torque tube 1 is connected to the winding disk 16. When the winding disk 16 rotates, the end of the second steel wire traction rope 14 close to the torque tube 1 is gradually wound around the winding disk 16.
[0028] The working principle of the second embodiment:
[0029] In the initial state, each rotating blade 18 has a tendency to rotate counterclockwise around the vertical axis 23 in a top view when the first steel wire traction rope 12 is pulled tautly. Since the limiting strip 26 limits the contact with the side of the rectangular blade frame 17 away from the torque tube 1, each rotating blade 18 in the initial state is stably parallel to the inner side of the rectangular blade frame 17; Figure 4 shown.
[0030] During the operation of the thickener, solid particles gradually settle to the surface of the conical bottom 8 under the action of gravity to form a sedimentation layer; at this time, the driving device applies a torque to the torque tube 1, so that the torque tube 1 rotates clockwise in a top-down perspective, so that the rake arm 3 rotates synchronously with the torque tube 1;
[0031] At this time, each bottom scraper 7 on the lower side of the rake arm 3 continuously scrapes the dense sediment on the surface of the conical pool bottom 8. Since the length direction of each bottom scraper 7 is set at an angle of 30° to 60° with the extension direction of the rake arm 3, and in the vertical lateral viewing angle of the rake arm 3, the head and tail of any two adjacent bottom scrapers 7 coincide with each other, so in the continuous rotation process of the rake arm 3, each bottom scraper 7 gradually pushes and scrapes the sediment on the surface of the conical pool bottom 8 to the discharge channel 11 in the discharge pipe 9; this state is the "high-efficiency scraping mode"; in the "high-efficiency scraping mode", the same side of the left section 18a of the rotating blade 18 and the right section 18b of the blade are subjected to lateral pressure.
[0032] In the above process, when the sediment accumulated on the surface of the conical bottom 8 of the concentrator is too dense and thick, the rotation load of the rake arm 3 will be too large, which will cause the root 2 of the rake arm 3 to be overstressed and cause the risk of fracture and fatigue damage; at the same time, the excessive operating load of the rake arm 3 will also cause the torque tube 1 to be unable to be driven by the driving device; in order to avoid the above situation, the following optimization measures are taken in this case:
[0033] When the torque detected by the torque sensor on the torque tube 1 exceeds the set value, it is determined that the rotation load of the rake arm 3 is too large. At this time, the rotating output shaft 15 is immediately controlled to rotate slowly in the positive direction, so that the end of the second steel wire traction rope 14 close to the torque tube 1 is gradually wound on the winding disk 16, and then the second steel wire traction rope 14 forces the right section 18b of each rotating blade 18 to force each rotating blade 18 to gradually rotate clockwise around the axis of the vertical axis 23 in a top view. At the same time, the first steel wire traction rope 12 adaptively stretches the pulling spring 13 along the length, so that the pulled spring 13 is adaptively elastically stretched until each rotating blade 18 rotates to a length direction perpendicular to the length extension line 51 of the rake arm 3, then pauses and locks the winding disk 16. At this time, the inner side of each rectangular blade frame 17 changes from the original closed state to the inner side of each rectangular blade frame 17, forming a left material passing channel window 24 and a right material passing channel window 25, respectively. Figure 5As shown in the figure, during the rotation of the rake arm 3, the sedimentary materials accumulated on the surface of the conical pool bottom 8 can smoothly pass through the left material through channel window 24 and the right material through channel window 25 on the inner side of the rectangular blade frame 17, thereby reducing the running resistance and load of the rake arm 3. At the same time, the rotating blades 18 perpendicular to the length extension line 51 of the rake arm 3 change the original "side scraping" action to the sedimentary materials accumulated on the surface of the conical pool bottom 8. "Cutting" action, thereby significantly reducing the resistance of each rotating blade 18 when rotating with the rake arm 3, thereby reducing the rake arm 3. Rotational load; thereby avoiding the risk of fracture and fatigue damage caused by excessive stress at the root 2 of the rake arm 3; at the same time, the rectangular blade frames 17 for the left material passing through the channel window 24 and the right material passing through the channel window 25 still act as relatively inefficient but load-reduced "bottom scraper 7", and continue to stir and gradually push the sediment on the surface of the conical bottom 8 to the discharge channel 11 in the discharge pipe 9, thereby gradually reducing the excessive thickness and density of the sediment material accumulated on the surface of the conical bottom 8 of the concentration tank. This process is recorded as "load-reducing inefficient scraping mode".
[0034] When the torque detected by the torque sensor on the torque tube 1 becomes significantly lower, it means that the thickness and density of the sedimentation material accumulated on the surface of the conical bottom 8 of the concentrator tank have returned to normal levels, and it is necessary to return to the "high-efficiency scraping mode" at this time; at this time, the rotating output shaft 15 is immediately controlled to rotate slowly in the opposite direction, so that the winding disk 16 gradually releases the second steel wire traction rope 14, and at the same time, each rotating blade 18 rotates counterclockwise around the axis of the vertical axis 23 in a top-down perspective under the traction of the pulling spring 13 and the first steel wire traction rope 12, until the limit bar 26 limits the contact with the side of the rectangular blade frame 17 away from the torque tube 1, so that each rotating blade 18 is stabilized and parallel to the inner side of the rectangular blade frame 17 again; enter the "high-efficiency scraping mode".
[0035] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A thickener rake system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a torque tube (1), a rake arm (3) and a thickener tank body; the thickener tank body comprises a conical tank bottom (8); a discharge pipe (9) is arranged at the lower end of the conical tank bottom (8); a discharge channel (11) is arranged in the discharge pipe (9); the torque tube (1) is coaxially located above the discharge channel (11); a plurality of rake arm connecting seats (10) are arranged in a circle around the lower end of the torque tube (1); the root (2) of each rake arm (3) is fixed on each rake arm connecting seat (10); a plurality of bottom scrapers (7) are arranged in parallel with each other in an array along the length direction on the lower side of the rake arm (3); in a vertical lateral viewing angle of the rake arm (3), the ends of any two adjacent bottom scrapers (7) overlap.
2. A thickener rake system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pull rod connection seat (6) is provided on the upper side of each rake arm (3) away from the rake arm connection seat (10), and the pull rod connection seat (6) is connected to the upper end of the torque tube (1) through an oblique pull rod (4).
3. A thickener rake system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length direction of each bottom scraper (7) is arranged at an angle of 30° to 60° with the extension direction of the rake frame arm (3).
4. A thickener rake system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of each bottom scraper (7) is provided with a plurality of fixed connection holes (5), and the plurality of fixed connection holes (5) at the upper end of the bottom scraper (7) are locked and fixed to a locking member (19) at the lower side of the rake frame arm (3).
5. A thickener rake system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom scraper (7) is composed of a rectangular blade frame (17) and a rotating blade (18). In an initial state, the rotating blade (18) is parallel to the inner side of the rectangular blade frame (17); a plurality of fixed connection holes (5) on the upper side of each rectangular blade frame (17) are locked and fixed to a locking piece (19) on the lower side of the rake frame arm (3).
6. A thickener rake system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A vertical rotating cylinder (22) is integrally provided in the middle of the rotating blade (18), and a blade left section (18a) and a blade right section (18b) are integrally provided on both sides of the rotating cylinder (22) symmetrically. A vertical shaft (23) is fixedly provided in the middle of the inner side of the rectangular blade frame (17), and the rotating cylinder (22) is coaxially rotatably sleeved outside the vertical shaft (23). A vertical limiting strip (26) is integrally provided at the end edge of the blade left section (18a), and when the rotating blade (18) is parallel to the inner side of the rectangular blade frame (17), the limiting strip (26) limits contact with a side surface of the rectangular blade frame (17) away from the torque tube (1), thereby preventing the rotating blade (18) from rotating counterclockwise around the axis of the vertical shaft (23) in a top view.
7. A thickener rake system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The utility model also comprises two steel wire traction ropes extending along the length direction of the rake frame arm (3), namely a first steel wire traction rope (12) and a second steel wire traction rope (14); the left blade section (18a) of each rotating blade (18) is fixedly connected to the first steel wire traction rope (12), and the right blade section (18b) of each rotating blade (18) is fixedly connected to the second steel wire traction rope (14); one end of the first steel wire traction rope (12) close to the rake frame arm connecting seat (10) is connected to the rake frame arm connecting seat (10) through a pulling spring (13); under the pulling of the pulling spring (13), the first steel wire traction rope (12) is tightened, and each rotating blade (18) has a tendency to rotate counterclockwise around the axis of the vertical axis (23) in a top view; because the limiting strip (26) limits the contact with the side of the rectangular blade frame (17) away from the torque tube (1), the rotating blade (18) in the initial state is stably parallel to the inner side of the rectangular blade frame (17); A rotary drive device is coaxially fixedly installed on the inner side of the lower end of the torque tube (1); the output end of the rotary drive device is a rotary output shaft (15) extending downward; a winding disk (16) is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotary output shaft (15); one end of the second steel wire traction rope (14) close to the torque tube (1) is connected to the winding disk (16); when the winding disk (16) rotates, one end of the second steel wire traction rope (14) close to the torque tube (1) is gradually wound around the winding disk (16).
8. A thickener rake system according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also comprises a driving device capable of applying torque to the torque tube (1), and a torque sensor is arranged on the torque tube (1).
9. A thickener rake system according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the torque detected by the torque sensor on the torque tube (1) exceeds the set value, the rotating output shaft (15) is controlled to rotate slowly in the forward direction, so that the end of the second steel wire traction rope (14) close to the torque tube (1) is gradually wound on the winding disk (16), until each rotating blade (18) rotates to a length direction perpendicular to the length extension line (51) of the rake frame arm (3), and then pauses and locks the winding disk (16), at which time the inner side of each rectangular blade frame (17) changes from the original closed state to the inner side of each rectangular blade frame (17) respectively forming a left material passing passage window (24) and a right material passing passage window (25); when the torque detected by the torque sensor on the torque tube (1) becomes significantly lower, the rotating output shaft (15) is controlled to rotate slowly in the reverse direction, so that the winding disk (16) gradually releases the second steel wire traction rope (14), until the limit strip (26) limits the contact with the side of the rectangular blade frame (17) away from the torque tube (1).