Phase shifter and base station antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to a phase shifter and a base station antenna, and a first adapter plate can replace a coaxial cable electrically connected with an output port so as to realize electrical connection with a radiation unit. After a coaxial cable is replaced by the first adapter plate, the production efficiency can be improved, and the overall layout is simplified. Besides, the first adapter plate penetrates through the insertion hole and extends into the cavity to realize electrical connection between the first transmission line and the output port, and compared with a window formed on the cavity, the size of the insertion hole is smaller, so that the stability of the phase shift circuit can be improved, and the stability and consistency of the antenna can be further improved. Besides, the second grounding layer is electrically connected with the first grounding layer to realize grounding, so that compared with a coupling grounding mode of the second grounding layer, the signal transmission stability can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a phase shifter and a base station antenna. Background Art

[0002] In cellular communication systems, electrically tilted antennas with adjustable electrical downtilt angles are the mainstream antennas currently used in base station construction. The core components of electrically tilted antennas mainly include main feeder lines, phase shifters, radiating units, and reflectors. Among them, the main component for realizing the electrical downtilt adjustment function of the antenna is the phase shifter. The main feeder line is connected to the phase shifter, and the phase shifter is connected to the radiating unit through a coaxial cable to form the entire antenna electrical signal transmission network.

[0003] With the development of mobile communications, base station antennas are developing towards multi-band, multi-standard, high integration, high gain, and low loss. The phase shifters of cavity strip lines are playing an increasingly important role. At present, the radiation units and phase shifters of electrically adjustable antennas are usually connected by coaxial cables. When there are many radiation units, the overall layout of the base station antenna is more complicated. Most of the production processes related to coaxial cables need to be completed manually, the batch production efficiency is low, and the stability and consistency of the antenna are poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a phase shifter and a base station antenna, which can improve production efficiency, simplify the overall layout, and have high stability and consistency of the antenna.

[0005] A phase shifter, comprising:

[0006] A cavity, wherein an insertion hole communicating with the interior of the cavity is provided on a side wall of the cavity, and a first grounding layer is also provided on the side wall of the cavity;

[0007] a phase shift circuit, the phase shift circuit being disposed inside the cavity and having an output port; and

[0008] A first adapter board, wherein the first adapter board is provided with a first transmission line and a second grounding layer, the first transmission line and the second grounding layer are respectively arranged on two opposite side surfaces of the first adapter board, the first adapter board extends into the cavity through the insertion hole, the first transmission line is electrically connected to the output port, and the second grounding layer is electrically connected to the first grounding layer.

[0009] In one embodiment, the hole wall of the insertion hole is in contact with the plate surface of the first adapter plate; or, a spacing is provided between the hole wall of the insertion hole and the plate surface of the first adapter plate, the plate thickness of the first adapter plate is d, and the spacing is ≤2d and greater than 0.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first transmission line is connected to the output port by welding, clamping, abutting or using fasteners; and / or the second grounding layer is connected to the first grounding layer by welding, clamping, abutting or using fasteners.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, an operation port communicating with the interior of the cavity is further provided on the side wall of the cavity, and the operation port is arranged opposite to the output port.

[0012] In one embodiment, the operation port is located on one side of the first adapter plate.

[0013] In one embodiment, the phase shift circuit is a dual-polarization phase shift circuit, the output port includes two output ports with different polarizations, there are two first transmission lines on the first adapter board, and the two first transmission lines are electrically connected to the two output ports with different polarizations in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the phase shifter further comprises two phase shifting dielectric plates movably disposed inside the cavity, and the two phase shifting dielectric plates are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the phase shifting circuit.

[0015] A base station antenna comprises the phase shifter, and the base station antenna further comprises a radiation unit, wherein the first transmission line is electrically connected to the radiation unit.

[0016] In one embodiment, the base station antenna also includes a second adapter board, the second adapter board is provided with a second transmission line and a third ground layer, the second transmission line and the third ground layer are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the second adapter board; the second adapter board is connected to the first adapter board, the first transmission line is electrically connected to the radiation arm of the radiation unit through the second transmission line, the balun of the radiation unit is electrically connected to the third ground layer, and the third ground layer is also electrically connected to the second ground layer.

[0017] In one embodiment, the base station antenna also includes a reflective plate; the second adapter plate and the radiation unit are both located above the reflective plate, and the second adapter plate is attached to the reflective plate; the first adapter plate passes through the reflective plate and is connected to the second adapter plate; the cavity is located below the reflective plate.

[0018] In one embodiment, there are multiple radiation units, multiple first adapter plates, and multiple second adapter plates; multiple first adapter plates are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple second adapter plates, and multiple second adapter plates are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple radiation units; there are multiple insertion holes and they are arranged in sequence at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the cavity, and multiple first adapter plates are also arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple insertion holes; the phase shifting circuit is provided with multiple output ports, and multiple first adapter plates are also arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple output ports.

[0019] In one of the embodiments, the plurality of radiation units are arranged in an array, and the plurality of radiation units constituting the array are coaxially arranged or non-coaxially arranged on the reflection plate.

[0020] The above-mentioned phase shifter and base station antenna, since the first transmission line plays the role of transmitting electrical signals, plays the same role as the inner conductor of the coaxial cable. The second grounding layer is electrically connected to the first grounding layer to achieve grounding, and plays the same role as the outer conductor of the coaxial cable. That is, the first adapter plate can replace the coaxial cable electrically connected to the output port to achieve electrical connection with the radiation unit. In this way, after the coaxial cable is replaced by the first adapter plate, the production efficiency can be improved and the overall layout is simplified; in addition, since the first adapter plate passes through the insertion hole and extends into the cavity to realize the electrical connection between the first transmission line and the output port, the insertion hole is smaller in size than the window on the cavity, thereby improving the stability of the phase shifting circuit, and then improving the stability and consistency of the antenna; in addition, since the second grounding layer is electrically connected to the first grounding layer to achieve grounding, compared with the coupling grounding method of the second grounding layer, the stability of signal transmission can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The enlarged structural diagram of the phase shifter at A is shown.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The exploded structure diagram of the base station antenna is shown.

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged view of the structure shown at B.

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 3The structure diagram of the base station antenna behind the hidden reflector is shown.

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram of the structure shown at position C.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of four first adapter plates of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Fig. 9 This is a structural diagram of four second adapter plates of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] 10. Phase shifter; 11. Cavity; 111. Insertion hole; 112. Operation port; 12. Phase shift circuit; 13. First adapter board; 131. First transmission line; 132. Card interface; 141. First solder; 142. Second solder; 143. Third solder; 20. Radiation unit; 30. Second adapter board; 31. Second transmission line; 40. Reflection plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0032] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of a phase shifter 10 according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 The enlarged structural diagram of the phase shifter 10 is shown at A. An embodiment of the present application provides a phase shifter 10 , which includes: a cavity 11 , a phase shifting circuit 12 and a first adapter board 13 .

[0033] An insertion hole 111 communicating with the interior of the cavity 11 is provided on the side wall of the cavity 11, and a first grounding layer is also provided on the side wall of the cavity 11. The cavity 11 may be made of a dielectric material, such as a ceramic material. The first grounding layer is formed on the side wall of the cavity 11 by various methods including, but not limited to, plating, printing, 3D printing, etc. The first grounding layer may be provided on the outer wall of the cavity 11, or on the inner wall of the cavity 11, or may be arranged on the inner wall and the outer wall of the cavity 11 respectively, which is not limited here.

[0034] Of course, the cavity 11 can also be made of metal material, that is, the first grounding layer and the cavity 11 are an integrated structure.

[0035] In addition, the phase shift circuit 12 is arranged inside the cavity 11, and the phase shift circuit 12 is provided with an input port and an output port. The input port is connected to the main feeder, for example, and the signal of the main feeder is input to the phase shift circuit 12 through the input port, and is output to the output port by the phase shift circuit 12, and the feeding signal is transmitted to the radiation unit 20 through the output port and the first adapter board 13.

[0036] Specifically, an opening communicating with the interior of the cavity 11 is provided on the side wall thereof, the opening corresponds to the position of the input port, and the main feeder is electrically connected to the input port after passing through the opening into the cavity 11. Optionally, the main feeder includes but is not limited to being formed on an input circuit board, and after the input circuit board is inserted into the cavity 11 through the opening, the main feeder is connected to the input port by welding, or is connected and fixed by various other methods such as clamping, fasteners, etc.

[0037] In one embodiment, the phase shifter 10 further includes a substrate disposed inside the cavity 11. The substrate is made of, for example, plastic or ceramic material, and serves as a carrier of the phase shift circuit 12, so that the phase shift circuit 12 is connected to the substrate. Optionally, the phase shift circuit 12 can be formed on the substrate using a printed circuit board process, or can be disposed on the substrate using various methods such as 3D printing or sputtering. In addition, the phase shift circuit 12 can be only a conductive circuit, and can be integrally formed, for example, by a sheet metal process.

[0038] The first adapter board 13 is provided with a first transmission line 131 and a second ground layer. Figure 8 As shown, since the first transmission line 131 and the second grounding layer are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the first adapter plate 13, the first transmission line 131 cooperates with the second grounding layer to form a microstrip line structure, playing the role of a coaxial cable. The first transmission line 131 can be in various shapes, including but not limited to regular shapes such as L-shape, S-shape, Z-shape, C-shape and other irregular shapes, and can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs.

[0039] In some embodiments, the first adapter board 13 includes but is not limited to a circuit board made using a printed circuit board process, and may also be a carrier using plastic or ceramic materials as the first transmission line 131 layer and the second grounding layer, and the first transmission line 131 layer and the second grounding layer are formed on the carrier by other circuit manufacturing methods.

[0040] See also Figure 2 and Figure 8, the first adapter plate 13 extends into the cavity 11 through the insertion hole 111, and the first transmission line 131 is electrically connected to the output port. Specifically, the first transmission line 131 and the output port include but are not limited to welding connection, clamping, abutment or connection with fasteners such as screws and pins, etc., as long as the first transmission line 131 and the output port can be electrically connected. In this embodiment, the first transmission line 131 is connected and fixed to the output port by welding through the first solder 141, and has good conductive performance.

[0041] In addition, the second grounding layer is electrically connected to the first grounding layer. Specifically, the second grounding layer and the first grounding layer include but are not limited to welding connection, clamping, abutment or connection with fasteners such as screws and pins, etc., as long as the second grounding layer and the first grounding layer can be electrically connected. In this embodiment, the second grounding layer is connected and fixed to the first grounding layer by welding through the second solder 142, and has good conductive performance.

[0042] The above-mentioned phase shifter 10, since the first transmission line 131 plays the role of transmitting electrical signals, plays the same role as the inner conductor of the coaxial cable. The second grounding layer is electrically connected to the first grounding layer to achieve grounding, and plays the same role as the outer conductor of the coaxial cable. That is, the first adapter plate 13 can replace the coaxial cable electrically connected to the output port to achieve electrical connection with the radiation unit 20. In this way, after the coaxial cable is replaced by the first adapter plate 13, the production efficiency can be improved and the overall layout is simplified; in addition, since the first adapter plate 13 passes through the insertion hole 111 and extends into the cavity 11 to achieve the electrical connection between the first transmission line 131 and the output port, the insertion hole 111 is smaller in size than the window on the cavity 11, thereby improving the stability of the phase shift circuit 12, and thus improving the stability and consistency of the antenna; in addition, since the second grounding layer is electrically connected to the first grounding layer to achieve grounding, compared with the coupling grounding method of the second grounding layer, the stability of signal transmission can be improved.

[0043] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments, the hole wall of the insertion hole 111 is in contact with the plate surface of the first adapter plate 13, so that the area of ​​the phase shift circuit 12 exposed outside the cavity 11 through the insertion hole 111 is small, thereby improving the stability of the phase shift circuit 12. In this case, the thickness d of the first adapter plate 13 is equal to the distance between the two opposite hole walls of the insertion hole 111, so that during the assembly process of the phase shifter 10, the first adapter plate 13 needs to be precisely aligned with the insertion hole 111 before it can be inserted into the insertion hole 111 and extended into the cavity 11.

[0044] In other embodiments, a spacing is provided between the hole wall of the insertion hole 111 and the plate surface of the first adapter plate 13. The plate thickness of the first adapter plate 13 is d. Optionally, the spacing is ≤2d, and the specific spacing is, for example, 2d, 1.5d, d, 0.5d or 0.3d, etc. In this way, the spacing is set more appropriately. On the one hand, the spacing is not too large to reduce the stability of the phase shift circuit 12. On the other hand, when the spacing is greater than 0, the requirements for alignment accuracy can be reduced during the assembly operation, thereby improving the assembly efficiency.

[0045] Of course, in some other embodiments, the spacing may also be set to be greater than 2d, and may be set to 3d, 5d, or 10d, etc.

[0046] See also Figure 2 In one embodiment, an operation port 112 communicating with the interior of the cavity 11 is further provided on the side wall of the cavity 11. The operation port 112 is arranged opposite to the output port. Thus, the operation port 112 can facilitate the connection operation between the output port and the first transmission line 131, for example, the first transmission line 131 can be welded and fixed to the output port.

[0047] The opening area of ​​the operation port 112 is as small as possible, as long as the operation tool can enter the cavity 11 to connect the first transmission line 131 with the output port. Optionally, the distance between the two points where the straight line passing through the center of the operation port 112 intersects with the contour of the operation port 112 is set to L, L≤30mm, specifically, for example, 30mm, 20mm, 15mm or 10mm, etc.

[0048] In one embodiment, the operation port 112 is located on one side of the first adapter plate 13. This can help reduce the opening area of ​​the operation port 112 and prevent the opening area from being too large, which may reduce the stability of the phase shift circuit 12. In addition, the specific opening position of the operation port 112 can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, as long as it satisfies the connection operation between the output port and the first transmission line 131.

[0049] The phase shift circuit 12 can be set as a single polarization phase shift circuit or a dual polarization phase shift circuit, and can be specifically matched with the radiation unit 20. In this embodiment, the phase shift circuit 12 is specifically taken as a dual polarization phase shift circuit as an example, and the output port includes two output ports of different polarizations. There are two first transmission lines 131 on the first adapter board 13. The two first transmission lines 131 are electrically connected to the two output ports of different polarizations in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0050] Specifically, the two output ports of different polarizations are arranged on opposite sides of the substrate. The first adapter board 13 is provided with a card interface 132, and the two first transmission lines 131 are respectively located on opposite sides of the card interface 132. The first adapter board 13 is mounted on the substrate by card connection through the card interface 132, so as to be stably mounted on the substrate. In addition, when the first adapter board 13 is mounted on the substrate by card connection, the two first transmission lines 131 correspond to the two output ports of different polarizations one by one and are electrically connected.

[0051] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, operation ports 112 are provided on two opposite side walls of the cavity 11, and the two operation ports 112 are provided corresponding to the positions of the output ports of two different polarizations. Thus, in the assembly step of the phase shifter 10, the two operation ports 112 on the opposite sides of the cavity 11 can facilitate the staff to realize the connection operation between each output port and each first transmission line 131 at the corresponding position.

[0052] In one embodiment, the phase shifter 10 further includes two phase shifting dielectric plates movably disposed inside the cavity 11. The two phase shifting dielectric plates are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the phase shifting circuit 12. Thus, when the phase shifting dielectric plates are slid along the longitudinal direction of the gun body to adjust their positions, the phase can be adjusted.

[0053] See also Figures 3 to 7 In one embodiment, an embodiment of the present application further provides a base station antenna, the base station antenna includes the phase shifter 10 of any of the above embodiments, the base station antenna also includes a radiation unit 20, and the first transmission line 131 is electrically connected to the radiation unit 20.

[0054] The above-mentioned base station antenna, since the first transmission line 131 plays the role of transmitting electrical signals, plays the same role as the inner conductor of the coaxial cable. The second grounding layer is electrically connected to the first grounding layer to achieve grounding, and plays the same role as the outer conductor of the coaxial cable. That is, the first adapter plate 13 can replace the coaxial cable electrically connected to the output port to achieve electrical connection with the radiation unit 20. In this way, after the coaxial cable is replaced by the first adapter plate 13, the production efficiency can be improved and the overall layout is simplified; in addition, since the first adapter plate 13 passes through the insertion hole 111 and extends into the cavity 11 to achieve the electrical connection between the first transmission line 131 and the output port, the insertion hole 111 is smaller in size than the window on the cavity 11, thereby improving the stability of the phase shift circuit 12, and thus improving the stability and consistency of the antenna; in addition, since the second grounding layer is electrically connected to the first grounding layer to achieve grounding, compared with the coupling grounding method of the second grounding layer, the stability of signal transmission can be improved.

[0055] See also Figures 7 to 9In one embodiment, the base station antenna further comprises a second adapter plate 30. The second adapter plate 30 is provided with a second transmission line 31 and a third grounding layer. The second transmission line 31 and the third grounding layer are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the second adapter plate 30. The second transmission line 31 can be specifically referred to in Figure 8 As shown, since the second transmission line 31 and the third grounding layer are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the second adapter plate 30, the second transmission line 31 cooperates with the third grounding layer to form a microstrip line structure, playing the role of a coaxial cable. Similar to the first transmission line 131, the second transmission line 31 can be in various shapes, including but not limited to regular shapes such as L-shape, S-shape, Z-shape, C-shape and other irregular shapes, and can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs.

[0056] In addition, the second adapter plate 30 is connected to the first adapter plate 13, the first transmission line 131 is electrically connected to the radiation arm of the radiation unit 20 through the second transmission line 31, the balun of the radiation unit 20 is electrically connected to the third ground layer, and the third ground layer is also electrically connected to the second ground layer. In this way, since the second adapter plate 30 is correspondingly provided between the radiation unit 20 and the first adapter plate 13, it is convenient to realize the electrical connection of the phase shifter 10, the first adapter plate 13, the second adapter plate 30 and the radiation unit 20. In addition, similar to the first adapter plate 13, the role played by the second adapter plate 30 is also equivalent to the coaxial cable. After being combined with the first adapter plate 13, it is equivalent to increasing the length of the coaxial cable, and by adjusting and setting the electrical length of the first transmission line 131 and / or the second transmission line 31, the phase adjustment of the radiation unit 20 can be realized.

[0057] In some specific embodiments, one end of the first transmission line 131 is connected to the output port, and the other end is connected to the second transmission line 31 by, but not limited to, welding, clamping, abutting, or fasteners such as screws and pins, etc., as long as the first transmission line 131 and the second transmission line 31 can be electrically connected. In this embodiment, the first transmission line 131 is connected and fixed to the second transmission line 31 by welding through the third solder 143, and has good conductive performance.

[0058] Specifically, the board surface of the first adapter board 13 is arranged in the vertical direction, and the board surface of the second adapter board 30 is arranged in the horizontal direction. After the bottom end of the first adapter board 13 extends into the interior of the cavity 11 through the insertion hole 111, one end of the first transmission line 131 is electrically connected to the output port. The top end of the first adapter board 13 is connected to the second adapter board 30, so that the other end of the first transmission line 131 is electrically connected to the second transmission line 31. In this way, it is conducive to stably assembling the phase shift circuit 12, the first adapter board 13 and the second adapter board 30 together.

[0059] See also Figures 3 to 5 In one embodiment, the base station antenna further includes a reflector 40. The second adapter plate 30 and the radiation unit 20 are both located above the reflector 40, and the second adapter plate 30 is attached to the reflector 40. The first adapter plate 13 passes through the reflector 40 and is connected to the second adapter plate 30. The cavity 11 is located below the reflector 40.

[0060] In one embodiment, the radiation unit 20 is provided in plurality, the first adapter plate 13 is provided in plurality, and the plurality of first adapter plates 13 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of radiation units 20. In addition, the insertion holes 111 are provided in plurality and are sequentially arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the cavity 11, and the plurality of first adapter plates 13 are also provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of insertion holes 111. The phase shift circuit 12 is provided with a plurality of output ports, and the plurality of first adapter plates 13 are also provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of output ports.

[0061] In a specific embodiment, when the radiation unit 20 is set as a single-polarization radiation unit, the first transmission line 131 on the first adapter board 13 is correspondingly set to one, and the output ports of the phase shift circuit 12 are all output ports of the same polarization. Each output port is electrically connected to each first transmission line 131. Each first transmission line 131 is electrically connected to each radiation unit 20.

[0062] In a specific embodiment, when the radiation unit 20 is configured as a dual-polarization radiation unit, two first transmission lines 131 are correspondingly configured on the first adapter board 13, and the two first transmission lines 131 are correspondingly connected to two differently polarized feeders of the dual-polarization radiation unit 20. In addition, the output port of the phase shift circuit 12 includes two output ports of different polarizations, such as +45° polarization and -45° polarization, and the two output ports of different polarizations are correspondingly electrically connected to the two first transmission lines 131 of the first adapter board 13.

[0063] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the number of the second adapter plates 30 is multiple, and the multiple second adapter plates 30 are connected and arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple first adapter plates 13 .

[0064] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, a plurality of radiation units 20 are arranged in an array. Among them, a connection point for connecting with the radiation unit 20 is provided on the second transmission line 31, and the connection point is located at the end of the second transmission line 31, for example. Since the second transmission line 31 and the connection point can be flexibly adjusted on the second adapter plate 30. When the position of the connection point is adjusted, the arrangement position of the radiation unit 20 on the reflector 40 can be adjusted accordingly. Specifically, when the connection points are coaxially arranged, the plurality of radiation units 20 constituting the array are correspondingly coaxially arranged on the reflector 40; when the connection points are not coaxially arranged, the plurality of radiation units 20 constituting the array are correspondingly non-coaxially arranged on the reflector 40.

[0065] See also Figure 8 and Fig. 9 In some embodiments, the length and width of the two first transmission lines 131 of the first adapter plate 13 are consistent, and the length and width of the two second transmission lines 31 of the second adapter plate 30 are consistent.

[0066] In addition, for each first transmission line 131 on different first adapter plates 13, the length and width of each first transmission line 131 can be the same or different, and can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs; similarly, for each second transmission line 31 on different second adapter plates 30, the length and width of each second transmission line 31 can be the same or different, and can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs. In this way, different phase changes and impedance matching can be achieved, and the shaping and design of the array antenna are more flexible, and the applicable scenarios are wider.

[0067] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0068] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0069] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0070] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, etc., or similar descriptions appear, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0071] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0072] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0073] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A phase shifter, characterized in that: The phase shifter comprises: A cavity, wherein an insertion hole communicating with the interior of the cavity is provided on a side wall of the cavity, and a first grounding layer is also provided on the side wall of the cavity; a phase shift circuit, the phase shift circuit being disposed inside the cavity and having an output port; and A first adapter board, wherein the first adapter board is provided with a first transmission line and a second grounding layer, the first transmission line and the second grounding layer are respectively arranged on two opposite side surfaces of the first adapter board, the first adapter board extends into the cavity through the insertion hole, the first transmission line is electrically connected to the output port, and the second grounding layer is electrically connected to the first grounding layer.

2. The phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole wall of the insertion hole is in contact with the plate surface of the first adapter plate; or, a spacing is provided between the hole wall of the insertion hole and the plate surface of the first adapter plate, the plate thickness of the first adapter plate is d, and the spacing is ≤2d and greater than 0.

3. The phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that The first transmission line is connected to the output port by welding, clamping, abutting or using fasteners; and / or the second grounding layer is connected to the first grounding layer by welding, clamping, abutting or using fasteners.

4. The phase shifter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side wall of the cavity is also provided with an operation port communicating with the interior thereof, and the operation port is arranged opposite to the output port.

5. The phase shifter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The operation port is located on one side of the first adapter plate.

6. The phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that The phase shift circuit is a dual-polarization phase shift circuit, the output port includes two output ports with different polarizations, there are two first transmission lines on the first adapter board, and the two first transmission lines are electrically connected to the two output ports with different polarizations in a one-to-one correspondence.

7. The phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that The phase shifter further comprises two phase shifting dielectric plates movably arranged inside the cavity, and the two phase shifting dielectric plates are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the phase shifting circuit.

8. A base station antenna, characterized in that: The base station antenna comprises the phase shifter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the base station antenna further comprises a radiation unit, and the first transmission line is electrically connected to the radiation unit.

9. The base station antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The base station antenna also includes a second adapter board, the second adapter board is provided with a second transmission line and a third ground layer, the second transmission line and the third ground layer are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the second adapter board; the second adapter board is connected to the first adapter board, the first transmission line is electrically connected to the radiation arm of the radiation unit through the second transmission line, the balun of the radiation unit is electrically connected to the third ground layer, and the third ground layer is also electrically connected to the second ground layer.

10. The base station antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The base station antenna also includes a reflector; the second adapter plate and the radiation unit are both located above the reflector, and the second adapter plate is attached to the reflector; the first adapter plate passes through the reflector and is connected to the second adapter plate; the cavity is located below the reflector.

11. The base station antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that: There are multiple radiation units, multiple first adapter plates, and multiple second adapter plates; multiple first adapter plates are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple second adapter plates, and multiple second adapter plates are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple radiation units; there are multiple insertion holes and they are arranged in sequence at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the cavity, and multiple first adapter plates are also arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple insertion holes; the phase shifting circuit is provided with multiple output ports, and multiple first adapter plates are also arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple output ports.

12. The base station antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that: The plurality of radiation units are arranged in an array, and the plurality of radiation units constituting the array are coaxially arranged or non-coaxially arranged on the reflection plate.

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