Welding pressing device and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a welding pressing device and application thereof. The welding pressing device comprises a pressing mechanism and a driving mechanism for driving the pressing mechanism to move up and down. The pressing mechanism comprises a pressing plate and a welding pressing head connected with the pressing plate, the welding pressing head comprises a pressing head body and an air blowing component connected to the lower portion of the pressing head body, the pressing head body is provided with an upper cavity, and the air blowing component is provided with a lower cavity communicated with the upper cavity; vent holes are circumferentially formed in the blowing component, the air inlet ends of the vent holes are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the top end face of the lower cavity, the air outlet ends of the vent holes are annularly arranged on the inner wall of the lower cavity, and the air inlet ends and the air outlet ends are arranged at intervals in a staggered mode; the pressure head body is provided with an air inlet pipe for shielding air to flow, and one end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with the air inlet end. The gas blowing component blows out spirally divergent gas flow, the horizontal component of the welding direction and the horizontal component of the shielding gas outlet direction are controlled to be kept opposite, plasma generated in the welding process can be effectively blown away, and therefore the quality and stability of laser welding are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery pack processing, and in particular to a welding clamping device and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the laser welding process, the busbar of the power battery module needs to be compressed first to reduce the gap between the busbar and the battery pole; during the laser welding process, when the high-energy laser beam is irradiated to the surface of the workpiece, it will cause the material to evaporate rapidly. The evaporated material (metal vapor) will further absorb the laser energy. When the energy is high enough, the atoms and molecules in the vapor will ionize to form a plasma. The cloud-like structure formed by the plasma is located between the laser beam and the surface of the workpiece, so that the laser energy is greatly lost before reaching the surface of the workpiece, resulting in a reduction in the depth of penetration. By blowing in a protective gas, the density of metal vapor in the plasma can be diluted, thereby reducing the shielding effect of the plasma. Control measures such as the direction of blowing and the size of the airflow are the key to reducing or eliminating this shielding effect. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a welding clamping device and its application, which can effectively blow out the plasma generated during the welding process by blowing out a spirally divergent airflow through a blowing component, control the welding direction and the horizontal component of the shielding gas outlet direction to remain opposite, thereby improving the quality and stability of laser welding.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] In the first aspect, the present invention discloses a welding clamping device, including a clamping mechanism and a driving mechanism for driving the clamping mechanism to move up and down; the clamping mechanism includes a connected pressure plate and a welding pressure head, the welding pressure head includes a pressure head body and a blowing component connected to the lower part of the pressure head body, wherein the pressure head body is provided with an upper cavity, and the blowing component is provided with a lower cavity connected to the upper cavity; the blowing component is provided with a vent hole connected to the lower cavity circumferentially for forming a spiral airflow; the pressure head body is provided with an air inlet pipe connected to the vent hole for the flow of protective gas.

[0006] A further solution: the air inlet ends of the vent holes are evenly distributed on the top surface of the lower cavity in the circumferential direction, and the air outlet ends are circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the lower cavity, and the air inlet ends and the air outlet ends are staggered in the circumferential direction.

[0007] A further solution: the extension line of the vent hole forms an angle of 20-30° with the central axis of the lower cavity.

[0008] A further solution: the upper cavity and the lower cavity form a cavity with a truncated cone structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom.

[0009] A further solution is that an annular groove is formed on the upper end surface of the blowing member, the air inlet ends are evenly distributed on the annular groove in the circumferential direction, and the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the annular groove.

[0010] A further solution: the pressure head body is provided with a negative pressure dust removal port connected to the upper cavity.

[0011] A further solution: further comprising a dust removal mechanism disposed on the pressing mechanism, wherein the dust removal mechanism is connected to the negative pressure dust removal port via a dust removal pipeline; and / or;

[0012] The clamping mechanism also includes a side plate connected to the pressing plate, and the side plate is connected to the driving mechanism in an upward and downward sliding manner.

[0013] A further solution: the driving mechanism includes a vertical plate slidably connected to the side plate, a clamping cylinder connected to the vertical plate, and a pressure sensor arranged at the telescopic end of the clamping cylinder, and the pressure sensor is selectively clamped on the side plate.

[0014] A further solution: the pressing plate and the welding pressing head are elastically connected via an elastic member.

[0015] A further solution: the pressing plate and the welding pressing head are elastically connected via an elastic member.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention discloses an application of the welding clamping device, specifically for galvanometer welding, using an annular welding trajectory, and the welding direction is opposite to the horizontal component of the airflow in the blowing component.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The welding head in the present invention can blow out a spirally divergent shielding gas flow, which not only significantly prevents the splashing of welding slag, but also effectively weakens the plasma shielding effect, thereby greatly improving the quality and stability of laser welding. The present invention is particularly suitable for welding operations of busbars and battery poles, in which the welding trajectory presents a ring feature. Through precise control, the welding direction is completely opposite to the direction of the horizontal component of the shielding gas flow. Such a design ensures that the shielding gas flow can cover the entire welding area more efficiently, effectively blocking the entry of external air, thereby avoiding the risk of oxidation reaction of the molten pool. More advanced is that the reverse-flowing spiral shielding gas flow plays a vital role in the solidification process of the weld pool. It promotes the molten pool to spread out more evenly, significantly improving the forming effect of the weld. At the same time, this reverse airflow also effectively reduces the generation of defects such as pores and cracks in the weld, further enhancing the mechanical properties of the weld. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a side view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the pressure plate structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a side cross-sectional view of the welding pressure head in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram of the welding pressure head in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the blowing component in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the welding direction and the shielding gas flow direction in the present invention;

[0026] In the figure: 1-pressing mechanism, 11-pressing plate, 111-upper insulating plate, 112-metal plate, 113-lower insulating plate, 12-welding pressure head, 121-pressure head body, 1211-upper cavity, 1212-air inlet pipe, 1213-negative pressure dust removal port, 1214-boss, 122-blowing component, 1221-lower cavity, 1222-air vent, 12221-air inlet end, 12222-air outlet end, 1223-annular groove, 13-side plate, 2-driving mechanism, 21-vertical plate, 22-pressing gas, 3-dust removal mechanism, 31-dust removal pipeline, 4-slide rail, 5-elastic member, 6-pressure reducing valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] See also Figure 1-6In this embodiment, a welding clamping device is used to illustrate the actual operation of welding busbars and electromagnetic poles in combination with galvanometer welding equipment. The clamping tool includes a clamping mechanism 1 and a driving mechanism 2 for driving the clamping mechanism 1 to move up and down; the clamping mechanism 1 includes a pressing plate 11 and a welding pressure head 12 connected to the pressing plate 1, and the welding pressure head 12 includes a pressure head body 121 and a blowing component 122 connected to the lower part of the pressure head body 121, wherein the pressure head body 121 is provided with an upper cavity 1211, and the blowing component 122 is provided with a lower cavity 1221 connected to the upper cavity 1211; the blowing The component 122 is provided with vent holes 1222 in the circumferential direction, and the air inlet ends 12221 of the air inlet holes 1222 are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the lower cavity 1221 in the circumferential direction, and the air outlet ends 12222 are arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the lower cavity 1221, and the air inlet ends 12221 and the air outlet ends 12222 are arranged at intervals and staggered; the pressure head body 121 is provided with an air inlet pipe 1212 for the flow of protective gas, and one end of the air inlet pipe 1212 is connected to the air inlet end 12221. The driving mechanism 2 drives the clamping mechanism 1 to move up and down, and when moving down, the welding pressure head 12 brings the busbar and the battery pole into close contact, and the laser beam is emitted from the cavity formed by the upper cavity 1211 and the lower cavity 1221, and is focused on the contact surface between the busbar and the battery pole, and a circular weld is formed by melting the material.

[0030] Furthermore, the extension line of the vent hole 1222 forms an angle of 20-30° with the central axis of the lower cavity 1221. The shielding gas is blown toward the vicinity of the weld through the circumferentially arranged vent holes 1222, forming a rotating annular airflow that deviates from the axial direction, and is evenly focused around the weld, reducing spatter generated during welding and protecting the focusing lens from sputtering damage generated during welding. In addition, the shielding gas can effectively blow away the plasma generated during welding, avoid the shielding effect of plasma on the laser, improve the quality of laser welding, and increase the penetration depth of the welding molten pool.

[0031] Furthermore, the upper cavity 1211 and the lower cavity 1221 form a cavity with a truncated cone structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The cavity 1221 presents a tubular structure with a gradually decreasing cross section. The shielding gas is introduced into the welding area from the lower cavity 1221. Based on the Venturi effect in fluid mechanics, the air flow velocity gradually increases. When the laser is injected into the welding area through the cavity, the laser focusing degree can be appropriately improved, the laser divergence angle can be reduced, the light beam can be made more parallel and collimated, and the energy loss can be reduced.

[0032] Furthermore, an annular groove 1223 is formed on the upper end surface of the blowing member 122 , the air inlet ends 12221 are evenly distributed on the annular groove 1223 in the circumferential direction, and the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe 1212 is connected to the annular groove 1223 .

[0033] Furthermore, the pressure head body 121 is provided with a negative pressure dust removal port 1213 connected to the upper cavity 1211. The negative pressure dust removal port 1213 is connected to the dust removal mechanism 3 through the dust removal pipe 31. The dust removal mechanism 3 generates negative pressure to absorb the welding slag blocked by the protective airflow. The negative pressure dust removal port 1213 is located slightly higher than the vent hole 1222.

[0034] Furthermore, the number of the air inlet pipes 1212 can be one, preferably two, which are symmetrically connected on both sides of the annular groove 1223 to improve the stability of the protective airflow.

[0035] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism 1 further includes a side plate 13 connected to the pressing plate 11 . The side plate 13 is parallel to the pressing plate 11 . The side plate 13 is connected to the driving mechanism 2 by sliding up and down via the slide rail 4 .

[0036] Furthermore, the driving mechanism 2 includes a vertical plate 21 slidably connected to the side plate 13, a clamping cylinder 22 connected to the vertical plate 21, and a pressure sensor connected to the bottom telescopic end of the clamping cylinder 22. The pressure sensor is connected to the top side of the side plate 13 and selectively clamps the side plate 13.

[0037] Furthermore, the pressing plate 11 includes a metal plate 112, an upper insulating plate 111 and a lower insulating plate 113 clamped on both end surfaces of the metal plate 112, and the three plates are provided with mounting holes for accommodating the welding pressure head 12, and one end of the pressure head body 121 connected to the blowing member 122 is provided with a convex portion 1214 protruding to both sides. An elastic member 5 is provided between the lower insulating plate 113 and the convex portion 1214, and the elastic member 5 is a spring, which realizes the elastic connection between the welding pressure head 12 and the pressing plate 11, so that the welding pressure head 12 and the workpiece maintain a good contact state.

[0038] Furthermore, the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe 1212 is connected to a nitrogen source via a nitrogen splitter and a pressure reducing valve 6, and the flow rate of the air inlet pipe 1212 is monitored in real time by a connected flow meter.

[0039] Please continue reading Figure 7 An application of a welding clamping device is used for galvanometer welding, adopts a circular welding trajectory, and the welding direction is opposite to the horizontal component of the airflow in the blowing member 122. It can effectively blow away the plasma generated during the welding process, and blow the plasma and welding plume of the welding process away from the area to be welded, preventing the shielding effect of the plasma on the laser, ensuring the stability of the welding, and increasing the welding molten pool.

[0040] The following describes in detail the use of the battery module busbar welding compression, dust removal and protective gas blowing device, as well as the welding method based on the device.

[0041] Shielding gas: External nitrogen is introduced into each welding pressure head through a nitrogen splitter to ensure the stability of nitrogen as a welding shielding gas.

[0042] Negative pressure dust removal: Each welding pressure head is provided with a single negative pressure dust removal port 1213, which is connected to the external dust removal mechanism 3 through the dust removal pipe 31 to ensure the formation of negative pressure inside the welding pressure head 12, so as to adsorb the welding slag and smoke in the cavity of the welding pressure head 12; the welding slag that is not effectively adsorbed is subjected to secondary adsorption and dust removal through the upper dust removal mechanism 3.

[0043] Before welding, the driving mechanism 2 drives the welding pressure head 12 to press the area to be welded, the nitrogen and negative pressure dust removal are turned on, and the circular welding trajectory is used to press the workpiece to obtain a good dust removal effect.

[0044] Although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode includes only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0045] Therefore, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present application; that is, all equivalent changes made according to the scope of the claims of the present application are within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A welding clamping device, comprising a clamping mechanism (1) and a driving mechanism (2) for driving the clamping mechanism (1) to move up and down; the clamping mechanism (1) comprises a pressing plate (11) and a welding pressure head (12) connected to each other, characterized in that: The welding ram (12) comprises a ram body (121) and a blowing component (122) connected to the lower part of the ram body (121), wherein the ram body (121) is provided with an upper cavity (1211), and the blowing component (122) is provided with a lower cavity (1221) connected to the upper cavity (1211); a vent hole (1222) connected to the lower cavity (1221) and used for forming a spiral airflow is circumferentially provided on the ram body (121); and an air inlet pipe (1212) connected to the vent hole (1222) for supplying protective gas flow is provided on the ram body (121).

2. The welding clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet ends (12221) of the vent holes (1222) are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the lower cavity (1221) in the circumferential direction, and the air outlet ends (12222) are circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the lower cavity (1221), and the air inlet ends (12221) and the air outlet ends (12222) are arranged in an offset manner.

3. The welding clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extension line of the vent hole (1222) forms an angle of 20-30° with the central axis of the lower cavity (1221).

4. The welding clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cavity (1211) and the lower cavity (1221) form a cavity with a truncated cone structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom.

5. The welding clamping device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An annular groove (1223) is provided on the upper end surface of the blowing member (122); the air inlet ends (12221) are evenly distributed on the annular groove (1223) in the circumferential direction; and the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe (1212) is connected to the annular groove (1223).

6. The welding clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure head body (121) is provided with a negative pressure dust removal port (1213) which is connected to the upper cavity (1211).

7. The welding clamping device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a dust removal mechanism (3) disposed on the pressing mechanism (1), wherein the dust removal mechanism (3) is connected to the negative pressure dust removal port (1213) via a dust removal pipeline (31); and / or; The clamping mechanism (1) further comprises a side plate (13) connected to the pressing plate (11), and the side plate (13) is connected to the driving mechanism (2) in an upward and downward sliding manner.

8. The welding clamping device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (2) comprises a vertical plate (21) slidably connected to the side plate (13), a pressing cylinder (22) connected to the vertical plate (21), and a pressure sensor provided at the telescopic end of the pressing cylinder (22), wherein the pressure sensor is selectively pressed onto the side plate (13).

9. The welding clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing plate (11) and the welding pressing head (12) are elastically connected via an elastic member (5).

10. An application of the welding clamping device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It is used for galvanometer welding, adopts a circular welding track, and the welding direction is kept in the opposite direction to the horizontal component of the air flow in the blowing component (122).

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