Roadway support structure and construction method

Abstract

The application provides a roadway supporting structure and a construction method. The roadway supporting structure comprises a supporting group layer, an anchoring system, a flexible supporting belt, an adjusting system, a control unit and a sensing unit. The anchoring system is arranged on the side and top of the surrounding rock. The flexible supporting belt is arranged on the inner surface of the supporting group layer and located at the top of the roadway. The sensing unit is arranged in the top of the surrounding rock. The adjusting system is connected with the flexible supporting belt and the anchoring system of the top of the surrounding rock respectively. The sensing unit is used for collecting the surrounding rock pressure value and transmitting the surrounding rock pressure value to the control unit. The control unit receives the pressure value and adjusts the pre-tightening force of the anchoring system and / or the tension of the flexible supporting belt through the adjusting system. The application aims to solve the roadway supporting problem in the high stress and complex environment, and ensure the long-term stability and safety of the roadway.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mine engineering, and in particular to a roadway supporting structure and a construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increase of mining depth, the ground stress of the area where the roadway is located gradually increases, especially in deep mining mines, high stress environment becomes a common challenge. Under high stress conditions, significant stress concentration occurs in surrounding rock after roadway excavation, leading to intense deformation and damage of surrounding rock, thereby causing problems such as roadway collapse instability and supporting structure failure. These problems not only seriously threaten the safety of mine production, but also greatly increase the economic loss and maintenance cost of roadway support.

[0003] The existing roadway support mainly includes anchor rod, steel mesh, sprayed concrete and steel arch, etc. These methods perform well in low stress environment, but have obvious limitations under high stress conditions, for example:

[0004] (1) The supporting structure is too rigid and difficult to adapt to the deformation of surrounding rock. Under high stress conditions, such rigid support is prone to stress concentration, leading to fracture and failure;

[0005] (2) The existing support mostly uses uniformly arranged short anchor rods with shallow anchoring depth, which is difficult to effectively control the deformation of deep surrounding rock. In high stress environment, deep surrounding rock displacement is the main problem. Single short anchor rod cannot meet the stable support requirements due to insufficient support depth;

[0006] (3) The current support system is mostly fixed. Once installed, it is difficult to adjust according to the change of surrounding rock pressure, leading to easy failure in long-term use and inability to ensure the continuous stability of the roadway;

[0007] (4) The existing support system lacks effective monitoring means and mainly relies on periodic manual detection, which cannot quickly respond to changes in surrounding rock pressure and cannot realize active support adjustment.

[0008] Based on the above problems, the existing high stress roadway support structure cannot meet the support requirements of high stress roadway. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new high stress roadway support structure and construction method that combines multi-functional support design and intelligent monitoring and control means to improve the adaptability of the support structure in high stress environment and the long-term stability of the roadway. SUMMARY

[0009] The purpose of the present application is to provide a roadway support structure and construction method that can meet the support requirements of high stress roadway.

[0010] The technical scheme of the present application is: a roadway supporting structure, comprising a supporting group layer arranged on the inner surface of surrounding rock, an anchoring system extending into the surrounding rock from the supporting group layer, a flexible supporting belt, an adjusting system, a control unit and a sensing unit, the anchoring system is arranged on the side and top of the surrounding rock, the flexible supporting belt is arranged on the inner surface of the supporting group layer and located at the top of the roadway, the sensing unit is arranged in the top of the surrounding rock, and the adjusting system is connected with the flexible supporting belt and the anchoring system of the top of the surrounding rock respectively.

[0011] The sensing unit is used to collect the surrounding rock pressure value and transmit it to the control unit, and the control unit receives the pressure value and adjusts the pre-tightening force of the anchoring system and / or the tension of the flexible supporting belt.

[0012] In the above scheme, by adding the flexible supporting belt and the adjusting system, combined with the sensing unit, the deformation of the surrounding rock is synchronously responded, the pre-tightening force of the anchoring system and the tension of the flexible supporting belt are adjusted according to the change of the surrounding rock pressure, and the damage caused by rigid support is avoided, thereby solving the key technical problem of roadway stability control.

[0013] The flexible supporting belt is a belt body with a certain tension.

[0014] Preferably, the supporting group layer comprises a first supporting layer, a buffer energy-absorbing layer, a second supporting layer and a protective layer arranged in sequence from the inner surface of the surrounding rock, and one end of the anchoring system extends out of the protective layer and is connected with the adjusting system. This multi-layer structure forms a composite supporting structure, which provides initial protection, enhances structural rigidity and has energy-absorbing and buffering effects.

[0015] Preferably, the buffer energy-absorbing layer is a high-elasticity foam or a shock-absorbing energy-absorbing material, and the thickness is 5-8 cm; the second supporting layer is a steel mesh or a high-strength composite material mesh; and the protective layer is composed of sprayed high-strength fiber concrete, and the thickness is 8-12 cm.

[0016] Preferably, the anchoring system comprises anchor rods and anchor cables, the anchor rods are arranged on the side and top of the surrounding rock, the anchor cable is arranged on the top of the surrounding rock, the adjusting system comprises a first control device and a second control device, the first control device is connected with the anchor cable, and the second control device is connected with the flexible supporting belt. The first control device can be a winch installed at the end of the anchor cable, which can make the anchor cable tight by winding the anchor cable to resist subsequent load. The second control device can be a tensioning wheel, which realizes displacement through a telescopic rod, and the displacement of the tensioning wheel realizes the tension adjustment of the flexible supporting belt.

[0017] Preferably, the extension length of the anchor cable in the surrounding rock is longer than the extension length of the anchor rod. Combined with the short anchor rod and the long anchor cable, the effective control of the surrounding rock at different depths is realized.

[0018] Preferably, the sensing units are arranged in the radial direction of the surrounding rock, and the sensing units are electrically connected to the control unit.

[0019] To avoid damage caused by rigid support, the flexible support belt is made of polyimide fiber or high molecular synthetic fiber.

[0020] Preferably, the flexible support belt is attached to the surface of the support group layer and connected to the anchoring system.

[0021] The application also provides a construction method of the above roadway support structure, comprising:

[0022] Step one, roadway pretreatment and preliminary support: clean the surface of the surrounding rock in the roadway; spray a layer of primary concrete on the surface of the surrounding rock to form the first layer of the support group layer;

[0023] Step two, construction of other layers of the support group layer: lay high-elastic foam or shock-absorbing energy-absorbing material on the surface of the first layer, and then lay a steel mesh on the surface of the high-elastic foam or shock-absorbing energy-absorbing material;

[0024] Step three, installation of the anchoring system: use a drilling machine to drill an anchoring system installation hole, insert the anchoring system into the installation hole, anchor using a solidifying resin anchor, and apply a certain pre-tightening force to the anchoring system; then spray a protective layer;

[0025] Step four, installation of the flexible support belt: attach the flexible support belt to the surface of the support group layer and connect it to the anchoring system;

[0026] Step five, installation of the adjustment system: install the adjustment system on each anchoring system at the position of the flexible support belt;

[0027] Step six, installation of the control unit and the sensing unit: install the sensing unit at different depths of the surrounding rock, and the sensing unit, the control unit and the adjustment system are electrically connected, and each component is debugged; complete the construction.

[0028] Preferably, the construction method further comprises step seven: detection and debugging: start the sensing unit and the control unit, detect the pre-tightening force of the anchoring system and the tension of the flexible support belt, and adjust the pre-tightening force and the tension to the designed value according to the monitoring data.

[0029] Compared with the related art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] Firstly, the application provides a roadway support structure and a construction method thereof, aiming to solve the problem of roadway support in high-stress complex environment and ensure the long-term stability and safety of the roadway.

[0031] II. By combining the flexible support belt and the adjusting system, the synchronous response to the deformation of the surrounding rock is realized, the structural damage caused by rigid support is avoided, and the service life of the roadway is prolonged;

[0032] III. The structure of the support group layer is optimized and designed as a multi-layer structure with the functions of initial support, protection, buffering and energy absorption, which significantly improves the overall strength and toughness of the support structure and enhances the adaptability to the deformation of the surrounding rock;

[0033] IV. The anchoring system adopts a multi-level support design combining long and short anchor rods, and realizes precise control by adjusting the pre-tightening force, so that the support structure better adapts to different levels of deformation and pressure changes of the surrounding rock and effectively controls the surrounding rock at different depths;

[0034] V. The control unit and the sensing unit are added, and the sensing unit and the control unit are used for monitoring and feedback control to ensure the safety and stability of the support structure during long-term use and to adapt to various complex geological conditions; the intelligent expansion pressure control device (first control device and second control device) dynamically adjusts the support parameters by real-time monitoring and control of the surrounding rock pressure changes to ensure the optimal stress state of the support structure;

[0035] VI. The roadway support structure and construction method provided by the present application have significant innovation and advantages, which can significantly improve the stability and safety of the roadway and are suitable for roadway support in various complex high-stress environments, and have wide application prospect and high popularization value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the roadway support structure provided by the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of A in Figure 1

[0038] Figure 3 is a construction flowchart of the roadway support structure provided by the present application.

[0039] In the drawings: 1, surrounding rock; 2, anchor rod; 3, anchor cable; 4, first support layer; 5, buffering and energy absorption layer; 6, second support layer; 7, protection layer; 8, flexible support belt; 9, first control device; 10, second control device; 11, sensing unit; 12, control unit; 13, cable; 14, support group layer; 15, anchoring system; 16, adjusting system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] ​The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other. For ease of description, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" used below only indicate that they correspond to the upper, lower, left, and right directions in the accompanying drawings and do not limit the structure.

[0041] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the tunnel support structure provided in this embodiment includes a support layer 14, an anchoring system 15, a flexible support belt 8, an adjustment system 16, a sensing unit 11, and a control unit 12.

[0042] The support layer 14 comprises a first support layer 4, a buffer energy-absorbing layer 5, a second support layer 6, and a protective layer 7, sequentially arranged from the inner surface of the surrounding rock 1. The first support layer 4 is the preliminary support layer. The buffer energy-absorbing layer 5 is composed of highly elastic foam material or seismic energy-absorbing material (such as polyurethane or aluminum foam) with a thickness of 5-8 cm. The buffer energy-absorbing layer 5 is designed to absorb the energy generated by the deformation and stress release of the surrounding rock 1, reducing the instantaneous impact force on the support structure.

[0043] The second support layer 6 is composed of steel mesh or high-strength composite material mesh. The mesh is 2-3m long, 1-1.5m wide, and the mesh spacing is 10-15cm. This layer is arranged in close contact with the surface of the buffer energy-absorbing layer, overlapping each other to enhance the rigidity and toughness of the support structure.

[0044] The protective layer 7 is composed of sprayed high-strength fiber-reinforced concrete (such as steel fiber reinforced concrete) with a thickness of 8-12 cm. This layer forms an integral part with the second support layer 6, enhancing the failure strength of the support group layer 14 and improving the overall support capacity of the support structure.

[0045] The anchoring system 15 extends radially into the surrounding rock 1 from the support layer 14. The anchoring system 15 is installed on both the sides and top of the surrounding rock 1. The anchoring system 15 includes anchor bolts 2 and anchor cables 3. The anchor bolts 2 are installed on both the sides and top of the surrounding rock 1, and the anchor cables 3 are installed on the top of the surrounding rock 1. The anchor bolts 2 are used to control the deformation of the shallow surrounding rock in the roadway, with an anchoring depth of 2-3m and an installation spacing of 0.8-1.2m. During installation, a pneumatic or hydraulic anchor drilling rig is used to apply a preload of 200-300 N·m to improve the bearing capacity of the shallow surrounding rock in the roadway. The anchor cables 3 are used to limit the overall displacement of the deep surrounding rock, with an anchoring depth of 5-8m and an installation spacing of 1.5-2.0m. The longer anchor cables 3 adopt an adjustable preload design, that is, the first control device 9 of the adjustment system 16 is installed at the position of each anchor cable 3, and a preload of 500-800 N·m is applied by the hydraulic tensioner to further enhance the support effect and the stability of the surrounding rock.

[0046] The flexible support belt 8 is arranged on the inner surface of the support group layer 14 and located at the top of the roadway. The adjusting system 16 comprises a first control device 9 connected with the anchor cable 3 and a second control device 10 connected with the flexible support belt 8. The combination of the flexible support belt 8 and the adjusting system 16 is used to cope with the dynamic changes of the deformation and pressure of the surrounding rock 1.

[0047] The flexible support belt 8 is made of polyimide fiber or high molecular synthetic fiber material, has high strength, tensile resistance, shear resistance and corrosion resistance, is fixed on the surface of the support group layer 14 through the first control device 9 (which can control the axial displacement of the anchor cable) and the second control device 10 (which is a tensioning device), and plays a flexible supporting role when the surrounding rock 1 has a continuous plastic deformation, thereby reducing the risk of hard damage of the supporting structure.

[0048] The adjusting system 16 can adjust the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable 3 and the tension of the flexible support belt 8, and utilize the control unit and the sensing unit to adjust the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable and the tension of the flexible support belt in real time according to the changes of the surrounding rock pressure, so as to ensure the synchronous response of the supporting structure and the deformation of the surrounding rock 1 and further improve the supporting effect.

[0049] The control unit 12 is arranged on the surface of the flexible support belt 8, the sensing unit 11 is arranged inside the top of the surrounding rock 1, a plurality of sensing units 11 are arranged in the radial direction of the surrounding rock 1, and the plurality of sensing units 11 are electrically connected with the control unit 12 through the cable 13. The control unit 12 is electrically connected with the first control device 9 and the second control device 10 through the cable 13.

[0050] The sensing unit 11 comprises a pressure sensor group and a data acquisition and transmission module. The sensor group is arranged at different depth positions of the surrounding rock 1 to monitor the changes of the surrounding rock pressure in real time. The data acquisition and transmission module transmits the pressure data collected by the sensor group to the control unit 12, and then sends instructions to the first control device 9 and the second control device 10 according to the preset safety threshold and the change trend of the surrounding rock pressure, so as to automatically adjust the pre-tightening force of the anchor cable 3 and the tension of the flexible support belt 8, and ensure that the supporting structure is always in the best stress state.

[0051] As shown in Figure 3 The application also provides a construction method of the above roadway supporting structure, which comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1, roadway pretreatment and preliminary support:

[0053] S1.1, clean the loose rock blocks, soil and sundries in the roadway, and clean the surface of the surrounding rock by using compressed air or high-pressure water flow to ensure that there is no dust and debris;

[0054] S1.2, a wet spraying process is used to spray a 3-5 cm thick primary concrete layer (first support layer 4) on the surface of the surrounding rock, forming a preliminary support to provide initial stability and protection against rock debris falling off.

[0055] S2, construction of support group layers and anchoring system

[0056] S2.1, construction of buffer energy-absorbing layer 5: a 5-8 cm thick high-elasticity foam material or shock-absorbing material is laid on the surface of the first support layer 4 to ensure that the buffer energy-absorbing layer 5 can effectively buffer the energy generated by the deformation or stress release of the surrounding rock 1;

[0057] S2.2, construction of second support layer 6: a steel mesh or high-strength composite material mesh is arranged on the surface of the buffer energy-absorbing layer 5, and the mesh is fixed by overlapping using a U-shaped clamp or a nail gun;

[0058] S2.3, according to the shape of the roadway and the overlapping and fixing of the mesh, appropriate installation positions of the anchor rod 2 are selected. A pneumatic or hydraulic drill is used to drill a short anchor rod installation hole with a diameter of 32-40 mm and a depth of 2-3 m, and the anchor rod 2 is installed and a pre-tightening force of 200-300 N·m is applied to press the tray of the anchor rod 2 against the second support layer 6. The installation spacing of the anchor rod 2 is 0.8-1.2 m.

[0059] S2.4, construction of protective layer 7: high-strength fiber concrete is uniformly sprayed onto the surface of the second support layer using a wet spraying method, with a thickness controlled at 8-12 cm to form the protective layer 7, which covers the steel mesh or high-strength composite material mesh of the second support layer 6 and the tray of the anchor rod 2. The protective layer 7 is integrated with the second support layer 6, enhancing the breaking strength of the support group layer and improving the overall support capacity of the support structure;

[0060] S2.5, installation of anchor cable 3: according to the installation of the anchor rod 2, appropriate installation positions of the anchor cable 3 are selected. A pneumatic or hydraulic drill is used to drill a long anchor cable installation hole with a diameter of 20-28 mm and a depth of 5-8 m. The anchor cable 3 is installed and a pre-tightening force of 500-800 N·m is applied to press the tray of the anchor cable 3 against the surface support layer. The installation spacing of the anchor cable 3 is 1.5-2.0 m;

[0061] S3, installation of flexible support belt 8 and adjustment system 16:

[0062] A flexible support belt 8 is arranged on the surface of the multifunctional composite support group layer 14, which is located at the inner top of the surrounding rock 1, and the flexible support belt 8 is fixed on the support structure through the fastener of the anchor cable 3, so as to realize the flexible support of the surrounding rock. At the same time, the first control device 9 (anchor cable fastening control device) and the second control device 10 (flexible support belt tensioning control device) are installed, and the anchor cable 3 pre-tightening force and the flexible support belt 8 tension are dynamically adjusted according to the actual monitored surrounding rock pressure change, so as to ensure the synchronous response of the support structure and the deformation of the surrounding rock.

[0063] S4, installation and debugging of intelligent monitoring and control system:

[0064] The pressure sensor group is installed at different depths of the surrounding rock 1, and a sensor group is arranged every 5m, the sensor is connected with the data acquisition and transmission module, and the data is transmitted to the control center in real time. The control unit 12 analyzes the data in real time, adjusts the anchor cable pre-tightening force and the flexible support belt tension by using the anchor cable fastening control device and the flexible support belt tensioning control device, and ensures that the support structure is in the best stress state.

[0065] S5, detection and maintenance after construction:

[0066] After the construction is completed, comprehensive detection is carried out to ensure that all anchor rods 2, anchor cables 3, flexible support belts 8, anchor cable fastening control devices and flexible support belt tensioning control devices work normally. According to the monitoring data, the support structure is checked and maintained regularly, the anchor cable pre-tightening force, the support belt tension and the stress state of the adjustment system are adjusted, so as to ensure the long-term stability and reliability of the roadway.

[0067] S6, verification and optimization of support effect:

[0068] The above support structure and construction method are implemented in a high-stress roadway, and the intelligent monitoring system is used to monitor the surrounding rock pressure and the deformation of the support structure in real time. According to the monitoring data, the support effect is evaluated, and the anchor rod and anchor cable arrangement, anchor cable pre-tightening force, flexible support belt tension parameter and other support system configuration are optimized and adjusted through data analysis and model prediction, so as to improve the overall performance and adaptability of the support system. Embodiment

[0069] The roadway support structure and construction method of the application are implemented in a main transportation roadway of a deep zinc mine in a southwest mountainous area. The cross section of the roadway is three-center arch, the width is 4.2m, and the height is 3.5m. The roadway is about 1100m deep, located in a medium-hard rock layer, and the maximum ground stress is about 35MPa, which belongs to a typical high-stress roadway. The surrounding rock has strong stress concentration and large deformation potential, and a support structure capable of maintaining stability for a long time is needed to cope with the dynamic changes of the surrounding rock.

[0070] The buffer energy-absorbing layer 5 of the roadway support structure is 5-8 cm thick polyurethane or foamed aluminum material, the mesh of the second support layer 6 is 2-3 m long and 1-1.5 m wide, and the grid spacing is 10-15 cm. The second support layer 6 is arranged in close contact with the surface of the buffer energy-absorbing layer 5 and overlaps each other to enhance the rigidity and toughness of the support structure. The protective layer 7 is composed of sprayed high-strength fiber concrete (such as steel fiber reinforced concrete) with a thickness of 8-12 cm. This layer forms an integral part of the core support layer, enhancing the failure strength of the support layer and improving the overall support capacity of the support structure.

[0071] The anchoring depth of the anchor rod 2 is 2-3 m, and the installation spacing is 0.8-1.2 m. When installing, a pneumatic or hydraulic anchor rod drill is used to apply a pre-tightening force of 200-300 N·m to improve the bearing capacity of the shallow surrounding rock of the roadway. The anchoring depth of the anchor cable 3 is 5-8 m, and the installation spacing is 1.5-2.0 m. The long anchor cable adopts an adjustable pre-tightening force design, and a hydraulic tensioner is used to apply a pre-tightening force of 500-800 N·m to further enhance the support effect and stability of the surrounding rock.

[0072] According to the site geological conditions and engineering requirements, the roadway support structure of the present application is selected, and combined with the intelligent monitoring system, the surrounding rock pressure and support state of the roadway are monitored and controlled in real time. Moreover, the intelligent monitoring system is used to continuously monitor the surrounding rock pressure, support structure deformation and anchor cable stress state of the roadway for 6 months. The results show that the support structure effectively controls the deformation of the high-stress surrounding rock of the roadway, and compared with the traditional support method, the maximum displacement of the surrounding rock is reduced by 30%, the pre-tightening force stability of the anchor cable is improved by 40%, and the intact rate of the support structure reaches more than 95%.

[0073] In addition, in another deep roadway support embodiment with a fault fracture zone, in response to the challenges of high-stress complex geological conditions, by optimizing the multifunctional composite support layer material, adjusting the response speed of the system and the intelligent monitoring system, it is ensured that the support structure can quickly respond to the pressure change of the broken surrounding rock, and the support structure of the present application effectively maintains the stability and safety of the high-stress broken surrounding rock roadway.

[0074] This embodiment demonstrates the successful application of the roadway support structure of the present application in typical high-stress and complex geological environments. The synergistic effect of the multifunctional composite support layer, the multi-stage anchor rod system, the flexible support belt, the adjustment system and the intelligent monitoring technology realizes effective control of the surrounding rock pressure and synchronous response to the surrounding rock deformation. The support structure shows significant stability and adaptability under dynamic high-stress conditions, further highlighting the innovation and technical advantages of the present application in the field of roadway support.

[0075] The above merely illustrates the embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process conversion, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, which is made according to the content of the present application, shall be included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tunnel support structure, comprising a support layer (14) disposed on the inner surface of a surrounding rock (1), and an anchoring system (15) extending from the support layer (14) into the surrounding rock (1), wherein the anchoring system (15) is provided on both the side and top of the surrounding rock (1), characterized in that, It also includes a flexible support belt (8), an adjustment system (16), a control unit (12) and a sensing unit (11). The flexible support belt (8) is located on the inner surface of the support group layer (14) and at the top of the roadway. The sensing unit (11) is located inside the top of the surrounding rock (1). The adjustment system (16) is connected to the flexible support belt (8) and the anchoring system (15) at the top of the surrounding rock (1) respectively. The sensing unit (11) is used to collect the pressure value of the surrounding rock (1) and transmit it to the control unit (12). The control unit (12) receives the pressure value and adjusts the adjustment system (16) to adjust the preload of the anchoring system (15) and / or the tension of the flexible support strip (8). The support group layer (14) includes a first support layer (4), a buffer energy absorption layer (5), a second support layer (6) and a protective layer (7) arranged sequentially from the inner surface of the surrounding rock (1). One end of the anchoring system (15) extends out of the protective layer (7) and is connected to the adjustment system (16). The anchoring system (15) includes an anchor rod (2) and an anchor cable (3). The anchor rod (2) is provided on the side and top of the surrounding rock (1), and the anchor cable (3) is provided on the top of the surrounding rock (1). The adjustment system (16) includes a first control device (9) and a second control device (10). The first control device (9) is connected to the anchor cable (3), and the second control device (10) is connected to the flexible support belt (8).

2. The tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer energy-absorbing layer (5) is a high-elasticity foam or seismic energy-absorbing material with a thickness of 5-8cm; the second support layer (6) is a steel mesh or a high-strength composite material mesh; the protective layer (7) is made of sprayed high-strength fiber concrete with a thickness of 8-12cm.

3. The roadway support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the anchor cable (3) within the surrounding rock (1) is longer than the length of the anchor rod (2).

4. The tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple sensing units (11) are arranged radially in the surrounding rock (1), and all of the multiple sensing units (11) are electrically connected to the control unit (12).

5. The roadway support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible support strip (8) is made of polyimide fiber or polymer synthetic fiber.

6. The roadway support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible support strip (8) is attached to the surface of the support layer (14) and connected to the anchoring system (15).

7. A construction method for a roadway support structure as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: Step 1, roadway pretreatment and preliminary support: clean the surface of the surrounding rock (1) in the roadway; spray a layer of primary concrete on the surface of the surrounding rock (1) to form the first layer of the support group layer (14); Step 2, other layers of the construction support group (14): lay high elastic foam or seismic energy-absorbing material on the surface of the first layer, and then lay steel mesh on the surface of the high elastic foam or seismic energy-absorbing material; Step 3, install the anchoring system (15): use a drilling rig to drill the installation hole for the anchoring system (15), insert the anchoring system (15) into the installation hole, then use a curing resin anchoring agent to anchor it, and apply a certain pre-tightening force to the anchoring system (15); then wet spray a protective layer (7). Step 4, Install the flexible support strip (8): Attach the flexible support strip (8) to the surface of the support layer (14) and fix it to the anchoring system (15); Step 5, Install the adjustment system (16): Install the adjustment system (16) on each anchoring system (15) at the location of the flexible support strip (8). Step 6, install the control unit (12) and the sensing unit (11): install the sensing unit (11) at different depths in the surrounding rock (1), the sensing unit (11), the control unit (12) and the adjustment system (16) are electrically connected, and debug each component; complete the construction.

8. The construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes step seven: detection and adjustment: start the sensing unit (11) and control unit (12), detect the preload of the anchoring system (15) and the tension of the flexible support belt (8), and adjust the preload and tension to the design value according to the monitoring data.

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