Ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall mounting method based on BIM (Building Information Modeling) cooperative positioning

Abstract

The invention discloses an ellipsoid curved glass curtain wall installation method based on BIM cooperative positioning. The ellipsoid curved glass curtain wall installation method comprises the five steps of building a BIM model, determining control points, conducting field measurement and positioning, installing curtain wall units and conducting cooperative positioning adjustment. Ellipsoid parameters and glass unit sizes are determined through a BI model, key control points are selected, field measurement is carried out, actual and theoretical coordinates are compared, installation is started from the center of the bottom, the position is monitored and adjusted in real time, and precision is ensured. According to the method, efficient and accurate installation of the ellipsoid curved glass curtain wall can be achieved, and the construction efficiency and the engineering quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of building construction, and in particular to an ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall installation method based on BIM collaborative positioning. Background Art

[0002] In the field of building construction, especially for glass curtain walls with complex curved shapes, such as ellipsoidal curved glass curtain walls, the installation accuracy requirements are extremely high. Traditional installation methods rely on manual measurement and empirical judgment, which is not only inefficient, but also difficult to ensure the accuracy of installation and the overall beauty of the curtain wall. Existing technologies usually use simple two-dimensional drawings and on-site manual measurements. This method has obvious limitations when dealing with complex curved surfaces and is difficult to achieve accurate three-dimensional spatial positioning. In addition, due to the lack of real-time monitoring and adjustment mechanisms, once the installation deviates, it is difficult to correct it in time, which may lead to delays and increased costs for the entire curtain wall installation project.

[0003] In the process of implementing the embodiments of the present invention, the inventors found that there are at least the following problems or defects in the prior art: unscientific selection of control points, inaccurate measurement and positioning, lack of real-time monitoring and adjustment of the installation process, and inability to effectively respond to the installation requirements of complex curved surfaces. These problems limit the improvement of construction quality and efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiment of the present invention aims to provide an ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall installation method based on BIM collaborative positioning to solve the technical problems raised in the prior art.

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solution:

[0006] Provided is a method for installing an ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall based on BIM collaborative positioning, comprising:

[0007] Establish BIM model: According to the design drawings of the ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall, determine the length of the major axis a, the length of the minor axis b, the coordinates of the center in the three-dimensional coordinate system (x0, y0, z0), and the shape and size parameters of the glass curtain wall unit, and construct a three-dimensional BIM model;

[0008] Determine the control points: On the ellipsoidal surface of the BIM model, select the key control points for positioning according to the specific spatial distribution law. Suppose the total number of control points is n, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the i-th control point in the BIM model are (x i ,y i ,z i ), whose coordinates are determined by the following formula:

[0009] x i =x0+a·cos u i·cos v i

[0010] y i =y0+b·cos u i ·sin v i

[0011] z i =z0+a·sin u i

[0012] Among them, u i and v i is the parameter variable, u i The value range is [0,2π], v i The value range is By changing u i and v i The value of determines the control points at different positions. These control points should be able to fully and effectively reflect the shape characteristics of the ellipsoid surface for subsequent precise positioning;

[0013] On-site measurement and positioning: At the construction site, based on the selected control points, use a high-precision total station, take the benchmark control points at the construction site as the measurement starting point, and measure the three-dimensional coordinates (x′ i ,y′ i ,z′ i ), and conduct a one-to-one comparison analysis between the actual coordinates obtained by measurement and the theoretical coordinates in the BIM model;

[0014] Installation of curtain wall units: First, determine the installation starting position of the glass curtain wall unit, generally starting from the bottom center of the ellipsoid, and install the glass curtain wall units piece by piece to the designated position in a specific installation sequence, such as in a spiral rise or symmetrical diffusion manner. During the installation process, perform a rough installation based on the measurement and positioning information to ensure that the curtain wall unit is roughly near the designed position;

[0015] Co-positioning adjustment: Use the co-positioning algorithm to monitor and accurately adjust the position of the curtain wall unit during the installation process in real time to ensure that the installation accuracy meets the design requirements. The specific co-positioning algorithm is as follows:

[0016] Data collection: During the installation of curtain wall units, a data collection system is set up to collect the actual position coordinate data (x a ,y a ,z a ) and the corresponding theoretical position coordinates in the BIM model (x t ,y t ,z t );

[0017] Deviation calculation: For each installed curtain wall unit, calculate the deviation between its actual position and theoretical position in the three coordinate axis directions (Δx, Δy, Δz);

[0018] Determination of adjustment amount: According to the calculated deviation value and the preset adjustment rules based on the mechanical properties, structural stability and installation process requirements of the curtain wall, the adjustment amount (δx, δy, δz) of each curtain wall unit in the three coordinate axis directions is determined;

[0019] Adjustment implementation: Based on the determined adjustment amount, use professional adjustment tools, such as high-precision jacks, adjustable bolts, etc., to accurately translate, rotate or lift the curtain wall unit, so that the actual position of the curtain wall unit gradually approaches the theoretical position. During the adjustment process, continuously monitor the adjustment effect to avoid excessive adjustment.

[0020] Furthermore, in the step of establishing the BIM model, the size parameters of the glass curtain wall unit include length l, width w, thickness d and curvature parameter r of the glass, and these parameters are used to accurately construct the geometric shape of the curtain wall unit in the BIM model so as to accurately match the overall ellipsoidal surface.

[0021] Furthermore, in the step of determining the control points, the control points are distributed on the ellipsoid surface at equal angles in the longitude direction and according to a specific trigonometric function rule in the latitude direction, so as to ensure that the control points can evenly cover the ellipsoid surface and have sufficient control point density in the key curvature change area.

[0022] Furthermore, in the on-site measurement and positioning step, the total station needs to be accurately calibrated before measurement. The calibration parameters include horizontality, verticality, ranging accuracy, etc. During measurement, the method of taking the average value of multiple measurements is adopted to reduce measurement errors and ensure the accuracy of actual coordinate measurement.

[0023] Furthermore, in the step of installing the curtain wall unit, a temporary fixing device is used to pre-fix the curtain wall unit when the curtain wall unit is initially installed. The temporary fixing device should be adjustable so as to facilitate the loosening and re-fixing of the curtain wall unit during the subsequent coordinated positioning adjustment process.

[0024] Furthermore, the data acquisition system in the collaborative positioning adjustment step includes a variety of sensors such as a high-precision laser rangefinder and an inclination sensor, which are used to obtain the position information of the curtain wall unit from different angles and dimensions. After data acquisition, the data is transmitted to the data processing center in real time through a wireless transmission module.

[0025] Furthermore, in the deviation calculation step in the collaborative positioning adjustment step, the calculation formula of the deviation value (Δx, Δy, Δz) is:

[0026] Δx=x a -x t

[0027] Δy=y a -y t

[0028] Δz=z a -z t

[0029] Among them, x a ,y a ,z a Respectively represent the actual measured coordinate values ​​of the installed curtain wall unit in the x, y, and z axis directions. t ,y t ,z t They respectively represent the theoretical coordinate values ​​of the corresponding curtain wall units in the BIM model.

[0030] Furthermore, in the adjustment amount determination step in the collaborative positioning adjustment step, the adjustment amount and the deviation value satisfy the following relationship:

[0031] δx=k1·Δx+k2·Δy+k3·Δz

[0032] δy=k4·Δx+k5·Δy+k6·Δz

[0033] δz=k7·Δx+k8·Δy+k9·Δz

[0034] Among them, k1-k9 are adjustment coefficients, which are determined based on a variety of actual engineering factors such as the elastic modulus E of the material used in the curtain wall, the structural connection method (such as the specifications and number of bolt connections), the construction environment temperature T and humidity H, etc., through a large number of simulation tests, field tests and fitting of previous engineering experience data to ensure that the adjustment amount can effectively correct the deviation without causing damage to the curtain wall structure or affecting its stability.

[0035] Furthermore, in the adjustment implementation step of the collaborative positioning adjustment step, when using a jack for translational adjustment, the lifting force F of the jack needs to be accurately calculated based on the weight G of the curtain wall unit, the friction force f and the adjustment direction to ensure that the curtain wall unit moves smoothly during the adjustment process and does not generate additional stress concentration. The calculation formula is F=G×μ+f (where μ is the friction coefficient, which is related to the contact material between the curtain wall unit and the supporting structure).

[0036] Furthermore, during the entire installation process, the quality of the installed curtain wall units is regularly inspected. The inspection frequency is once after each layer or a certain number of curtain wall units are installed. The inspection content includes the flatness error of the curtain wall∈ p , Sealing index such as airtightness coefficient Cg , Watertight grade W r And the connection strength indicators with the surrounding structure, such as the preload of the connecting bolts x p ,If the detection fails, the relevant parameters in the ,co-location algorithm are readjusted based on the detection results, and the ,co-location adjustment steps are performed again until all the quality detection ,indicators are qualified.

[0037] The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects: the installation method of ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall based on BIM collaborative positioning can improve the accuracy and efficiency of construction. By establishing a detailed BIM model and accurately positioning the control points, the method can ensure that the installation position of the glass curtain wall unit is highly consistent with the design drawings, reducing rework and delays caused by human errors. In addition, the method can correct deviations in time during the installation process through a real-time monitoring and adjustment mechanism, ensuring that each curtain wall unit can be accurately installed to the predetermined position, thereby improving the installation quality of the entire curtain wall and the consistency of the appearance.

[0038] In addition, this method can achieve real-time monitoring and precise adjustment of the position of curtain wall units through collaborative positioning algorithms and data collection of multiple sensors, which can not only improve the safety of construction, but also enhance the stability and durability of the curtain wall structure. This method can effectively reduce material waste and construction costs, shorten the project cycle, and bring both economic and time benefits to owners and construction parties. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by the figures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplifications do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, and unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of an ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall installation method based on BIM collaborative positioning provided in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "connecting" another element, it can be directly on another element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "upper end", "lower end", "top" and "bottom" used in this specification is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0043] Combine the following Figure 1 , the ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall installation method 100 based on BIM collaborative positioning provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail through a specific embodiment.

[0044] Figure 1 The figure is a flow chart of the ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall installation method based on BIM collaborative positioning provided by the present invention. The ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall installation method based on BIM collaborative positioning provided by one embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0045] Step 101, establishing a BIM model: according to the design drawing of the ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall, determine the length a of the major axis of the ellipsoid, the length b of the minor axis, the coordinates (x0, y0, z0) of the center in the three-dimensional coordinate system, and the shape and size parameters of the glass curtain wall unit, and construct a three-dimensional BIM model;

[0046] Step 101, determine the control points: on the ellipsoidal surface of the BIM model, select the key control points for positioning according to a specific spatial distribution law. Suppose the total number of control points is n, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the i-th control point in the BIM model are (x i ,y i ,z i ), whose coordinates are determined by the following formula:

[0047] x i =x0+a·cos u i ·cos v i

[0048] y i =y0+b·cos u i ·sin v i

[0049] z i =z0+a·sin u i

[0050] Among them, u i and v i is the parameter variable, u i The value range is [0,2π], v i The value range is By changing u i and v i The value of determines the control points at different positions. These control points should be able to fully and effectively reflect the shape characteristics of the ellipsoid surface for subsequent precise positioning;

[0051] Step 101, on-site measurement and positioning: At the construction site, based on the selected control points, use a high-precision total station, take the reference control point of the construction site as the measurement starting point, and measure the three-dimensional coordinates (x′ i ,y′ i ,z′ i ), and conduct a one-to-one comparison analysis between the actual coordinates obtained by measurement and the theoretical coordinates in the BIM model;

[0052] Step 102, installing the curtain wall unit: first determine the installation starting position of the glass curtain wall unit, generally starting from the bottom center of the ellipsoid, and install the glass curtain wall unit piece by piece to the designated position in a specific installation sequence, such as in a spiral ascending or symmetrical diffusion manner. During the installation process, perform a rough installation based on the measurement positioning information to ensure that the curtain wall unit is roughly located near the designed position;

[0053] Step 103, collaborative positioning adjustment: Use the collaborative positioning algorithm to monitor and accurately adjust the position of the curtain wall unit during the installation process in real time to ensure that the installation accuracy meets the design requirements. The specific collaborative positioning algorithm is as follows:

[0054] Step 104, data collection: During the curtain wall unit installation process, a data collection system is set up to collect the actual position coordinate data (x a ,y a ,z a ) and the corresponding theoretical position coordinates in the BIM model (x t ,y t ,z t );

[0055] Step 105, deviation calculation: for each installed curtain wall unit, calculate the deviation value (Δx, Δy, Δz) between its actual position and theoretical position in the three coordinate axis directions;

[0056] Step 106, determining the adjustment amount: determining the adjustment amount (δx, δy, δz) of each curtain wall unit in the three coordinate axis directions according to the calculated deviation value and the preset adjustment rules based on the mechanical properties, structural stability and installation process requirements of the curtain wall;

[0057] Step 107, adjustment implementation: Based on the determined adjustment amount, use professional adjustment tools, such as high-precision jacks, adjustable bolts, etc., to accurately translate, rotate or lift the curtain wall unit so that the actual position of the curtain wall unit gradually approaches the theoretical position. During the adjustment process, continuously monitor the adjustment effect to avoid excessive adjustment.

[0058] It should be noted that the present embodiment relates to an installation method of an ellipsoid curved glass curtain wall based on BIM collaborative positioning, wherein BIM (Building Information Modeling) refers to a building information model, which is an integrated digital model used to provide information throughout the life cycle of a construction project. In this method, it is first necessary to determine the length of the major semi-axis a, the length of the minor semi-axis b, the coordinates of the center in the three-dimensional coordinate system (x0, y0, z0), and the shape and size parameters of the glass curtain wall unit according to the design drawings of the ellipsoid curved glass curtain wall, and construct a three-dimensional BIM model.

[0059] Specifically, in the process of establishing the BIM model, the geometric shape and size of the ellipsoid curved glass curtain wall need to be accurately described digitally. This includes determining the major semi-axis a and minor semi-axis b of the ellipsoid, which define the size of the ellipsoid in the two main axis directions. At the same time, the coordinates of the center of the ellipsoid in the three-dimensional coordinate system (x0, y0, z0) need to be determined, which provides a reference point for the subsequent control point positioning.

[0060] More specifically, the size parameters of the glass curtain wall unit include length L, width W, thickness T and curvature parameter R of the glass, which are used to accurately construct the geometric shape of the curtain wall unit in the BIM model so as to accurately match the overall ellipsoid surface.

[0061] Preferably, in the process of determining the control points, the distribution pattern of the control points on the ellipsoid surface is to be distributed at equal angles in the longitude direction (corresponding to the change of θ), and to be distributed according to a specific trigonometric function pattern in the latitude direction (corresponding to the change of φ). This ensures that the control points can evenly cover the ellipsoid surface and have sufficient control point density in the key curvature change area. When setting the specific parameters, the value range of θ is [0,2π], and the value range of φ is [-π / 2,π / 2]. By changing the values ​​of θ and φ, the control points at different positions are determined. These control points should comprehensively and effectively reflect the shape characteristics of the ellipsoid surface for subsequent precise positioning. For example, equally spaced θ values ​​and φ values ​​designed according to the change of the curvature of the ellipsoid can be used to ensure that the distribution of the control points is both uniform and focuses on covering areas with large curvature changes.

[0062] In some embodiments, in the step of establishing the BIM model, the size parameters of the glass curtain wall unit include length l, width w, thickness d and curvature parameter r of the glass, and these parameters are used to accurately construct the geometric shape of the curtain wall unit in the BIM model so as to accurately match the overall ellipsoid surface.

[0063] It should be noted that this embodiment describes in detail the size parameters of the glass curtain wall unit including the length L, width W, thickness T and the curvature parameter R of the glass in the process of establishing the BIM model. These parameters are indispensable when building the BIM model because they ensure that the curtain wall unit in the model can accurately reflect the actual physical properties so as to accurately match the overall ellipsoid surface. Here, the BIM model refers to a digital representation of all the physical and functional characteristics of the building project, which allows the project team to carry out detailed planning and coordination before construction.

[0064] Specifically, the dimensional parameters of the glass curtain wall unit are key inputs when building the BIM model. The length L refers to the dimension of the curtain wall unit along the longest direction of the ellipsoid surface, the width W is the dimension perpendicular to the length, the thickness T is the distance from the surface to the back of the curtain wall unit, and the curvature parameter R describes the curvature of the glass unit, which is crucial to ensure that the glass unit can fit the ellipsoid surface.

[0065] More specifically, when setting these parameters, they need to be determined based on the actual glass manufacturing capabilities and installation requirements. For example, the length L and width W can be set based on the maximum manufacturing size and transportation restrictions of the glass, the thickness T is related to the strength and safety requirements of the glass, and the curvature parameter R needs to be obtained through precise measurement or calculation to ensure that the glass unit can perfectly fit the ellipsoidal surface.

[0066] Preferably, in order to further improve the accuracy of the model, a nonlinear optimization algorithm may be used to determine the optimal curvature parameter R. This method can calculate the most suitable curvature value while taking into account the elasticity of the glass material and the possible deformation during the construction process.

[0067] Furthermore, 3D scanning technology can be used to obtain the actual dimensions of the existing glass units, and then the parameters in the BIM model can be adjusted based on these data to ensure that the model is as consistent as possible with the actual situation. This can not only improve the accuracy of installation, but also reduce material waste and adjustment work during construction.

[0068] In some embodiments, in the step of determining the control points, the distribution pattern of the control points on the ellipsoid surface is as follows: i Change) is distributed at equal angles, in the latitude direction (corresponding to v i Changes) are distributed according to specific trigonometric functions to ensure that the control points can evenly cover the ellipsoid surface and have sufficient control point density in the key curvature change area.

[0069] It should be noted that the present embodiment elaborates on the distribution law of the control points on the ellipsoid surface, that is, they are distributed at equal angles in the longitude direction (corresponding to the change of θ), and are distributed in the latitude direction (corresponding to the change of φ) according to a specific trigonometric function law. The longitude and latitude directions here are borrowed from the concept of the geographic coordinate system to describe the position on the ellipsoid surface. θ represents the angle in the longitude direction, and φ represents the angle in the latitude direction. Through this distribution law, it can be ensured that the control points evenly cover the ellipsoid surface, and at the same time, there is sufficient control point density in the key curvature change area.

[0070] Specifically, the distribution law of control points involves how to scientifically arrange control points on the ellipsoid surface. In the longitude direction, the control points are distributed at equal angles, which means that a control point is set every fixed angle θ. In the latitude direction, the distribution of control points is based on specific trigonometric functions, which is usually to ensure that there are more control points in the top and bottom areas of the ellipsoid surface with larger curvature. For example, the sine function or cosine function can be used to determine the distribution of control points in the φ direction to increase the density of control points in the extreme areas of the surface (such as the top and bottom). When setting parameters, the value range of θ is [0,2π], and the value range of φ is [-π / 2,π / 2]. The specific interval and function form need to be determined according to the size and shape characteristics of the ellipsoid.

[0071] Preferably, in order to further optimize the distribution of control points, an adaptive algorithm can be used to dynamically adjust the distribution density of control points. This algorithm can automatically adjust the interval of control points according to the local curvature change of the ellipsoid surface to ensure that there are more control points in areas with large curvature changes.

[0072] Furthermore, the distribution of control points can be fine-tuned based on actual construction experience and historical data to improve the accuracy and efficiency of installation. For example, if it is found in previous construction that certain specific areas are prone to installation errors, the number of control points can be increased in these areas, or higher-precision measurement equipment can be used for monitoring. Through these refined operating steps and alternatives, the accuracy and reliability of ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall installation can be further improved.

[0073] In some embodiments, in the on-site measurement and positioning step, the total station needs to be accurately calibrated before measurement. The calibration parameters include horizontality, verticality, ranging accuracy, etc. During measurement, the method of taking the average value of multiple measurements is adopted to reduce measurement errors and ensure the accuracy of actual coordinate measurement.

[0074] It should be noted that this embodiment describes the use requirements of the total station in the field measurement and positioning step, wherein the total station is a high-precision measuring device that can measure horizontal and vertical angles and distances. Before measurement, the total station needs to be accurately calibrated to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results. The calibration parameters include horizontality, verticality, ranging accuracy, etc., which are key factors affecting the measurement results.

[0075] Specifically, the calibration of the total station is an important step to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data. Horizontality refers to the stability and accuracy of the total station in the horizontal direction, and verticality refers to the accuracy of the total station in the vertical direction. Distance measurement accuracy refers to the accuracy of the total station in measuring distance. The calibration of these parameters usually involves adjusting the internal settings and external accessories of the instrument, such as level bubbles, vertical axes, etc. When measuring, the method of taking the average value of multiple measurements is adopted, which is a common technical means to reduce random errors and improve measurement accuracy. For example, for each control point, three measurements can be made, and then the average of these three measurements is taken as the final measurement result.

[0076] Preferably, in order to further improve the accuracy of the measurement, some advanced measurement techniques and auxiliary equipment can be used. For example, a total station with automatic target recognition and tracking functions can be used to reduce human operation errors. In addition, the accuracy of position measurement can be improved by combining global positioning system (GPS) data and differential GPS technology.

[0077] Furthermore, in actual operation, the measurement strategy can be adjusted according to the specific conditions of the construction site, such as light conditions, weather conditions, etc. For example, measurement can be carried out when there is sufficient light to reduce the impact of light on the measurement results. Through these detailed operation steps and alternatives, high accuracy and high reliability of on-site measurement positioning can be ensured.

[0078] In some embodiments, in the step of installing the curtain wall unit, a temporary fixing device is used to pre-fix the curtain wall unit when the curtain wall unit is initially installed. The temporary fixing device should be adjustable to facilitate loosening and re-fixing of the curtain wall unit during subsequent coordinated positioning and adjustment.

[0079] It should be noted that the present embodiment relates to a temporary fixing device used in the initial installation of the curtain wall unit. The temporary fixing device refers to a device used to temporarily fix the curtain wall unit during the installation of the curtain wall unit so as to make fine adjustments during the subsequent coordinated positioning adjustment process. Such a device needs to be adjustable so as to facilitate the loosening and re-fixing of the curtain wall unit during the adjustment process.

[0080] Specifically, temporary fixing devices may include adjustable bolts, support frames, clips, etc., which can be adapted according to the size and weight of the curtain wall unit. During the initial installation, these devices are used to fix the curtain wall unit, but at the same time, a certain amount of adjustment space needs to be reserved for subsequent precise adjustments. For example, adjustable bolts can be fine-tuned according to the distance between the curtain wall unit and the structure, while support frames can provide temporary support while allowing position adjustment within a certain range. When setting parameters, factors such as the weight of the curtain wall unit, wind impact, temperature changes, etc. need to be considered to ensure the stability and reliability of the temporary fixing device.

[0081] Preferably, in order to improve the adjustment efficiency and accuracy of the temporary fixture, an automated or semi-automated adjustment system can be used. For example, an electric or pneumatic adjustment device can be designed and controlled by a remote control or computer system to achieve fast and accurate adjustment. In addition, sensors can be integrated into the temporary fixture to monitor the position and status of the curtain wall unit in real time to provide feedback during the adjustment process.

[0082] More specifically, a support frame with fine-tuning function can be designed, which can not only provide stable support, but also be adjusted at the micron level in the horizontal and vertical directions to meet the needs of high-precision installation. Through these refined operation steps and alternatives, the stability of the curtain wall unit in the initial installation stage can be ensured, while facilitating subsequent precise adjustments.

[0083] In some embodiments, the data acquisition system in the collaborative positioning adjustment step includes a variety of sensors such as a high-precision laser rangefinder and an inclination sensor, which are used to obtain the position information of the curtain wall unit from different angles and dimensions. After data acquisition, the data is transmitted to the data processing center in real time through a wireless transmission module.

[0084] It should be noted that this embodiment describes the data acquisition system in the collaborative positioning adjustment step, which includes a variety of sensors such as a high-precision laser rangefinder and an inclination sensor. These sensors are used to obtain the position information of the curtain wall unit from different angles and dimensions to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the data. The data acquisition system is a key component in the installation process. It can monitor the actual position of the curtain wall unit in real time and compare it with the theoretical position in the BIM model to provide a basis for adjustment.

[0085] Specifically, the data acquisition system consists of a variety of high-precision sensors, including laser rangefinders for measuring distances and inclination sensors for measuring angles. The laser rangefinder can provide accurate distance data, while the inclination sensor can detect the inclination angle of the curtain wall unit. The data of these sensors are transmitted to the data processing center in real time through the wireless transmission module. The data processing center is responsible for collecting and processing these data and comparing and analyzing them with the theoretical position coordinates in the BIM model. When setting parameters, the measurement range and accuracy of the sensor need to be adjusted according to the specific environment of the construction site and the size of the curtain wall unit. For example, the measurement range of the laser rangefinder may need to be set according to the maximum distance between the curtain wall units, and the accuracy of the inclination sensor may need to be adjusted according to the installation accuracy requirements.

[0086] Preferably, in order to improve the accuracy and real-time performance of data acquisition, more advanced sensor technology can be used, such as a 3D laser scanner, which can quickly obtain the 3D position information of the curtain wall unit. In addition, a data processing system with an artificial intelligence algorithm can be considered, which can automatically identify and compensate for errors in measurement and improve the efficiency and accuracy of data processing.

[0087] More specifically, an integrated sensor system can be designed, which includes not only laser rangefinders and inclination sensors, but also pressure sensors, temperature sensors, etc., to monitor other environmental factors that may affect the position of curtain wall units. Through these detailed operation steps and alternatives, the high performance and high reliability of the data acquisition system can be ensured, providing strong support for the precise installation of curtain wall units.

[0088] In some embodiments, in the deviation calculation step in the collaborative positioning adjustment step, the calculation formula of the deviation value (Δx, Δy, Δz) is:

[0089] Δx=x a -x t

[0090] Δy=y a -y t

[0091] Δz=z a -z t

[0092] Among them, x a ,y a ,z a Respectively represent the actual measured coordinate values ​​of the installed curtain wall unit in the x, y, and z axis directions. t ,y t ,z t They respectively represent the theoretical coordinate values ​​of the corresponding curtain wall units in the BIM model.

[0093] It should be noted that this embodiment describes in detail the deviation calculation step, which involves calculating the deviation values ​​between the actual position and the theoretical position of the installed curtain wall unit in the three coordinate axis directions. The deviation value refers to the difference between the actual measured coordinate value and the theoretical coordinate value in the BIM model. This step is a key link to ensure the accurate installation of the curtain wall unit. Here, the "deviation value" is an important parameter to measure the installation accuracy, which directly affects the formulation of subsequent adjustment measures.

[0094] Specifically, the calculation of the deviation value involves measurements in the directions of three coordinate axes, namely the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis. The deviation values ​​in each direction are expressed as Δx, Δy, and Δz, respectively, which are obtained by subtracting the actual measured coordinate value from the theoretical coordinate value. For example, Δx = xactual - xtheoretical, where xactual is the actual measured coordinate value of the installed curtain wall unit in the X-axis direction, and xtheoretical is the theoretical coordinate value of the corresponding curtain wall unit in the X-axis direction in the BIM model. When setting parameters, it is necessary to ensure the accuracy of the measuring equipment and the accuracy of the measuring method to reduce measurement errors. In addition, it is also necessary to consider the impact of environmental factors such as temperature and humidity on the measurement results, and make corresponding compensation when calculating the deviation value.

[0095] Preferably, in order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the deviation calculation, an automated measurement and calculation system may be used. For example, machine vision technology may be used to automatically identify the position of the curtain wall unit, compare it with the theoretical position in the BIM model, and automatically calculate the deviation value.

[0096] More specifically, a software system can be developed that receives data from sensors, automatically calculates deviation values, and generates adjustment instructions. In addition, statistical process control methods can be introduced to monitor and analyze deviation values ​​in real time during the continuous installation process to identify and correct systematic deviations. Through these refined operating steps and alternatives, high accuracy and efficiency of curtain wall unit installation can be ensured.

[0097] In some embodiments, in the adjustment amount determination step in the collaborative positioning adjustment step, the adjustment amount and the deviation value satisfy the following relationship:

[0098] δx=k1·Δx+k2·Δy+k3·Δz

[0099] δy=k4·Δx+k5·Δy+k6·Δz

[0100] δz=k7·Δx+k8·Δy+k9·

[0101] Among them, k1-k9 are adjustment coefficients, which are determined based on a variety of actual engineering factors such as the elastic modulus E of the material used in the curtain wall, the structural connection method (such as the specifications and number of bolt connections), the construction environment temperature T and humidity H, etc., through a large number of simulation tests, field tests and fitting of previous engineering experience data to ensure that the adjustment amount can effectively correct the deviation without causing damage to the curtain wall structure or affecting its stability.

[0102] It should be noted that this embodiment describes in detail the adjustment amount determination step, which involves determining the adjustment amount of each curtain wall unit in the three coordinate axis directions according to the calculated deviation value and the preset adjustment rules based on the mechanical properties, structural stability and installation process requirements of the curtain wall. The adjustment amount refers to the position adjustment that needs to be made to the curtain wall unit in order to correct the deviation value. These adjustment amounts are key parameters to ensure that the curtain wall unit is accurately installed at the designed position.

[0103] Specifically, the relationship between the adjustment amount and the deviation value can be described by a set of adjustment coefficients. These coefficients are determined based on a variety of actual engineering factors such as the elastic modulus of the material used in the curtain wall, the structural connection method (such as the specifications and number of bolt connections), the temperature and humidity of the construction environment, etc., through a large number of simulation tests, field tests, and fitting of previous engineering experience data. For example, the adjustment amount Δx' can be expressed as Δx'=a1*Δx+a2*Δy+a3*Δz, where Δx, Δy, and Δz are the deviation values ​​in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, respectively, and a1, a2, and a3 are the corresponding adjustment coefficients. The setting of these coefficients needs to comprehensively consider the material properties and structural response of the curtain wall unit to ensure that the adjustment amount can effectively correct the deviation without causing damage to the curtain wall structure or affecting its stability.

[0104] Preferably, in order to further improve the accuracy and adaptability of the adjustment amount, a method of dynamically adjusting the coefficient can be used. This method can dynamically adjust the value of the coefficient according to real-time environmental monitoring data and changes in material properties. For example, if the ambient temperature changes significantly, it may affect the elastic modulus of the material. At this time, the coefficient can be adjusted through the temperature data collected by the sensor to adapt to the changes in material properties.

[0105] More specifically, an intelligent adjustment system can be developed that can automatically adjust the coefficients based on real-time data and generate the optimal adjustment amount. In addition, machine learning algorithms can be introduced to optimize the adjustment rules and improve the prediction accuracy of the adjustment amount by analyzing historical installation data. Through these refined operation steps and alternatives, the installation accuracy and structural safety of the curtain wall unit can be ensured.

[0106] In some embodiments, in the adjustment implementation step of the collaborative positioning adjustment step, when using a jack for translational adjustment, the lifting force F of the jack needs to be accurately calculated based on the weight G of the curtain wall unit, the friction force f and the adjustment direction to ensure that the curtain wall unit moves smoothly during the adjustment process and does not generate additional stress concentration. The calculation formula is F=G×μ+f (where μ is the friction coefficient, which is related to the contact material between the curtain wall unit and the supporting structure).

[0107] It should be noted that this embodiment involves the calculation of the lifting force when using a jack for translation adjustment. A jack is a mechanical device used to move or lift heavy objects, and is often used for precise position adjustment in construction. The lifting force refers to the force applied by the jack to the curtain wall unit. This force needs to be accurately calculated based on the weight, friction and adjustment direction of the curtain wall unit to ensure that the curtain wall unit moves smoothly during the adjustment process and does not generate additional stress concentration. Here, friction refers to the force that hinders movement due to contact between the curtain wall unit and the supporting structure.

[0108] Specifically, the calculation of the lifting force involves the weight G of the curtain wall unit, the friction force F and the friction coefficient μ. The friction force can be calculated by the formula F=μ*G, where μ is the friction coefficient, which is related to the contact material between the curtain wall unit and the supporting structure. The calculation formula of the lifting force P is P=G*(1+μ), ensuring that the lifting force of the jack is greater than the sum of the weight and friction of the curtain wall unit. When setting the parameters, it is necessary to accurately measure the weight of the curtain wall unit and determine the friction coefficient based on the material properties and construction environment. For example, if the curtain wall unit is composed of glass and metal frame, the friction coefficient between metal and concrete will be used in the calculation.

[0109] Preferably, in order to ensure that the calculation of the lifting force is more accurate and safe, sensors can be introduced to monitor the weight and friction of the curtain wall unit in real time. For example, a pressure sensor can be installed on the jack or curtain wall unit to feedback the actual value of the lifting force in real time and compare it with the theoretical calculated value.

[0110] More specifically, a computer control system can be developed that automatically adjusts the lifting force of the jack according to the sensor data to ensure smooth movement of the curtain wall unit during the adjustment process. In addition, the use of a jack with a self-locking function can also be considered to prevent the curtain wall unit from sliding down due to unexpected circumstances during the adjustment process. Through these detailed operating steps and alternatives, the safety and reliability of the adjustment process can be improved.

[0111] In some embodiments, during the entire installation process, the quality of the installed curtain wall units is regularly inspected. The inspection frequency is once after each layer or a certain number of curtain wall units are installed. The inspection content includes the flatness error of the curtain wall ∈ p , Sealing index such as airtightness coefficient C g , Watertight grade W r And the connection strength indicators with the surrounding structure, such as the preload force F of the connecting bolts p ,If the detection fails, the relevant parameters in the ,co-location algorithm are readjusted based on the detection results, and the ,co-location adjustment steps are performed again until all the quality detection ,indicators are qualified.

[0112] It should be noted that this embodiment describes the practice of regularly performing quality inspections on the installed curtain wall units throughout the installation process. Quality inspection refers to a series of tests on the installed curtain wall units to ensure that they meet the design and safety standards. The inspection content includes the flatness error of the curtain wall, sealing indicators such as airtightness coefficient, watertightness level, and connection firmness indicators with surrounding structures such as the preload of the connecting bolts. These inspection items are key indicators for evaluating the quality of curtain wall installation.

[0113] Specifically, the frequency of quality inspection is set to be carried out once after each layer or a certain number of curtain wall units are installed. This means that during the construction process, there will be a fixed inspection node to ensure the continuity of installation and the timeliness of quality control. Flatness error refers to the maximum deviation between the curtain wall surface and the design plane, air tightness coefficient and water tightness level refer to the ability of the curtain wall unit to prevent air and moisture penetration, respectively, and the preload of the connecting bolts refers to the force applied by the bolts connecting the curtain wall unit to the structure. This force needs to meet certain standards to ensure the stability of the structure. When setting parameters, the qualification standards of these inspection items need to be determined according to specific design requirements and industry standards.

[0114] Preferably, in order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the detection, automated detection equipment and systems can be used. For example, a laser scanner can be used to quickly measure the flatness error of the curtain wall, a pressure test device can be used to test the air tightness and water tightness level, and a torque wrench can be used to measure the preload force of the connecting bolts.

[0115] More specifically, an integrated inspection platform can be developed that can automatically record inspection data and compare it with design parameters to quickly identify unqualified installation units. In addition, data analysis software can be introduced to perform statistical analysis on the inspection results to identify potential problems in the construction process and adjust the construction parameters or methods accordingly. Through these refined operating steps and alternatives, the high quality of curtain wall installation and the long-term stability of the structure can be ensured.

[0116] The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: The ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall installation method based on BIM collaborative positioning described in the present invention can optimize the construction process and improve the accuracy and efficiency of installation. By establishing a BIM model and determining control points, it can be ensured that the design drawings of the ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall accurately correspond to the actual construction, thereby reducing errors. On-site measurement and positioning and the installation of curtain wall units can be carried out based on these precise data, thereby reducing uncertainties in construction and potential risks of rework. The collaborative positioning adjustment step can monitor and correct deviations in the installation process in real time, ensuring that each curtain wall unit can be accurately installed to the designed position, thereby improving the overall construction quality.

[0117] In addition, the method described in the present invention can enhance the stability and safety of the curtain wall structure. Through accurate control point distribution and measurement, it is possible to ensure that there is sufficient control point density in the key curvature change area, thereby fully reflecting the shape characteristics of the ellipsoidal surface. Using a high-precision total station for measurement, combined with a collaborative positioning algorithm, precise adjustments can be made during the installation process to avoid damage to the structure that may be caused by excessive adjustments. This method can also ensure that the installed curtain wall units meet the design and safety standards through regular quality inspections, thereby improving the durability and wind pressure resistance of the entire curtain wall.

[0118] Furthermore, the storage medium of the embodiment of the present application stores program instructions that can implement all the above methods, wherein the program instructions can be stored in the above storage medium in the form of a software product, including several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or terminal devices such as a computer, a server, a mobile phone, and a tablet.

[0119] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes in different aspects of the present invention as above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for installing an ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall based on BIM collaborative positioning, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: According to the design drawings of the ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall, determine the length of the major semi-axis a, the length of the minor semi-axis b, the coordinates of the center in the three-dimensional coordinate system (x0, y0, z0), and the shape and size parameters of the glass curtain wall unit, and construct a three-dimensional BIM model; On the ellipsoidal surface of the BIM model, the control points for positioning are selected according to a specific spatial distribution law. Assume that the total number of control points is n, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the i-th control point in the BIM model are (x i ,y i , z i ); Based on the selected control points, a high-precision total station is used to measure the three-dimensional coordinates (x i ′,y i ′,z i ′), and compare and analyze the actual coordinates obtained by measurement with the theoretical coordinates in the BIM model; Determine the installation starting position of the glass curtain wall unit, starting from the center of the bottom of the ellipsoid, install the glass curtain wall units one by one to the specified position according to the specific installation sequence, and perform rough installation based on the measured positioning information; The collaborative positioning algorithm is used to adjust the position of the curtain wall unit during the installation process, including the following steps: During the installation of curtain wall units, a fixed time interval Δt is used as the trigger condition for the installation progress node to collect the actual position coordinate data (x a ,y a , z a ) and the corresponding theoretical position coordinates in the BIM model (x t ,y t , z t ); For each installed curtain wall unit, calculate the deviation between its actual position and theoretical position in the three coordinate axis directions (Δx, Δy, Δz); According to the calculated deviation value and the preset adjustment rules based on the mechanical properties, structural stability and installation process requirements of the curtain wall, the adjustment amount (δx, δy, δz) of each curtain wall unit in the three coordinate axis directions is determined; According to the determined adjustment amount, the curtain wall unit is translated, rotated or raised and lowered so that the actual position of the curtain wall unit gradually approaches the theoretical position.

2. The method for installing an ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall based on BIM collaborative positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: When constructing a three-dimensional BIM model, the size parameters of the glass curtain wall unit include length l, width w, thickness d, and the curvature parameter r of the glass. The geometric shape of the curtain wall unit is constructed based on the length l, width w, thickness d, and the curvature parameter r of the glass.

3. The method for installing an ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall based on BIM collaborative positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control points are distributed on the ellipsoid surface at equal angles in the longitude direction and according to trigonometric functions in the latitude direction, to ensure that the control points can evenly cover the ellipsoid surface and have sufficient control point density in key curvature change areas.

4. The method for installing an ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall based on BIM collaborative positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total station is calibrated before measurement, and the calibration parameters include horizontality, verticality, and distance measurement accuracy. During measurement, a method of taking an average value by multiple measurements is adopted to reduce measurement errors and ensure the accuracy of actual coordinate measurement.

5. The method for installing an ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall based on BIM collaborative positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: When rough installation is carried out based on the measured positioning information, temporary fixing devices are used to pre-fix the curtain wall units.

6. The method for installing an ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall based on BIM collaborative positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the three-dimensional coordinates of the i-th control point in the BIM model is: x i =x0+a·cos u i ·cos v i and i =y0+b cos u i ·without v i z i =z0+a·sin u i Among them, u i and v i is the parameter variable, u i The value range is [0, 2π], v i The value range is By changing u i and v i The value of determines the control points at different locations.

7. The method for installing an ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall based on BIM collaborative positioning according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation formula for calculating the deviation between the actual position and the theoretical position in the three coordinate axis directions (Δx, Δy, Δz) is: Δx=x a -x t Δy=y a -y t Δz=z a -with t Among them, x a ,y a , z a Respectively represent the actual measured coordinate values ​​of the installed curtain wall unit in the x, y, and z axis directions. t ,y t , z t They respectively represent the theoretical coordinate values ​​of the corresponding curtain wall units in the BIM model.

8. The method for installing an ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall based on BIM collaborative positioning according to claim 7, characterized in that: The calculation formula for determining the adjustment amount (δx, δy, δz) of each curtain wall unit in the three coordinate axis directions is: δx=k1·Δx+k2·Δy+k3·Δz δy=k4·Δx+k5·Δy+k6·Δz δz=k7·Δx+k8·Δy+k9·Δz Among them, k1-k9 are adjustment coefficients, δx is the adjustment amount of the curtain wall unit in the x-axis direction, δy is the adjustment amount of the curtain wall unit in the y-axis direction, and δz is the adjustment amount of the curtain wall unit in the z-axis direction.

9. The method for installing an ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall based on BIM collaborative positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the determined adjustment amount, the curtain wall unit is translated, rotated or raised and lowered so that the actual position of the curtain wall unit gradually approaches the theoretical position, including: Use a jack for translation adjustment. The lifting force of the jack is calculated based on the weight of the curtain wall unit, friction force and adjustment direction. The calculation formula is F = G × μ + f; Among them, μ is the friction coefficient, G is the weight of the curtain wall unit, f is the friction force, and F is the lifting force of the jack.

10. The method for installing an ellipsoidal curved glass curtain wall based on BIM collaborative positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Regularly conduct quality inspections on the installed curtain wall units. The inspection frequency is once after each layer or a certain number of curtain wall units are installed. The inspection content includes the flatness error of the curtain wall∈ p , Sealing index such as airtightness coefficient C g , Watertight grade W r And the connection firmness index preload F p If the test fails, the relevant parameters in the collaborative positioning algorithm are readjusted according to the test results, and the collaborative positioning algorithm is used again to adjust the position of the curtain wall unit during the installation process until all quality inspection indicators are qualified.

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