Intelligent air conditioning system for ship living building and regulation and control method

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent air conditioning system for a ship living building. On the other hand, the invention provides a regulation and control method of the intelligent air conditioning system for the ship living building. All equipment valves of the central air conditioning system can be driven to be adjusted in advance according to real-time load requirements, and the situation that the room temperature in the cabin deviates from a design value for a long time due to load changes inside and outside the cabin, and comfort is affected is avoided. Under the application of the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the regulation and control strategy of the air conditioning system of the living building better fits the real-time navigation state of a ship and the use requirements of personnel, air supply, air exchange and refrigeration of the air conditioner are adjusted in real time according to the distribution condition of the personnel in each living cabin at different time, and cold supply and air supply are increased when the personnel in the cabin gather; and when the number of people in the cabin is reduced or nobody exists, air supply is reduced or stopped, so that economy and energy conservation are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an intelligent air conditioning control system and method combining artificial intelligence and sensor monitoring technology, belonging to the technical field of air environment adjustment and treatment of ship living cabins. Background Art

[0002] The ship air conditioning system is crucial to ensuring the work and life needs of the crew on board and improving their quality of life and work efficiency. The traditional ship variable air volume air conditioning system adopts a lagging and passive adjustment method. According to the return air temperature of the AHU or the typical cabin temperature, the air conditioning supply parameters and the refrigeration unit load are adjusted to keep the cabin temperature stable at the user's set value. Although the traditional method can meet the basic needs of users, there is still a lot of room for improvement in comfort, economy and intelligence. It is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0003] Traditional air conditioning systems cannot provide cooling and precise air supply to each cabin on demand. For example, when the weather changes in the sea conditions or the ship's heading causes the sun-exposed side of the bulkhead to change, or when the number of people in the room or the intensity of personnel activities changes, the heat load and fresh air requirements of each cabin in the living building will obviously change. Traditional air conditioning systems cannot accurately control the cooling capacity and air volume according to the real-time increase or decrease in heat load. Instead, they perform delayed and rough control as the real-time temperature of the room deviates from the set value. Therefore, comfort needs to be improved. At the same time, for cabins on the sun-shaded side or cabins that are currently empty or have fewer people, the heat load drops suddenly. If the air conditioning system fails to respond in time, it will also cause a waste of energy and resources, and the economy is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing ship air-conditioning system is unable to accurately supply cooling and air according to the real-time required load, the air-conditioning system has a slow response process and the control strategy is not intelligent enough, which greatly reduces the comfort and economy and affects the use effect.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is to disclose a smart air conditioning system for a ship living building, which aims to add outdoor sensing, personnel status monitoring and other components on the basis of the existing variable air volume air conditioning system, and to perform real-time analysis of the dynamic heat load of each cabin through an intelligent algorithm, and to redistribute the air conditioning cooling capacity and air volume of each cabin according to the analysis results, and to regulate the execution equipment and components accordingly, including:

[0006] A smart air conditioning system for a ship's living building, characterized by comprising an intelligent data acquisition and transmission layer, a central control analysis and decision processing layer, and an intelligent application and execution layer, wherein:

[0007] Intelligent data collection and transmission layer, used to realize the collection function of various types of required data, and also used to realize the safe and efficient transmission of massive data information across devices and systems;

[0008] The central control analysis and decision-making processing layer includes: data processing and human-computer interaction system, central control host, monitoring terminal, and centralized control center;

[0009] The intelligent application and execution layer includes: chillers, refrigerant water pumps, air conditioners, variable air volume terminals, exhaust fans, and air valves.

[0010] Preferably, the intelligent data collection and transmission layer includes: an energy data collection sublayer for collecting external parameters of ship navigation and cabin status parameters; and a transmission sublayer for implementing physical communication methods and communication technology protocols.

[0011] Preferably, the collection of external parameters of ship navigation includes: collection of temperature and humidity outside the cabin, collection of ship heading, and collection of direct sunlight angle.

[0012] Preferably, the external parameters of the ship's navigation are monitored in real time by the existing sensor equipment of the original ship and displayed in the cab when the ship is sailing, and the relevant parameters are synchronously transmitted to the central control unit for analysis and decision-making of intelligent control of the air-conditioning system.

[0013] Preferably, the cabin status parameter collection includes: the number of people in the cabin, the activity status of the people in the cabin, the light heat, temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration in the cabin, wherein the collection methods respectively adopt: human presence sensor, human infrared sensor, light sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, and CO2 sensor.

[0014] Preferably, the transmission sublayer includes high-speed communication cables, switches, and communication interfaces.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a control method for the above-mentioned intelligent air conditioning system of the ship living building, characterized in that it includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: When the ship is sailing, the external parameter acquisition system obtains the outside air temperature T in real time. i 、Air humidity H i , ship heading i 、Direct solar angle D i , where i is the sample number, 1, 2, 3, etc., and the parameter is transmitted to the central control host in real time;

[0017] Step 2: The cabin parameter acquisition system obtains the number of people n in each cabin in real time zi , where z is the cabin number, 1, 2, 3, etc. The human infrared sensor can collect the human body surface temperature to obtain the human activity heat x ziThe light sensor determines whether the light in the cabin is turned on, and thus obtains the light heat l zi , and collect the cabin temperature t zi 、Humidity zi 、CO2 concentration C zi , and transmit it to the central control host in real time;

[0018] Step 3: The central control host analyzes the received parameters:

[0019] According to the extravehicular parameters: ship heading d i 、Direct solar angle D i , the heat transfer surface types of the bulkheads of the cabins in the ship's living building are divided, and according to the divided heat transfer surface types and the temperature and humidity of the air outside the cabin, T i , H i , giving the corresponding internal and external heat conduction temperature differences, respectively: Sunlight cabin wall △T b , Sun-shadow bulkhead△t b 、Sun deck △T d 、Sun-shadow deck△t d ; Thus, the real-time heat load Q outside each cabin can be calculated zi =△T i *A i *K, where A is the heat transfer surface area and K is the heat transfer coefficient;

[0020] According to the parameters in the cabin: number of people n zi 、CO2 concentration C zi Get the fresh air volume B of each cabin zi =k z *n zi *b i , where k is the fresh air coefficient, b i The minimum fresh air volume requirement per person; based on the human activity heat x zi , number of people n zi 、Light heat zi 、Fresh air volume B zi Get the real-time heat load q in each cabin zi =n zi *x zi +l zi +q Bzi , among which, fresh air heat Bzi =c*B zi *△t, c is the specific heat of air, ρ is the air density, △t is the supply air temperature difference;

[0021] The required air supply volume V is obtained based on the real-time heat load inside and outside each cabin zi =(Q zi +q zi ) / (c*ρ*△t); according to the real-time air supply volume V required for each cabinzi and fresh air volume B zi The total air supply volume of the living building is summarized Total fresh air volume And the cooling capacity of central air conditioning units

[0023] Step 4: The numerical results calculated by the central control analysis and decision-making layer are transmitted to the intelligent application layer: according to the air supply volume V required by each cabin zi Real-time adjustment of the variable air volume terminal according to the fresh air volume B required in each cabin zi Adjust the exhaust fan air volume of the sanitary unit in real time; supply air volume V according to the total demand i Adjust the air conditioner variable frequency air supply unit and air supply damper to adjust the total required fresh air volume B i Adjust the fresh air unit and fresh air management valve according to the required cooling capacity Q i Adjust the chiller and refrigerant water pump unit.

[0024] Preferably, in step 2, the activity intensity of the person is divided into mild and moderate according to whether the body temperature exceeds 37.5°C, so as to obtain the human activity heat x zi .

[0025] Preferably, in step 3, the heat transfer surfaces of the cabins close to the side and the top deck are divided into: sun-exposed bulkheads, non-sun-exposed bulkheads, sun-exposed decks, and non-sun-exposed decks.

[0026] Preferably, in step 3, when C i ≤0.03%, k is 1; when C i >0.03%, k is 2, 3, 4…

[0027] The present invention can drive the valves of each device of the central air-conditioning system to pre-adjust according to the real-time load demand, so as to avoid the room temperature in the cabin deviating from the design value for a long time due to the load changes inside and outside the cabin, thus affecting the comfort. Under the application of the technical solution disclosed in the present invention, the control strategy of the air-conditioning system in the living building is more in line with the real-time navigation status of the ship and the use needs of the personnel. The air supply, ventilation and refrigeration of the air conditioner are all adjusted in real time according to the distribution of personnel in each cabin at different times. When the personnel in the cabin gather, the cooling air supply is increased; when the number of personnel in the cabin decreases or there is no one, the air supply is reduced or turned off, thereby achieving economic energy saving.

[0028] The present invention can record and analyze people's activity schedules and work and rest patterns based on human presence sensors and human infrared sensor data, so as to pre-adjust the temperature and humidity in living and office cabins to appropriate states according to the users' living and work habits, thereby creating a more intelligent and comfortable working and living environment for users.

[0029] Compared with the traditional solution, the control method of the present invention is more scientific and timely, and optimizes the traditional method of lagging adjustment of the set temperature value through subjective body surface perception. At the same time, the cooling capacity distribution of the air-conditioning system is more in line with the real-time heat load demand, avoiding the cabin overheating or overcooling due to insufficient or excessive control, and improving comfort and economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a smart air conditioning system for a ship's living building according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a control strategy for an intelligent air-conditioning system in a ship's living building according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms fall within the scope limited by the appended claims of the application equally.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention is to disclose a smart air-conditioning system for a ship living building, including an intelligent data collection layer 101, a data transmission layer 102, a central control analysis and decision processing layer 103, and an intelligent application and execution layer 104.

[0034] The intelligent data acquisition layer 101 includes an external data acquisition layer a1 and an in-cabin data acquisition layer a2; the data transmission layer 102 includes high-speed communication cables, switches, communication interfaces, etc.; the central control analysis and decision processing layer 103 includes a monitoring terminal b1, a security gateway b2, a central control host b3, an intelligent algorithm program b4, a centralized control center b5, a print output b6, and a cloud b7; the intelligent application and execution layer 104 includes a chiller c1, a refrigerant water pump c2, a variable air volume air conditioner c3, a variable air volume terminal c4, an exhaust fan c5, and a damper c6.

[0035] Another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention is to disclose a method for controlling a smart air conditioning system in a ship living building, including but not limited to the following steps:

[0036] When the ship is sailing at sea, the air conditioning system is started in real time. The intelligent data collection layer collects the external parameters in real time under the current state: the ship's sailing direction d i 、Direct solar angle D i , air temperature T i 、Air humidity H i, and collect the parameters of each cabin at the same time: the number of people in the cabin n zi 、Activity heat of human body in cabin x zi 、Light and heat in the cabin zi , temperature t zi 、Humidity zi 、CO2 concentration C zi ; i is the serial number of the collected samples, taking 1, 2, 3..., z is the serial number of each cabin, taking 1, 2, 3...

[0037] Based on the collection results of the intelligent data collection layer, the internal and external heat loads q of each cabin in the current state are calculated. zi , Q zi The details are as follows:

[0038] Step 1: According to the current ship heading d i 、Direct solar angle D i , determine the real-time sun-exposed side and sun-shaded side of the ship’s navigation status.

[0039] Step 2: Based on the above results, the heat transfer surface types of the cabin bulkheads and decks of the living building are classified into sun-exposed and non-sun-exposed types.

[0040] Step 3: Based on the above results, the heat transfer temperature difference △T of each cabin is obtained i And real-time external heat load Q zi .

[0041] Step 4: According to the current CO2 concentration C in each cabin zi , number of people n zi , calculate the minimum fresh air demand B for personnel zi .

[0042] Step 5: According to the current activity of personnel in each cabin zi , number of people n zi 、Light heat zi , and fresh air heat Bzi The real-time heat load q in the cabin is calculated zi .

[0043] Step 6: Based on the real-time heat load Q outside and inside each cabin zi ,q zi Calculate the real-time required air supply volume V for each cabin zi =(Q zi +q zi ) / (c*ρ*△t), and the total air supply volume V i ; At the same time, determine the required fresh air volume B in each cabin zi And the total required fresh air volume B i , where c is the specific heat of air, which is 1.005 (kJ / kg·K), and ρ is the air density, which is 1.2 kg / m3 , Δt is the supply air temperature difference, usually 10℃.

[0044] According to the calculation data of the central control analysis and decision processing layer 103, the intelligent application and execution layer 104 are regulated. zi 、Fresh air volume B zi Adjust the variable air volume terminal c4 in each cabin and the exhaust fan c5 in the sanitary unit in each cabin; according to the total required fresh air volume B i Adjust the exhaust / return / fresh air damper c6 according to the total air supply volume V i Adjust air conditioner c3, total cooling demand Q i Adjust the chiller c1 and the refrigerant water pump c2.

[0045] The intelligent air-conditioning system and control strategy for the ship's living building described in the embodiment of the present invention adjusts the air supply and cooling of the air conditioners in each cabin in real time based on the real-time sailing direction of the ship and the direct angle of the sun, thereby optimizing the long-term deviation of the cabin temperature and humidity from the set value due to changes in external loads under the traditional scheme, thereby improving comfort.

[0046] The intelligent air conditioning system and control method for the ship's living building described in the embodiment of the present invention is based on the number of people in the cabin and the activity status, and intelligently adjusts the air supply volume of the air conditioner according to the number of people currently staying in the cabin and the intensity of activity to maintain the set temperature and humidity of the cabin. When the number of people in the cabin decreases, there is no one or the people are slightly active, the air supply volume of the air conditioner can be appropriately reduced or closed; when the number of people in the cabin increases or the people are active, the air supply volume of the air conditioner can be increased in real time; at the same time, the activity itinerary and work and rest rules of the people are also collected and analyzed based on the human body sensor data, so as to pre-adjust the temperature and humidity in the living and office cabins to a suitable state according to the user's living and rest habits, thereby creating a more intelligent and comfortable working and living environment for users and achieving economic energy saving.

[0047] The intelligent air conditioning system and control method for the ship's living building described in the embodiment of the present invention collects signals based on human body sensors and CO2 sensors, and adjusts the variable air volume air conditioner, exhaust fan, fresh air valve and other equipment components in real time to monitor and adjust the fresh air volume to ensure the fresh air volume requirements of the cabin personnel. Under daily working conditions, by monitoring the real-time number of personnel and CO2 concentration in the cabin, the fresh air volume and fresh air ratio in the cabin are intelligently adjusted to maintain the current air quality in the cabin, providing a comfortable and safe environment for the personnel's life and work.

[0048] The technical solution disclosed in the present invention can accurately analyze the demand load of refrigeration and air supply of each cabin by fully collecting the state parameters of the ship during navigation and the activity status of the personnel, and adjust the air-conditioning terminal equipment and air-conditioning units to supply air and refrigeration on demand. Compared with the traditional solution, the adjustment efficiency of this solution is timely and the response is accurate, which can meet the comfort of users and take into account economy and energy saving.

Claims

1. A smart air conditioning system for a ship's living building, characterized in that: It includes intelligent data collection and transmission layer, central control analysis and decision processing layer, intelligent application and execution layer, among which: Intelligent data collection and transmission layer, used to realize the collection function of various types of required data, and also used to realize the safe and efficient transmission of massive data information across devices and systems; The central control analysis and decision-making processing layer includes: data processing and human-computer interaction system, central control host, monitoring terminal, and centralized control center; The intelligent application and execution layer includes: chillers, refrigerant water pumps, air conditioners, variable air volume terminals, exhaust fans, and air valves.

2. The intelligent air conditioning system for a ship living building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent data collection and transmission layer includes: an energy data collection sublayer for collecting external parameters of ship navigation and cabin status parameters; and a transmission sublayer for implementing physical communication methods and communication technology protocols.

3. The intelligent air conditioning system for a ship living building as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The ship navigation external parameter collection includes: outside cabin temperature, humidity collection, ship heading collection, and sun direct angle collection.

4. The intelligent air conditioning system for a ship living building as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The external parameters of the ship's navigation are monitored in real time by the existing sensor equipment of the original ship and displayed in the cab when the ship is sailing, and the relevant parameters are synchronously transmitted to the central control unit for analysis and decision-making of intelligent control of the air-conditioning system.

5. The intelligent air conditioning system for a ship living building as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The cabin status parameter collection includes: the number of people in the cabin, the activity status of the people in the cabin, the light heat, temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration in the cabin. The collection methods used are: human presence sensor, human infrared sensor, light sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, and CO2 sensor.

6. The intelligent air conditioning system for a ship living building as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission sublayer includes high-speed communication cables, switches, and communication interfaces.

7. A control method for a smart air conditioning system in a ship living building as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: When the ship is sailing, the external parameter acquisition system obtains the outside air temperature T in real time. i 、Air humidity H i , ship heading i 、Direct solar angle D i , where i is the sample number, 1, 2, 3, etc., and the parameter is transmitted to the central control host in real time; Step 2: The cabin parameter acquisition system obtains the number of people n in each cabin in real time zi , where z is the cabin number, 1, 2, 3, etc. The human infrared sensor can collect the human body surface temperature to obtain the human activity heat x zi The light sensor determines whether the light in the cabin is turned on, and thus obtains the light heat l zi , and collect the cabin temperature t zi 、Humidity zi 、CO2 concentration C zi , and transmit it to the central control host in real time; Step 3: The central control host analyzes the received parameters: According to the extravehicular parameters: ship heading d i 、Direct solar angle D i , the heat transfer surface types of the bulkheads of the cabins in the ship's living building are divided, and according to the divided heat transfer surface types and the temperature and humidity of the air outside the cabin, T i , H i , giving the corresponding internal and external heat conduction temperature differences, respectively: Sunlight cabin wall △T b , Sun-shadow bulkhead△t b 、Sun deck △T d 、Sun-shadow deck△t d ; Thus, the real-time heat load Q outside each cabin can be calculated zi =△T i *A i *K, where A is the heat transfer surface area and K is the heat transfer coefficient; According to the parameters in the cabin: number of people n zi 、CO2 concentration C zi Get the fresh air volume B of each cabin zi =k z *n zi *b i , where k is the fresh air coefficient, b i The minimum fresh air volume requirement per person; based on the human activity heat x zi , number of people n zi 、Light heat zi 、Fresh air volume B zi Get the real-time heat load q in each cabin zi =n zi *x zi +l zi +q Bzi , among which, fresh air heat Bzi =c*B zi *△t, c is the specific heat of air, ρ is the air density, △t is the supply air temperature difference; The required air supply volume V is obtained based on the real-time heat load inside and outside each cabin zi =(Q zi +q zi ) / (c*ρ*△t); according to the real-time air supply volume V required for each cabin zi and fresh air volume B zi The total air supply volume of the living building is summarized Total fresh air volume And the cooling capacity of central air conditioning units Step 4: The numerical results calculated by the central control analysis and decision-making layer are transmitted to the intelligent application layer: according to the air supply volume V required by each cabin zi Real-time adjustment of the variable air volume terminal according to the fresh air volume B required in each cabin zi Adjust the exhaust fan air volume of the sanitary unit in real time; supply air volume V according to the total demand i Adjust the air conditioner variable frequency air supply unit and air supply damper to adjust the total required fresh air volume B i Adjust the fresh air unit and fresh air management valve according to the required cooling capacity Q i Adjust the chiller and refrigerant water pump unit.

8. A control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 2, the activity intensity of the person is divided into mild and moderate according to whether the body temperature exceeds 37.5°C, thereby obtaining the human activity heat x zi .

9. A control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 3, the heat transfer surfaces of the cabins close to the side and the top deck are divided into: sun-exposed bulkhead, non-sun-exposed bulkhead, sun-exposed deck, and non-sun-exposed deck.

10. A control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 3, when C i ≤0.03%, k is 1; when C i >0.03%, k is 2, 3, 4…

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