A ship living building intelligent air conditioning system and a regulation and control method

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of ship living building wisdom air conditioning system.The other aspect of the present application is to provide a kind of above-mentioned ship living building wisdom air conditioning system regulating method.The present application can drive central air conditioning system each equipment valve according to real-time load demand pre-adjustment, avoid due to the load variation in the cabin inside and outside cabin temperature long time deviates from design value, influence comfort.In the application of the disclosed technical solution, the regulating strategy of the air conditioning system of the living building is more suitable for the real-time sailing state of the ship and the use demand of the personnel, and the air supply, ventilation and refrigeration of the air conditioner are adjusted in real time according to the distribution of the personnel in each cabin at different times, and the cooling supply is increased when the personnel gather in the cabin;When the number of personnel in the cabin is reduced or no one, reduce or close the air supply, so as to realize economic energy saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a smart air conditioning control system and method that combines artificial intelligence and sensor monitoring technology, belonging to the technical field of air environment regulation and treatment in ship living quarters. Background Technology

[0002] Marine air conditioning systems are crucial for ensuring the working and living needs of crew members and improving their quality of life and work efficiency. Traditional marine variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning systems employ a delayed and passive adjustment method, adjusting air supply parameters and chiller load based on the AHU return air temperature or typical cabin temperature to maintain a stable cabin temperature at the user-set value. While this traditional method can meet basic user needs, there is still significant room for improvement in terms of comfort, economy, and intelligence. This is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0003] Traditional air conditioning systems cannot provide on-demand cooling and precise airflow to each cabin. For example, when sea conditions or weather changes, or when the ship's course alters the sunlit side of the cabin, or when the number of people or the intensity of their activities change, the heat load and fresh air requirements of each living quarters in the living quarters will obviously change. Traditional air conditioning systems cannot accurately adjust cooling capacity and airflow based on real-time increases or decreases in heat load. Instead, they only make lagging and coarse adjustments as the room temperature deviates from the set value, thus compromising comfort. At the same time, for cabins on the shaded side, or those currently unoccupied or with reduced numbers of people, a sudden drop in heat load will result in the air conditioning system failing to respond in time, leading to a waste of energy and resources and lower economic efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is that existing ship air conditioning systems cannot accurately supply cooling and air according to real-time load requirements. The air conditioning system has a slow response process and its control strategy is not intelligent enough, resulting in a significant reduction in comfort and economy, and affecting the performance.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention discloses a smart air conditioning system for shipboard living quarters. This system, based on existing variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning systems, adds components such as outdoor sensors and personnel status monitoring. Through intelligent algorithms, it performs real-time analysis of the dynamic heat load of each cabin, and redistributes the cooling and airflow of the air conditioning in each cabin according to the analysis results. This, in turn, regulates the execution equipment and components, including:

[0006] A smart air conditioning system for a ship's living quarters, characterized by comprising an intelligent data acquisition and transmission layer, a central control analysis and decision processing layer, and an intelligent application and execution layer, wherein:

[0007] The intelligent data acquisition and transmission layer is used to acquire various types of data and to enable secure and efficient transmission of massive amounts of data across devices and systems.

[0008] The central control analysis and decision processing layer includes: data processing and human-computer interaction system, central control host, monitoring terminal, and centralized control center;

[0009] The intelligent application and execution layer includes: chillers, chilled water pumps, air conditioners, variable air volume terminals, exhaust fans, and air valves.

[0010] Preferably, the intelligent data acquisition and transmission layer includes: an intelligent data acquisition sublayer for acquiring external parameters of ship navigation and internal state parameters; and a transmission sublayer for implementing physical communication methods and communication technology protocols.

[0011] Preferably, the acquisition of external parameters for ship navigation includes: acquisition of external temperature and humidity, acquisition of ship heading, and acquisition of direct sunlight angle.

[0012] Preferably, the external parameters of the ship's navigation are monitored in real time by the ship's existing sensing equipment and displayed in the bridge during the ship's navigation. The relevant parameters are then synchronously transmitted to the central control unit for analysis and decision-making on intelligent control of the air conditioning system.

[0013] Preferably, the acquisition of cabin state parameters includes: the number of people in the cabin, the activity status of the people in the cabin, the heat from the light in the cabin, temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration. The acquisition methods are respectively: human presence sensor, human infrared sensor, light sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, and CO2 sensor.

[0014] Preferably, the transmission sublayer includes a high-speed communication cable, a switch, and a communication interface.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a control method for the above-mentioned intelligent air conditioning system for ship living quarters, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: During ship navigation, the external parameter acquisition system acquires the outside air temperature T in real time. i air humidity H i Ship's heading d i The angle of direct sunlight D i Where i is the sample number, which takes the values ​​1, 2, 3, ..., and this parameter is transmitted to the central control host in real time;

[0017] Step 2: The cabin parameter acquisition system acquires the number of people (n) in each living quarters in real time. zi Where z is the cabin number, taking the values ​​1, 2, 3, ..., and the human infrared sensor can collect the body surface temperature to obtain the human activity heat x. ziA light sensor determines whether the cabin lights are on, and thus calculates the heat generated by the lights. zi Simultaneously, the cabin temperature t was collected. zi Humidity h zi CO2 concentration C zi And transmit it to the central control host in real time;

[0018] Step 3: Analyze the parameters received by the central control unit:

[0019] Based on external parameters: ship's heading d i The angle of direct sunlight D i The heat transfer surface types of the bulkheads of each compartment in the ship's living quarters are classified, and the classification is based on the heat transfer surface types and the temperature and humidity T of the outside air. i H i The corresponding internal and external thermal conductivity temperature differences are given as follows: △T for sun-exposed bulkheads b Sunlight on the bulkhead △t b Sun-dried deck △T d Sunlit deck △t d Thus, the real-time external heat load Q of each cabin can be calculated. zi =△T i *A i *K, where A is the heat transfer surface area and K is the heat transfer coefficient;

[0020] Based on cabin parameters: number of people n zi CO2 concentration C zi The fresh air volume B for each cabin was determined. zi =k z *n zi *b i In the formula, k is the fresh air coefficient, and b i Minimum fresh air volume requirement per person; based on human activity heat x zi , number of people n zi Heat from light zi Fresh air volume B zi The real-time heat load q in each cabin was obtained. zi =n zi *x zi +l zi +q Bzi Among them, fresh air heat Bzi =c*B zi *△t, c is the specific heat of air, ρ is the density of air, and △t is the supply air temperature difference;

[0021] The required air volume V is determined based on the real-time heat load inside and outside each compartment. zi =(Q zi +q zi ) / (c*ρ*△t); Based on the real-time required air volume V of each compartmentzi and fresh air volume B zi The total air supply volume of the residential building was calculated. Total fresh air volume and the cooling capacity of central air conditioning units

[0022]

[0023] Step 4: Transmit the numerical results calculated by the central control analysis and decision-making layer to the intelligent application layer: based on the required air volume V of each compartment. zi Real-time adjustment of the variable air volume terminal to adjust the fresh air volume B according to the needs of each compartment. zi Adjust the exhaust fan volume of the sanitary unit in real time; supply air volume V according to the total demand. i Adjust the air conditioner's inverter fan unit and air damper to adjust the total required fresh air volume B. i Adjust the fresh air handling unit and fresh air management valve according to the required cooling capacity Q. i Adjust the chiller unit and the chilled water pump unit.

[0024] Preferably, in step 2, the intensity of human activity is categorized as mild or moderate based on whether the body temperature exceeds 37.5℃, thereby deriving the human activity heat x. zi .

[0025] Preferably, in step 3, the heat transfer surfaces of the living quarters near the side and top deck are divided into: sun-exposed bulkheads, non-sun-exposed bulkheads, sun-exposed decks, and non-sun-exposed decks.

[0026] Preferably, in step 3, when C i ≤0.03%, k is 1; when C i >0.03%, k takes values ​​of 2, 3, 4, ...

[0027] This invention can drive the valves of various devices in the central air conditioning system to pre-adjust according to real-time load demand, avoiding long-term deviations in cabin temperature from design values ​​due to load fluctuations inside and outside the cabins, thus affecting comfort. Under the application of the technical solution disclosed in this invention, the control strategy of the living quarters air conditioning system is more aligned with the ship's real-time navigation status and the usage needs of personnel. Air supply, ventilation, and cooling are all adjusted in real time according to the distribution of personnel in each cabin at different times. Cooling and air supply are increased when personnel are concentrated in the cabins; when personnel are reduced or no one is in the cabins, air supply is reduced or shut off, thereby achieving economic energy saving.

[0028] This invention can record and analyze the activity patterns and daily routines of people based on human presence sensors and human infrared sensors, thereby pre-adjusting the temperature and humidity of living and office cabins to a suitable state according to the user's lifestyle, thus creating a more intelligent and comfortable working and living environment for the user.

[0029] Compared to traditional methods, the control method of this invention is more scientific and timely, optimizing the traditional method of lagging temperature setting based on subjective human body surface perception. At the same time, the cooling capacity distribution of the air conditioning system is more closely aligned with real-time heat load requirements, avoiding overheating or overcooling of cabins due to insufficient or excessive control, thus improving both comfort and economy. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a smart air conditioning system for a ship's living quarters, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the control strategy of a smart air conditioning system for a ship's living quarters, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, one aspect of the present invention discloses a smart air conditioning system for a ship's living quarters, including a smart data acquisition layer 101, a data transmission layer 102, a central control analysis and decision processing layer 103, and a smart application and execution layer 104.

[0034] The intelligent data acquisition layer 101 includes an external data acquisition layer a1 and an internal data acquisition layer a2; the data transmission layer 102 includes high-speed communication cables, switches, communication interfaces, etc.; the central control analysis and decision processing layer 103 includes a monitoring terminal b1, a security gateway b2, a central control host b3, an intelligent algorithm program b4, a central control center b5, a printout b6, and a cloud platform b7; the intelligent application and execution layer 104 includes a chiller unit c1, a chilled water pump c2, a variable air volume air conditioner c3, a variable air volume terminal c4, an exhaust fan c5, and an air damper c6.

[0035] Another aspect of this invention discloses a method for controlling an intelligent air conditioning system in a ship's living quarters, including but not limited to the following steps:

[0036] When a ship is sailing and operating at sea, its air conditioning system is activated in real time. The intelligent data acquisition layer collects external parameters in real time, including the ship's heading (d). i The angle of direct sunlight D i Air temperature T i air humidity H iSimultaneously, parameters inside each cabin are collected: number of people in the cabin n zi Heat generated by human activity inside the cabin (x) zi Interior lighting and heat zi Temperature t zi Humidity h zi CO2 concentration C zi ; i is the sample number collected, which can be 1, 2, 3..., and z is the cabin number, which can be 1, 2, 3...

[0037] Based on the data acquisition results from the intelligent data acquisition layer, the internal and external heat loads q of each compartment under the current state are calculated. zi Q zi The details are as follows:

[0038] Step 1: Based on the current ship heading d i The angle of direct sunlight D i It can determine the real-time sunlit and shaded sides of a ship's navigation status.

[0039] Step 2: Based on the above results, classify the heat transfer surface types of the cabins, bulkheads, and decks of the living quarters into sun-exposed and non-sun-exposed categories.

[0040] Step 3: Based on the above results, calculate the heat transfer temperature difference ΔT between each compartment. i and real-time external heat load Q zi .

[0041] Step 4: Based on the current CO2 concentration C in each chamber zi , number of people n zi The minimum fresh air requirement B for personnel was calculated. zi .

[0042] Step 5: Based on the current activity patterns of personnel in each cabin... zi , number of people n zi Heat from lights zi and fresh air heating Bzi The real-time heat load q inside the cabin was calculated. zi .

[0043] Step 6: Based on the real-time heat load Q inside and outside each cabin zi q zi The real-time required air supply volume V for each compartment is calculated. zi =(Q zi +q zi ) / (c*ρ*△t), and total air volume V i At the same time, determine the required fresh air volume B in each cabin. zi And the total demand for fresh air volume B i In the formula, c is the specific heat of air, taken as 1.005 (kJ / kg·K), and ρ is the density of air, taken as 1.2 kg / m³.3 Δt is the supply air temperature difference, which is usually taken as 10℃.

[0044] The intelligent application and execution layer 104 are controlled based on the calculation data of the central control analysis and decision processing layer 103. This is done according to the air supply volume V in each compartment. zi Fresh air volume B zi Adjust the variable air volume terminal C4 in each compartment and the exhaust fan C5 in each compartment's sanitary unit; adjust the fresh air volume B according to the total required fresh air volume. i Adjust the exhaust / return / fresh air damper c6 according to the total air supply volume V. i Adjust the air conditioner's C3 and total cooling capacity Q. i Adjust the chiller unit C1 and the chilled water pump C2.

[0045] The intelligent air conditioning system and control strategy for ship living quarters described in this invention adjusts the air supply and cooling of each cabin in real time based on the influence of the ship's real-time navigation course and the angle of direct sunlight. This optimizes the traditional solution where changes in external loads cause the cabin temperature and humidity to deviate from the set value for a long time, thus improving comfort.

[0046] This invention discloses a smart air conditioning system and control method for shipboard living quarters. Based on the number of people and their activity status inside the cabin, the system intelligently adjusts the air conditioning airflow according to the current number of people in the cabin and the intensity of their activities to maintain the set temperature and humidity. When the number of people in the cabin decreases, or when there is no one in the cabin or people are only slightly active, the airflow from the air conditioning vents can be appropriately reduced or closed. When the number of people in the cabin increases or people are actively active, the airflow from the air conditioning can be increased in real time. Simultaneously, the system collects and analyzes data from human body sensors to track and analyze people's activity patterns and daily routines, thereby pre-adjusting the temperature and humidity in the living and office cabins to a suitable level based on users' lifestyles. This creates a more intelligent and comfortable working and living environment for users, achieving economic and energy-saving benefits.

[0047] The intelligent air conditioning system and control method for shipboard living quarters described in this invention uses signals collected by human body sensors and CO2 sensors to monitor and regulate the fresh air volume in real time by adjusting equipment components such as variable air volume air conditioners, exhaust fans, and fresh air valves, ensuring the required fresh air volume for personnel in the cabin. Under normal operating conditions, by monitoring the real-time number of personnel and CO2 concentration in the cabin, the system intelligently adjusts the fresh air volume and fresh air ratio to maintain the current air quality in the cabin, providing a comfortable and safe environment for personnel to live and work.

[0048] The technical solution disclosed in this invention accurately analyzes the cooling and air supply demand load of each cabin by fully collecting the ship's navigation status parameters and the activity status of personnel, and then regulates the air conditioning terminal equipment and air conditioning units to supply air and cool according to demand. Compared with traditional solutions, this solution has timely and precise adjustment efficiency, meeting user comfort while also taking into account economic energy saving.

Claims

1. A method for controlling a smart air conditioning system in a ship's living quarters, wherein the smart air conditioning system comprises an intelligent data acquisition and transmission layer, a central control analysis and decision processing layer, and an intelligent application and execution layer, wherein: The intelligent data acquisition and transmission layer is used to acquire various types of data and to enable secure and efficient transmission of massive amounts of data across devices and systems. The central control analysis and decision processing layer includes: a data processing and human-computer interaction system, a central control host, a monitoring terminal, and a centralized control center; the intelligent application and execution layer includes: chillers, chilled water pumps, air conditioners, variable air volume terminals, exhaust fans, and air valves. The characteristic feature is that the control method includes the following steps: Step 1: During ship navigation, the external parameter acquisition system acquires the outside air temperature in real time. T i air humidity H i Ship heading d i Sun's direct angle D i ,in, i The sample number is assigned as 1, 2, 3... and this parameter is transmitted to the central control host in real time; Step 2: The cabin parameter acquisition system acquires the number of people in each living quarters in real time. n zi ,in, z Each cabin is numbered 1, 2, 3... The human infrared sensor can collect the body surface temperature to obtain the heat generated by human activity. x zi A light sensor determines whether the cabin lights are on, and thus calculates the heat generated by the lights. l zi Simultaneously, the cabin temperature was collected. t zi ,humidity h zi CO2 concentration C zi And transmit it to the central control host in real time; Step 3, the central control host analyzes the parameters received: based on the external parameters: ship heading d i Sun's direct angle D i The heat transfer surface types of the bulkheads of each compartment in the ship's living quarters are classified, and the classification is based on the heat transfer surface types and the temperature and humidity of the outside air. T i , H i The corresponding internal and external thermal conductivity temperature differences are given as follows: △T for sun-exposed bulkheads b Sunlight on the bulkhead △t b Sun-dried deck △T d Sunlit deck △t d Thus, the real-time heat load outside each cabin can be calculated. Q zi =△T i *A i *K, where, A For heat transfer surface area, K The heat transfer coefficient is used; based on cabin parameters: number of people. n zi CO2 concentration C zi Calculate the fresh air volume for each cabin B zi = k z *n zi *b i In the formula, k For fresh air coefficient, b i Minimum fresh air volume required per person; based on the body's activity heat. x zi Number of people n zi Heat from light l zi Fresh air volume B zi The real-time heat load in each cabin was obtained. q zi = n zi * x zi + l zi + q Bzi Among them, fresh air heat q Bzi =c* B zi *△t, c For the specific heat of air, ρ Let Δt be the air density and Δt be the supply air temperature difference; the required supply air volume is determined based on the real-time heat load inside and outside each compartment. V zi = ( Q zi + q zi ) / ( c*ρ* △t); based on the real-time air supply volume required by each compartment. V zi and fresh air volume B zi The total air supply volume of the residential building is calculated. Total fresh air volume and the cooling capacity of central air conditioning units Step 4: Transmit the numerical results calculated by the central control analysis and decision-making layer to the intelligent application layer: based on the required air volume of each compartment. V zi Adjust the variable air volume terminal in real time to provide fresh air volume according to the needs of each compartment. B zi Adjust the exhaust fan volume of the sanitary unit in real time; supply air volume according to total demand. V i Adjust the air conditioner's inverter fan unit and air damper to adjust the fresh air volume according to the total demand. B i Adjust the fresh air handling unit and fresh air management valve according to the required cooling capacity. Q i Adjust the chiller unit and the chilled water pump unit.

2. The control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the intensity of human activity is categorized as mild or moderate based on whether the body temperature exceeds 37.5℃, thereby deriving the human activity heat. x zi .

3. The control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the heat transfer surfaces of the living quarters near the side and top deck are divided into: sun-exposed bulkheads, non-sun-exposed bulkheads, sun-exposed decks, and non-sun-exposed decks.

4. The control method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In step 3, when C i ≤0.03%, k Take 1; when C i >0.03%, k Choose 2, 3, 4...

5. The control method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent data acquisition and transmission layer includes: an intelligent data acquisition sublayer for acquiring external parameters of ship navigation and internal status parameters; and a transmission sublayer for implementing physical communication methods and communication technology protocols.

6. The control method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The collection of external parameters for ship navigation includes: outside temperature and humidity, ship heading, and angle of direct sunlight.

7. The control method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The external parameters of the ship's navigation are monitored in real time by the ship's existing sensing equipment and displayed in the bridge. The relevant parameters are then synchronously transmitted to the central control unit for analysis and decision-making in the intelligent control of the air conditioning system.

8. The control method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The parameters collected inside the cabin include: the number of people inside the cabin, the activity status of the people inside the cabin, the heat from the light inside the cabin, temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration. The data collection methods are: human presence sensor, human infrared sensor, light sensor, temperature and humidity sensor, and CO2 sensor.

9. The control method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission sublayer includes high-speed communication cables, switches, and communication interfaces.

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