A copper smelting method for an Ausmelt furnace with a slag-gold double weir opening and non-immersed top-side collaborative injection

Abstract

The invention discloses a copper smelting method for an Ausmelt furnace with non-immersed top and side co-injection through double weirs, which relates to the technical field of copper smelting in Ausmelt furnaces and includes: (1) injecting pulverized coal and ore powder into the molten bath through the side blowing coal gun and ore gun of the Ausmelt furnace with double weirs and co-injection of ore and coal; (2) injecting hot air through the central combustion gun lowered from the top of the Ausmelt furnace with double weirs and co-injection of ore and coal, and using the side blowing combustion gun as heat supplement; (3) after the reaction ends, raising the central combustion gun, recording the temperature distribution of the melt, detecting the viscosity of the molten slag, and taking slag samples for analysis of the content of Fe3O4. The Ausmelt furnace with double weirs and co-injection of ore and coal of the invention includes: a flue, a central combustion gun, a side blowing combustion gun, a slag notch, a side blowing ore gun, a side blowing coal gun, and a siphon weir notch; the method of the invention solves problems such as the increase in slag viscosity occurring in conventional copper smelting in Ausmelt furnaces, and greatly improves the production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of copper smelting in Ausmelt furnaces, and particularly relates to a copper smelting method for an Ausmelt furnace with a double slag and metal weir opening and non-immersed top-side collaborative injection. Background Art

[0002] The current technical characteristics of the Ausmelt furnace are the use of a single weir opening immersed single Siro lance, which is mainly used for smelting non-ferrous metal ores such as copper, lead, tin, and nickel. This configuration of the single weir opening immersed single Siro lance is the core equipment of the Ausmelt furnace. It blows coal and combustion-supporting air into the molten bath at a high speed in a swirling manner, and makes the molten bath in a violently turbulent state. The lance is immersed in the molten bath, and fuel and process gases (air and additional oxygen) are sprayed into the molten bath through the lance to form strong stirring of the molten slag. The immersed central lance is composed of four specially designed concentric sleeves: the innermost layer is pulverized coal and air (coal-carrying air); the second layer is oxygen; the third layer is air (lance air); the outermost layer is sleeve air (sleeve air) that protects the copper wall of the third sleeve and is also used for sulfur and other combustible components (mainly CO) in the combustion flue gas. During operation, the lance is inserted from the top of the furnace into the melt in a vertically placed cylindrical furnace chamber, and air (or oxygen-enriched air) and fuel (oil, natural gas, or pulverized coal) are sprayed into the melt from the end of the lance, creating a violently tumbling molten bath surface in the furnace. The furnace charge is directly added into the tumbling molten bath from the top charging port.

[0003] In the existing production process, there is a large temperature gradient in the molten layer. Fe3O4 in the slag will be saturated or nearly saturated in some local areas of the molten bath, forming sticky slag, which will seriously become a furnace knot and reduce the volume of the molten bath. Therefore, reducing the temperature gradient, reasonably controlling the temperature of the melt, and reducing the harm of sticky slag are one of the key issues in production operations. It is generally considered that the content of Fe3O4 in the slag needs to be controlled below 15%.

[0004] However, the single weir opening immersed injection design of the Ausmelt furnace has great production defects:

[0005] 1. There is no slag port design for the single weir opening. The discharge of the melt is on the opposite side of the charging port. The temperature on the charging side of the molten bath is high, and the temperature on the side of the discharged melt is high, resulting in a large temperature gradient in the molten bath, affecting the sufficiency of the reaction, deteriorating the properties such as the viscosity of the slag, making it difficult to separate the slag and metal, and being unfavorable for the subsequent process treatment.

[0006] 2. The immersed lance will inevitably be corroded and damaged after being immersed for a long time. Besides stopping production when damaged and shutting down the furnace, it cannot be replaced or repaired, which is not conducive to continuous production.

[0007] 3. The furnace body is large, the molten bath is shallow, the overall filling rate of the furnace body is low, the utilization efficiency is low, the heat exchange rate is low, and the energy loss rate is high. The molten bath is too shallow. Using submerged injection will cause slag-metal mixing, and subsequent electric furnace slag separation is required, increasing the processes and energy consumption. If a settling pond can be formed to separate the slag and metal in the furnace, the production efficiency can be greatly increased. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention provides a copper smelting method for an Ausmelt furnace with non-submerged top-side coordinated injection through double slag-metal weirs, which solves the following problems existing in the Ausmelt furnace during the smelting process: the corrosion problem of the submerged injection lance, the slag-metal mixing problem caused by submerged injection, the redundant process design problem that the single weir needs subsequent electric furnace slag separation for discharging the mixed slag and metal, the problem of uneven molten bath temperature field caused by the design of the single weir and side feeding, as well as the problems of low molten bath height, slender furnace, too long lance, too low filling rate of the furnace body, and low energy utilization efficiency.

[0009] The copper smelting method for an Ausmelt furnace with double slag-metal weirs and coordinated injection of ore and coal of the present invention specifically comprises the following steps:

[0010] (1) After the pulverized coal and the raw ore respectively go through the grinding and separation process, they are injected into the molten bath through the side coal lance and the side ore lance of the Ausmelt furnace with non-submerged top-side coordinated injection through double slag-metal weirs.

[0011] (2) The hot air is injected through the central burner lance lowered from the top of the Ausmelt furnace with non-submerged top-side coordinated injection through double slag-metal weirs to provide heat for the furnace body and the molten bath, and the side burner lance of the Ausmelt furnace with non-submerged top-side coordinated injection through double slag-metal weirs serves as heat supplement.

[0012] (3) After the reaction ends, the central burner lance is raised, the temperature distribution of the melt is recorded, the viscosity of the molten slag is detected, and a slag sample is taken for the content analysis of Fe3O4.

[0013] Furthermore, the Ausmelt furnace with double slag-gold weirs and co-injection of ore and coal according to the present invention includes: a flue, a central burner, side-blowing burners, slag outlets, side-blowing ore guns, side-blowing coal guns, and siphon weirs. The furnace is divided into a combustion zone and a molten bath from top to bottom. The molten bath is divided into a molten slag layer and a matte layer from top to bottom. A flue is provided at the upper part of the Ausmelt furnace, and a central burner is provided at the central position of the top. The central burner is 2000 mm to 3000 mm above the horizontal plane of the molten bath; the double slag outlets are arranged at the middle position between the combustion zone and the molten slag layer. The center line of the slag outlet is 2500 mm to 3500 mm from the furnace bottom, and the size is a rectangular opening with a side length of 750 mm to 950 mm or a round hole with a diameter of 650 mm to 850 mm, and they are symmetrically distributed on the furnace body; the blowing inlets of the side-blowing burners are located in the combustion zone. The center line of the opening of the side-blowing burner on the furnace body is 5000 mm to 6000 mm from the furnace bottom, and the center line of the muzzle of the side-blowing burner extending into the furnace body is 1500 mm to 2500 mm from the horizontal plane of the molten bath, and they are symmetrically distributed on the furnace body; the blowing inlets of the side-blowing coal guns are located in the molten slag layer. The center line of the opening of the side-blowing coal gun on the furnace body is 2500 mm to 3500 mm from the furnace bottom, and the center line of the muzzle of the side-blowing coal gun extending into the molten slag layer of the molten bath in the furnace body is 2000 mm to 2500 mm from the furnace bottom, and they are symmetrically distributed on the furnace body; the blowing inlets of the side-blowing ore guns are located in the molten slag layer. The center line of the opening of the side-blowing ore gun on the furnace body is 2500 mm to 3500 mm from the furnace bottom, and the center line of the muzzle of the side-blowing ore gun extending into the molten slag layer of the molten bath in the furnace body is 2000 mm to 2500 mm from the furnace bottom, and they are symmetrically distributed on the furnace body; two siphon weirs are provided at both ends of the bottom matte layer. The center line of the siphon weir is 500 mm to 700 mm from the furnace bottom, and the size is a rectangular opening with a side length of 750 mm to 950 mm or a round hole with a diameter of 650 mm to 850 mm, and they are symmetrically distributed on the furnace body.

[0014] The central burner adopts the non-immersed top-blowing method, which will not cause direct and long-term corrosion of the burner. Its main function is to inject fuel, form a combustion heat exchange zone above the liquid surface, while maintaining the heat demand of the molten bath, carry out secondary combustion on the flue gas and dust generated by the molten bath, buffer the flue gas velocity, and reduce the erosion and corrosion of the metal particles in the dust on the flue.

[0015] The function of the side-blowing burner is to assist in fuel injection, provide heat to the edge slag layer, and play a role in rotating and stirring, making the temperature gradient of the slag layer uniform, reducing the generation of Fe3O4 and the adverse effect of Fe3O4 on the increase of slag viscosity.

[0016] The double slag outlets and the double siphon weirs are vertically and symmetrically distributed on the furnace body, which is beneficial to the uniform dissipation of the heat of the molten bath and avoids the mixing of slag and gold.

[0017] The side-blowing ore gun is inserted into the molten slag layer to form a "gushing" molten bath stirring, making the reaction more complete.

[0018] The side-blown coal lance is inserted into the slag layer to promote the slag-making reaction and directly act on Fe3O4 in the slag to promote its reduction.

[0019] The side-blown ore lance has the same specifications as the side-blown coal lance and has the function of replacing each other for production.

[0020] The symmetric side-blown fuel lances, side-blown coal lances and side-blown ore lances are all opened and closed simultaneously and discharged according to the copper matte of the target grade.

[0021] Furthermore, in the step (1), the main components and contents of the raw ore are Cu: 22% - 25%, S: 26% - 31%, Fe: 25% - 30%, SiO2: 5% - 7%, CaO: 1.5% - 3%; the particle size of the ore powder is 1.25 mm - 8 mm, and the particle size of the coal powder is 0.1 mm - 6 mm.

[0022] Furthermore, in the step (1), the side-blown coal lance and the side-blown ore lance use normal-temperature air or nitrogen to pressurize and convey the coal powder and the ore powder. The pressure used by a single side-blown coal lance or side-blown ore lance is 100 kPa - 200 kPa, and the air supply flow rate is 800 Nm 3 / h - 1600 Nm 3 / h.

[0023] Furthermore, in the step (2), the heat of the hot air is generated by the combustion of heavy oil or natural gas. The gauge pressure of the central fuel lance is 400 kPa - 500 kPa, and the air supply flow rate is 3500 Nm 3 / h - 4500 Nm 3 / h.

[0024] Furthermore, in the step (2), during operation, the central fuel lance descends to a position 2000 mm - 3000 mm above the molten bath surface; the central fuel lance is a conventional fuel spray gun with a three-layer jacket structure. The innermost layer is fuel (solid and liquid fuels such as coal powder and heavy oil), the middle layer is oxygen-enriched air (oxygen content above 75%), and the outermost layer is a water-cooled jacket.

[0025] Furthermore, in the step (2), the side-blown fuel lance is a conventional fuel spray gun with a three-layer jacket structure. The innermost layer is fuel (gaseous fuels such as CO and natural gas), the middle layer is oxygen-enriched air (oxygen content above 75%), and the outermost layer is a water-cooled jacket.

[0026] Furthermore, in the step (2), the gauge pressure of a single side-blown fuel lance is 200 kPa - 300 kPa, and the air supply flow rate is 2000 Nm 3 / h - 3000 Nm 3 / h.

[0027] Further, in the step (3), the working height of the molten bath is 3000 mm to 4000 mm, the temperature difference between the central temperature and the side wall temperature of the molten slag does not exceed 150 °C, the average content of Fe3O4 in the molten slag is not higher than 15%, the concentration difference of Fe3O4 between the central position and the side wall position does not exceed 7%, and the viscosity of the molten slag is less than or equal to 1.5 Pa·s.

[0028] Advantages of the present invention:

[0029] 1. The non-immersed top-blown fuel burner will not cause direct and long-term corrosion of the fuel burner. Its main function is to spray fuel to form a combustion heat exchange area above the liquid surface. While maintaining the heat demand of the molten bath, it can perform secondary combustion on the flue gas and dust generated by the molten bath, buffer the flue gas flow rate, and reduce the erosion and corrosion of the flue by metal particles in the dust;

[0030] 2. The side-blown fuel burner is provided to assist fuel injection, provide heat to the edge slag layer, and play a role of rotational agitation, making the temperature gradient of the slag layer uniform, reducing the generation of Fe3O4 and the adverse effect of Fe3O4 on the increase in slag viscosity;

[0031] 3. The symmetric distribution design of the double slag ports and double weir ports is conducive to the uniform dissipation of the heat of the molten bath. The slag ports and weir ports are vertically and crossly distributed, effectively avoiding the mixed flow of molten slag and copper matte;

[0032] 4. The ore lance is inserted into the slag-metal interface to form a "gushing" agitation of the molten bath, making the reaction more complete;

[0033] 5. The coal lance is inserted into the slag layer to promote the slag-making reaction and directly act on Fe3O4 in the slag to promote its reduction;

[0034] 6. Increasing the height of the molten bath to 1.5 to 2 times the existing molten bath height (about 2000 mm) of the Ausmelt furnace. Instead of blowing air to stir the metal molten bath, only stir at the slag-metal interface to promote the exchange of valuable metal elements in the interfacial chemical reaction, so that the lower metal molten bath forms a settling pond, continuously forming a slag-metal separation surface, eliminating the need for subsequent electric furnace slag separation, saving processes and increasing the service efficiency of the furnace body;

[0035] 7. The ore lance and the coal lance have the same specifications. When problems occur during the production cycle, their production functions can be replaced at any time, and the side-blown lance can be replaced in turn, without the need to stop production for major repairs, enabling longer continuous production;

[0036] 8. The Ausmelt furnace designed by the present invention is suitable for iron and non-ferrous metallurgy and can be used as a general smelting furnace model. Description of the drawings

[0037] Figure 1 Front view sectional schematic diagram of the Ausmelt furnace used in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 A top view sectional drawing of the Ausmelt furnace used in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] Reference numerals: 1, flue; 2, central burner gun; 3, side-blown burner gun; 4, slag notch; 5, side-blown ore gun; 6, side-blown coal gun; 7, siphon weir notch; 8, combustion zone; 9, slag layer; 10, matte layer. Specific embodiments

[0040] Next, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying Figure 1-2 drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0041] A copper smelting method for an Ausmelt furnace with a slag-gold double weir notch and non-immersed top-side coordinated injection, wherein the structure of the Ausmelt furnace with a slag-gold double weir notch and non-immersed top-side coordinated injection (hereinafter referred to as the Ausmelt furnace) is as Figure 1-2 shown, including: flue 1, central burner gun 2, side-blown burner gun 3, slag notch 4, side-blown ore gun 5, side-blown coal gun 6, siphon weir notch 7.

[0042] Inside the Ausmelt furnace, it is divided into a combustion zone 8, a slag layer 9 and a matte layer 10 from top to bottom. A flue 1 is arranged at the upper part of the Ausmelt furnace, and a central burner gun 2 is arranged at the center of the top. The central burner gun is 2000 mm to 3000 mm above the molten pool water surface; the slag notch center lines of the two slag notches 4 are 2500 mm to 3500 mm from the furnace bottom, and the size is a rectangular opening with a side length of 750 mm to 950 mm or a circular hole with a diameter of 650 mm to 850 mm, and they are symmetrically distributed on the furnace body; the blowing inlets of the two side-blown burner guns 3 are located in the combustion zone 8, the opening center lines of the side-blown burner guns on the furnace body are 5000 mm to 6000 mm from the furnace bottom, and the muzzle center lines of the side-blown burner guns extending into the furnace body are 1500 mm to 2500 mm from the molten pool water surface, and they are symmetrically distributed on the furnace body; the blowing inlets of the two side-blown coal guns 6 are located in the slag layer 9, the opening center lines of the side-blown coal guns on the furnace body are 2500 mm to 3500 mm from the furnace bottom, and the muzzle center lines of the side-blown coal guns extending into the slag layer of the molten pool in the furnace body are 2000 mm to 2500 mm from the furnace bottom, and they are symmetrically distributed on the furnace body; the blowing inlets of the two side-blown ore guns 5 are located in the slag layer 9, the opening center lines of the side-blown ore guns on the furnace body are 2500 mm to 3500 mm from the furnace bottom, and the muzzle center lines of the side-blown ore guns extending into the slag layer of the molten pool in the furnace body are 2000 mm to 2500 mm from the furnace bottom, and they are symmetrically distributed on the furnace body; two siphon weir notches 7 are arranged at both ends of the bottom matte layer 10, the siphon weir notch center lines are 500 mm to 700 mm from the furnace bottom, and the size is a rectangular opening with a side length of 750 mm to 950 mm or a circular hole with a diameter of 650 mm to 850 mm, and they are symmetrically distributed on the furnace body.

[0043] The double slag ports 4 and the double siphon weir ports 7 are vertically symmetrically distributed on the furnace body; the side-blowing ore lance 5 and the side-blowing coal lance 6 have the same specifications.

[0044] The side-blowing fuel lance 3, the central fuel lance 2, the side-blowing ore lance 5, and the side-blowing coal lance 6 start working simultaneously until the matte reaches the target grade.

[0045] The copper smelting method for the Ausmelt furnace with non-submerged top-side collaborative injection at the slag-metal double weir port is as follows:

[0046] (1) After the pulverized coal and the raw ore are respectively subjected to grinding and separation processes, they are injected into the designated positions of the matte layer 10 through the side-blowing coal lance 6 and the side-blowing ore lance 5 of the Ausmelt furnace;

[0047] (2) The central fuel lance 2 injects heavy oil, and the side-blowing fuel lance 3 injects natural gas, etc. to provide heat for the furnace body and the matte layer 10;

[0048] (3) When the matte grade reaches 58%, after the reaction ends, the central fuel lance 2 is lifted, the melt temperature distribution is recorded, the slag viscosity is detected, and a slag sample is taken for analysis.

[0049] Among them, the working height of the molten pool is 3000mm - 4000mm, the temperature difference between the center and the side wall of the molten slag is less than 150°C, the average content of Fe3O4 in the molten slag is less than 15%, the concentration difference of Fe3O4 in the molten slag at the center and the side wall is less than 7%, and the viscosity of the molten slag is less than or equal to 1.5 Pa·s.

[0050] The ore materials used in the following examples and comparative examples are copper sulfide ores. The main components and contents of the ore materials are Cu: 22% - 25%, S: 26% - 31%, Fe: 25% - 30%, SiO2: 5% - 7%, CaO: 1.5% - 3%. The material consumption during the smelting process is as follows: 155t / h of ore material, 1.5t / h of lump coal, and 14t / h of river sand. Among them, the SiO2 content in the river sand is more than 75% and is used for the slag-making reaction. The particle size of the ore powder is 1.25mm - 8mm, and the particle size of the pulverized coal is 0.1mm - 6mm.

[0051] The parameters of the submerged injection central lance used in the comparative example are as follows: The submerged injection central lance is a 4-sheath structure: the innermost layer is pulverized coal and air (coal-carrying air); the second layer is oxygen; the third layer is air (lance air); the outermost layer is sleeve air (sleeve air) for protecting the third-layer copper wall. The total pressure of the central lance is 850 kPa, and the total gas supply flow rate is 3400 Nm 3 / h. The particle size of the pulverized coal injected in the innermost layer is 0.1 - 6mm, and the injection amount is 3 - 5t / h. The gauge pressure of the coal-carrying air is 150 kPa, and the gas supply flow rate is 600 Nm 3 / h; the gauge pressure of the oxygen in the second layer is 300 kPa, and the gas supply flow rate is 1200 Nm 3 / h; The surface pressure of the air for the third - layer air spray gun is 200 kPa, and the air supply flow rate is 800 Nm 3 / h; The surface pressure of the sleeve air is 200 kPa, and the air supply flow rate is 800 Nm 3 / h.

[0052] The parameters of the non - submerged top - side combined injection spray gun used in the embodiment are as follows: The surface pressure of the central burner gun 2 is 400 kPa - 450 kPa, and the air supply flow rate is 3500 Nm 3 / h - 4500 Nm 3 / h, and the central burner gun 2 is 2000 mm - 3000 mm above the molten bath water level; The surface pressure of a single side - blowing burner gun 3 is maintained at 200 kPa - 300 kPa, and the air supply flow rate is 2000 Nm 3 / h - 3000 Nm 3 / h; The side - blowing coal gun 6 and the side - blowing ore gun 5 use normal - temperature air. The average pressure used for a single side - blowing coal gun or side - blowing ore gun is 100 kPa - 200 kPa, and the air supply flow rate is 800 Nm 3 / h - 1600 Nm 3 / h.

[0053] When the copper matte grade reaches 58%, record the outer - wall temperature of the central burner gun 2 of the top - blowing and the molten - body temperature distribution, and take slag samples and copper matte samples to detect and analyze the Fe3O4 content in the slag and the copper grade in the copper sulfur. Release a part of the copper matte and molten slag through the siphon weir opening 7 and the slag notch 4 into the subsequent process. Stop discharging the molten slag and copper matte after the molten - bath height drops to about 2600 mm, and continue feeding and production until the target copper matte grade is reached. The viscosity of the molten slag is tested with reference to the YB / T 185 - 2017 standard.

[0054] Comparative Example 1

[0055] Use a conventional Ausmelt furnace for the smelting of copper sulfide ore, and carry out single - weir - opening submerged injection. The specific effects are as follows:

[0056] (1) Record the temperature at the side wall of the molten slag and the temperature at the center of the molten slag. The temperature at the center of the molten slag is as high as 1372.5 °C, and the temperature at the side wall of the molten slag is 1099.5 °C. The temperature difference between the center and the side wall of the molten slag is about 273 °C. Such a high temperature difference will cause a large temperature gradient in the molten bath, affect the sufficiency of the reaction, deteriorate the viscosity of the slag, make it difficult to separate the molten slag and copper matte, and is not conducive to the treatment of the subsequent process;

[0057] (2) The average Fe3O4 content of the molten slag is 17.7%, and the Fe3O4 concentration difference between the center and the side wall of the molten slag is about 9.3%. The high - temperature viscosity of the molten slag is about 1.79 Pa·s. The high Fe3O4 content in the molten slag is likely to form sticky slag, resulting in an increase in the viscosity of the molten slag. In severe cases, it will become a furnace build - up, reducing the volume of the molten bath.

[0058] Comparative Example 2

[0059] The conventional Ausmelt furnace was used for smelting copper sulfide ore and was improved to double-weir submerged injection. The specific effects are as follows:

[0060] (1) Record the temperature at the side wall of the slag and the temperature at the center of the slag. The temperature at the center of the slag is as high as 1322.5 °C, the temperature at the side wall of the slag is 1111.5 °C, and the temperature difference between the center and the side wall of the slag is about 211 °C;

[0061] (2) The average Fe3O4 content of the slag is 16.1%, the concentration difference of Fe3O4 in the slag at the center and the side wall is about 8.2%, and the high-temperature viscosity of the slag is about 1.58 Pa·s.

[0062] Comparative Example 3

[0063] The Ausmelt furnace with non-submerged top-side coordinated injection of slag and metal of the present invention was used for smelting copper sulfide ore, but only single-weir non-submerged top-side coordinated injection was adopted. The specific effects are as follows:

[0064] (1) The gauge pressure of the central burner 2 is 400 kPa, the gas supply flow rate is 3500 Nm 3 / h, and the central burner 2 is 3000 mm above the molten pool horizontal plane;

[0065] (2) The gauge pressure of a single side-blown burner 3 is maintained at 200 kPa, and the gas supply flow rate is 2000 Nm 3 / h;

[0066] (3) The side-blown coal gun 6 and the side-blown ore gun 5 use normal-temperature air. The pressure used by a single side-blown coal gun or side-blown ore gun is 100 kPa, and the gas supply flow rate is 800 Nm 3 / h;

[0067] (4) Record the temperature at the side wall of the slag and the temperature at the center of the slag. The temperature at the center of the slag is as high as 1343.5 °C, the temperature at the side wall of the slag is 1170.6 °C, and the temperature difference between the center and the side wall of the slag is about 173 °C;

[0068] (5) The average Fe3O4 content of the slag is 15.2%, the concentration difference of Fe3O4 in the slag at the center and the side wall is about 7.3%, and the high-temperature viscosity of the slag is about 1.55 Pa·s.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] The Ausmelt furnace with non-submerged top-side coordinated injection of slag and metal of the present invention was used for smelting copper sulfide ore, which was realized by the non-submerged top-side coordinated injection technology of double weirs. The specific effects are as follows:

[0071] (1) The gauge pressure of the central burner gun 2 is 400 kPa, and the gas supply flow rate is 3500 Nm 3 / h. The central burner gun 2 is 3000 mm above the molten bath horizontal plane;

[0072] (2) The gauge pressure of a single side-blown burner gun 3 is maintained at 200 kPa, and the gas supply flow rate is 2000 Nm 3 / h;

[0073] (3) The side-blown coal gun 6 and the side-blown ore gun 5 use normal-temperature air. The pressure used by a single side-blown coal gun or side-blown ore gun is 100 kPa, and the gas supply flow rate is 800 Nm 3 / h;

[0074] (4) Record the temperature at the side wall of the molten slag and the temperature at the center of the molten slag. The temperature at the center of the molten slag is as high as 1339.5 °C, the temperature at the side wall of the molten slag is 1192 °C, and the temperature difference between the center and the side wall of the molten slag is about 147.5 °C;

[0075] (5) The average Fe3O4 content of the molten slag is 13.7%. The concentration difference of Fe3O4 in the molten slag at the center and the side wall is about 6.5%. The high-temperature viscosity of the molten slag is about 1.35 Pa·s. The temperature difference in the molten layer is small, the content of Fe3O4 in the molten slag is low, and the viscosity of the molten slag is less than 1.5 Pa·s, solving the problems that occurred in Comparative Example 1 and greatly increasing the production efficiency.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] Using the Ausmelt furnace with non-submerged top-side coordinated injection of slag and metal double weirs of the present invention for the smelting of copper sulfide ore, which is achieved through the non-submerged top-side coordinated injection technology. The specific effects are as follows:

[0078] (1) The gauge pressure of the central burner gun 2 is 425 kPa, and the gas supply flow rate is 4000 Nm 3 / h. The central burner gun 2 is 2500 mm above the molten bath horizontal plane;

[0079] (2) The gauge pressure of a single side-blown burner gun 3 is maintained at 250 kPa, and the gas supply flow rate is 2500 Nm 3 / h;

[0080] (3) The side-blown coal gun 6 and the side-blown ore gun 5 use normal-temperature air. The pressure used by a single side-blown coal gun or side-blown ore gun is 150 kPa, and the gas supply flow rate is 1200 Nm 3 / h;

[0081] (4) Record the temperature at the side wall of the molten slag and the temperature at the center of the molten slag. The temperature at the center of the molten slag is as high as 1332.5 °C, the temperature at the side wall of the molten slag is 1201.4 °C, and the temperature difference between the center and the side wall of the molten slag is about 131.1 °C;

[0082] (5) The average Fe3O4 content of the slag is 11.2%, the Fe3O4 concentration difference in the slag at the center and the side wall is about 4.5%, and the high-temperature viscosity of the slag is about 1.13 Pa·s.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] The Ausmelt furnace with double weir mouths of slag and metal for non-submerged top and side co-injection is used for smelting copper sulfide ore, which is realized by the double weir mouth non-submerged top and side co-injection technology. The specific effects are as follows:

[0085] (1) The gauge pressure of the central burner 2 is 450 kPa, the gas supply flow rate is 4500 Nm 3 / h, and the central burner 2 is 2000 mm above the molten pool horizontal plane;

[0086] (2) The gauge pressure of a single side-blown burner 3 is maintained at 300 kPa, and the gas supply flow rate is 3000 Nm 3 / h;

[0087] (3) The side-blown coal gun 6 and the side-blown ore gun 5 use normal-temperature air. The pressure used by a single side-blown coal gun or side-blown ore gun is 200 kPa, and the gas supply flow rate is 1600 Nm 3 / h;

[0088] (4) Record the temperature at the side wall of the slag and the temperature at the center of the slag. The temperature at the center of the slag is as high as 1353.5 °C, the temperature at the side wall of the slag is 1243 °C, and the temperature difference between the center and the side wall of the slag is about 110.5 °C;

[0089] (5) The average Fe3O4 content of the slag is 9.5%, the Fe3O4 concentration difference in the slag at the center and the side wall is about 3.3%, and the high-temperature viscosity of the slag is about 0.85 Pa·s.

[0090] Example 4

[0091] The Ausmelt furnace with double weir mouths of slag and metal for non-submerged top and side co-injection is used for smelting copper sulfide ore, which is realized by the double weir mouth non-submerged top and side co-injection technology. The specific effects are as follows:

[0092] (1) The gauge pressure of the central burner 2 is 450 kPa, the gas supply flow rate is 4500 Nm 3 / h, and the central burner 2 is 3000 mm above the molten pool horizontal plane;

[0093] (2) The gauge pressure of a single side-blown burner 3 is maintained at 200 kPa, and the gas supply flow rate is 2000 Nm 3 / h;

[0094] (3) The side-blown coal lance 6 and the side-blown ore lance 5 use normal-temperature air. The pressure used by a single side-blown coal lance or side-blown ore lance is 100 kPa, and the air supply flow rate is 800 Nm 3 / h;

[0095] (4) Record the temperature at the side wall of the slag and the temperature at the center of the slag. The temperature at the center of the slag is as high as 1342.5 °C, the temperature at the side wall of the slag is 1209 °C, and the temperature difference between the center and the side wall of the slag is about 133.5 °C;

[0096] (5) The average Fe3O4 content of the slag is 12.7%, the Fe3O4 concentration difference in the slag at the center and the side wall is about 4.2%, and the high-temperature viscosity of the slag is about 1.19 Pa·s.

[0097] Example 5

[0098] Use the Ausmelt furnace with non-submerged top and side coordinated injection of slag and metal of the present invention to smelt copper sulfide ore, which is realized by the non-submerged top and side coordinated injection technology. The specific effects are as follows:

[0099] (1) The gauge pressure of the central burner gun 2 is 400 kPa, and the air supply flow rate is 3500 Nm 3 / h, and the central burner gun 2 is 2000 mm above the molten pool horizontal plane;

[0100] (2) The gauge pressure of a single side-blown burner gun 3 is maintained at 300 kPa, and the air supply flow rate is 3000 Nm 3 / h;

[0101] (3) The side-blown coal lance 6 and the side-blown ore lance 5 use normal-temperature air. The pressure used by a single side-blown coal lance or side-blown ore lance is 200 kPa, and the air supply flow rate is 1600 Nm 3 / h;

[0102] (4) Record the temperature at the side wall of the slag and the temperature at the center. The temperature at the center is as high as 1345.5 °C, the temperature at the side wall is 1216 °C, and the temperature difference between the center and the side wall of the slag is about 129 °C;

[0103] (5) The average Fe3O4 content of the slag is 10.2%, the Fe3O4 concentration difference in the slag at the center and the side wall is about 3.8%, and the high-temperature viscosity of the slag is about 0.95 Pa·s.

Claims

1. A copper smelting method for an Ausmelt furnace with a slag-gold double weir opening and non-immersed top-side collaborative injection, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) After the pulverized coal and the raw ore are respectively subjected to grinding and separation processes, they are sprayed into the molten bath through the side blowing coal gun and the side blowing ore gun of the Ausmelt furnace with non-immersed top-side coordinated injection through the slag-metal double weir openings; (2) The hot air is sprayed through the central combustion gun lowered from the top of the Ausmelt furnace with non-immersed top-side coordinated injection through the slag-metal double weir openings to provide heat for the furnace body and the molten bath, and the side blowing combustion gun of the Ausmelt furnace with non-immersed top-side coordinated injection through the slag-metal double weir openings serves as heat supplement; (3) After the reaction ends, the central combustion gun is raised, the temperature distribution of the melt is recorded, the viscosity of the molten slag is detected, and a slag sample is taken for the content analysis of Fe3O4; the working height of the molten bath is 3000 mm to 4000 mm, the temperature difference between the central temperature and the side wall temperature of the molten slag does not exceed 150 °C, the average content of Fe3O4 in the molten slag is not higher than 15%, the concentration difference of Fe3O4 between the central position and the side wall position does not exceed 7%, and the viscosity of the molten slag is less than or equal to 1.5 Pa·s; The Ausmelt furnace with non-immersed top-side coordinated injection through the slag-metal double weir openings includes: a flue, a central combustion gun, a side blowing combustion gun, a slag opening, a side blowing ore gun, a side blowing coal gun, and a siphon weir opening; Inside the furnace, it is divided into a combustion zone and a molten bath from top to bottom. The molten bath is divided into a molten slag layer and a matte layer from top to bottom. A flue is arranged at the upper part of the Ausmelt furnace, and a central combustion gun is arranged at the central position of the top. During operation, the central combustion gun descends to 2000 mm to 3000 mm above the molten bath water level. The double slag openings and the double siphon weir openings are vertically symmetrically distributed on the furnace body, which is beneficial to the uniform dissipation of the heat of the molten bath and avoids the mixing of slag and metal. The side blowing ore gun and the side blowing coal gun have the same specifications and have the function of replacing each other for production.

2. The copper smelting method for an Ausmelt furnace with a slag-gold double weir opening and non-immersed top-side collaborative injection according to claim 1, characterized in that, For the Ausmelt furnace with non-immersed top-side coordinated injection through the slag-metal double weir openings, the double slag openings are arranged at the middle position between the combustion zone and the molten slag layer. The center line of the slag opening is 2500 mm to 3500 mm from the furnace bottom, and the size is a rectangular opening with a side length of 750 mm to 950 mm or a circular hole with a diameter of 650 mm to 850 mm, and they are symmetrically distributed on the furnace body; the blowing inlet of the side blowing combustion gun is located in the combustion zone. The center line of the opening of the side blowing combustion gun on the furnace body is 5000 mm to 6000 mm from the furnace bottom, and the center line of the muzzle of the side blowing combustion gun extending into the furnace body is 1500 mm to 2500 mm from the molten bath water level, and they are symmetrically distributed on the furnace body; the blowing inlet of the side blowing coal gun is located in the molten slag layer. The center line of the opening of the side blowing coal gun on the furnace body is 2500 mm to 3500 mm from the furnace bottom, and the center line of the muzzle of the side blowing coal gun extending into the molten slag layer of the molten bath in the furnace body is 2000 mm to 2500 mm from the furnace bottom, and they are symmetrically distributed on the furnace body; the blowing inlet of the side blowing ore gun is located in the molten slag layer. The center line of the opening of the side blowing ore gun on the furnace body is 2500 mm to 3500 mm from the furnace bottom, and the center line of the muzzle of the side blowing ore gun extending into the molten slag layer of the molten bath in the furnace body is 2000 mm to 2500 mm from the furnace bottom, and they are symmetrically distributed on the furnace body; two siphon weir openings are arranged at both ends of the bottom matte layer. The center line of the siphon weir opening is 500 mm to 700 mm from the furnace bottom, and the size is a rectangular opening with a side length of 750 mm to 950 mm or a circular hole with a diameter of 650 mm to 850 mm.

3. The copper smelting method for an Ausmelt furnace with non-immersed top and side coordinated injection at a slag-gold double weir opening according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the said step (1), the main components and contents of the raw ore are as follows: Cu: 22% - 25%, S: 26% - 31%, Fe: 25% - 30%, SiO2: 5% - 7%, CaO: 1.5% - 3%; the particle size of the ore powder is 1.25 mm - 8 mm, and the particle size of the coal powder is 0.1 mm - 6 mm.

4. A copper smelting method for an Ausmelt furnace with non-immersed top and side co-injection at a slag-gold double weir opening according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step (1), the side-blown coal lance and the side-blown ore lance use normal-temperature air or nitrogen to pressurize and convey pulverized coal and ore powder. The pressure used by a single side-blown coal lance or side-blown ore lance is 100 kPa to 200 kPa, and the air supply flow rate is 800 Nm 3 / h to 1600 Nm 3 / h.

5. A copper smelting method for an Ausmelt furnace with non-immersed top and side co-injection at a slag-gold double weir opening according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step (2), the heat of the hot air is generated by the combustion of heavy oil or natural gas, the surface pressure of the central burner is 400 kPa to 500 kPa, and the air supply flow rate is 3500 Nm 3 / h to 4500 Nm 3 / h.

6. The copper smelting method for an Ausmelt furnace with non-immersed top and side coordinated injection at a slag-metal double weir opening according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step (2), the gauge pressure of a single side-blowing burner is 200 kPa to 300 kPa, and the air supply flow rate is 2000 Nm 3 / h to 3000 Nm 3 / h.

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