Photovoltaic sail, unmanned ship and control method

Abstract

The application provides a photovoltaic sail, an unmanned ship and a control method, which comprise: photovoltaic units, a plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups are installed on the photovoltaic units, and the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups are sequentially distributed on the photovoltaic units along a first preset direction; wherein the photovoltaic units comprise multiple, the multiple photovoltaic units are sequentially distributed along a second preset direction, and the photovoltaic sail is rotatably arranged around the first preset direction and the second preset direction; a monitoring device, the monitoring device is used for monitoring the power generation power of the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups; a control module, the control module is signal connected with the monitoring device, the control module controls the photovoltaic sail to rotate around the first preset direction or the second preset direction according to the power generation power distribution of the multiple photovoltaic units, so that the power generation power of all the photovoltaic cell groups meets a preset condition. The photovoltaic sail in the application solves the technical problem of low energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic unmanned ship in the related art.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic unmanned ships, in particular to a photovoltaic sail, an unmanned ship and a control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Observation of marine hydrological data is of great significance to channel safety, environmental protection, and marine resource monitoring. Therefore, unmanned ships for marine investigation are actively researched and developed at home and abroad, gradually replacing traditional manual water data collection methods, not only reducing labor and material costs, but also improving the reliability and integrity of hydrological data collection. Unmanned ships mainly rely on lithium batteries for power supply and operation. However, due to the power density limitation of lithium batteries, increasing the capacity of lithium batteries alone cannot improve the endurance of the ship body. Otherwise, increasing the capacity of lithium batteries alone leads to a high specific gravity of lithium batteries, not only limiting the loading of detection equipment, but also significantly increasing the weight of the ship body, reducing the sailing distance, and failing to meet the long endurance requirements of marine operations.

[0003] Therefore, in order to enhance the sustainability of the functions of the unmanned ship during sea navigation, the existing technology adopts an unmanned ship driven by a photovoltaic cell, so that the unmanned ship can supplement energy during sea navigation using solar energy, and the solar panel can adjust the angle to avoid the obstruction of the sail. However, the photovoltaic panel of the existing photovoltaic unmanned ship is placed on the deck, and the adjustable angle of the solar panel is relatively limited, making it difficult to track the sun in a wide range and maintain high conversion efficiency for a long time, resulting in that the endurance of the ship body is still limited.

[0004] In addition, the surface of the photovoltaic panel is easy to be covered with dust, affecting the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, but the photovoltaic panel in the existing technology cannot identify the specific position of the dirt to achieve targeted cleaning, nor can it obtain the effect feedback after cleaning.

[0005] Therefore, the existing technology needs to be further developed. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the above technical deficiencies, and provide a photovoltaic sail, an unmanned ship and a control method to solve the technical problem of low energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic unmanned ship in the related art.

[0007] To achieve the above technical purposes, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: a photovoltaic sail is provided, comprising: a photovoltaic unit, a plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups are installed on the photovoltaic unit, and the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups are sequentially distributed on the photovoltaic unit along a first preset direction; wherein the photovoltaic unit comprises a plurality of photovoltaic units, the plurality of photovoltaic units are sequentially distributed along a second preset direction, and the photovoltaic sail is rotatably arranged around the first preset direction and the second preset direction; a monitoring device, the monitoring device is used for monitoring the power generation of the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups; a control module, the control module is signal connected with the monitoring device, and the control module controls the photovoltaic sail to rotate around the first preset direction or the second preset direction according to the power generation distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units, so that the power generation of all photovoltaic cell groups meets the preset condition.

[0008] Further, the photovoltaic cell group comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cells, and the plurality of photovoltaic cells are distributed along the second preset direction to form a photovoltaic cell column.

[0009] Further, the photovoltaic sail comprises a first rotating shaft extending along the first preset direction, the first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged, and the first rotating shaft is fixedly arranged at the center position of the photovoltaic sail.

[0010] Further, the photovoltaic sail comprises a second rotating shaft extending along the second preset direction, the second rotating shaft is rotatably arranged, and the first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the second rotating shaft.

[0011] Further, the photovoltaic sail comprises a plurality of cleaning mechanisms, the plurality of cleaning mechanisms are arranged one by one corresponding to the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups, and the plurality of cleaning mechanisms are signal connected with the control module.

[0012] An unmanned ship, the unmanned ship comprising the photovoltaic sail.

[0013] A control method, the control method being applicable to the photovoltaic sail, and the control method comprising:

[0014] obtaining the power generation of the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups;

[0015] analyzing the power generation distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units;

[0016] controlling the photovoltaic sail to rotate around the first preset direction or the second preset direction according to the power generation distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units, so that the power generation of all photovoltaic cell groups meets the preset condition.

[0017] Further, before analyzing the power generation distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units, the control method comprises:

[0018] determining whether the power generation of the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups is consistent;

[0019] If the power generation of all photovoltaic cell groups does not meet the first preset condition, if the power generation of the photovoltaic cell groups is inconsistent, the power generation distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units is analyzed.

[0020] If the power generation of all photovoltaic cell groups meets the first preset condition, if the power generation of the photovoltaic cell groups is consistent, whether the total power generation of the photovoltaic cell groups meets the second preset condition is determined.

[0021] If the total power generation of the photovoltaic cell groups does not meet the second preset condition, the power saving mode is entered.

[0022] Further, the method for analyzing the power generation distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units comprises:

[0023] The power generation of the photovoltaic cell groups is compared with each other, and the power generation of the plurality of photovoltaic units is compared with each other;

[0024] If the power generation of the photovoltaic cell groups changes along the first preset direction, the power generation of the plurality of photovoltaic units is distributed along the first preset direction;

[0025] If the power generation of the plurality of photovoltaic units changes along the second preset direction, the power generation of the plurality of photovoltaic units is distributed along the second preset direction.

[0026] Further, according to the power generation distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units, the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate around the first preset direction or the second preset direction, so that the power generation of all photovoltaic cell groups meets the preset condition, comprising:

[0027] If the power generation of the plurality of photovoltaic units is distributed along the first preset direction, the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate around the second preset direction according to the preset step;

[0028] After the photovoltaic sail rotates around the second preset direction according to the preset step, the power generation distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units is analyzed again until the power generation of all photovoltaic cell groups meets the first preset condition; and / or,

[0029] If the power generation of the plurality of photovoltaic units is distributed along the second preset direction, the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate around the first preset direction according to the preset step;

[0030] After the photovoltaic sail rotates around the first preset direction according to the preset step, the power generation distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units is analyzed again until the power generation of all photovoltaic cell groups meets the first preset condition.

[0031] Further, the photovoltaic sail comprises a cleaning mechanism, the cleaning mechanism is arranged one-to-one corresponding to the photovoltaic cell groups, and the control method further comprises:

[0032] comparing the power generation of a plurality of groups of photovoltaic cells with each other;

[0033] if the power generation of any group of photovoltaic cells is lower than that of the adjacent group of photovoltaic cells and the difference in power generation meets a third preset condition, then controlling the cleaning mechanism to clean the corresponding group of photovoltaic cells;

[0034] after the first cleaning, if the difference in power generation still meets the third preset condition, then cleaning the corresponding group of photovoltaic cells again;

[0035] until the number of cleanings reaches a specified number, if the difference in power generation still meets the third preset condition, then judging that the corresponding group of photovoltaic cells has a fault.

[0036] Advantages:

[0037] 1. By monitoring the power generation of a plurality of groups of photovoltaic cells, the power generation distribution of multiple photovoltaic units can be analyzed, and the photovoltaic sail is rotated around the first preset direction or the second preset direction according to the power generation distribution, so as to change the light receiving angle of the photovoltaic sail, so that the photovoltaic sail continuously approaches the maximum light intensity position until it can face the sun, achieving the effect that the photovoltaic assembly is perpendicular to the direct sunlight direction, so that the photovoltaic sail realizes "light chasing", can track the sun in a wide range, and maintain high conversion efficiency for a long time, so that the power generation of all photovoltaic cells is uniform and maintains high energy conversion efficiency, thereby realizing the purpose that the power generation of the photovoltaic sail reaches the maximum power generation, and solving the technical problem of low energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic unmanned ship in the related art.

[0038] 2. In the unmanned ship of the embodiment, the photovoltaic panel and the sail are combined with each other without considering the problem that the sail blocks the photovoltaic cells, and the angle of the photovoltaic panel can be adjusted, so that the sun can be tracked in a wide range and high conversion efficiency can be maintained for a long time. The dust-shielded photovoltaic cells are accurately positioned, directional cleaning is performed, and the cleaning effect is fed back. If an abnormality occurs, a worker can timely repair. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic sail adopted by the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a control method adopted by the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 3 is a flowchart of a specific embodiment of the control method adopted by the embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Among the above drawings, the following reference signs are included:

[0043] 1, photovoltaic unit; 11, photovoltaic cell group; 111, photovoltaic cell; 2, first rotating shaft; 3, second rotating shaft; 31, output port; 32, driving motor; 4, cleaning mechanism; 5, output cable; 101, first photovoltaic cell group; 102, second photovoltaic cell group; 103, third photovoltaic cell group; 104, fourth photovoltaic cell group; 105, first photovoltaic unit; 106, second photovoltaic unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the personnel in the technical field better understand the scheme of the present application, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor should belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0045] Embodiment 1

[0046] According to the embodiments of the present application, a photovoltaic sail is provided, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , comprising: a photovoltaic unit 1, a plurality of photovoltaic cell groups 11 are installed on the photovoltaic unit 1, and the plurality of photovoltaic cell groups 11 are sequentially distributed on the photovoltaic unit 1 along a first predetermined direction; wherein the photovoltaic unit 1 comprises a plurality of, a plurality of photovoltaic units 1 are sequentially distributed along a second predetermined direction, and the photovoltaic sail is rotatably arranged around the first predetermined direction and the second predetermined direction; a monitoring device, the monitoring device is used for monitoring the power generation power of the plurality of photovoltaic cell groups 11; a control module, the control module is signal connected with the monitoring device, and the control module controls the photovoltaic sail to rotate around the first predetermined direction or the second predetermined direction according to the power generation power distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units 1, so that the power generation power of all photovoltaic cell groups 11 meets the preset condition.

[0047] It should be noted that the photovoltaic cell group 11 is a component for converting solar energy into electric energy, and the photovoltaic unit 1 is a device for supporting and fixing the photovoltaic cell group 11.

[0048] By monitoring the power generation of several groups of photovoltaic cell groups 11, the power generation distribution of multiple photovoltaic units 1 can be analyzed, and the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate around the first preset direction or the second preset direction according to the power generation distribution, so as to change the light receiving angle of the photovoltaic sail, so that the photovoltaic sail continuously approaches the maximum light intensity position until it can face the sun, achieves the effect that the photovoltaic assembly is perpendicular to the direct sunlight, and realizes "light chasing". The photovoltaic sail can track the sun in a wide range and maintain high conversion efficiency for a long time, so that the power generation of all photovoltaic cell groups 11 is uniform and maintains high energy conversion efficiency, thereby achieving the purpose that the power generation of the photovoltaic sail reaches the maximum power generation, and solving the technical problem of low energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic unmanned ship in the related art.

[0049] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , the first preset direction is a horizontal direction (transverse direction), and the second preset direction is a vertical direction (longitudinal direction).

[0050] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic unit 1 is not limited to the layout design in Figure 1 , and can continue to expand in a larger number along the first preset direction or the second preset direction.

[0051] In the photovoltaic sail of the embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , the photovoltaic cell group 11 includes multiple photovoltaic cells 111, and the multiple photovoltaic cells 111 are distributed along the second preset direction to form a photovoltaic cell column. By arranging multiple photovoltaic cells 111 in the photovoltaic cell group 11, when a single photovoltaic cell 111 is damaged, other photovoltaic cells 111 can continue to work, avoiding the influence of the damage of a single photovoltaic cell on the tracking and power generation functions of the photovoltaic sail. In addition, by distributing multiple photovoltaic cells 111 along the second preset direction to form a photovoltaic cell column, the span of the same group of photovoltaic cell groups 11 is increased, thereby increasing the accuracy of "light chasing".

[0052] In the photovoltaic sail of the embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , the photovoltaic sail includes a first rotating shaft 2 extending along the first preset direction, the first rotating shaft 2 is rotatably arranged, and the first rotating shaft 2 is fixedly arranged at the center position of the photovoltaic sail. By arranging the first rotating shaft 2, the photovoltaic sail is driven to rotate around the first preset direction.

[0053] By fixing the first rotating shaft 2 at the center position of the photovoltaic sail, the photovoltaic sail can maintain balance and increase the stability of the rotation of the photovoltaic sail.

[0054] In some embodiments, the first rotating shaft 2 is driven to rotate by a motor or other driving mechanism.

[0055] In the photovoltaic sail of the embodiment, referring to Figure 1The photovoltaic sail includes a second rotating shaft 3 extending along a second preset direction, the second rotating shaft 3 is rotatably arranged, and the first rotating shaft 2 is rotatably arranged on the second rotating shaft 3. By fixing the first rotating shaft 2 at the center of the photovoltaic sail, the photovoltaic sail can be balanced, and the stability of the rotation of the photovoltaic sail is increased.

[0056] It should be noted that the second rotating shaft 3 is used to support the entire photovoltaic sail, so that the photovoltaic sail can stand on the ship body, and the photovoltaic unit 1 is directly placed on the deck, thereby increasing the angle of the photovoltaic sail, and realizing wide-range tracking of the sun.

[0057] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic sail includes a driving motor 32, and the second rotating shaft 3 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 32.

[0058] It should be noted that the first rotating shaft 2 can be located at the center of the photovoltaic sail or at any side.

[0059] In the photovoltaic sail of the embodiment, referring to Figure 1 The photovoltaic sail includes a plurality of cleaning mechanisms 4, the plurality of cleaning mechanisms 4 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cells 11, and the plurality of cleaning mechanisms 4 are signal-connected with the control module.

[0060] Through the above arrangement, according to the power distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units 1, the specific position of dirt can be accurately obtained, and then the corresponding cleaning mechanism 4 is controlled to be cleaned, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency.

[0061] In some embodiments, the first rotating shaft 2 and the second rotating shaft 3 are hollow, and the cleaning water pipe connected with the cleaning mechanism 4 or the connecting line connecting the ship body and the photovoltaic cell group 11 can be accommodated in the first rotating shaft 2 and the second rotating shaft 3.

[0062] In some embodiments, after obtaining seawater from the sea, the seawater is purified in the unmanned ship, and then reaches the cleaning mechanism 4 through the cleaning water pipe to clean the corresponding photovoltaic cell group 11.

[0063] In some embodiments, the cleaning mechanism 4 is a water jet head that can be adjusted in angle or fixedly arranged, so as to clean different photovoltaic cells of the same photovoltaic cell group 11.

[0064] Embodiment 2

[0065] In the unmanned ship of the embodiment, the unmanned ship includes the above photovoltaic sail.

[0066] In the unmanned ship of the embodiment, by monitoring the power generation of the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups 11, the power generation distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 can be analyzed, and the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate around the first preset direction or the second preset direction according to the power generation distribution, so as to change the light receiving angle of the photovoltaic sail, so that the photovoltaic sail continuously approaches the maximum light intensity position until it can face the sun, achieves the effect that the photovoltaic assembly is perpendicular to the direction of the sun, and the photovoltaic sail realizes "light chasing". The photovoltaic sail can track the sun in a wide range and maintain high conversion efficiency for a long time, so that the power generation of all photovoltaic cell groups 11 is uniform and maintains high energy conversion efficiency, thereby achieving the purpose that the power generation of the photovoltaic sail reaches the maximum power generation, and solving the technical problem of low energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic unmanned ship in the related art.

[0067] It should be noted that the unmanned ship is generally used for observation of ocean hydrological data, and the ship will be often stationed for data measurement during operation, and the time-continuous test data will be more valuable. Therefore, the endurance capability is the key capability for the unmanned ship. Therefore, when the unmanned ship is stationed for data collection, the energy is insufficient, and the photovoltaic condition is met, the sailing will be stopped, and the photovoltaic energy is preferentially collected.

[0068] In the unmanned ship of the embodiment, the photovoltaic panel and the sail are combined with each other without considering the problem that the sail blocks the photovoltaic cell, and the angle of the photovoltaic panel can be adjusted, so that the sun can be tracked in a wide range and high conversion efficiency can be maintained for a long time. The dust-shielded photovoltaic cell is accurately positioned, directional cleaning is performed, and the cleaning effect is fed back. If an abnormality occurs, a worker can timely repair.

[0069] Embodiment 3

[0070] In the control method of the embodiment, referring to Figure 2 , the control method is suitable for the photovoltaic sail described above, and the control method comprises the following steps.

[0071] Obtaining the power generation of the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups 11;

[0072] Analyzing the power generation distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units 1;

[0073] According to the power generation distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units 1, the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate around the first preset direction or the second preset direction, so that the power generation of all photovoltaic cell groups 11 meets the preset condition.

[0074] Specifically, in the control method of the embodiment, by monitoring the power generation of the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups 11, the power generation distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 can be analyzed, and the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate around the first preset direction or the second preset direction according to the power generation distribution, so as to change the light receiving angle of the photovoltaic sail, so that the photovoltaic sail continuously approaches the maximum light intensity position until it can face the sun, and the photovoltaic assembly is perpendicular to the direction of the sun. The effect is achieved, the photovoltaic sail realizes "light chasing", can track the sun in a wide range, and maintains high conversion efficiency for a long time, so that the power generation of all photovoltaic cell groups 11 is uniform and maintains high energy conversion efficiency, thereby realizing the purpose of the power generation of the photovoltaic sail reaching the maximum power generation, and solving the technical problem of low energy conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic unmanned ship in the related art.

[0075] In the control method of the embodiment, referring to Figure 2 Before analyzing the power generation distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units 1, the control method comprises:

[0076] determining whether the power generations of the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups 11 are consistent;

[0077] If the power generations of all photovoltaic cell groups 11 do not satisfy the first preset condition, the power generations of the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups 11 are inconsistent, and the power generation distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 is analyzed.

[0078] If the power generations of all photovoltaic cell groups 11 satisfy the first preset condition, the power generations of the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups 11 are consistent, and it is determined whether the total power generation of the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups 11 satisfies a second preset condition.

[0079] If the total power generation of the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups 11 does not satisfy the second preset condition, the power saving mode is entered.

[0080] In some embodiments, the power generations of the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups 11 are compared with the average power generation of the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups 11, and the first preset condition is that the difference between the power generation of the photovoltaic cell group 11 and the average power generation is within ±10%.

[0081] In some embodiments, the total power generation of the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups 11 is compared with the rated power generation, and the second preset condition is that the difference between the total power generation of the plurality of groups of photovoltaic cell groups 11 and the rated value is within 10%.

[0082] Specifically, it is first determined whether the power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic cell groups 11 is consistent. If the power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic cell groups 11 is inconsistent, it indicates that the photovoltaic sail is not currently facing the sun, i.e., the photovoltaic sail is not in the optimal light receiving angle. Then, the distribution of the power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 is analyzed, and the position of the sun is identified according to the distribution, and the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate around the first preset direction or the second preset direction.

[0083] If the power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic cell groups 11 is consistent, it is further determined whether the overall light environment in which the photovoltaic sail is located is consistent. If the total power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic cell groups 11 does not satisfy the second preset condition, it indicates that the photovoltaic sail is in a weak light environment, and the unmanned ship enters a power saving mode to save power. If the total power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic cell groups 11 satisfies the second preset condition, it indicates that the photovoltaic sail is currently facing the sun and is in the optimal position.

[0084] In the control method of the embodiment, referring to Figure 2 The method for analyzing the distribution of the power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 includes:

[0085] The power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic cell groups 11 is compared with each other, and the power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 is compared with each other.

[0086] If the power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic cell groups 11 changes in slope along the first preset direction, the power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 changes in slope along the first preset direction.

[0087] If the power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 changes in slope along the second preset direction, the power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 changes in slope along the second preset direction.

[0088] Specifically, if the power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic cell groups 11 changes in slope along the first preset direction, the power gradually increases or gradually decreases along the first preset direction, and the power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 changes in slope along the first preset direction.

[0089] Specifically, if the total power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 changes in slope along the second preset direction, the power gradually increases or gradually decreases along the second preset direction, and the power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 changes in slope along the second preset direction.

[0090] It can be understood that when the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 are arranged along the first preset direction, if the total power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 changes in slope along the first preset direction, it also indicates that the power generated by the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 changes in slope along the first preset direction.

[0091] In the control method of the embodiment, referring to Figure 2, according to the power distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units 1, the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate around the first preset direction or the second preset direction to make the power of all photovoltaic cell groups 11 meet the preset condition, including:

[0092] If the power of the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 is distributed in the first preset direction, the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate around the second preset direction according to the preset step size;

[0093] After the photovoltaic sail rotates around the second preset direction according to the preset step size, the power distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 is analyzed again until the power of all photovoltaic cell groups 11 meets the first preset condition; and / or,

[0094] If the power of the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 is distributed in the second preset direction, the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate around the first preset direction according to the preset step size;

[0095] After the photovoltaic sail rotates around the first preset direction according to the preset step size, the power distribution of the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 is analyzed again until the power of all photovoltaic cell groups 11 meets the first preset condition.

[0096] Specifically, the preset step size is the angle of rotation of the photovoltaic sail each time, for example, the first rotation shaft or the second rotation shaft is controlled to rotate 1° each time as the preset step size.

[0097] Specifically, after rotating the preset step size each time, the power distribution is analyzed again according to the position of the photovoltaic unit 1, and the next rotation action is determined, and the cycle is repeated until the power of all photovoltaic cell groups 11 meets the first preset condition, that is, the front of the photovoltaic panel faces the sun.

[0098] Specifically, if the power of the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 is distributed in the first preset direction, the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate around the second preset direction according to the preset step size, referring to Figure 2 , the photovoltaic unit 1 includes a first photovoltaic cell group 101, a second photovoltaic cell group 102, a third photovoltaic cell group 103, and a fourth photovoltaic cell group 104 distributed in the first preset direction, for example, when the power is arranged as first photovoltaic cell group 101> second photovoltaic cell group 102> third photovoltaic cell group 103> fourth photovoltaic cell group 104, it indicates that the current direction of the sun is inclined to the first photovoltaic cell group 101, and the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate towards the first photovoltaic cell group 101, and the second rotation shaft 3 is taken as the rotation origin, and the photovoltaic sail is rotated clockwise around the first preset direction.

[0099] Specifically, if the power of the plurality of photovoltaic units 1 is distributed in the second preset direction, the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate around the first preset direction according to the preset step size, referring to Figure 1For example, the photovoltaic sail includes first photovoltaic units 105 and second photovoltaic units 106 distributed from top to bottom. If the first photovoltaic units 105 > the second photovoltaic units 106 in terms of power generation, the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate towards the first photovoltaic units 105, and the photovoltaic sail rotates counterclockwise around the first preset direction with the first rotation axis 2 as the rotation origin.

[0100] In the control method of the embodiment, referring to Figure 1 The photovoltaic sail includes cleaning mechanisms 4 corresponding to the photovoltaic cell groups 11. The control method further includes:

[0101] The power generation of the photovoltaic cell groups 11 is compared with each other.

[0102] If the power generation of any photovoltaic cell group 11 is lower than that of the adjacent photovoltaic cell group 11 and the difference satisfies a third preset condition, the corresponding photovoltaic cell group 11 is cleaned by the cleaning mechanism 4.

[0103] After the first cleaning, if the difference still satisfies the third preset condition, the corresponding photovoltaic cell group 11 is cleaned again.

[0104] If the difference still satisfies the third preset condition after the cleaning reaches a specified number of times, it is determined that the corresponding photovoltaic cell group 11 is faulty.

[0105] In some embodiments, the third preset condition is that the difference between the power generation of a photovoltaic cell group 11 and that of the adjacent photovoltaic cell group 11 is more than 50%.

[0106] Specifically, when the power of one or more photovoltaic cell groups is detected to be abnormally low, it is considered that the photovoltaic cell group 11 is dusty, and the corresponding cleaning mechanism 4 sprays water to clean.

[0107] Specifically, after a single cleaning, the power of the photovoltaic cell group is detected again to see if it has recovered. If not, it is cleaned again. After a specified number of continuous cleanings, if the power of the photovoltaic cell group 11 has not recovered, the system considers that the photovoltaic cell group 11 is faulty.

[0108] Through the above settings, the dusty photovoltaic cell 111 is accurately positioned, directional cleaning is performed, and the cleaning effect is fed back. If there is an abnormality, the worker can timely repair.

[0109] In some embodiments, the specified number of cleanings can be three.

[0110] Embodiment 4

[0111] The following describes an optional embodiment of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 3 The following describes an optional embodiment of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0112] The self-adjusting photovoltaic sail of the present application has a structure as shown in Figure 1 The photovoltaic sail is mainly composed of photovoltaic units 1, a second rotating shaft 3 and a driving motor 32. The photovoltaic unit 1 is composed of four photovoltaic cell groups 11, and each photovoltaic cell group 11 is composed of four photovoltaic cells 111 connected in series through an output cable 5, as shown in Figure 1 The entire sail has two photovoltaic units 1, a total of eight photovoltaic cell groups 11. The two photovoltaic units 1 are fixed on the same first rotating shaft 2 in an up-down manner. The second rotating shaft 3 is internally provided with the driving motor 32, which can realize the rotation of the photovoltaic unit 1 in the vertical direction. In addition, the first rotating shaft 2 and the second rotating shaft 3 are in a hollow form, and the output cable 5 can be routed through the internal passage and led out at the output port 31 to supply power to the unmanned ship. The internal passage is also provided with a water pipe for supplying water to the cleaning mechanism 4, and each photovoltaic cell group 11 is provided with a cleaning mechanism 4 for cleaning the photovoltaic cells 111. The first rotating shaft 2 realizes the rotation of the photovoltaic unit 1 in the horizontal direction with the first rotating shaft 2 as the center.

[0113] When the unmanned ship is in normal operation, each photovoltaic cell group 11 is connected to a DCDC converter and then merged into a DC bus to supply power to the load of the unmanned ship. Therefore, the main control system of the unmanned ship can monitor the power generation of each photovoltaic cell group 11 according to the data fed back by the DCDC converter. First, the consistency of the power generation among the photovoltaic cell groups 11 is determined. If the power generation is within ±10% of the average power generation of a plurality of photovoltaic cell groups 11, the total power generation of the plurality of photovoltaic cell groups 11 is further determined. If the total power generation of the plurality of photovoltaic cell groups 11 is less than 10% of the rated value, it is considered that the current light condition is poor, and the unmanned ship enters the power saving mode. Otherwise, it is considered that the photovoltaic panel is currently facing the sun and is in the best position. If the consistency of the power generation among the photovoltaic cell groups is not good, and the power generation of some photovoltaic cell groups is more than ±10% of the average power generation.

[0114] Next, the system analyzes the power distribution of the photovoltaic cell groups as a whole. After the analysis, there are three cases:

[0115] Case 1: The power of the photovoltaic cell groups in the horizontal direction shows a slope distribution. Referring to Figure 1 Taking four photovoltaic cell groups as an example, if the power distribution is first photovoltaic cell group 101 > second photovoltaic cell group 102 > third photovoltaic cell group 103 > fourth photovoltaic cell group 104, it indicates that the current direction of the sun is deviated to the first photovoltaic cell group 101. Then the driving motor 32 rotates the second rotating shaft 3 to make it rotate towards the first photovoltaic cell group 101.

[0116] Case 2, the power of the longitudinal photovoltaic cell group is distributed in a slope. If the power distribution is the first photovoltaic unit 105>second photovoltaic unit 106, it is considered that the current direction of the sun is on the top, and the first rotating shaft 2 rotates the photovoltaic panel upward, and vice versa. The above-mentioned photovoltaic unit 1 rotates in horizontal and vertical directions, each time only 1°, and then analyzes the power distribution according to the position of the photovoltaic unit 1 and determines the next rotating action, and the cycle is repeated until the photovoltaic panel is facing the sun.

[0117] Case 3, it is detected that the power of one or more photovoltaic cell groups 11 is abnormally low, more than 50% lower than the adjacent cell group, it is considered that the photovoltaic cell group is dusty, and the corresponding cleaning mechanism 4 is sprayed to clean. After a single cleaning, it is detected again whether the power of the photovoltaic cell group 11 is restored, if not, it is cleaned again. After continuous cleaning for 3 times, if the power of the photovoltaic cell group 11 still does not recover, the system considers that the photovoltaic cell group 11 has a fault.

[0118] The above-mentioned three cases have priority, case 1 has the highest priority, followed by case 2, and finally case 3.

[0119] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like in the description and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily indicate a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units does not necessarily limit to those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0120] Optionally, the specific examples in the embodiments can refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and the embodiments will not be described here.

[0121] The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are only for description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0122] In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can refer to the related description of other embodiments.

[0123] The above-mentioned only is the preferred embodiment of the present application, it should be pointed out, for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present application, can make a number of improvements and refinements, these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a photovoltaic sail, characterized in that, Photovoltaic sails include: A photovoltaic unit (1) is provided, on which a plurality of photovoltaic cell groups (11) are installed. The plurality of photovoltaic cell groups (11) are distributed sequentially on the photovoltaic unit (1) along a first preset direction. The photovoltaic unit (1) includes a plurality of photovoltaic units (1), which are distributed sequentially along a second preset direction. The photovoltaic sail is rotatably arranged around both the first and second preset directions. A monitoring device is used to monitor the power generation of several sets of photovoltaic cell groups (11); The control module is connected to the monitoring device by signal. The control module controls the photovoltaic sail to rotate around a first preset direction or a second preset direction according to the power generation distribution of the multiple photovoltaic units (1) so that the power generation of all the photovoltaic cell groups (11) meets the preset conditions. The control method includes: To obtain the power generation capacity of several sets of photovoltaic cell arrays (11); Analyze the power generation distribution of multiple photovoltaic units (1); Before analyzing the power generation distribution of the multiple photovoltaic units (1), the control method includes: Determine whether the power generation of several groups of photovoltaic cell packs (11) is consistent; If the power generation of all the photovoltaic cell groups (11) does not meet the first preset condition, then the power generation distribution of several groups of photovoltaic cell groups (11) is inconsistent, and the power generation distribution of multiple photovoltaic units (1) is analyzed. If the power generation of all the photovoltaic cell groups (11) meets the first preset condition, then the power generation of several groups of photovoltaic cell groups (11) is consistent, and then it is determined whether the total power generation of several groups of photovoltaic cell groups (11) meets the second preset condition. If the total power generation of several photovoltaic cell groups (11) does not meet the second preset condition, then the power saving mode is entered.

2. The control method for photovoltaic sails according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic cell array (11) includes multiple photovoltaic cells (111), which are distributed along a second preset direction to form a photovoltaic cell array.

3. The control method for photovoltaic sails according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic sail includes a first rotating shaft (2) extending along a first preset direction. The first rotating shaft (2) is rotatably arranged and fixedly arranged at the center position of the photovoltaic sail.

4. The control method for photovoltaic sails according to claim 3, characterized in that, The photovoltaic sail includes a second rotating shaft (3) extending along a second preset direction. The second rotating shaft (3) is rotatably arranged, and the first rotating shaft (2) is rotatably mounted on the second rotating shaft (3).

5. The control method for photovoltaic sails according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic sail includes a cleaning mechanism (4), and the cleaning mechanism (4) includes multiple cleaning mechanisms. Each cleaning mechanism (4) is configured to correspond one-to-one with a number of photovoltaic cell groups (11). Each cleaning mechanism (4) is connected to the control module via signal.

6. The control method for photovoltaic sails according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control method includes: Based on the power generation distribution of the multiple photovoltaic units (1), the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate around a first preset direction or a second preset direction so that the power generation of all the photovoltaic cell groups (11) meets the preset conditions.

7. The control method for photovoltaic sails according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for analyzing the power generation distribution of multiple photovoltaic units (1) includes: The power generation of several groups of photovoltaic cell packs (11) is compared with each other, and the power generation of multiple photovoltaic units (1) is compared with each other; If the power generation of several sets of photovoltaic cell groups (11) changes along the first preset direction, then the power generation of multiple photovoltaic units (1) is distributed along the first preset direction. If the power generation of multiple photovoltaic units (1) changes along the second preset direction, then the power generation of multiple photovoltaic units (1) is distributed along the second preset direction.

8. The control method for a photovoltaic sail according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the power generation distribution of the multiple photovoltaic units (1), the photovoltaic sail is controlled to rotate around a first preset direction or a second preset direction so that the power generation of all the photovoltaic cell groups (11) meets preset conditions, including: If the power generation of multiple photovoltaic units (1) is distributed in a first preset direction slope, control the photovoltaic sail to rotate around the second preset direction according to a preset step length; After the photovoltaic sail rotates around the second preset direction according to a preset step length, the power generation distribution of the multiple photovoltaic units (1) is analyzed again until the power generation of all the photovoltaic cell groups (11) meets the first preset condition; and / or, If the power generation of multiple photovoltaic units (1) is distributed in a second preset direction slope, control the photovoltaic sail to rotate around the first preset direction according to a preset step length; After the photovoltaic sail rotates around the first preset direction according to the preset step length, the power generation distribution of the multiple photovoltaic units (1) is analyzed again until the power generation of all the photovoltaic cell groups (11) meets the first preset condition.

9. The control method for a photovoltaic sail according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic sail includes a cleaning mechanism (4), which is configured in a one-to-one correspondence with several sets of photovoltaic cell groups (11). The control method further includes: The power generation of several sets of photovoltaic cell arrays (11) is compared with each other; If the power generation of any group of photovoltaic cell packs (11) is lower than that of the adjacent group of photovoltaic cell packs (11) and the power generation difference meets the third preset condition, then the cleaning mechanism (4) is controlled to clean the corresponding photovoltaic cell pack (11). After the first cleaning is completed, if the difference in power generation still meets the third preset condition, the corresponding photovoltaic cell group (11) is cleaned again. If the power generation difference still meets the third preset condition after the cleaning number reaches the specified number, it is determined that the corresponding photovoltaic cell group (11) has malfunctioned.

10. An unmanned surface vessel, characterized in that, The unmanned vessel employs the control method for the photovoltaic sail as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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