Composition with dual functions of dust suppression and dust fall and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of construction operation environment dust control, in particular to a composition with dual functions of dust suppression and dust fall and a preparation method, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of a surfactant, 1-4 parts of a foam synergist, 2-15 parts of a foam lasting agent, 0.4-1 part of a dust suppressant and the balance of deionized water, by reasonably selecting the formula and matching with the setting of each step and parameter of the preparation method, when the composition is applied to the fields of mine industry, ports, wharfs, industrial production, tunnel construction and the like, the field dust concentration can be effectively reduced, dust dissipation can be inhibited, the material is green and pollution-free, and batch production, popularization and application can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of working environment control, relates to the technical field of construction working environment dust control, and specifically relates to a composition with the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of mining, ports, industrial production, tunnel construction, etc., dust pollution is a common problem that endangers the occupational safety and health of personnel. For example, at the tunnel construction site, various processes such as blasting, grouting, and slag discharge will generate a large amount of dust. In addition, a large amount of dust accumulates on the road surface in the tunnel construction area, which will form secondary dust under the action of vehicles or wind, which not only poses a health threat to the workers, but also reduces the visibility of the work site, increasing the difficulty of operation and safety risks.

[0003] The main measures for dust removal in the prior art include spraying, ventilation and setting up dust removal equipment, but the effects of these measures are not very ideal; there are also foam dust removers in the prior art, but these dust removers mainly focus on dust removal, and basically do not pay much attention to the effect of dust suppression. The Chinese invention patent announcement text CN101385955B discloses a foam dust remover for mining, which mainly focuses on the dust removal effect but not too much attention to dust suppression.

[0004] Chinese invention patent publication CN104531076B discloses a wet water-retaining dust suppressant, which, while focusing on dust removal, achieves the effect of suppressing dust by setting hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide. However, it prevents dust from being raised again by keeping it moist, and the dust suppression duration needs to be improved.

[0005] The discrete foam dust reduction process mainly involves spreading the compound foam solvent into a film on the foamer. By blowing air into the film, the film is stretched and spontaneously tightened and closed to form a series of bubbles, which block, capture and suppress dust.

[0006] Chinese invention patent publication CN116640583A discloses a solid wetting agent formula for coal tunnel excavation working face. Based on the physical and chemical properties of coal mine dust, the wetting agent and hygroscopic agent are optimally formulated through orthogonal compounding experiments to enhance the wettability of the coal body. Chinese invention patent publication CN113583631A discloses a bio-based dust suppression material and encapsulation capsule, which enhances the dust suppression effect based on moisture absorption and water retention. Chinese invention patent announcement CN114806507B discloses an environmentally friendly dust suppressant and its preparation method and application. However, most of these dust suppression solution formulas are difficult to achieve the purpose of large-space dust reduction and road dust reduction at the same time. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a product that is suitable for various construction sites and can be used in conjunction with a discrete foam generating device to achieve the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction, thereby effectively improving the on-site environment. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a composition formed by a foam formula having the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction and a preparation method thereof.

[0008] This is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A composition with the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction, wherein the composition comprises, by weight, 5 to 10 parts of a surfactant, 1 to 4 parts of a foam enhancer, 2 to 15 parts of a foam retainer, 0.4 to 1 part of a dust suppressant, and 70 to 91.6 parts of deionized water; the composition is prepared by firstly stirring the surfactant and deionized water evenly and dissolving them, then stirring the obtained material and the foam enhancer evenly and dissolving them, then stirring the obtained material and the foam retainer evenly and then standing them, and after verification, stirring the obtained material and the dust suppressant evenly and then standing them to obtain the composition.

[0010] Furthermore, the surfactant is selected from one or more of Tween-40, sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium α-olefin sulfonate.

[0011] Furthermore, the foam enhancer is selected from one or more of anhydrous glucose, coconut oil diethanolamide or ammonium tripolyphosphate.

[0012] Furthermore, the foam lasting agent is selected from one or more of glycerol, trisodium dicarboxymethyl alanine or polyvinyl alcohol.

[0013] Furthermore, the dust suppressant is selected from one or both of sodium lignin sulfonate and Triton X-100.

[0014] A method for preparing a composition having the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction, wherein the composition has the formula of the above-mentioned composition, and comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Deionized water preparation: Deionized water is obtained by deionizing high-quality raw water through a deionizer, and the deionized water is heated to 60-80° C. through the deionizer.

[0016] S2, preparation of the first mixed liquid: 5 to 10 parts by weight of a surfactant is mixed with 70 to 91.6 parts by weight of the deionized water prepared and heated in step S1, and stirred in a reactor at a speed of 160 to 200 r / min for 5 to 10 min at a temperature of 55 to 65° C. (preferably 60° C.) to obtain a first mixed liquid in which the precipitate is completely dissolved and stirred evenly.

[0017] S3, preparation of the second mixed liquid: the first mixed liquid obtained in step S2 is allowed to stand for 8 to 12 minutes to make it completely stable, 1 to 4 parts by weight of a foam enhancer is added to the first mixed liquid after standing, and mixed and stirred at a speed of 100 to 120 r / min for 5 to 10 minutes at a temperature of 38 to 42° C. (preferably 40° C.), and the residual substances in the reactor are completely dissolved to obtain a second mixed liquid.

[0018] S4. Preparation of foam dust reduction solution: let the second mixed solution obtained in step S3 stand for 12 to 18 minutes to make it completely stable, add 2 to 15 parts by weight of foam persistence agent to the second mixed solution after standing, and mix and stir at a speed of 100 to 120 r / min for 10 to 15 minutes at a temperature of 36 to 45°C (preferably 40°C), dissolve the mixture completely and let it stand for 8 to 12 minutes to obtain a foam dust reduction solution.

[0019] S5. Verification of the performance of the foam dust reduction solution: let the foam dust reduction solution obtained in step S4 stand for no more than 48 hours, then take samples of the foam dust reduction solution, and place the sampled samples into a discrete foam generator to evaluate the foam generation density, spray distance and foam stability. If the foam generation density exceeds the density threshold, and the spray distance is greater than the distance threshold, and the foam life is higher than the life threshold, the performance of the foam dust reduction solution meets the standard, and step S6 is performed; if any one of the foam generation density, spray distance and foam life is lower than the set density threshold, distance threshold or life threshold, the solution is invalidated and step S1 is performed again; the density threshold is 595-605 pieces / minute (preferably 600 pieces / minute), the distance threshold is 0.9-1.2 meters (preferably 1 meter), and the life threshold is 28-32 seconds (preferably 30 seconds).

[0020] S6. Preparation of the foam dust suppression and dust reduction composition: 0.4 to 1 parts by weight of dust suppressant is added to the foam dust reduction solution obtained in step S4, stirred for 10 to 15 minutes until it is completely dissolved, and allowed to stand at room temperature for 12 to 20 hours to obtain the final composition having the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction.

[0021] Furthermore, the stirring temperature in step S6 is 60-80°C.

[0022] Further, in step S5, the re-performing of step S1 is specifically to adjust the specific values ​​of each parameter within the range set in step S1, step S2, step S3 and / or step S4 and re-perform (for example, if the density is lower than 595 pieces / minute, then slightly increase the proportion of foam enhancer added, etc.).

[0023] Furthermore, the contact angle of the prepared composition with dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction measured by using quartz sand, limestone powder or coal powder as a substrate is less than 18°; the anti-wind erosion mass loss in 3 hours is less than 1.5wt.%; and the average life of the foam generated is greater than 48s.

[0024] Furthermore, the anti-wind erosion medium used for the anti-wind erosion is one or more of quartz sand, limestone powder or coal powder.

[0025] A method for applying a composition with the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction. The method comprises the following steps: when dust is present in the mining industry, port terminals, industrial production or tunnel construction, the composition with the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction prepared by the above preparation method is sprayed in the form of foam at a flow rate of 0.7 to 1.5 L / min toward the scattered dust through a discrete foam generating device.

[0026] The technical effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. The present invention reasonably arranges the components in the formula, especially reasonably configures the proportions of the components, so that the composition of the present invention and the discrete foam generating device can be better adapted to fill a large space with discrete foam, and after the solution is sucked in by a peristaltic pump, a large amount of stable discrete foam can be sprayed to the scattered dust at a flow rate of 0.7-1.5L / min, so that the suspended dust in the air can be intercepted, adhered and captured, and when the foam combines with the dust, it can accelerate the sedimentation or break down to the ground, and the surface of the dust settled on the ground can form a stable and tough shell film, thereby greatly reducing the secondary flying of the dust on the ground.

[0028] 2. Through the formula and content ratio set by the present invention and the preparation method set by the present invention, the surfactant can not only significantly reduce the surface tension of the foam solution, but also, due to the setting of the configuration sequence of the preparation method, it is easier to form discrete bubbles, and the hydrophilic end of the surfactant can be better attracted by water molecules to be evenly arranged, and the hydrophobic end molecules are arranged on the air side inside and outside the foam, forming a protective film on the inside and outside of the foam. By setting the performance verification step of the foam dust suppression solution, the required performance of the composition suitable for the use conditions of the present invention is enhanced, thereby greatly improving the stability of the overall performance requirements of the obtained composition. By setting the temperature parameters of the overall preparation step, the coordination and cooperation between the components is enhanced, the wettability of the dust suppressant and the dust is enhanced, and it can be condensed into a shell more quickly to achieve the purpose of dust suppression. In conjunction with the setting of the discrete foam generating device, the dust settled on the ground can form a more stable and tough shell film on the surface, thereby enhancing the dust suppression effect.

[0029] 3. The present invention sets the components and contents of the formula, cooperates with the steps of the preparation method and the parameter settings of each step, so that the composition prepared by the present invention can be adapted to the discrete foam generating device, and the adhesion, wettability and covering property of the foam are used to effectively suppress the fugitive dust and ground dust in the construction site environment. The foam solution has the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction, and the components contained in it can reduce the surface tension of the liquid to form bubbles, and improve the foam stability and enhance its wettability with dust. The obtained composition can achieve the dual high-efficiency functions of dust suppression and dust reduction, can greatly improve the working environment of workers, reduce the risk of occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis by reducing dust exposure, and improve the working environment and health of workers; at the same time, the present invention can greatly reduce the concentration of dust, reduce the possibility of explosion, and reduce the risk of dust explosion; at the same time, due to the reduction of dust, the wear and failure of equipment are also reduced, the pollution to the surrounding environment is reduced, and it can also meet the compliance and legality of occupational health and safety standards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a preparation method according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram showing the contact angle results of a specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] A composition with the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the formula of the composition is as follows in parts by weight: 5 to 10 parts by weight of a surfactant (for example, 5.5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 6.5 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, 7.5 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 8.5 parts by weight, 9 parts by weight, 9.5 parts by weight), wherein the surfactant is selected from one or more of Tween-40, sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium α-olefin sulfonate; 1 to 4 parts by weight of a foam enhancer (for example, 1.5 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight, 2.5 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 3.5 parts by weight, etc.), wherein the foam enhancer is selected from one or more of anhydrous glucose, coconut oil diethanolamide or ammonium tripolyphosphate (preferably anhydrous glucose); 2 to 15 parts by weight of a foam enhancer. of a foam sustaining agent (for example, 2.5 parts by weight, 3.8 parts by weight, 5.5 parts by weight, 6.2 parts by weight, 7.5 parts by weight, 9.5 parts by weight, 10.5 parts by weight, 11 parts by weight, or 13 parts by weight), the foam sustaining agent being selected from one or more of glycerol, trisodium dicarboxymethyl alanine, or polyvinyl alcohol; 0.4 to 1 part by weight of a dust suppressant, the dust suppressant being selected from one or both of sodium lignin sulfonate or Triton X-100; the remainder being deionized water; the composition is obtained by firstly stirring and dissolving the surfactant and the deionized water, then stirring and dissolving the obtained material and the foam synergist, then stirring the obtained material and the foam sustaining agent, and then standing, and after verification, stirring the obtained material and the dust suppressant, and then standing to obtain the composition.

[0034] Each component in the composition not only realizes the function of its own existence, but also closely coordinates and cooperates with each other through the content and preparation method set by the present invention. Among them: the surfactant significantly reduces the surface tension of the foam solution and is easy to form discrete bubbles. The monomer bubble is a structure of two layers of solution entrained with a layer of water film. The hydrophilic end of the surfactant is attracted by water molecules to be evenly arranged, and the hydrophobic end molecules are arranged on the air side inside and outside the foam, forming a protective film on the inside and outside of the foam; the setting of the synergist and the persister can improve the stability of the foam and maintain the life of the foam. The foam exposed to dry air discharges the liquid due to gravity and pressure difference, or due to the adhesion of dust, the liquid film becomes thinner and breaks faster. After adding the synergist and the persister, the water molecules and the synergist / persistent molecules are connected by hydrogen bonds, which plays a role in slowing down the evaporation and fragmentation of the solution; the dust suppressant can enhance the wettability of the solution and the dust, so that it can quickly condense into a shell to achieve the purpose of dust suppression. The sprayed discrete foam captures and breaks up the dust in the air, and settles on the surface of the dust on the ground to form a stable and tough shell film, effectively suppressing the secondary flight of dust.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0037] S1. Deionized water configuration: Use a deionizer to deionize high-quality raw water and heat it to 80 degrees using a deionizer.

[0038] S2. Preparation of the first mixed solution: 10 parts by weight of the surfactant Tween-40 and the deionized water prepared in step S1 are stirred in a reactor at a speed of 180 r / min for 8 min at a temperature of 60 degrees Celsius, and the first mixed solution is obtained after the mixture is stirred evenly and the liquid precipitate is completely dissolved.

[0039] S3. Preparation of the second mixed liquid: let the first mixed liquid stand for about 10 minutes until it is completely stable, take 2 parts by weight of anhydrous glucose, a foam enhancer, and mix and stir with the first mixed liquid successfully prepared in step S2 at a speed of 110 r / min for 9 minutes at a temperature of 40 degrees Celsius until the residual substances in the reactor are completely dissolved to obtain the second mixed liquid.

[0040] S4, preparation of foam dust reduction solution: let the second mixed solution stand for about 15 minutes until it is completely stable, take 15 parts by weight of glycerol, a foam persistence agent, and mix it with the second mixed solution successfully prepared in step S3 at a speed of 115 r / min for 13 minutes at a stirring temperature of 40 degrees Celsius, wait for it to be completely dissolved and let it stand for 10 minutes to obtain a foam dust reduction solution.

[0041] S5. Performance verification of foam dust suppression solution: After completing the configuration of the foam dust suppression solution in step S4, the obtained solution is allowed to stand for no more than 48 hours to ensure that it reaches stability. Then, samples are taken and the foam generation density, spraying distance and foam stability are evaluated using a discrete foam generator. The experimental data show that the foam generation density exceeds 600 per minute, and the spraying distance is greater than 1 meter. The foam life is higher than 30 seconds, and the solution properties meet the standards. The subsequent foam dust suppression solution experimental configuration can be continued (through the settings of the present invention, the solution properties will basically meet the standards, and there is a very small probability that the solution will not meet the standards. Once such a situation occurs, it only takes a slight adjustment to one or several parameters in the aforementioned steps and re-preparation to make the solution properties meet the standards).

[0042] S6. Preparation of foam dust suppressant: add 0.4 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate (in other embodiments, 0.6 parts by weight, 0.8 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, etc.) to the foam solution successfully prepared in S4, and stir continuously for 13 minutes until it is completely dissolved. Let it stand at room temperature for 18 hours to obtain the final foam dust suppressant.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] The preparation method of the composition having the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1. Deionized water configuration: Use a deionizer to deionize high-quality raw water and heat it to 75 degrees using a deionizer.

[0046] S2. Preparation of the first mixed solution: 10 parts by weight of the surfactant Tween-40 and the deionized water prepared in step S1 are stirred in a reactor at a speed of 190 r / min for 8 min at a temperature of 60 degrees Celsius, and the first mixed solution is obtained after the mixture is stirred evenly and the liquid precipitate is completely dissolved.

[0047] S3, preparation of the second mixed solution: let the first mixed solution stand for about 10 minutes until it is completely stable, take 2 parts by weight of anhydrous glucose, a foam enhancer, and mix and stir with the first mixed solution successfully prepared in step S2 at a speed of 110 r / min for 8 minutes at a temperature of 40 degrees Celsius until the residual substances in the reactor are completely dissolved to obtain the second mixed solution.

[0048] S4, preparation of foam dust reduction solution: let the second mixed solution stand for about 15 minutes until it is completely stable, take 15 parts by weight of glycerol, a foam persistence agent, and mix it with the second mixed solution successfully prepared in step S3 at a speed of 108 r / min for 13 minutes at a stirring temperature of 40 degrees Celsius, wait for it to be completely dissolved and let it stand for 10 minutes to obtain a foam dust reduction solution.

[0049] S5. Performance verification of foam dust suppression solution: After completing the configuration of the foam dust suppression solution in step S4, the resulting solution is allowed to stand for no more than 48 hours to ensure that it reaches stability. Samples are then taken and the foam generation density, spraying distance and foam stability are evaluated using a discrete foam generator. The experimental data show that the foam generation density exceeds 600 per minute, the spraying distance is greater than 0.98 meters, the foam life is higher than 32 seconds, and the solution properties meet the standards. The subsequent foam dust suppression solution experimental configuration can continue.

[0050] S6. Preparation of foam dust suppressant: add 0.6 parts by weight of Triton X-100 (in other embodiments, 0.4 parts by weight, 0.8 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, etc.) to the foam solution successfully prepared in S4, and stir continuously for 10-15 minutes until it is completely dissolved. Let it stand at room temperature for 12-20 hours to obtain the final foam dust suppressant.

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] The other configurations of this comparative example are the same as those of Example 1, except that step S6 is not provided, which is used to compare the effects of not adding dust suppressants on related performances. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0053] The foam dust suppressant samples prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 were evaluated for foam performance, including three core indicators: foam stability (foam life) (comparison with Comparative Example 1 was also performed), wind erosion resistance, and contact angle with wind erosion resistance application media.

[0054] in:

[0055] 1. Contact angle measurement experiment:

[0056] 1. Quartz sand (limestone powder or coal powder can also be used in other embodiments) is pressed into tablets.

[0057] Prepare the required quartz sand powder raw materials, use a precision balance to weigh the quartz sand powder required for each die hole to ensure the consistency of the quartz sand quality; fill the weighed quartz sand powder evenly into the die hole of the tablet press, adjust the pressure of the upper and lower wheels of the tablet press, set the pressing time to 2 minutes, and start the tablet press to press the quartz sand powder. After the pressing is completed, take out the tablets, record the size and average mass of the obtained tablets, and check whether the tablet quality meets the experimental requirements; collect and organize the qualified quartz sand tablets for contact angle measurement.

[0058] 2. Measurement of contact angle.

[0059] Turn on the contact angle meter and ensure that the equipment is in a clean and calibrated state; connect the contact angle meter to the control computer; place the prepared quartz sand tablet on the measuring tray of the contact angle meter, and adjust the tablet position so that it is in the center of the instrument's focus; use a precision syringe to absorb a certain amount of the foam dust suppression solution of the present invention to ensure the consistency of the drip volume; fix the syringe to the set drip position, and slowly drip a drop of foam solution onto the tablet surface; synchronously start the computer control software to start recording and contact angle measurement. Observe and record the time taken from the moment the droplet contacts the tablet to the time when the droplet shape stabilizes; analyze the contact angle data processed by the software, and record the contact angle value of each quartz sand tablet, as shown below: Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the contact angle results shown is Figure 2 Where a is the contact angle value measured in Example 1, and b is the contact angle value measured in Example 2. The contact angle measurement results finally obtained are shown in Table 1, which is the experimental data values ​​of contact angle measurement of Example 1 and Example 2.

[0060] Table 1

[0061]

[0062] In Table 1, CAleft[°] is the degree on the left, CAright[°] is the degree on the right, and CAmean[°] is the final degree. From the contact angle measurement results in Table 1, it can be seen that the contact angles of the foam solutions of Examples 1 and 2 are small, indicating that the wettability of the liquid on the dust surface is good. A small contact angle means that the foam dust suppression solution can quickly wet and capture dust in the air, and has a good dust reduction effect.

[0063] 2. Wind erosion resistance test:

[0064] Place 50g of quartz sand (limestone powder or coal powder can also be used in other embodiments) dust sample in a 90mm culture dish to make a conical dust pile model. Use a spray bottle to spray 2L / m 2 The water and the foam dust suppressant of the present invention were placed on the surface of the dust pile model (for a control experiment). After drying, a high-pressure centrifugal fan was used to blow the dust pile surface at a wind speed of 12 m / s at a distance of 0.5 m from the dust pile for 3 hours. The dust mass was weighed at intervals of 0.5 hours to detect the anti-wind erosion ability of the foam solution. The specific results are shown in Table 2, which is the anti-wind erosion test measurement data results of Example 1 and Example 2 compared with substantially equal amounts of pure water.

[0065] Table 2

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] The data in Table 2 show that compared with spraying pure water solution, spraying a layer of foam dust suppressant on the surface of the dust pile model will form a stable dust suppression protective film, which can reduce the dust loss rate by 40%-80% under strong wind, thereby effectively preventing the ground dust from flying, spreading and re-suspension.

[0069] 3. Foam life test

[0070] 1. Prepare the foam solutions and beakers of Example 1 and Example 2, and ensure that the solution temperature is consistent with the laboratory setting temperature.

[0071] 2. Connect one end of the 2-4cm flexible hose to the syringe head and check if the connection is tight to avoid gas leakage.

[0072] 3. Pull the plunger of the syringe back to a fixed position to prepare for inflation. Mark the position of the plunger to ensure that the amount of gas injected is consistent in each experiment.

[0073] 4. Lightly dip the free end of the hose into the solution to form a liquid film on the cross section of the hose. Ensure that the degree of wetting is consistent each time to reduce experimental deviation.

[0074] 5. Steadily press the plunger of the syringe to inject gas into the rubber tube. The liquid film at the end of the rubber tube is inflated and closed to form foam. The experimental operation should ensure that the size of the foam produced each time is similar.

[0075] 6. Start timing when foam is generated, observe and record the time from complete foam generation to foam bursting. Test each solution 10 times, and take the average value as the foam life.

[0076] 7. Repeat the above process and perform the same operation on the foam solutions of Example 1 and Example 2 to obtain data on the foam life under different dust suppressants and concentration gradients. The results are shown in Table 3, which is a measurement data table of the foam life of Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example 1.

[0077] Table 3

[0078]

[0079] As can be seen from Table 3, although the dust suppressant mainly functions to enhance the wettability of the solution and dust, so that it quickly condenses into a shell to achieve the purpose of dust suppression, it itself has little effect on the foam life (such as Example 1), and through Example 2, it can also be obtained that it has a certain degree of improvement in the foam life (such as Example 2), that is, through the reasonable setting of the specific dust suppressant and the reasonable setting of its addition amount and concentration of the present invention, the dust suppressant and the foam stabilizer not only do not show a significant mutual exclusion effect, but promote the foam stability, slightly improve the foam life, and make the dust suppression and dust reduction foam have better stability. This further proves that the reasonable selection of the dust suppressant and the reasonable ratio and matching of the content with other components play a synergistic enhancement role, and enhance the wettability of dust while ensuring the stability and life of the foam.

[0080] Comparative Example 2

[0081] The other settings of this comparative example are the same as those of Example 2, except that the addition amount of Triton X-100 in step S6 is set to 2.5 parts by weight (not within the range set by the present invention, and the content is higher than the range set by the present invention), and the other settings are the same as those of Example 2. By testing the anti-wind erosion ability of the product with the same mass as that of Example 2, the mass at 0 hours is 58.6g, the mass loss after 3 hours is 1.1g, and the mass loss rate is 1.87wt.%. The amount of dust suppressant added is about 4 times that of Example 2, but the anti-wind erosion effect is significantly reduced; at the same time, by comparing the foam life measurement data of the product under the same conditions as Example 2, it is found that the average life of the foam in this comparative example is 59.709s, which improves the foam stability to a certain extent. The main reason is that the dust suppressant in the formula of Comparative Example 2 is highly concentrated, which easily causes the solution to be viscous. After being sprayed on the surface of the dust pile model, it is difficult to spread quickly and wet the dust over a large area, and it is easy to scatter in agglomerates under the action of strong winds. This indicates that the setting of the dust suppressant content not within the scope of the present invention does not improve the dust suppression effect, but only enhances the foam life, and will also cause an increase in economic costs. This comparative example 2 proves that the content of each component in the present invention is not limited to each component, but has a close coordination effect, focusing on the synergistic enhancement of each component, and comprehensively testing the dust reduction and dust suppression effects of the foam solution.

[0082] Comparative Example 3

[0083] The formulations and the proportions of the formulations in this comparative example are the same as those in Example 2, except that the preparation steps of Example 2 are not adopted. Instead, all surfactants, foam enhancers, foam maintainers and dust suppressants are directly mixed and added directly to deionized water for stirring at 60-80°C at 100-120r / min. After stirring for 30 minutes, a discrete foam generator is used to perform a performance test on the obtained mixed solution. The experiment shows that the foam generation density and foam life have not yet reached the standard, only a small amount of foam is generated, the monomer film is thin, the water is drained quickly and it is easy to break, and it is difficult to spread into a film at the foaming end to blow out dense and continuous foam.

[0084] Comparative Example 4

[0085] The other settings of this comparative example are the same as those of Example 2, except that there is no heating treatment in each preparation step, and stirring is performed at room temperature. All other settings are the same as those of Example 2. The obtained mixture is tested and it is found that the solution has incomplete dissolution, severe stratification, and a large amount of white foam is generated on the surface, which affects the foam solution performance test; and after standing for 24 hours, a colloid precipitates at the bottom, making it difficult to form a stable and uniform solution. If a foam generator is used for foam performance testing, the instrument will be blocked and damaged.

[0086] Comparative Example 5

[0087] The other configurations of this comparative example are the same as those in Example 2, except that the stirring speed in each preparation step is set to 200r / min (i.e., the stirring intensity is greater than the stirring intensity set by the present invention), and all other configurations are the same as those in Example 2. The mixture obtained is tested, and it is found that each contact angle, wind erosion resistance, and foam life are substantially the same as those in Example 2, but due to the increase in stirring speed, energy consumption is greatly increased, thereby indicating that the stirring speeds of the various stages of the present invention are specifically set based on each section of different processing processes, and the optimal range of close coordination with other parameters set in each section. Another configuration of this comparative example is that other configurations are the same as those in Example 2, except that the stirring speed in each preparation step is set to 80r / min (i.e., the stirring intensity is less than the stirring intensity set by the present invention), and all other configurations are the same as those in Example 2. The mixture obtained is tested, and it is found that the solution appears incomplete dissolution in the S2 step, and there is colloid precipitation at the bottom of the standing for about 30h, and it is difficult to form a stable and uniform solution. If a foam generator is used to test foam performance, the instrument will be blocked and damaged.

[0088] Comparative Example 6

[0089] The other settings of this comparative example are the same as those of Example 2, except that the foam synergist is replaced with anhydrous copper sulfate. All other settings are the same as those of Example 2. The obtained mixture is tested and it is found that the average foam life is shortened to 44.668s, and as the dust suppressant concentration increases to 1 part by weight, the foam life decreases to 14.124s, indicating that the formula change has a negative impact on the foam performance and dust suppression effect. The components of the foam solution set by the present invention have a synergistic enhancement effect, and can achieve the dual goals of dust reduction and dust suppression when used in conjunction with a discrete foam generating device.

[0090] The technical principle of the present invention is described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. These descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the present invention and cannot be interpreted as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention in any way. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art can associate other specific implementations of the present invention without paying creative labor, and these methods will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composition having the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following formulas by weight: 5 to 10 parts by weight of a surfactant, 1 to 4 parts by weight of a foam enhancer, 2 to 15 parts by weight of a foam retainer, 0.4 to 1 part by weight of a dust suppressant and 70 to 91.6 parts by weight of deionized water. The composition is obtained by firstly stirring the surfactant and deionized water evenly and dissolving them, then stirring the obtained material and the foam enhancer evenly and dissolving them, then stirring the obtained material and the foam retainer evenly and then standing them, and after verification, stirring the obtained material and the dust suppressant evenly and then standing them to obtain the composition.

2. The composition having the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactant is selected from one or more of Tween-40, sodium lauryl sulfate or sodium α-olefin sulfonate.

3. The composition having the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foam enhancer is selected from one or more of anhydrous glucose, coconut oil diethanolamide or ammonium tripolyphosphate.

4. The composition having the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foam lasting agent is selected from one or more of glycerol, trisodium dicarboxymethyl alanine or polyvinyl alcohol.

5. The composition having the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust suppressant is selected from one or both of sodium lignin sulfonate and Triton X-100.

6. A method for preparing a composition having the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction, characterized in that: The formula of the composition is the formula of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: S1. Deionized water preparation: Deionize high-quality raw water by deionizing it with a deionizer to obtain deionized water, and heat the deionized water to 60-80° C. with the deionizer; S2, preparation of the first mixed solution: 5 to 10 parts by weight of a surfactant is mixed with 70 to 91.6 parts by weight of the deionized water prepared and heated in step S1, and stirred in a reaction kettle at a speed of 160 to 200 r / min for 5 to 10 minutes at a temperature of 55 to 65° C. to obtain a first mixed solution in which the precipitate is completely dissolved and stirred evenly; S3, preparation of the second mixed solution: the first mixed solution obtained in step S2 is allowed to stand for 8 to 12 minutes to make it completely stable, 1 to 4 parts by weight of a foam enhancer is added to the first mixed solution after standing, and mixed and stirred at a speed of 100 to 120 r / min, the stirring time is 5 to 10 minutes, and the stirring temperature is 38 to 42° C., and the residual substances in the reactor are completely dissolved to obtain a second mixed solution; S4, preparation of a foam dust reduction solution: the second mixed solution obtained in step S3 is allowed to stand for 12 to 18 minutes to make it completely stable, 2 to 15 parts by weight of a foam persistence agent is added to the second mixed solution after standing, and mixed and stirred at a speed of 100 to 120 r / min, the stirring time is 10 to 15 minutes, the stirring temperature is 36 to 45° C., the mixture is completely dissolved and allowed to stand for 8 to 12 minutes to obtain a foam dust reduction solution; S5. Performance verification of the foam dust reduction solution: the foam dust reduction solution obtained in step S4 is allowed to stand for no more than 48 hours, and then the foam dust reduction solution is sampled, and the sampled sample is placed in a discrete foam generator to evaluate the foam generation density, injection distance and foam stability. If the foam generation density exceeds the density threshold, and the injection distance is greater than the distance threshold, and the foam life is higher than the life threshold, the performance of the foam dust reduction solution meets the standard, and step S6 is performed; if any one of the foam generation density, injection distance and foam life is lower than the set density threshold, distance threshold or life threshold, the solution is invalidated and step S1 is performed again; the density threshold is 595-605 pieces / minute, the distance threshold is 0.9-1.2 meters, and the life threshold is 28-32 seconds; S6. Preparation of the foam dust suppression and dust reduction composition: 0.4 to 1 parts by weight of dust suppressant is added to the foam dust reduction solution obtained in step S4, stirred for 10 to 15 minutes until it is completely dissolved, and allowed to stand at room temperature for 12 to 20 hours to obtain the final composition having the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S5, the re-performing of step S1 specifically includes adjusting the specific values ​​of each parameter within the range set in step S1, step S2, step S3 and / or step S4 and re-performing; The stirring temperature in step S6 is 60 to 80°C.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The prepared dust suppression and dust reduction dual function composition has a contact angle of less than 18° measured by using quartz sand, limestone powder or coal powder as a substrate; the 3-hour wind erosion resistance mass loss is less than 1.5wt.%; and the average life of the generated foam is greater than 48s.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The anti-wind erosion medium used for anti-wind erosion is one or more of quartz sand, limestone powder or coal powder.

10. A method for applying a composition having the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction, characterized in that: The application method is that when dust exists in the mining industry, port terminals, industrial production or tunnel construction, a composition with the dual functions of dust suppression and dust reduction prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 9 is sprayed in the form of foam at a flow rate of 0.7 to 1.5 L / min toward the scattered dust through a discrete foam generating device.

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