Cold energy power generation system, heat exchange assembly and power generation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold energy power generation system, a heat exchange assembly and a power generation method, and belongs to the technical field of cold energy power generation. The cold energy power generation system comprises a working medium assembly, a power generation assembly, a lubricating oil assembly and a heat exchange assembly. The working medium assembly comprises a working medium pump, an evaporator, an expansion machine and a condenser which are sequentially connected in series. The condenser and the working medium pump are connected to form a working medium loop. The power generation assembly is connected with the expansion machine which can drive the power generation assembly to generate power. The lubricating oil assembly is connected with the expansion machine and the power generation assembly to form a lubricating oil loop for cooling the expansion machine and the power generation assembly; the heat exchange assembly comprises a working medium pipe and a lubricating oil pipe which are adjacently arranged, the working medium pipe communicates with the working medium loop, the lubricating oil pipe communicates with the lubricating oil loop, and the heat exchange assembly is used for transferring heat in lubricating oil into a working medium. The heat in the lubricating oil is recovered and supplied to the working medium, so that the power generation capacity and the power generation efficiency are improved, and meanwhile, the lubricating oil is cooled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of cold energy power generation technology, and specifically relates to a cold energy power generation system, a heat exchange component and a power generation method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of LNG (liquid natural gas) industry and air separation industry, the utilization of cold energy in LNG receiving stations and air separation units has attracted more and more attention, among which cold energy power generation is a more appropriate utilization method. At the same time, there are a large number of mechanical rotating equipment in the production processes of LNG receiving stations, LNG filling stations, LNG satellite stations, air separation and other enterprises, most of which use lubricating oil systems for lubrication and cooling.

[0003] However, the temperature rise caused by lubricating oil cooling cannot be effectively utilized, and lubricating oil cooling requires additional equipment and cooling costs, resulting in poor energy-saving and emission-reduction effects and low energy utilization. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The embodiments of the present application provide a cold energy power generation system and a heat exchange component, aiming to overcome the technical problem that the current cooling method of lubricating oil does not meet the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0005] Technical Solution The embodiment of the present application provides a cold energy power generation system, comprising:

[0006] A working fluid assembly, comprising a working fluid pump, an evaporator, an expander and a condenser connected in series in sequence, wherein the condenser is connected to the working fluid pump to form a working fluid circuit;

[0007] A power generation component connected to the expander, wherein the expander can drive the power generation component to generate electricity;

[0008] A lubricating oil assembly is connected to the expander and the power generation assembly to form a lubricating oil circuit for cooling the expander and the power generation assembly;

[0009] The heat exchange component includes a working fluid pipe and a lubricating oil pipe arranged adjacent to each other. The working fluid pipe is connected in series to the working fluid circuit between the working fluid pump and the expander. The lubricating oil pipe is connected to the lubricating oil circuit. The heat exchange component is used to transfer heat in the lubricating oil to the working fluid.

[0010] In some embodiments, the working fluid pipe is connected in series with the working fluid circuit;

[0011] The working fluid pipe is located on the pipeline between the evaporator and the expander; or, the working fluid pipe is located between the working fluid pump and the evaporator.

[0012] In some embodiments, the power generation assembly includes a generator, the expander is directly connected to the generator, and the lubricating oil assembly is respectively connected to the expander and the generator to form a lubricating oil circuit;

[0013] Alternatively, the power generation component includes a gearbox and a generator, the gearbox is connected to the expander and the generator respectively, and the lubricating oil component is respectively connected to the expander, the gearbox and the generator to form a lubricating oil circuit.

[0014] In some embodiments, the lubricating oil assembly includes a lubricating oil tank and a lubricating oil pump connected to each other, the lubricating oil pump is connected to the expander, and the lubricating oil tank is connected to the power generation assembly;

[0015] The lubricating oil pipe is connected in series with the lubricating oil circuit, and the lubricating oil pipe is located on the pipeline between the lubricating oil pump and the expander.

[0016] In some embodiments, the lubricating oil pipe is a spirally wound structure, and the working fluid pipe is sleeved outside the lubricating oil pipe.

[0017] In some embodiments, the working fluid pipe has a working fluid inlet and a working fluid outlet, the lubricating oil pipe has a lubricating oil inlet and a lubricating oil outlet, the lubricating oil inlet and the working fluid outlet are located on the same side, and the working fluid inlet and the lubricating oil outlet are located on the same side;

[0018] And / or, the flow direction of the working medium in the working medium pipe is opposite to the flow direction of the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil pipe.

[0019] In some embodiments, the condenser is used to convert the working medium exhaust gas into liquid working medium, and the condenser is any one of a shell and tube heat exchanger, a plate-fin heat exchanger, and a coiled heat exchanger.

[0020] In some embodiments, the expander is any one of an axial flow turbine expander, a centrifugal turbine expander, a screw expander, or a scroll expander.

[0021] In some embodiments, the lubricating oil circuit is externally connected to other equipment cooled by lubricating oil.

[0022] In some embodiments, there are multiple condensers connected in parallel between the expander and the working fluid pump, and the cold source of the condenser includes one or more of liquid natural gas, liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, liquid helium, liquid argon, liquid air, liquid methane, and liquid hydrogen.

[0023] The present application also discloses a heat exchange component, comprising a working fluid pipe and a lubricating oil pipe arranged adjacent to each other, wherein the working fluid pipe is connected to the working fluid circuit of the working fluid component, and the lubricating oil pipe is connected to the lubricating oil circuit of the lubricating oil component, and the heat exchange component is used to transfer heat in the lubricating oil to the working fluid.

[0024] The present application also discloses a cold energy power generation method. Based on the cold energy power generation system in the above embodiment, the method includes:

[0025] Get the heat value Q1 of the power generation component;

[0026] Based on the heat generated by the power generation component Q1, the heat input Q1 is added to the cold energy power generation system. 输 In the process, a thermal balance is established to obtain the heat generated by the power generation component Q2;

[0027] Based on the heat generated by the power generation component Q2, the heat input Q2 is added to the cold energy power generation system. 输 In the process, the thermal balance is established again to obtain the heat generated by the power generation component Q3;

[0028] Repeat the above steps until the heat value Q of the power generation component is obtained. n , Q n+1 , satisfying |(Q n -Q n+1 ) / Q n |≤0.001;

[0029] The power generation and efficiency of the cold energy power generation system are calculated.

[0030] Beneficial effect: The cold energy power generation system in the embodiment of the present application includes: a working fluid component, a power generation component, a lubricating oil component and a heat exchange component; the working fluid component includes a working fluid pump, an evaporator, an expander and a condenser connected in series in sequence, and the condenser is connected to the working fluid pump to form a working fluid circuit; the power generation component is connected to the expander, and the expander can drive the power generation component to generate electricity; the lubricating oil component is connected to the expander and the power generation component to form a lubricating oil circuit for cooling the expander and the power generation component; the heat exchange component includes a working fluid pipe and a lubricating oil pipe arranged adjacent to each other, the working fluid pipe is connected to the working fluid circuit, the lubricating oil pipe is connected to the lubricating oil circuit, and the heat exchange component is used to transfer the heat in the lubricating oil to the working fluid. By recovering the heat in the lubricating oil and providing it to the working fluid, the power generation and power generation efficiency are improved, and the cooling of the lubricating oil is achieved at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cold energy power generation system of the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the working fluid component and the working fluid circuit in the cold energy power generation system of the embodiment of the present application, and the heat exchange component is illustrated in the figure;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the lubricating oil component and the lubricating oil circuit in the cold energy power generation system of the embodiment of the present application, and the heat exchange component is illustrated in the figure;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a cold energy power generation system according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heat exchange component in a cold energy power generation system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure numerals: 1, working fluid component; 2, power generation component; 3, lubricating oil component; 4, heat exchange component; 11, working fluid pump; 12, evaporator; 13, expander; 14, condenser; 10, working fluid circuit; 30, lubricating oil circuit; 41, working fluid pipe; 42, lubricating oil pipe; 21, gear box; 22, generator; 31, lubricating oil tank; 32, lubricating oil pump; 411, working fluid inlet; 412, working fluid outlet; 421, lubricating oil inlet; 422, lubricating oil outlet; 121, heat source inlet; 122, heat source outlet; 141, cold source inlet; 142, cold source outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In the description of the present application, "multiple" means two or more, and at least one means one, two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited. The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to name the parts or embodiments with numbers for the convenience of description, and do not imply that there is an order of importance between the parts or embodiments.

[0040] As the preface of the embodiment of the present application, with the rapid development of the LNG (liquid natural gas) industry and the air separation industry, the utilization of cold energy in LNG receiving stations and air separation units has attracted more and more attention, among which cold energy power generation is a more appropriate utilization method. At the same time, there are a large number of mechanical rotating equipment in the production process of LNG receiving stations, LNG filling stations, LNG satellite stations, air separation and other enterprises, most of which use lubricating oil systems for lubrication and cooling. Due to the lack of circulating cooling water in LNG receiving stations, LNG filling stations, LNG satellite stations, air separation and other enterprises, lubricating oil cooling is mostly cooled by air coolers, and generators are also often cooled by air coolers. The operation of the fan of the air cooler consumes additional electricity, which will increase the self-use power load and noise in the factory. If a new circulating cooling water system is built, it will bring a substantial increase in equipment and investment. Furthermore, many LNG receiving stations have planned cold energy power generation, but because they initially focused on the gasification function of LNG, they did not consider the requirement for superheat on the inlet side of the cold energy power generation expander in the power generation mode, which may cause insufficient heat load or liquid at the inlet of the expander, thereby affecting the system life and power generation efficiency.

[0041] In view of this, the present application provides a cold energy power generation system and a heat exchange component to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0042] See also Figures 1 to 4As shown, a cold energy power generation system in an embodiment of the present application includes: a working fluid component 1, a power generation component 2, a lubricating oil component 3 and a heat exchange component 4; wherein the working fluid component 1 includes a working fluid pump 11, an evaporator 12, an expander 13 and a condenser 14 connected in series in sequence, and the condenser 14 is connected to the working fluid pump 11 to form a working fluid circuit 10; the power generation component 2 is connected to the expander 13, and the expander 13 can drive the power generation component 2 to generate electricity; the lubricating oil component 3 is connected to the expander 13 and the power generation component 2 to form a lubricating oil circuit 30, which is used to cool the expander 13 and the power generation component 2; the heat exchange component 4 includes a working fluid pipe 41 and a lubricating oil pipe 42 arranged adjacent to each other, the working fluid pipe 41 is connected in series to the working fluid circuit 10 between the working fluid pump 11 and the expander 13, the lubricating oil pipe 42 is connected to the lubricating oil circuit 30, and the heat exchange component 4 is used to transfer heat in the lubricating oil to the working fluid.

[0043] It should be understood that the evaporator 12 has a heat source inlet 121 and a heat source outlet 122, and the condenser 14 has a cold source inlet 141 and a cold source outlet (eg, Figure 1 As shown). The heat source of the evaporator 12 can be hot water, steam, flue gas and other process fluids with waste heat in the industrial production process, or natural resources such as solar energy, seawater, and air. The cold source of the condenser 14 can be one or more of LNG, liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, liquid helium, liquid argon, liquid air, liquid methane, liquid hydrogen, etc. If there are multiple types, there are multiple condensers 14. The working fluid in the working fluid circuit 10 can be a single-component working fluid such as methane, ethane, propane, ethylene, propylene, etc., or a mixture of multiple components.

[0044] Working principle: The heat source enters the evaporator 12 through the heat source inlet 121 and exchanges heat with the working fluid in the working fluid circuit 10. The working fluid is heated to high-temperature and high-pressure gas and enters the expander 13, driving the expander 13 to rotate, and then driving the power generation component 2 to generate electricity. The working fluid after doing work becomes exhausted gas and enters the condenser 14 to exchange heat with the cold source, condenses into a working fluid liquid, and enters the evaporator 12 again after being pressurized by the working fluid pump 11, and then exchanges heat with the heat source in the evaporator 12, and the cycle continues. The lubricating oil in the lubricating oil circuit 30 can flow through the expander 13 and the power generation component 2 to cool the expander 13 and the power generation component 2. The present application uses the heat exchange component 4 to provide the heat absorbed by the lubricating oil to the working fluid. On the one hand, the lubricating oil can be cooled without adding additional cooling equipment to cool the lubricating oil. On the other hand, the heat energy in the lubricating oil is used to generate electricity, thereby improving the power generation and power generation efficiency of the cold energy power generation system.

[0045] The working fluid pipe 41 and the lubricating oil pipe 42 are arranged adjacent to each other. Specifically, an inner-outer pipe arrangement can be adopted, and the lubricating oil pipe 42 is passed through the working fluid pipe 41; or, the working fluid pipe 41 and the lubricating oil pipe 42 are arranged in parallel, and heat transfer is performed by direct contact heat transfer between pipes or by heat conduction of an intermediate medium.

[0046] See also Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the working fluid pipe 41 is connected in series with the working fluid circuit 10, and the working fluid pipe 41 is located on the pipeline between the evaporator 12 and the expander 13. It should be understood that after the working fluid is heated to high-temperature and high-pressure gas and before entering the expander 13, the working fluid gas heated to high-temperature and high-pressure enters the working fluid pipe 41 and is heated by the lubricating oil, and then enters the expander 13 to increase the superheat of the working fluid, avoid liquid on the inlet side of the expander 13, and reduce the heat load of the evaporator 12, thereby extending the service life of the equipment. Please refer to Figure 4 As shown, in other embodiments, the working fluid pipe 41 is connected in series with the working fluid circuit 10, and the working fluid pipe 41 is located between the working fluid pump 11 and the evaporator 12. It should be understood that before the working fluid is condensed into working fluid liquid and pressurized by the working fluid pump 11 to enter the evaporator 12, it can enter the working fluid pipe 41 to use the heat carried by the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil pipe 42 to heat the working fluid in the working fluid pipe 41, so as to achieve working fluid preheating, thereby improving the working efficiency of the evaporator 12 and improving energy utilization.

[0047] In some embodiments, the working fluid pipe 41 is connected in series with the evaporator 12; or, the working fluid pipe 41 is connected in parallel with the evaporator 12. It should be understood that by adopting the series connection mode, the heat in the lubricating oil absorbed by the working fluid can be directly provided to the working fluid in the evaporator 12 to increase the superheat of the working fluid. The parallel connection mode is adopted to facilitate the maintenance of the heat exchange component 4.

[0048] In some embodiments, the power generation assembly 2 includes a generator 22, the expander 13 is directly connected to the generator 22, and the lubricating oil assembly 3 is respectively connected to the expander 13 and the generator 22 to form a lubricating oil circuit 30. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in other embodiments, the power generation assembly 2 includes a gearbox 21 and a generator 22, the gearbox 21 is respectively connected to the expander 13 and the generator 22, and the lubricating oil assembly 3 is respectively connected to the expander 13, the gearbox 21 and the generator 22 to form a lubricating oil circuit 30. Specifically, the lubricating oil flows into the bearings and seals of the expander 13, the bearings of the gearbox 21, the bearings of the generator 22 and the cooler at the same time to take away the heat in the above-mentioned power generation equipment or cooling equipment, and then flows into the heat exchange assembly 4 to transfer the heat of the lubricating oil to the working medium, so that the working medium is overheated, and the temperature of the lubricating oil is reduced.

[0049] See also Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the lubricating oil assembly 3 includes a connected lubricating oil tank 31 and a lubricating oil pump 32, the lubricating oil pump 32 is connected to the expander 13, and the lubricating oil tank 31 is connected to the power generation assembly 2; the lubricating oil pipe 42 is connected in series with the lubricating oil circuit 30, and the lubricating oil pipe 42 is located on the pipeline between the lubricating oil pump 32 and the expander 13. After the lubricating oil cools the expander 13 and the power generation assembly 2, it flows into the lubricating oil tank 31, and is then pressurized by the lubricating oil pump 32 to enter the heat exchange assembly 4 for heat exchange cooling. When the heat is transferred to the working fluid, the lubricating oil enters the expander 13 again after cooling, realizing circulating cooling.

[0050] See also Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the lubricating oil pipe 42 is a spirally wound structure, and the working medium pipe 41 is sleeved outside the lubricating oil pipe 42. It should be understood that the lubricating oil pipe 42 adopts a spirally wound structure, which can achieve a larger area of ​​heat exchange in a smaller space, play a role in saving space, and avoid the lubricating oil pipe 42 from being too long; at the same time, the part of the lubricating oil pipe 42 arranged in the working medium pipe 41 realizes heat exchange, which can further reduce the heat dissipation in the lubricating oil, so as to further improve the heat exchange efficiency, ensure that the heat in the lubricating oil can be absorbed and utilized by the working medium, and finally achieve the improvement of power generation efficiency.

[0051] See also Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the working fluid pipe 41 has a working fluid inlet 411 and a working fluid outlet 412, the lubricating oil pipe 42 has a lubricating oil inlet 421 and a lubricating oil outlet 422, the lubricating oil inlet 421 and the working fluid outlet 412 are located on the same side, and the working fluid inlet 411 and the lubricating oil outlet 422 are located on the same side; and / or, the working fluid flow direction in the working fluid pipe 41 is opposite to the lubricating oil flow direction in the lubricating oil pipe 42. It should be understood that when the lubricating oil inlet and the working fluid outlet 412 are located on the same side, the working fluid temperature near the working fluid outlet 412 can be further increased, and the flow directions of the lubricating oil and the working fluid are opposite, so that the temperature of the working fluid outlet end in the working fluid pipe 41 will be slightly greater than the temperature of the working fluid inlet end, ensuring the linear uniformity of the working fluid temperature in the working fluid pipe 41, so as to better utilize the heat absorbed by the cooling of the lubricating oil for power generation.

[0052] In some embodiments, the condenser 14 is used to convert the working medium exhaust gas into a liquid working medium, and the condenser 14 is any one of a shell and tube heat exchanger, a plate-fin heat exchanger, and a coiled heat exchanger.

[0053] In some embodiments, the expander 13 is any one of an axial flow turbine expander 13 , a centrifugal turbine expander 13 , a screw expander 13 , or a scroll expander 13 .

[0054] In some embodiments, the lubricating oil circuit 30 is externally connected to other equipment cooled by lubricating oil, such as compressors and expanders from other equipment in the factory.

[0055] In some embodiments, there are multiple condensers 14 connected in parallel between the expander 13 and the working fluid pump 11, and the cold source of the condenser 14 includes one or more of liquid natural gas, liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, liquid helium, liquid argon, liquid air, liquid methane, and liquid hydrogen.

[0056] The present application also discloses a heat exchange assembly 4, comprising a working fluid pipe 41 and a lubricating oil pipe 42 arranged adjacent to each other, the working fluid pipe 41 being connected to the working fluid circuit 10 of the working fluid assembly 1, the lubricating oil pipe 42 being connected to the lubricating oil circuit 30 of the lubricating oil assembly 3, and the heat exchange assembly 4 being used to transfer heat in the lubricating oil to the working fluid. In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and for the part not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0057] The present application also discloses a cold energy power generation method, based on the cold energy power generation system described in the above embodiment, the method comprises: obtaining a heat value Q1 of a power generation component; adding a heat value Q1 of the power generation component to an input heat value Q1 of the cold energy power generation system based on the obtained heat value Q1 of the power generation component; 输 In the process, a heat balance is established to obtain the heat value Q2 of the power generation component; based on the heat value Q2 of the power generation component obtained, the heat value Q2 is added to the input heat value Q of the cold energy power generation system. 输 In the process, the thermal balance is established again to obtain the heat value Q3 of the power generation component; the above steps are repeated until the heat value Q n , Q n+1 , satisfying |(Q n -Q n+1 ) / Q n |≤0.001; calculate the power generation and efficiency of the cold energy power generation system. It should be understood that the heat balance formula is as follows:

[0058] Q 输入 =Q 热源 +W 工质泵 ;

[0059] Q 输出 =Q LNG +W 发电组件 +Q 发电组件发热量 ;

[0060] Q 热源 +W 工质泵 =Q LNG +W 发电组件 +Q 发电组件发热量 ;

[0061] Among them, Q 热源Refers to the heat of the heat source, unit kW; W 工质泵 Refers to the electrical power of the working fluid pump, unit kW; Q LNG is the heat of the cold source, in kW; W 发电组件 Refers to the electrical power of the power generation component.

[0062] Where Q1 = Q 膨胀机发热1 +Q 发电机发热1 +Q 齿轮箱发热1 ;

[0063] Increase the heat generated by the power generation component Q1 to Q 输入 In the process, the thermal balance of the self-coupled LNG cold energy power generation system is established:

[0064] Q 输入 * =Q 输出 * ;

[0065] Q 热源 +W 工质泵 +Q1=Q LNG +W 发电组件2 +Q2, calculate Q2;

[0066] Repeat the above steps, based on the heat balance formula: Q 热源 +W 工质泵 +Q n =Q LNG +W 发电组件n+1 +Q n+1 ; Get the heat Q of the power generation component n With Q n+1 , when |(Q n -Q n+1 ) / Q n |≤0.001, calculate the power generation and efficiency of the cold energy power generation system; if not satisfied, continue to calculate Q 发电组件发热量 The power generation method of the present application recovers the heat generated by the power generation component through lubricating oil, and transfers the heat to the working fluid for power generation through heat transfer between the lubricating oil and the working fluid, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving the power generation efficiency and power generation of the cold energy power generation system.

[0067] The above is a detailed introduction to a cold energy power generation system and a heat exchange component provided in the embodiments of the present application, and specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the technical solution and its core idea of ​​the present application; ordinary technicians in this field should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A cold energy power generation system, characterized in that: include: A working fluid assembly (1) comprises a working fluid pump (11), an evaporator (12), an expander (13) and a condenser (14) which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the condenser (14) is connected to the working fluid pump (11) to form a working fluid circuit (10); A power generation component (2) is connected to the expander (13), and the expander (13) is capable of driving the power generation component (2) to generate electricity; a lubricating oil assembly (3) connected to the expander (13) and the power generation assembly (2) to form a lubricating oil circuit (30) for cooling the expander (13) and the power generation assembly (2); A heat exchange component (4) comprises a working fluid pipe (41) and a lubricating oil pipe (42) arranged adjacent to each other, wherein the working fluid pipe (41) is connected in series to the working fluid circuit (10) between the working fluid pump (11) and the expander (13), and the lubricating oil pipe (42) is connected to the lubricating oil circuit (30). The heat exchange component (4) is used to transfer heat in the lubricating oil to the working fluid.

2. The cold energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working fluid pipe (41) is connected in series with the working fluid circuit (10); The working fluid pipe (41) is located on the pipeline between the evaporator (12) and the expander (13); or, the working fluid pipe (41) is located between the working fluid pump (11) and the evaporator (12).

3. The cold energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation component (2) includes a generator (22), the expander (13) is directly connected to the generator (22), and the lubricating oil component (3) is respectively connected to the expander (13) and the generator (22) to form a lubricating oil circuit (30); Alternatively, the power generation component (2) comprises a gear box (21) and a generator (22), the gear box (21) being connected to the expander (13) and the generator (22) respectively, and the lubricating oil component (3) being connected to the expander (13), the gear box (21) and the generator (22) respectively to form a lubricating oil circuit (30).

4. The cold energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricating oil assembly (3) comprises a lubricating oil tank (31) and a lubricating oil pump (32) connected to each other, the lubricating oil pump (32) is connected to the expander (13), and the lubricating oil tank (31) is connected to the power generation assembly (2); The lubricating oil pipe (42) is connected in series with the lubricating oil circuit (30), and the lubricating oil pipe (42) is located on the pipeline between the lubricating oil pump (32) and the expander (13).

5. The cold energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricating oil pipe (42) is a spirally wound structure, and the working fluid pipe (41) is sleeved outside the lubricating oil pipe (42).

6. The cold energy power generation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The working fluid pipe (41) has a working fluid inlet (411) and a working fluid outlet (412); the lubricating oil pipe (42) has a lubricating oil inlet (421) and a lubricating oil outlet (422); the lubricating oil inlet (421) and the working fluid outlet (412) are located on the same side; and the working fluid inlet (411) and the lubricating oil outlet (422) are located on the same side; And / or, the flow direction of the working medium in the working medium pipe (41) is opposite to the flow direction of the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil pipe (42).

7. The cold energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condenser (14) is used to convert the working medium exhaust gas into a liquid working medium. The condenser (14) is any one of a shell and tube heat exchanger, a plate-fin heat exchanger, and a coiled heat exchanger.

8. The cold energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expander (13) is any one of an axial flow turbine expander (13), a centrifugal turbine expander (13), a screw expander (13) or a scroll expander (13).

9. The cold energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricating oil circuit (30) is externally connected to other equipment cooled by lubricating oil.

10. The cold energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple condensers (14), which are connected in parallel between the expander (13) and the working fluid pump (11). The cold source of the condenser (14) includes one or more of liquid natural gas, liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, liquid helium, liquid argon, liquid air, liquid methane, and liquid hydrogen.

11. A heat exchange component, characterized in that: The heat exchange assembly (4) comprises a working fluid pipe (41) and a lubricating oil pipe (42) arranged adjacent to each other, wherein the working fluid pipe (41) is connected to a working fluid circuit (10) of a working fluid assembly (1), and the lubricating oil pipe (42) is connected to a lubricating oil circuit (30) of a lubricating oil assembly (3); and the heat exchange assembly (4) is used to transfer heat in the lubricating oil to the working fluid.

12. A cold energy power generation method, based on the cold energy power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the method include: Get the heat value Q1 of the power generation component; Based on the heat generated by the power generation component Q1, the heat input Q1 is added to the cold energy power generation system. 输 In the process, a thermal balance is established to obtain the heat generated by the power generation component Q2; Based on the heat generated by the power generation component Q2, the heat input Q2 is added to the cold energy power generation system. 输 In the process, the thermal balance is established again to obtain the heat generated by the power generation component Q3; Repeat the above steps until the heat value Q of the power generation component is obtained. n , Q n+1 , satisfying |(Q n -Q n+1 ) / Q n |≤0.001; The power generation and efficiency of the cold energy power generation system are calculated.

Images