High-efficiency and high-stability space coupling system of solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber

Abstract

This application provides a high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system for solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber, belonging to the field of optics. The system detects the output information of the hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber and transmits it to a command input module to regulate the coupling module, achieving automatic adjustment and stable operation. In the coupling module, the laser output from the solid fiber is beam-shaped via an optical fiber output device and a curvature mirror group to match the mode field of the hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber. After stray light absorption and filtering by a graded-saturable absorber aperture, the beam is injected into the hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber. Furthermore, the hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber is held by a fixture with cooling function and placed on a programmable electrically controlled displacement stage with active thermal focus shift compensation. Precise adjustment achieves high-power, high-efficiency, and high-stability coupling, effectively solving the damage problems of hollow-core optical fiber caused by stray light, spot distortion, and beam jitter under high-power laser transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical technology, specifically to a high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system of solid optical fiber and hollow anti-resonant optical fiber. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of fiber lasers in communication, sensing and other fields, the output power of high-power narrow-linewidth fiber lasers is also constantly breaking through. However, due to the nonlinear effects such as stimulated Brillouin scattering and stimulated Raman scattering of fiber materials, narrow linewidth and high power cannot be achieved at the same time. Therefore, hollow-core anti-resonant fiber with advantages such as low nonlinear coefficient and high damage resistance threshold has emerged.

[0003] Hollow-core antiresonant fiber is a type of optical fiber that uses the antiresonance effect to confine and guide light transmission within its core. Its core is air, and periodically arranged air holes suppress light transmission into the cladding. Because the core of hollow-core fiber is air, splicing it with traditional solid fiber can lead to problems such as collapse at the fusion point and high splice loss. Current technologies mostly use spatial coupling methods for transmission. However, simple spatial coupling systems are plagued by beam jitter, stray light interference, low coupling efficiency, and thermal focal shift, posing a significant risk of damage during high-power coupled transmission. Existing methods for addressing stray light interference often involve using hard materials such as metal or ceramic apertures for interception. However, achieving a perfect match between the aperture size and the transmitted laser is difficult, easily resulting in incomplete stray light filtering, diffraction effects, and severe power loss. Therefore, designing an anti-interference and anti-jitter coupling device to achieve efficient and stable transmission of high-power lasers is one of the key problems to be solved in this field.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to design a high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system between solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, this application provides a high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system for solid optical fiber and hollow anti-resonant optical fiber, aiming to solve the technical problems of existing coupling systems being seriously affected by stray light interference, spot distortion interference, and thermal focal shift.

[0006] This application provides a high-efficiency, high-stability spatial coupling system for solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber, including:

[0007] The coupling module includes: a solid optical fiber, an optical fiber output device fused to the solid optical fiber, a coupling curvature mirror group located at one end of the optical fiber output device, a saturable absorber aperture located at one end of the coupling curvature mirror group, a programmable electrically controlled displacement stage located at one end of the saturable absorber aperture, and a hollow anti-resonant optical fiber passing through the programmable electrically controlled displacement stage.

[0008] A section of hollow anti-resonant fiber near the saturable absorber aperture is placed inside the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage, while the remaining portion of the hollow anti-resonant fiber is located outside the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage.

[0009] The fiber optic output device is coaxial with the coupled curvature mirror group;

[0010] The detection module is used to monitor and feedback the temperature information of the coupling module and the output power information of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber;

[0011] The instruction input module is used to receive data transmitted by the detection module and to send instructions to control the coupling module.

[0012] In this embodiment, by setting up a coupling module, a detection module, and an instruction input module, the detection module monitors the information of the coupling module in real time. Then, this information is transmitted to the instruction input module, which sends instructions to regulate the coupling module, realizing the automatic adjustment of the system. This helps to quickly adjust to the optimal working state when the environment changes or the system performance fluctuates, so that the system can operate stably.

[0013] The coupling module, consisting of modular components including solid optical fiber, optical fiber output device, coupling curvature mirror group, saturable absorber aperture, hollow anti-resonant optical fiber, and programmable electrically controlled displacement stage, enables high-efficiency energy transmission between solid optical fiber and hollow anti-resonant optical fiber, reducing energy loss and improving the overall system performance.

[0014] In some embodiments, the fiber optic output device is used to perform preliminary beam expansion and preliminary shaping of the transmitted laser beam; and / or,

[0015] The side of the fiber optic output device that is fused to the solid optical fiber is flat, and the other side of the fiber optic output device is coated with a high-transparency film.

[0016] In some embodiments, the coupling curvature mirror group is used to shape the transmitted high-power laser beam; and / or,

[0017] The coupled curvature mirror group includes one of a transmission mirror group and a reflection mirror group.

[0018] In some embodiments, the saturable absorber aperture is used to perform nonlinear absorption of the transmitted laser light to filter out stray and interfering light; and / or,

[0019] The center of the saturable absorber aperture is hollow;

[0020] The center of the saturable absorber aperture is gradually changing in the radial direction;

[0021] The gradient state includes one of doping concentration gradient and thickness gradient; and / or, the surfaces at both ends of the saturable absorber aperture are coated with a dielectric film with high transmittance to the transmitted laser.

[0022] In this embodiment, compared with the traditional hard-edge aperture, the use of a saturable absorber aperture for beam shaping reduces the diffraction effect and weakens higher-order modes to a certain extent, effectively solving the problem of hollow fiber damage caused by stray light, spot distortion, and beam jitter under high-power laser transmission.

[0023] In some embodiments, a programmable electrically controlled displacement stage holding the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber is used for active thermal focal shift compensation under high-power transmission conditions.

[0024] The incident end of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber is located at the focal point of the transmitted laser.

[0025] The outer cladding surface of a section of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber placed inside the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage is etched with periodic patterns to disrupt the waveguide structure between the air holes and the cladding.

[0026] In some embodiments, the high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system of solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber further includes: a cooling module, used to regulate the operating temperature of the coupling module after receiving information from the command input module; and / or,

[0027] The required operating temperature for the saturable absorber aperture and the required operating temperature for the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber are controlled by the cooling module; and / or

[0028] The refrigeration module includes a refrigeration clamp; and / or,

[0029] The saturable absorber aperture and a section of hollow anti-resonant optical fiber placed in the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage are both clamped in the cooling fixture.

[0030] In some embodiments, the instructions include: adjusting the required operating temperature of the saturable absorber aperture, adjusting the required operating temperature of the hollow anti-resonant fiber, adjusting the power parameters of the incident laser, adjusting the position of the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage, and adjusting the position of the hollow anti-resonant fiber under high-power transmission state through the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage.

[0031] In some embodiments, the detection module includes a temperature sensor located on the coupling module and a power detector located at the output end of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber.

[0032] In some embodiments, the temperature sensor includes: a temperature sensor one located on one side of the coupled curvature mirror assembly, and a temperature sensor two located on one side of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber; and / or,

[0033] The second temperature sensor is located near the incident end of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber; and / or,

[0034] Temperature sensor one is used to detect the temperature rise data of the coupled curvature mirror assembly; temperature sensor two is used to monitor the operating temperature of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber; and / or,

[0035] The power detector is used to monitor the output power of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber.

[0036] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application, the accompanying drawings used in this application will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the packaging module used in this application embodiment to encapsulate a high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system of solid optical fiber and hollow anti-resonant optical fiber.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system of solid optical fiber and hollow anti-resonant optical fiber in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of each module in the high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system of solid optical fiber and hollow anti-resonant optical fiber in the embodiments of this application.

[0041] Figure Labels

[0042] 11. Metal encapsulation base; 12. Metal encapsulation cover plate; 2. Solid optical fiber; 3. Optical fiber output device; 4. Coupled curvature mirror group; 5. Saturable absorber aperture; 6. Hollow core anti-resonant optical fiber; 7. Programmable electronically controlled displacement stage; 8. Power detector; 91. Temperature sensor one; 92. Temperature sensor two; 10. Command input module. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0046] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0047] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0048] Current technologies for addressing stray light interference primarily employ apertures made of hard materials such as metal or ceramics. However, achieving a perfect match between the aperture size and the transmitted laser is difficult, leading to problems such as incomplete stray light filtering, diffraction effects, and significant power loss. Therefore, developing an anti-interference and anti-jitter device to achieve efficient and stable transmission of high-power lasers is of paramount importance.

[0049] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this application provides a high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system for solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber. The system involves beam shaping via an optical fiber output device 3 and a coupling curvature mirror group 4, followed by stray light filtering and higher-order mode weakening by a saturable absorber aperture 5, before coupling into the hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber 6. Fine-tuning of the position and active compensation for thermal focus shift under high-power transmission conditions are achieved by controlling a programmable electrically controlled displacement stage 7 that holds the hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber (i.e., the hollow fiber), thereby improving coupling efficiency and reducing the risk of damage to the hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber 6.

[0050] Please refer to Figures 1-3 This application provides a high-efficiency, high-stability spatial coupling system for solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber, comprising:

[0051] The coupling module includes: a solid optical fiber 2, an optical fiber output device 3 fused to the solid optical fiber 2, a coupling curvature mirror group 4 located at one end of the optical fiber output device 3, a saturable absorber aperture 5 located at one end of the coupling curvature mirror group 4, a programmable electrically controlled displacement stage 7 located at one end of the saturable absorber aperture 5, and a hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6 passing through the programmable electrically controlled displacement stage 7.

[0052] A section of hollow anti-resonant fiber 6 near the saturable absorber aperture 5 is fixed inside the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage 7, while the remaining portion of the hollow anti-resonant fiber 6 is located outside the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage 7.

[0053] The fiber optic output device 3 is coaxial with the coupling curvature mirror group 4;

[0054] The detection module is used to monitor and feedback the temperature information of the coupling module and the output power information of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6;

[0055] The instruction input module 10 is used to receive data transmitted by the detection module; then convert the received data into sending instructions to control the coupling module; the instructions include: adjusting the ideal operating temperature required for the saturable absorber aperture 5, adjusting the ideal operating temperature required for the hollow anti-resonant fiber 6, adjusting the power parameters of the incident laser, adjusting the position of the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage 7, and adjusting the position of the hollow anti-resonant fiber 6 under high power transmission state through the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage 7.

[0056] A cooling module is used to adjust the operating temperature of the coupling module after receiving information from the instruction input module 10. The required operating temperature of the saturable absorber aperture 5 and the required operating temperature of the hollow anti-resonant fiber 6 are adjusted by the cooling module. The cooling module is a cooling fixture. The saturable absorber aperture 5 and a section of hollow anti-resonant fiber 6 placed in the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage 7 are respectively clamped in the cooling fixture. The hollow anti-resonant fiber 6 is clamped in the cooling fixture and placed on the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage 7.

[0057] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by setting a coupling module, a detection module, and an instruction input module 10, the detection module monitors the information of the coupling module in real time, and then transmits this information to the instruction input module 10, which sends instructions to control the coupling module, realizing the automatic adjustment of the system. This helps to quickly adjust to the optimal working state when the environment changes or the system performance fluctuates, so that the system can operate stably.

[0058] The coupling module, which consists of a modular assembly of solid fiber 2, fiber optic output device 3, coupling curvature mirror group 4, saturable absorber aperture 5, and hollow anti-resonant fiber 6, can achieve high-efficiency energy transmission between solid fiber and hollow anti-resonant fiber 6, reduce energy loss, and improve the overall system performance.

[0059] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the fiber optic output device 3 is used to perform preliminary beam expansion and preliminary shaping on the laser beam transmitted thereon;

[0060] The side of the fiber optic output device 3 that is fused to the solid optical fiber 2 is a flat surface, and the other side of the fiber optic output device 3 is coated with a high-transparency film; the other side of the fiber optic output device 3 includes either a flat surface or a curved surface.

[0061] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the coupling curvature mirror group 4 is used to shape the beam of the high-power laser transmitted thereon;

[0062] The coupling curvature mirror group 4 is composed of several curvature mirrors; the coupling curvature mirror group 4 includes one of a transmission mirror group and a reflection mirror group.

[0063] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the saturable absorber aperture 5 is used to perform nonlinear absorption of the laser transmitted thereto to filter out stray light and interference light; in addition, the saturable absorber aperture 5 can also be used to weaken the higher-order mode components in the laser.

[0064] The center of the saturable absorber aperture 5 is hollow;

[0065] The center of the saturable absorber aperture 5 is gradually changing in the radial direction;

[0066] The gradual change state includes one of the following: doping concentration gradual change, thickness gradual change (thickness: along the irradiation direction of the laser in the saturable absorber aperture 5; gradual change: when the laser hits the center of the saturable absorber aperture 5, with the center as the origin, the thickness gradually changes radially from the origin to the direction perpendicular to the laser irradiation, for example: initially the incident thickness at the origin is 0; when the radius reaches r1, the incident thickness becomes h1; when the radius reaches r2, the incident thickness becomes h2; during this period, the incident thickness along the radial direction of the saturable absorber aperture 5 gradually changes from h1 to h2).

[0067] In addition, when the saturable absorber aperture 5 has a radially varying thickness, it can effectively replace part of the coupling curvature mirror group 4.

[0068] Both ends of the saturable absorber aperture 5 are coated with a dielectric film with high transmittance for the transmitted laser.

[0069] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the diffraction effect is reduced by using a saturable absorber aperture 5 for beam shaping, and the higher-order modes are weakened to a certain extent. This effectively solves the problem of damage to hollow optical fibers caused by stray light, spot distortion, and beam jitter under high-power laser transmission.

[0070] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the programmable electrically controlled displacement stage 7 holding the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6 is used for active thermal focal shift compensation under high-power transmission conditions.

[0071] The hollow anti-resonant fiber 6 has an air core, and its light guiding principle is as follows: the light is suppressed to propagate to the cladding by periodically arranged air holes. The structure of the hollow anti-resonant fiber 6 includes one of a single-ring structure and a double-nested structure.

[0072] The incident end of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6 is located at the focal point of the transmitted laser.

[0073] The coating layer of a section of the hollow anti-resonant fiber 6 placed in the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage 7 is stripped, and a periodic pattern is etched on the outer cladding surface of this section of the hollow anti-resonant fiber 6 using a carbon dioxide fusion splicer to destroy the waveguide structure between the air hole and the outer cladding.

[0074] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage 7 is connected to a driver via a cable, and the driver is controlled by the instruction input module 10 to adjust the position of the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage 7;

[0075] The programmable electronically controlled displacement stage 7 regulates the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6 to achieve high-efficiency coupling between the transmitted laser and the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6.

[0076] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the detection module includes a temperature sensor located on the coupling module and a power detector 8 located at the output end of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6;

[0077] The temperature sensor includes: a temperature sensor 91 located on one side of the coupled curvature mirror group 4, and a temperature sensor 92 located on one side of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6.

[0078] The temperature sensor 92 is located near the incident end of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6;

[0079] Temperature sensor 91 is used to detect the temperature rise data of the coupled curvature mirror group 4; temperature sensor 92 is used to monitor the operating temperature of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6.

[0080] The power detector 8 is used to monitor the output power of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6.

[0081] The following describes the assembly process and related adjustment principles of a high-efficiency, high-stability spatial coupling system using solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber:

[0082] S1. Use a fusion splicer to fusion splice the solid optical fiber 2 to the optical fiber output device 3, perform optical adjustment on the fusion spliced ​​optical fiber output device 3, and fix it on the metal encapsulation base 11; wherein, the solid optical fiber is connected to the light source of the incident laser at the front end.

[0083] S2. Calculate and design based on the mode field parameters of the incident laser, fiber optic output device 3, and hollow anti-resonant fiber 6. Select an appropriate coupling curvature mirror group 4. Perform optical adjustment on the coupling curvature mirror group 4 according to the design scheme and fix it coaxially with the fiber optic output device 3 on the metal encapsulation base 11.

[0084] S3. Based on the beam size and beam power density after shaping by the coupling curvature mirror group 4, design the hollow diameter and gradient doping concentration or gradient thickness parameters of the saturable absorber aperture 5. After the design is completed, clamp the saturable absorber aperture 5 in the cooling fixture and fix it coaxially with the coupling curvature mirror group 4 on the metal packaging base 11 through optical adjustment.

[0085] S4. Set a temperature sensor 91 on one side of the coupling curvature mirror group 4, and record the temperature rise data of the coupling curvature mirror group 4 as the input laser power increases, and match the data with the focal position data of the transmitted laser.

[0086] S5. The hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6 placed in the cooling fixture is fixed on the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage 7, and the lower end of the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage 7 is fixed on the metal encapsulation base 11; a temperature sensor 2 92 is set on the side near the incident end of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6; the temperature sensor 2 92 is set on the top of the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage 7; in the state of low-power laser input, the position and direction of the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage 7 are precisely adjusted to achieve efficient coupling output.

[0087] S6. Temperature control of saturable absorber aperture 5 and hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6 is achieved through a cooling module.

[0088] S7. Input the temperature rise data of the coupling curvature mirror group 4 and the data of the position corresponding to the focal point of the transmitted laser into the control program of the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage 7; during the high-power laser transmission process, the data collected by the temperature sensor 91 at the coupling curvature mirror group 4 is fed back to the instruction input module 10. The instruction input module 10 sends instructions according to the received data and fine-tunes the position of the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage 7 to realize active thermal focal point compensation.

[0089] S8 and power detector 8 provide real-time feedback on the coupled output power of the hollow anti-resonant fiber 6. When the beam output from the fiber optic outputter 3 jitters or deforms, it is intercepted by the saturable absorber aperture 5. The power detector 8 feeds back the power reduction signal of the beam output from the hollow anti-resonant fiber 6 to the command input module 10. The command input module 10 issues a command to stop the high-power laser input at the incident laser source.

[0090] The high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system of solid optical fiber and hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6 is placed in an encapsulation module composed of a metal encapsulation base 11 and a metal encapsulation cover 12.

[0091] In summary, the high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system for solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber provided by this invention, by setting up a coupling module, a detection module, and a command input module 10, wherein the detection module monitors the information of the coupling module in real time, and then transmits this information to the command input module 10, which sends commands to control the coupling module, realizes the automatic adjustment of the system. This helps to quickly adjust to the optimal working state when the environment changes or the system performance fluctuates, so that the system can operate stably.

[0092] In addition, the coupling module includes a solid optical fiber 2, an optical fiber output device 3, a coupling curvature mirror group 4, a saturable absorber aperture 5, and a hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6. This modular component-constructed coupling optical path enables high-efficiency energy transmission between the solid optical fiber and the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber 6, improving the overall system performance. The use of the saturable absorber aperture 5 also avoids the diffraction problems introduced by traditional hard material apertures and weakens higher-order modes to a certain extent, effectively solving the problems of hollow fiber damage caused by stray light, spot distortion, and beam jitter under high-power laser transmission.

[0093] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments with the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of this application are included in the technical scope of this application. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, without departing from the spirit of this application, are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system for solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber, characterized in that, include: The coupling module includes: a solid optical fiber, an optical fiber output device fused to the solid optical fiber, a coupling curvature mirror group located at one end of the optical fiber output device, a saturable absorber aperture located at one end of the coupling curvature mirror group, a programmable electrically controlled displacement stage located at one end of the saturable absorber aperture, and a hollow anti-resonant optical fiber passing through the programmable electrically controlled displacement stage. A section of hollow anti-resonant fiber near the saturable absorber aperture is placed inside the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage, while the remaining portion of the hollow anti-resonant fiber is located outside the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage. The fiber optic output device is coaxial with the coupled curvature mirror group; The detection module is used to monitor and feedback the temperature information of the coupling module and the output power information of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber; The instruction input module is used to receive data transmitted by the detection module and to send instructions to control the coupling module.

2. The high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system of solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber optic output device is used to perform preliminary beam expansion and preliminary shaping of the transmitted laser beam; and / or, The side of the fiber optic output device that is fused to the solid optical fiber is flat, and the other side of the fiber optic output device is coated with a high-transparency film.

3. The high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system of solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling curvature mirror group is used to shape the transmitted high-power laser beam; and / or, The coupled curvature mirror group includes one of a transmission mirror group and a reflection mirror group.

4. The high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system of solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The saturable absorber aperture is used to perform nonlinear absorption of the transmitted laser light to filter out stray and interfering light; and / or, The center of the saturable absorber aperture is hollow; The center of the saturable absorber aperture is gradually changing in the radial direction; The gradient state includes one of a doping concentration gradient and a thickness gradient; and / or, The surfaces at both ends of the saturable absorber aperture are coated with a dielectric film that has high transmittance to the transmitted laser.

5. The high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system of solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, A programmable electrically controlled displacement stage holding the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber is used for active thermal focal shift compensation under high-power transmission conditions.

6. The high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system of solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that, The incident end of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber is located at the focal point of the transmitted laser. The outer cladding surface of a section of hollow anti-resonant optical fiber placed in the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage is etched with periodic patterns to disrupt the waveguide structure between the air holes and the cladding.

7. The high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system of solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The cooling module is used to regulate the operating temperature of the coupling module after receiving information from the instruction input module; And / or, The required operating temperature for the saturable absorber aperture and the required operating temperature for the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber are controlled by the cooling module; and / or... The refrigeration module includes a refrigeration clamp; and / or, The saturable absorber aperture and a section of hollow anti-resonant optical fiber placed in the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage are both clamped in the cooling fixture.

8. The high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system of solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber according to claim 7, characterized in that, The instructions include: adjusting the operating temperature required for the saturable absorber aperture, adjusting the operating temperature required for the hollow anti-resonant fiber, adjusting the power parameters of the incident laser, adjusting the position of the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage, and adjusting the position of the hollow anti-resonant fiber under high-power transmission conditions through the programmable electronically controlled displacement stage.

9. The high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system of solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber according to claim 6, characterized in that, The detection module includes a temperature sensor located on the coupling module and a power detector located at the output end of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber.

10. The high-efficiency and high-stability spatial coupling system of solid-core optical fiber and hollow-core anti-resonant optical fiber according to claim 9, characterized in that, The temperature sensor includes: a temperature sensor one located on one side of the coupled curvature mirror assembly, a temperature sensor two located on one side of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber; and / or, The second temperature sensor is located near the incident end of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber; and / or, Temperature sensor one is used to detect the temperature rise data of the coupled curvature mirror assembly; temperature sensor two is used to monitor the operating temperature of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber; and / or, The power detector is used to monitor the output power of the hollow anti-resonant optical fiber.

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