Refractory structure

Abstract

The refractory structure according to the present invention comprises: a refractory substrate made of a steel beam and a refractory; a steel fence surrounding the refractory substrate; and the steel belt surrounds the steel fence and tightens the steel fence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fire-resistant structure located between the floor and the ceiling in the form of a column or located in the ceiling in the form of a beam in a building. Background Art

[0002] Generally, fires are classified into general fires, flammable liquid and gas fires, electrical fires, and metal powder fires according to the classification of the burning object. The general fires, flammable liquid and gas fires, and electrical fires are called "hydrocarbon fires" and are caused by the combustion of flammable materials containing hydrocarbons, and the metal powder fires are called "non-hydrocarbon fires" and are caused by the combustion of flammable materials that do not contain hydrocarbons.

[0003] That is, the above-mentioned "hydrocarbon fire" generates smoke and flames during the combustion of paper, wood, synthetic resin, and flammable substances. The above-mentioned "non-hydrocarbon fire" generates smoke and flames during the combustion of flammable metals such as potassium (K), sodium (Na), zirconium (Zr), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), lithium (Li), and titanium (Ti). Hereinafter, in order to simplify the description of the present invention, the present invention will be limited to the "hydrocarbon fire" for description.

[0004] When a fire occurs in the above-mentioned building, the above-mentioned steel beams will not be burned even at a high temperature of about 1000°C. However, when exposed to a temperature of approximately above 600°C for a specified time or longer, the thermal properties of the steel raw materials (elastic coefficient, allowable coefficient, high-temperature creep and thermal expansion coefficient, etc.) will change drastically in the above-mentioned steel beams, causing the internal structures of the building to twist or bend, thereby causing the outer and inner shapes of the building to begin to collapse.

[0005] Therefore, in the UL1709 test of Underwriters Laboratories, the United States stipulates that the allowable temperature of steel beams in the event of a fire in a building is about 500℃~650℃ and makes every effort to provide legal and technical support to ensure life safety and evacuation, prevent the spread of fire to adjacent buildings and ensure structural safety, and ensure the safety of evacuation and firefighting activities. In Korea, Article 50 of the Building Act and Article 2, Paragraph 7 of the Building Act Enforcement Decree stipulate the "legal definition of fire-resistant structure."

[0006] In addition, Article 50 of the Korean Building Act and Article 56 of the Enforcement Decree stipulate that buildings that have fire-resistant structural parts as main structural parts are required. Recently, when a fire occurs in the above-mentioned building, in order to protect the above-mentioned steel beams from the fire, the above-mentioned steel beams are coated with fire-resistant paint as a fire-retardant material for fire prevention. It is necessary to perform the following steps on the steel beams. The fire-resistant coating operation process includes the following steps: surface treatment, pre-coating, thinner addition, first coating, grid setting, drying, repeated re-coating, subsequent coating and topcoat.

[0007] Therefore, the operation process of the above-mentioned refractory coating needs to spend a lot of time and manpower on the steel beam, so it takes a lot of cost to set up the steel beam structure in the building. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention is proposed to solve the existing problems. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fire-resistant structure that meets the UL1709 test conditions of the Underwriters Laboratories of the United States (the average temperature of each cross section of the steel section does not exceed 538°C or the maximum temperature does not exceed 649°C within a fire-resistant time of at least one hour), and when the steel beam is covered with a fire-retardant material for fire prevention, the operation process performed on the steel beam is simplified.

[0009] The refractory structure of the present invention is located between the ground and the ceiling in the form of a column in a building or located on the ceiling in the form of a beam. The present invention is characterized in that it includes: a refractory base material made of a steel beam and a refractory; a steel fence surrounding the refractory base material; and a steel belt surrounding the steel fence and tightening the steel fence. The refractory is expanded graphite surrounding the steel beam. In the column or beam, the steel fence is separated from the refractory base material.

[0010] The steel beam may be in an "H" shape so as to be fixed to the ground among the columns and stand upright from the ground toward the ceiling, or be hung on the ceiling in a horizontal or inclined manner among the beams when viewed with respect to the ground.

[0011] The expanded graphite may maintain a single layer on the steel beam, and when the steel beam is observed from the outside, the expanded graphite has the same particle expansion rate when in contact with flames during a fire inside and outside the steel beam.

[0012] The steel fence may include: a plurality of steel bars located at the corners of a planar polygon when viewed at one end of the refractory substrate; and a steel net surrounding the plurality of steel bars, wherein the other end is fixed to the one end by overlapping the other end at one end.

[0013] The above-mentioned refractory structure may also include a steel connecting substrate. In the above-mentioned ceiling, the above-mentioned steel connecting substrate is located between two refractory substrates or between two steel fences. The first insertion groove and the second insertion groove in one side of the above-mentioned steel connecting substrate accommodate one side of the steel fence and one side of the refractory substrate. The third insertion groove and the fourth insertion groove in the other side of the above-mentioned steel connecting substrate accommodate the other side of the steel fence and the other side of the refractory substrate. The above-mentioned steel connecting substrate, individual steel fences and individual refractory substrates are repeatedly located on the above-mentioned ceiling as a unit.

[0014] The sizes of the first insertion groove and the third insertion groove may be smaller than the sizes of the second insertion groove and the fourth insertion groove.

[0015] The refractory substrate may be formed by compression-molding the expanded graphite and covering the steel beam with the expanded graphite.

[0016] The refractory structure of the present invention is located between the ground and the ceiling in the form of a column in a building. The present invention is characterized in that it includes: a refractory base material made of a steel beam and a refractory; and a steel barrel surrounding the above-mentioned refractory base material, and the above-mentioned refractory material is a refractory coating, inorganic fiber and expanded graphite surrounding the above-mentioned steel beam. In the above-mentioned column, the above-mentioned steel barrel is separated from the above-mentioned refractory base material.

[0017] The steel beam may be in an "H" shape so as to be fixed to the ground among the columns and stand upright from the ground toward the ceiling.

[0018] The fire-resistant coating may include acrylic paint, epoxy paint or inorganic paint applied to the front surface of the steel beam to form a coating film on the front surface.

[0019] The inorganic fiber may be attached to the steel beam through the fire-resistant coating and surround the steel beam, and includes bio-soluable ceramic wool, foil-covered bio-wool or inorganic ceramic paper.

[0020] The expanded graphite may be located around the inorganic fibers. When the steel beam is observed from the outside, the expanded graphite is located in the "H" shape of the steel beam in the form of a plurality of blocks along two grooves. When the expanded graphite comes into contact with flames during a fire, it expands between the inorganic fibers and the steel barrel.

[0021] When the steel beam is viewed from the ceiling, the steel barrel is in a square barrel shape separated from the four corners of the "H" shape of the steel beam.

[0022] The steel drum may have a plurality of vent holes located around the inorganic fibers, and the expanded graphite may be exposed to the outside on a surface facing the H-shaped expanded graphite located in a plurality of blocks along two grooves of the steel beam.

[0023] The steel barrel may be located around the inorganic fiber and have a plurality of shape deformation prevention nodes along the outer peripheral surface of the steel barrel. When the expanded graphite expands in the steel barrel, individual shape deformation prevention nodes prevent the steel barrel from expanding toward the outside of the steel barrel.

[0024] The refractory structure of the present invention is located between the floor and the ceiling of a building in the form of a column and includes a refractory substrate, a steel fence and a steel belt. The refractory substrate contains expanded graphite covering a steel beam, the steel fence is located around the refractory substrate, and the steel belt surrounds the steel fence. Alternatively, the refractory structure is located on the ceiling of a building in the form of a beam and includes a steel connecting component for accommodating the refractory substrate and the steel fence together with the refractory substrate, steel fence and steel belt described above. Therefore, under the UL1709 test conditions of the Underwriters Laboratories of the United States, each cross section of the steel beam maintains a temperature below 300°C during the fire resistance time of one hour. When the steel beam is covered with expanded graphite as a fire-retardant material, the operating procedures performed on the steel beam are simplified compared to the operating procedures of the refractory coating in the prior art.

[0025] Furthermore, the refractory structure of the present invention is a refractory covering a steel beam in a column-like manner between the floor and the ceiling of a building. Even if it has a refractory coating, inorganic fibers, and expanded graphite and includes a steel drum surrounding the refractory, each cross section of the steel beam can maintain a temperature below 400° C. within a fire resistance time of two hours under the UL1709 test conditions of the Underwriters Laboratories of the United States. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a perspective view showing the fire-resistant structure of the first embodiment of the present invention between the floor and the ceiling of a building.

[0027] Figure 2 To show in Figure 1 A perspective view of the refractory substrate and steel fence in a refractory structure.

[0028] Figure 3 To show Figure 2 A top view of a refractory substrate.

[0029] Figure 4 To show Figure 3 A top view of a first variation of a refractory substrate.

[0030] Figure 5 To show Figure 3 A top view of a second variation of the refractory substrate.

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A top view of a third variation of the refractory substrate.

[0032] Figure 7 To show Figure 3 A top view of a fourth variation of a refractory substrate.

[0033] Figure 8 Part (a) shows Figure 2Top view of a steel fence.

[0034] Figure 8 Part (b) shows Figure 8 (a) is a top view of a first variation of a steel fence.

[0035] Figure 8 Part (c) shows Figure 8 (a) is a top view of a second variation of the steel fence.

[0036] Figure 8 Part (d) shows Figure 8 (a) is a top view of a third variation of the steel fence.

[0037] Figure 8 Part (e) shows Figure 8 (a) is a top view of a fourth variation of the steel fence.

[0038] Fig. 9 To show Figure 8 (a) is a top view of a fifth variation of the steel fence.

[0039] Fig.10 It is a perspective view showing a fire-resistant structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention on a ceiling of a building.

[0040] Fig.11 It is a perspective view showing a fire-resistant structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention between the floor and the ceiling of a building.

[0041] Fig.12 To show in Fig.11 A three-dimensional diagram of the steel beams and refractory coating within the refractory substrate in a refractory structure.

[0042] Fig.13 To show in Fig.11 A three-dimensional diagram of the steel beams, refractory coating and inorganic fibers within the refractory substrate of a refractory structure.

[0043] Fig.14 To show in Fig.11 A three-dimensional diagram of the steel beams, refractory coating, inorganic fibers and expanded graphite in the refractory substrate of the refractory structure.

[0044] Fig.15 To show in Fig.11 A three-dimensional view of a steel drum located around a refractory substrate in a refractory structure.

[0045] Fig.16 To show Fig.15 A three-dimensional view of a modified example of a steel drum.

[0046] Fig.17 To show Figure 1 A graph showing the temperature change over time of a fire-resistant structure under the UL1709 test conditions of the American Underwriters Laboratories.

[0047] Fig.18 To show Fig.11 A graph showing the temperature change over time of a fire-resistant structure under the UL1709 test conditions of the American Underwriters Laboratories. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention.

[0049] Reference Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The fire-resistant structure 150 of the first embodiment of the present invention is located between the ground 6 and the ceiling 9 in the building 10 in the form of a column. Figures 1 to 3 In the embodiment, the refractory structure 150 includes: a refractory base material 33, which is made of a steel beam 15 and a refractory 21; a steel fence 101, which surrounds the refractory base material 33; and a steel belt 145, which surrounds the steel fence 101 and tightens the steel fence 101. The refractory 21 is expanded graphite surrounding the steel beam 15. In the following, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the expanded graphite 21 is used to replace the refractory.

[0050] exist Figure 2 In the column of the building, the steel fence 101 is separated from the fire-resistant substrate 33. In more detail, as Figure 2 As shown, the steel beam 15 is in an "H" shape, so as to be fixed to the ground 6 in the column and stand upright from the ground 6 toward the ceiling 9. The steel beam 15 can be in contact with or separated from the ceiling 9. Figure 3 As shown, the expanded graphite 21 maintains a single layer on the steel beam 15, and when the steel beam 15 is observed from the outside, the expanded graphite 21 has the same particle expansion rate when in contact with flames during a fire inside and outside the steel beam 15.

[0051] The particle size of the expanded graphite 21 is 50 mesh, 80 mesh, 100 mesh or 200 mesh, and the particle expansion rate of the expanded graphite 21 is 20 cm 3 / g~400cm 3 / g. Figure 2 and Figure 8As shown in part (a) of , the steel fence 101 includes: a plurality of steel bars 81 (bars), which are located at the corners of a planar polygon when viewed at one end of the refractory substrate 33 ; and a steel mesh 91 (net) which surrounds the plurality of steel bars 81 .

[0052] Among them, considering Figure 2 and Figure 8 In the steel mesh 91, the other end is fixed to one end by overlapping the other end at one end. Figure 8 In part (a), the plurality of steel bars 81 are located at the corners of the plane quadrilateral. Figure 2 As shown, the individual steel rods 81 may be quadrilateral and inserted into and fixed in the grooves 3 of the floor 6 and the grooves (not shown) of the ceiling 9 .

[0053] The steel mesh 91 forms a plane quadrilateral around the plurality of steel bars 81. Therefore, the steel mesh 91 can be inserted and fixed in the groove 3 of the floor 6 and the groove of the ceiling 9. Similarly, Figure 8 (b) a plurality of steel bars 83 or Figure 8 The plurality of steel bars 85 in part (c) are located at the corners of the planar hexagon or the planar octagon. Around the plurality of steel bars 83 or the plurality of steel bars 85, Figure 8 (b) part of the steel mesh 93 or Figure 8 The steel mesh 95 of portion (c) may be formed around a flat hexagon or a flat octagon.

[0054] Differently, Figure 8 Part (d) of Figure 8 The steel fence 107, 109 of the portion (e) may include: a plurality of steel bars 87, 89, which are arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumference of the plane circle when viewed at one end of the refractory substrate 33; and a steel mesh 97, 99, which surrounds the plurality of steel bars 87, 89. In the steel mesh 97, 99, the other end may be fixed to one end by overlapping the other end at one end.

[0055] Specifically, in Figure 8 Part (d) of Figure 8 In the portion (e) of FIG. 1 , the plurality of steel bars 87 and 89 are formed symmetrically from four to eight steel bars along the circumference of the plane circle. Figure 8 Part (d) of Figure 8 In part (e), the steel meshes 97 and 99 surround the plurality of steel bars 87 and 89 in a circle.

[0056] And, in contrast, Fig. 9 In the embodiment, the steel fence 130 may also include: a plurality of steel bars 121, located on the refractory substrate 33 ( Figure 2 or Figure 8) around the periphery; a steel frame 125, which is located between the multiple steel bars 121 at one end and the other end of the individual steel bars 121 and is in contact with the individual steel bars 121; a steel flange 127, which is formed as a whole with the steel frame 125, protrudes from the periphery and fixes the multiple steel bars 121; and a steel mesh 129, which surrounds the multiple steel bars 121.

[0057] The steel fence 130 may also receive the refractory substrate 33 through the through holes 123 of the steel frame 125 and the steel flange 127. In the steel mesh 129, the steel mesh 129 may also be fixed at one end by overlapping the other end at one end. Fig. 9 As shown, the plurality of steel bars 121 may be located at the corners of a plane polygon, or, although not shown, may be formed symmetrically at predetermined intervals along the circumference of a plane circle.

[0058] like Fig. 9 As shown, around the plurality of steel rods 121, the steel mesh 129 may surround the plurality of steel rods 121 at an angle, or although not shown, the steel mesh 129 may also surround the plurality of steel rods 121 in a circle.

[0059] Figure 4 To show Figure 3 A top view of a first variation of a refractory substrate.

[0060] Reference Figure 4 Although the refractory substrate 36 and Figure 3 The refractory substrate 33 is similar to the refractory substrate 33, but the expanded graphite 25 of the refractory substrate 36 may have Figure 3 The expanded graphite 21 of the refractory substrate 33 has a different structure. In detail, when the steel beam 15 is observed from the appearance, the expanded graphite 25 inside and outside the steel beam 15 can be formed of the first expanded graphite 23 and the second expanded graphite 25, respectively, so that the expanded graphite 25 maintains a single layer on the steel beam 15.

[0061] The first expanded graphite 23 and the second expanded graphite 25 may have different particle expansion rates when exposed to flames during a fire. In this case, the refractory substrate 36 may replace Figure 3 33 of refractory substrate.

[0062] Figure 5 To show Figure 3 A top view of a second variation of the refractory substrate.

[0063] Reference Figure 5 Although the above-mentioned refractory substrate 39 and Figure 3 The refractory substrate 33 is similar to the refractory substrate 33, but the expanded graphite 29 of the refractory substrate 39 may have Figure 3The expanded graphite 21 of the refractory substrate 33 has a different structure. In detail, when the steel beam 15 is observed from the appearance, the expanded graphite 29 may be formed by sequentially stacking the first expanded graphite 27 and the second expanded graphite 28 inside and outside the steel beam 15, so that the expanded graphite 29 maintains two layers on the steel beam 15.

[0064] The first expanded graphite 27 and the second expanded graphite 28 may have different particle expansion rates when in contact with flames during a fire. The second expanded graphite 28 may cover the first expanded graphite 27 inside and outside the steel beam 15 or expose the first expanded graphite 27 in at least one of the inside and outside of the steel beam 15. In this case, the refractory substrate 39 may replace Figure 3 33 of refractory substrate.

[0065] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A top view of a third variation of the refractory substrate.

[0066] Reference Figure 6 Although the above-mentioned refractory substrate 55 and Figure 3 The refractory substrate 33 is similar to the refractory substrate 33, but the expanded graphite 50 of the refractory substrate 55 may have Figure 3 The refractory substrate 33 has a different structure than the expanded graphite 21. In this case, the refractory substrate 55 can be replaced by Figure 3 33 of refractory substrate.

[0067] In detail, the expanded graphite 50 may include: a first expanded graphite cover 43, Figure 6 (a)) inside and outside Figure 6 The second expanded graphite cover 46 is inserted into the central area of ​​the steel beam 15 in the manner shown in part (b); Figure 6 (b) portion, inserted into one end of the steel beam 15; and a third expanded graphite cover 49, considering Figure 6 Part (b) is inserted into the other end of the steel beam 15.

[0068] The first expanded graphite cover 43 can receive the steel beam 15 through the guide hole H. In one end of the steel beam 15, the second expanded graphite cover 46 is inserted with a first width W1, and in the other end of the steel beam 15, the third expanded graphite cover 49 is inserted with a second width W2. When the first expanded graphite cover 43 is in contact with flames together with the second expanded graphite cover 46 and the third expanded graphite cover 49 during a fire, the first expanded graphite cover 43 may have the same particle expansion rate as the second expanded graphite cover 46 and the third expanded graphite cover 49 or may have a different particle expansion rate from the second expanded graphite cover 46 and the third expanded graphite cover 49.

[0069] Specifically, the second expanded graphite cover 46 and the third expanded graphite cover 49 may be in contact with the first expanded graphite cover 43, overlap with the first expanded graphite cover 43, or be separated from the first expanded graphite cover 43 at the same level. When separated from the first expanded graphite cover 43, when in contact with flames during a fire, the second expanded graphite cover 46 and the third expanded graphite cover 49 expand toward the first expanded graphite cover 43 and come into contact with the first expanded graphite cover 43.

[0070] Figure 7 To show Figure 3 A top view of a fourth variation of a refractory substrate.

[0071] Reference Figure 7 Although the above-mentioned refractory substrate 75 and Figure 3 Similar to the refractory substrate 33, the expanded graphite 70 of the refractory substrate 75 may also have Figure 3 The refractory substrate 33 of the expanded graphite 21 has a different structure. In this case, the refractory substrate 75 can also be replaced by Figure 3 33 of refractory substrate.

[0072] In detail, the above-mentioned expanded graphite 70 may also include: a first expanded graphite cover 62, which is inserted into a part of the steel beam 15 from one side of the steel beam 15 between one end and the other end of the steel beam 15 in the inside and outside of the steel beam 15; a second expanded graphite cover 64, which is inserted into the remaining part of the steel beam 15 from the other side of the steel beam 15 between one end and the other end of the steel beam 15; a third expanded graphite cover 66, which is inserted into one end of the steel beam 15; and a fourth expanded graphite cover 68, which is inserted into the other end of the steel beam 15.

[0073] The first expanded graphite cover 62 may also be inserted into a portion of the steel beam 15 through the first guide groove G1. The second expanded graphite cover 64 may also be inserted into the remaining portion of the steel beam 15 through the second guide groove G2. When the first expanded graphite cover 62 and the second expanded graphite cover 64 are in contact with the flame together with the third expanded graphite cover 66 and the fourth expanded graphite cover 68 during a fire, the first expanded graphite cover 62 and the second expanded graphite cover 64 may also have the same particle expansion rate as the third expanded graphite cover 66 and the fourth expanded graphite cover 68 or may have a different particle expansion rate from the third expanded graphite cover 66 and the fourth expanded graphite cover 68.

[0074] Specifically, the third expanded graphite cover 66 and the fourth expanded graphite cover 68 may also be in contact with the first expanded graphite cover 62 and the second expanded graphite cover 64 at the same level, overlap with the first expanded graphite cover 62 and the second expanded graphite cover 64, or be separated from the first expanded graphite cover 62 and the second expanded graphite cover 64. When the third expanded graphite cover 66 and the fourth expanded graphite cover 68 are in contact with the third expanded graphite cover 66 and the fourth expanded graphite cover 68, overlap with the third expanded graphite cover 66 and the fourth expanded graphite cover 68, or are separated from the first expanded graphite cover 62 and the second expanded graphite cover 64 at the same level, when they come into contact with flames during a fire, the third expanded graphite cover 66 and the fourth expanded graphite cover 68 expand toward the first expanded graphite cover 62 and the second expanded graphite cover 64 and come into contact with the first expanded graphite cover 62 and the second expanded graphite cover 64.

[0075] Fig.10 FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a fire-resistant structure of a second embodiment of the present invention in a ceiling of a building. Figures 1 to 3 , will be Fig.10 Provide explanation.

[0076] Reference Fig.10 The refractory structure 180 may have Figure 1 The refractory structure 150 may be similar to the refractory structure 150, or the refractory structure 180 may be located in the ceiling in the form of a beam. For this purpose, the refractory structure 180 may further include a steel connecting substrate 170 between two refractory substrates 33 or two steel fences 101 in the ceiling. Although not shown in the figure, when viewed with the bottom surface of the ceiling as a reference, the steel beam 15 of the refractory structure 180 may be hung on the ceiling in a horizontal or inclined manner.

[0077] In more detail, in the above-mentioned refractory structure 180, on one side of the steel connecting substrate 170, the first insertion groove 164 and the second insertion groove 168 can accommodate one side of the refractory substrate 33 and one side of the steel fence 101, and on the other side of the steel connecting substrate 170, the third insertion groove 164 and the fourth insertion groove 168 can accommodate the other side of the refractory substrate 33 and the other side of the steel fence 101.

[0078] The steel connection substrate 170 , the individual steel fences 101 and the individual fireproof substrates 33 may be repeatedly positioned on the ceiling as a unit. The size of the first insertion groove 164 and the third insertion groove 164 may be smaller than the size of the second insertion groove 168 and the fourth insertion groove 168 .

[0079] Fig.17 To show Figure 1 The temperature of the fire-resistant structure changes with time under the UL1709 test conditions of the American Underwriters Laboratories. Figures 1 to 3 , will be Fig.17 Provide explanation.

[0080] Reference Fig.17 , in the present invention Figure 1 In the refractory structure 150, the refractory substrate 33 is formed by forming the expanded graphite 21 ( Figure 3 ) is compressed and the steel beam 15 is covered with the expanded graphite 21. In addition, the refractory substrate 33 further includes a binder (not shown) mixed with the expanded graphite 21. The expanded graphite 21 and the binder can also be mixed and the steel beam 15 can be covered with the expanded graphite 21 and the binder. Figure 3 ) is created.

[0081] The expanded graphite 21 may contain 90 to 100 parts by weight and the binder may contain 20 to 30 parts by weight. When the expanded graphite 21 is less than 90 parts by weight and the binder is greater than 30 parts by weight, the expanded graphite 21 may flow down from the steel beam 15 due to the large amount of the binder. When the expanded graphite 21 is greater than 100 parts by weight and the binder is less than 20 parts by weight, the expanded graphite 21 may not adhere to the steel beam 15 due to the small amount of the binder. The binder may contain polyurethane resin or epoxy resin.

[0082] Similarly, the refractory substrate 33 may also include a binder and a curing agent (not shown) mixed with the expanded graphite 21, or may be formed by mixing the expanded graphite 21, the binder and the curing agent and covering the steel beam 15 with the expanded graphite 21, the binder and the curing agent. The expanded graphite 21 may contain 90 to 100 parts by weight, the binder may contain 30 to 50 parts by weight, and the curing agent may contain 3 to 10 parts by weight.

[0083] When the expanded graphite 21 is less than 90 parts by weight, the binder is greater than 50 parts by weight, and the curing agent is greater than 10 parts by weight, the expanded graphite 21 on the steel beam 15 may be partially quickly cured and irregularly covered on the steel beam 15 during operation. When the expanded graphite 21 is greater than 100 parts by weight, the binder is less than 30 parts by weight, and the curing agent is less than 3 parts by weight, it may take a long time to cure the expanded graphite 21 on the steel beam 15. The binder comprises one of a polyol or a compound containing a dihydroxyl or trihydroxyl (2-OH or 3-OH). The curing agent comprises a compound containing a diisocyanate or a triisocyanate (2-NCO or 3-NCO).

[0084] On the other hand, the refractory structure 150 is inserted into a heating furnace (not shown) together with a plurality of sensors (not shown) and heated in the heating furnace at a temperature range of 1000°C to 1200°C. The plurality of sensors are installed in a plurality of holes formed in the refractory base material 33. The plurality of sensors display the refractory characteristics of the refractory structure 150 on the monitor of the heating furnace. Fig.17 Graph of the curve.

[0085] According to the above curve, the refractory structure 150 maintains a temperature of less than 300°C in each cross section of the steel beam during the fire resistance time of one hour. Therefore, the refractory structure 150 meets the UL1709 test conditions of the Underwriters Laboratories of the United States (= the average temperature of each cross section of the steel section does not exceed 538°C or the maximum temperature does not exceed 649°C during the fire resistance time of at least one hour). Different from this, the refractory base material 33 further includes a binder, a curing agent and a catalyst (not shown) mixed with the expanded graphite 21, and can also be formed by mixing the expanded graphite 21, the binder, the curing agent and the catalyst and covering the steel beam 15 with the expanded graphite 21, the binder, the curing agent and the catalyst.

[0086] The expanded graphite 21 may contain 90 to 100 parts by weight of the expanded graphite 21, 30 to 50 parts by weight of the binder, 3 to 10 parts by weight of the curing agent, and 0.03 to 2.0 parts by weight of the catalyst. When the expanded graphite 21 is less than 90 parts by weight, the binder is greater than 50 parts by weight, the curing agent is greater than 10 parts by weight, and the catalyst is greater than 2.0 parts by weight, the expanded graphite 21 on the steel beam 15 may partially solidify suddenly and cover the steel beam 15 very irregularly during operation.

[0087] When the expanded graphite 21 is greater than 100 parts by weight, the binder is less than 30 parts by weight, the curing agent is less than 3 parts by weight, and the catalyst is less than 0.03 parts by weight, it may take a long time to cure the expanded graphite 21 on the steel beam 15. The binder includes one of a polyol or a compound containing a dihydroxyl or trihydroxyl group, the curing agent includes a compound containing a diisocyanate or a triisocyanate, and the catalyst includes one of a tertiary amine and an organic metal.

[0088] Fig.11 1 is a perspective view showing a fire-resistant structure of a third embodiment of the present invention between the floor and the ceiling of a building. Fig.12 To show in Fig.11 A three-dimensional diagram of the steel beams and refractory coating within the refractory substrate in a refractory structure.

[0089] Fig.13 To show in Fig.11A three-dimensional diagram of the steel beams, refractory coatings and inorganic fibers in the refractory substrate of the refractory structure. Fig.14 To show in Fig.11 A three-dimensional diagram of the steel beams, refractory coating, inorganic fibers and expanded graphite in the refractory substrate of the refractory structure.

[0090] Fig.15 To show in Fig.11 A three-dimensional view of a steel drum located around a refractory substrate in a refractory structure. Fig.16 To show Fig.15 A three-dimensional view of a modified example of a steel drum.

[0091] and, Fig.18 To show Fig.11 A graph showing the temperature change over time of a fire-resistant structure under the UL1709 test conditions of the American Underwriters Laboratories.

[0092] Reference Figures 11 to 16 as well as Fig.18 The refractory structure 260 has Figure 1 The refractory structure 150 is similar to the structure of the refractory structure 150. When briefly inspected, Fig.11 As shown, the refractory structure 260 includes: a refractory substrate 238, which is made of a steel beam 15 and a refractory 234; and a steel drum 254, which surrounds the refractory substrate 238, so that the refractory structure 260 is located between the ground 6 and the ceiling 9 in the form of a column in the building 10. The refractory 234 is a refractory coating 200, an inorganic fiber 210, and expanded graphite 230 surrounding the steel beam 15. In the column, the steel drum 254 is separated from the refractory substrate 238.

[0093] In more detail, Fig.12 As shown, the steel beam 15 is in an "H" shape, fixed to the ground 6 in the column and standing upright from the ground 6 toward the ceiling 9. Fig.12 As shown, the fire-resistant coating 200 includes acrylic paint, epoxy paint or inorganic paint applied to the front surface of the steel beam 15 to form a coating film on the front surface. Fig.13 As shown, the inorganic fiber 210 is attached to the steel beam 15 through the fire-resistant coating 200 and surrounds the steel beam 15, which includes bio-soluable ceramic wool, foil-covered bio-wool or inorganic fiber paper.

[0094] like Fig.14As shown, the expanded graphite 230 is located around the inorganic fiber 210. When the steel beam 15 is observed from the appearance, the expanded graphite 230 is located in the "H" shape of the steel beam 15 in the form of multiple blocks along the two grooves. When the expanded graphite 230 contacts the flame during a fire, the expanded graphite 230 expands between the inorganic fiber 210 and the steel drum 254. In this case, the expanded graphite 230 is formed into multiple blocks by pressure or by a binder. When the expanded graphite 230 expands between the inorganic fiber 210 and the steel drum 254, the expanded graphite 230 fills all the spaces between the inorganic fiber 210 and the steel drum 254. The expanded graphite 230 may be attached to the inorganic fiber 210 by a binder.

[0095] Different from this, between the inorganic fiber 210 and the steel drum 254, the expanded graphite 230 can be placed in the form of powder on the ground of the building before the fire occurs, so as to fill part of the space between the inorganic fiber 210 and the steel drum 254. When the expanded graphite 230 comes into contact with the flame during the fire, it expands in the space between the inorganic fiber 210 and the steel drum 254 and fills all the space between the inorganic fiber 210 and the steel drum 254. Different from this, the expanded graphite 230 can be sealed in a plastic bag (not shown) in a powder form and composed of a plurality of blocks. In each block, the plastic bag attaches the expanded graphite 230 to the inorganic fiber 210 in a block shape through an adhesive.

[0096] Considering Fig.11 and Fig.15 When the steel beam 15 is viewed from the ceiling 9, the steel barrel 254 is in the shape of a square barrel separated from the four corners of the "H" shape of the steel beam 15. Fig.15 As shown, the steel barrel 254 has a plurality of vent holes 244, which are located around the inorganic fibers 210, and the expanded graphite 230 is exposed to the outside in the surface facing the "H"-shaped expanded graphite 230 located in the steel beam 15 in the form of a plurality of blocks along the two grooves.

[0097] On the other hand, as a modified example, Fig.16 The steel drum 258 can replace the steel drum 254. The steel drum 258 has the same Fig.15 However, the steel barrel 258 is located around the inorganic fiber 210 and has a plurality of shape deformation prevention nodes 248 along the outer peripheral surface of the steel barrel 258 in the direction of arrow F. When the expanded graphite 230 expands in the steel barrel 258, the individual shape deformation prevention nodes 248 prevent the steel barrel 258 from expanding toward the outside of the steel barrel 258.

[0098] On the other hand, the refractory structure 260 is inserted into a heating furnace (not shown) together with a plurality of sensors (not shown) and heated in the heating furnace at a temperature range of 1000°C to 1200°C. The plurality of sensors are installed in a plurality of holes formed in the refractory base material 238. Furthermore, the plurality of sensors display the refractory characteristics of the refractory structure 260 on the monitor of the heating furnace. Fig.18 According to the above graph, the fire-resistant structure 260 maintains a temperature of less than 400°C in each section of the steel beam 15 during the two-hour fire-resistant time. Therefore, the fire-resistant structure 260 meets the UL1709 test conditions of the Underwriters Laboratories of the United States (= the average temperature of each section of the steel section does not exceed 538°C or the maximum temperature does not exceed 649°C during the fire-resistant time of at least one hour).

Claims

1. A fire-resistant structure located between the floor and the ceiling in the form of a column or located on the ceiling in the form of a beam in a building, characterized in that: include: Refractory base material, made of steel beams and refractory; a steel fence surrounding said refractory substrate; and Steel straps, surrounding and tightening said steel fence, The refractory material is expanded graphite surrounding the steel beam. In the column or beam, the steel fence is separated from the refractory substrate.

2. The refractory structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel beam is in an "H" shape, fixed to the ground among the columns and standing upright from the ground toward the ceiling, or hung on the ceiling in a horizontal or inclined manner among the beams when viewed with the ground as a reference.

3. The refractory structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The expanded graphite maintains a single layer on the steel beam, and when the steel beam is observed from the outside, the expanded graphite has the same particle expansion rate when in contact with flames during a fire inside and outside the steel beam.

4. The refractory structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The above steel fence includes: a plurality of steel rods located at the corners of the planar polygon when viewed at one end of the refractory substrate; and A steel mesh, surrounding the plurality of steel bars, In the steel mesh, the other end is fixed to the one end by overlapping the other end at one end.

5. The refractory structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a steel connecting substrate. In the ceiling, the steel connecting substrate is located between two fire-resistant substrates or between two steel fences. The first insertion groove and the second insertion groove in one side of the steel connection substrate receive a steel fence on one side and a refractory substrate on one side. The third insertion groove and the fourth insertion groove in the other side of the steel connection substrate receive the other side steel fence and the other side refractory substrate, The steel connecting substrate, individual steel fences and individual fire-resistant substrates are repeatedly located on the ceiling as a unit.

6. The refractory structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sizes of the first insertion groove and the third insertion groove are smaller than the sizes of the second insertion groove and the fourth insertion groove.

7. The refractory structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The refractory substrate is formed by compression-molding the expanded graphite and covering the steel beam with the expanded graphite.

8. A fire-resistant structure in the form of a column located between the ground and the ceiling in a building, characterized in that: include: Refractory substrate, made of steel beams and refractory; and Steel drum, surrounding the above refractory substrate, The refractory material is a refractory coating, inorganic fiber and expanded graphite surrounding the steel beam. In the column, the steel drum is separated from the refractory substrate.

9. The refractory structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steel beam is in an "H" shape so as to be fixed to the ground among the columns and stand upright from the ground toward the ceiling.

10. The refractory structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fire-resistant coating includes acrylic paint, epoxy paint or inorganic paint which is applied to the front surface of the steel beam to form a coating film on the front surface.

11. The refractory structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inorganic fiber is attached to the steel beam through the fire-resistant coating and surrounds the steel beam, and includes bio-fiber cotton, foil-covered bio-wool or inorganic fiber paper.

12. The refractory structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The expanded graphite is located around the inorganic fibers. When the steel beam is observed from the outside, the expanded graphite is located in the "H" shape of the steel beam in the form of a plurality of blocks along two grooves. When the expanded graphite comes into contact with flames during a fire, it expands between the inorganic fibers and the steel barrel.

13. The refractory structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the steel beam is viewed from the ceiling, the steel barrel is in a square barrel shape separated from the four corners of the "H" shape of the steel beam.

14. The refractory structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steel drum has a plurality of vents located around the inorganic fibers, and the expanded graphite is exposed to the outside on a surface facing the H-shaped expanded graphite located in a plurality of blocks along two grooves of the steel beam.

15. The refractory structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steel barrel is located around the inorganic fiber, and has a plurality of shape deformation prevention nodes along the outer peripheral surface of the steel barrel. When the expanded graphite expands in the steel drum, the individual shape deformation preventing nodes prevent the steel drum from expanding toward the outside of the steel drum.

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