Medicine for preventing and treating stem rot of lonicera macranthoides seed seedlings as well as preparation and application of medicine

Abstract

The invention discloses a medicine for preventing and treating stem rot of lonicera macranthoides seed seedlings as well as preparation and application of the medicine. The medicine is mainly prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of metalaxyl, 25-35 parts of hymexazol, 8-12 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2-4 parts of silicon dioxide and 1-3 parts of auxiliaries. The composition for preventing and treating basal rot of the lonicera macranthoides seed seedlings has bidirectional conduction performance, and can be beneficial to thickening of radicle epidermis cell walls of the lonicera macranthoides seed seedlings, thickening of stem and leaf surface cell walls and increase of cuticles to form a firm protection layer, so that pathogenic bacteria are difficult to invade, and the invasion probability of pathogenic bacteria is reduced. The composition for preventing and treating basal rot of lonicera macranthoides seed seedlings has the effects of promoting growth and development of lonicera confusa root systems, rooting and strengthening seedlings, and can effectively inhibit normal growth of basal rot pathogenic fungus mycelia or directly kill germs. Therefore, the control effect is improved, and finally, the harm of basal rot to lonicera macranthoides seedlings is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant disease control technology, specifically to a drug for controlling stem base rot in Lonicera japonica seedlings and its preparation and application. Background Technology

[0002] For the cultivation of Lonicera japonica (also known as mountain honeysuckle or grey felt honeysuckle), the main seedlings used in production are cuttings and grafted seedlings. However, both cuttings and grafted seedlings generally suffer from weak growth, severe pest and disease problems, and rapid degeneration in the later stages. Seedlings, due to their vigorous growth, strong resistance, high yield, and long lifespan, have become the preferred seedlings in mountain honeysuckle production areas.

[0003] Stem base rot is one of the most serious diseases affecting *Lonicera japonica* seedlings. It primarily affects the base of the stem, 5-10 cm above the ground, and typically occurs when the seedlings have 3-6 leaves. In the early stages of infection, dark brown, water-soaked lesions appear at the stem base. The cortex softens, rots, and cracks, easily separating from the xylem, which appears brownish in cross-section. When climatic and environmental conditions are suitable for disease development, the lesions rapidly encircle the stem base and expand in both vertical and horizontal directions until the entire plant wilts and dies. The incidence rate of stem base rot is generally around 20%, but can exceed 80% in severe years, significantly impacting seed propagation and seedling production. The optimal temperature for the pathogen's growth is 24-30℃, with humidity levels above 80%. The optimal temperature for sporulation is 28–32℃, the optimal temperature for spore germination is 20–30℃, the optimal pH for mycelial growth is 5–11, the optimal pH for sporulation is 3–10, and the optimal pH for spore germination is 5–9. Disease typically begins in early March, with severe outbreaks occurring in March and April. Currently, there are almost no methods specifically targeting *Lonicera japonica* seedlings for controlling stem rot. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a drug for preventing and controlling stem rot in Lonicera japonica seedlings, as well as its preparation and application. This composition can effectively inhibit the normal growth of mycelium of the pathogenic fungus causing stem rot in Lonicera japonica seedlings or directly kill the pathogen.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A drug for controlling stem base rot in Lonicera japonica seedlings is made from the following components in parts by weight: 4-9 parts metalaxyl, 25-35 parts hymexazol, 8-12 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-4 parts silicon dioxide, and 1-3 parts pesticide adjuvant.

[0007] Furthermore, the pesticide adjuvant is any one or more of the following: wetting and dispersing agent, thickener, anti-caking agent, and defoamer.

[0008] Furthermore, the weight ratio of wetting and dispersing agent, thickener, anti-caking agent and defoamer in the pesticide adjuvant is (0-20):(0-2):1:(0-3).

[0009] Furthermore, the drug for preventing stem rot of Lonicera japonica seedlings is made from the following components by weight percentage: metalaxyl 4-9%, hymexazol 25-35%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 8-12%, silica 2-4%, wetting and dispersing agent 1-2%, thickener 0.1-0.2%, anti-caking agent 0.5-1.2%, defoamer 0.1-0.3%, with the remainder made up to 100% by water.

[0010] Furthermore, the wetting and dispersing agent is any one or more of sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfosuccinate, alkyl aryl polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene ether, calcium lignosulfonate, or calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; the thickener is any one of xanthan gum, magnesium aluminum silicate, or gelatin; the anti-caking agent is any one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or glycerol; and the defoamer is any one of silicone defoamers.

[0011] A method for preparing a drug to control stem base rot in Lonicera japonica seedlings includes the following steps:

[0012] S1. According to the formula, take out each component for later use. Among them, mix the cymoxanil, hymexazol, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and silicon dioxide in advance to obtain the raw drug for later use.

[0013] S2. First, put water, antifreeze, wetting and dispersing agent and part of defoamer into ZMD-550 laboratory dispersion mill and shear for 3-5 minutes.

[0014] S3. Then put some of the thickener and the original drug (add a small amount of preservative if necessary) into the ZMD-550 laboratory dispersion mill mentioned above, and continue shearing for 5 to 10 minutes.

[0015] S4. Transfer the material obtained after shearing in step S3 to another laboratory dispersion mill for sand milling. The sand milling time is 1.0 to 1.5 hours, and the particle size is controlled to D90≤5μm (meaning that 90% of the particles are smaller or larger than 5μm).

[0016] S5. After sand milling, filter the zirconium beads, then add the remaining thickener and defoamer, and shear evenly to obtain the suspension of the drug.

[0017] Furthermore, the defoamer used in step S2 accounts for one-half to two-thirds of the total amount of defoamer; the thickener used in step S2 accounts for one-quarter to two-thirds of the total amount of defoamer.

[0018] Furthermore, in the dispersion mill described in step S4, the ratio of material quantity to zirconium bead quantity is 1:1.2.

[0019] The above-mentioned drug is used to control stem base rot in Lonicera japonica seedlings. The method of application is as follows: take the drug and dilute it with water 1000-1500 times to prepare a spray solution. Then, when the Lonicera japonica seedlings have 4-6 leaves, spray the spray solution on the roots and leaves of Lonicera japonica. Continue spraying after 7-10 days, for a total of 3-4 times.

[0020] Furthermore, the spraying time is before 10:00 AM or at 3:00 PM.

[0021] In the raw materials used in this invention:

[0022] Metalaxyl is a highly effective, low-toxicity, low-residue, systemic fungicide that inhibits fungal protein synthesis. It has strong systemic and penetrating power, allowing for bidirectional translocation within the plant within 30 minutes of application. The fungicide is resistant to rain washout. It provides both protection and treatment for diseased plants, with a long-lasting effect of 10-14 days. The chemical structure of metalaxyl is as follows:

[0023]

[0024] Hymexazoline is a new generation of fungicide, a systemic, highly effective, low-toxicity, and low-residue pesticide and soil disinfectant, and also a plant growth regulator. Hymexazoline has a high control effect on plant diseases caused by various pathogenic fungi. It effectively inhibits the normal growth of pathogenic fungal mycelium or directly kills the pathogens, and promotes root growth and development, resulting in strong seedlings. Furthermore, it has extremely high penetration; it can reach the stem within two hours and the entire plant within 20 hours. The chemical structure of hymexazoline is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] Potassium fertilizer promotes the tight and orderly arrangement of epidermal cells in the young roots of Lonicera japonica, thickening the cell walls and effectively hindering the invasion of pathogens. Furthermore, potassium-fertilized plant cells possess abundant Golgi apparatus, which can produce large amounts of secretions to degrade mycelia.

[0027] Silicon fertilizer can increase the mechanical strength of Lonicera japonica stems, enhance plant aeration, and improve the crop's resistance to drought, cold, and low temperatures. After absorbing silicon, plants can form silicified cells, which thicken the cell walls of the stem and leaf surface, increase the cuticle, and form a strong protective layer that makes it difficult for pathogens to invade.

[0028] In this invention, the components of the drug for controlling stem rot in *Lonicera japonica* seedlings include: metalaxyl, which inhibits fungal protein synthesis, causing nutrient deficiency and death due to impaired growth; oxadixyl, which effectively inhibits the normal growth of pathogenic fungal mycelium or directly kills the pathogen, and promotes root growth and development, resulting in strong seedlings; potassium fertilizer, which promotes tight and orderly arrangement of epidermal cells in young *Lonicera japonica* roots, thickening of cell walls, and effectively hinders pathogen invasion; and silicon fertilizer, which increases the mechanical strength of *Lonicera japonica* stems, enhances plant aeration, and improves the crop's resistance to drought, cold, and low temperatures.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0030] This invention relates to a composition for controlling basal rot in *Lonicera japonica* seedlings. This composition exhibits bidirectional conductivity, promoting thickening of the epidermal cell walls in young roots and the surface cell walls of stems and leaves, as well as increasing the cuticle layer. This forms a robust protective layer, making it difficult for pathogens to invade and reducing the probability of pathogen invasion. The composition also promotes root growth and development, resulting in stronger seedlings, and effectively inhibits the normal growth of the mycelium of the basal rot pathogen or directly kills the pathogen. This improves the control effect and ultimately reduces the damage caused by basal rot to *Lonicera japonica* seedlings. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a drug to prevent stem base rot in honeysuckle seedlings, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1. The drug for preventing stem rot of Lonicera japonica seedlings is made from the following raw materials in weight percentage: metalaxyl 5%, hymexazol 30%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10%, silica 3%, alkyl aryl polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene ether 1.5%, xanthan gum 0.15%, ethylene glycol 0.1%, defoamer 0.2%, and water to 100% (i.e., water is 50.05%). Take each component according to the above formula and set aside. Among them, metalaxyl, hymexazol, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and silica are mixed in advance to obtain the raw drug for later use.

[0036] S2. First, put water, ethylene glycol, alkyl aryl polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene ether and half of the defoamer into a ZMD-550 laboratory dispersion mill and shear for 4 minutes.

[0037] S3. Place half of the xanthan gum and the original drug into the ZMD-550 laboratory dispersion mill mentioned above, and continue shearing for 8 minutes.

[0038] S4. Transfer the material obtained after shearing in step S3 to another laboratory dispersion mill for sand milling. The ratio of material to zirconium beads in the laboratory dispersion mill is 1:1.2, the sand milling time is 1.2h, and the particle size is controlled to D90≤5μm.

[0039] S5. After sand milling, filter the zirconium beads, then add the remaining xanthan gum and the remaining defoamer, and shear evenly to obtain the suspension of the drug.

[0040] The application method of the above-mentioned drug suspension in the control of stem base rot in Lonicera japonica seedlings is as follows: Dilute the above-mentioned drug suspension with water 1500 times to prepare a spray solution. When the Lonicera japonica seedlings have 4 leaves, spray the spray solution onto the roots and leaves of Lonicera japonica. Repeat the spraying once after 5 days, and repeat the spraying once after 5 days, for a total of 3 times. Spraying should be carried out before 10:00 AM.

[0041] Example 2:

[0042] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a drug to prevent stem base rot in Lonicera japonica seedlings, comprising the following steps:

[0043] S1. The drug for preventing stem rot of Lonicera japonica seedlings is made from the following raw materials in weight percentage: metalaxyl 8%, hymexazol 25%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 8%, silica 2%, alkyl aryl polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene ether 1.8%, xanthan gum 0.13%, ethylene glycol 0.1%, defoamer 0.15%, and water to 100% (i.e., water is 54.82%). Take each component according to the above formula and set aside. Among them, metalaxyl, hymexazol, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and silica are mixed in advance to obtain the raw drug for later use.

[0044] S2. First, put water, ethylene glycol, alkyl aryl polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene ether and half of the defoamer into a ZMD-550 laboratory dispersion mill and shear for 4 minutes.

[0045] S3. Place half of the xanthan gum and the original drug into the ZMD-550 laboratory dispersion mill mentioned above, and continue shearing for 8 minutes.

[0046] S4. Transfer the material obtained after shearing in step S3 to another laboratory dispersion mill for sand milling. The ratio of material to zirconium beads in the laboratory dispersion mill is 1:1.2, the sand milling time is 1.2h, and the particle size is controlled to D90≤5μm.

[0047] S5. After sand milling, filter the zirconium beads, then add the remaining xanthan gum and the remaining defoamer, and shear evenly to obtain the suspension of the drug.

[0048] The application method of the above-mentioned drug suspension in the control of stem base rot in Lonicera japonica seedlings is as follows: Dilute the above-mentioned drug suspension with water 1000 times to prepare a spray solution. When the Lonicera japonica seedlings have 5 leaves, spray the spray solution onto the roots and leaves of Lonicera japonica. Repeat the spraying once after 5 days, and repeat the spraying once after 5 days, for a total of 3 times. Spraying should be carried out after 3 pm.

[0049] Example 3:

[0050] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a drug to prevent stem base rot in Lonicera japonica seedlings, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1. The drug for preventing stem rot of Lonicera japonica seedlings is made from the following raw materials in weight percentage: metalaxyl 5%, hymexazol 25%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10%, silica 1.5%, alkyl aryl polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene ether 1.5%, xanthan gum 0.15%, ethylene glycol 0.1%, defoamer 0.15%, and water to 100% (i.e., water is 50.05%). Take each component according to the above formula and set aside. Among them, metalaxyl, hymexazol, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and silica are mixed in advance to obtain the raw drug for later use.

[0052] S2. First, put water, ethylene glycol, alkyl aryl polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene ether and half of the defoamer into a ZMD-550 laboratory dispersion mill and shear for 4 minutes.

[0053] S3. Place half of the xanthan gum and the original drug into the ZMD-550 laboratory dispersion mill mentioned above, and continue shearing for 8 minutes.

[0054] S4. Transfer the material obtained after shearing in step S3 to another laboratory dispersion mill for sand milling. The ratio of material to zirconium beads in the laboratory dispersion mill is 1:1.2, the sand milling time is 1.2h, and the particle size is controlled to D90≤5μm.

[0055] S5. After sand milling, filter the zirconium beads, then add the remaining xanthan gum and the remaining defoamer, and shear evenly to obtain the suspension of the drug.

[0056] The application method of the above-mentioned drug suspension in the control of stem base rot in Lonicera japonica seedlings is as follows: Dilute the above-mentioned drug suspension with water 1000 times to prepare a spray solution. When the Lonicera japonica seedlings have 6 leaves, spray the spray solution onto the roots and leaves of Lonicera japonica. Repeat the spraying once after 5 days, and repeat the spraying once after 5 days, for a total of 3 times. Spraying should be carried out after 3 pm.

[0057] Experimental Example

[0058] The *Lonicera macrantha* seedlings in the early stage of disease were divided into experimental areas and blank control areas (CK). Following the application method of the drug used in the examples for controlling stem rot in *Lonicera macrantha* seedlings, the spray solutions from Examples 1-3 were sprayed onto the roots and leaves of the *Lonicera macrantha* seedlings in the experimental areas at the early stage of stem rot. The *Lonicera macrantha* seedlings in the blank control area were not treated. After 20 days, the disease index of each experimental area and the disease index of the blank control area were calculated, and the control effect was determined. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0059] Table 1. Field control efficacy of pesticides against seedling base rot of *Lonicera macrantha* in Examples 1-3.

[0060]

[0061] Control efficacy in the experimental area (%) = (Seedling mortality rate in the control area - Seedling mortality rate in the control area) / (Seedling mortality rate in the control area) × 100%. Seedling mortality rate (%) = (Number of seedlings before control - Number of seedlings after control) / Number of seedlings before control × 100%.

[0062] As shown in Table 1, after spraying the seedlings of *Lonicera japonica* in the experimental area at the early stage of stem rot with the spray solution prepared by the drug described in Examples 1-3, the survival rate of the seedlings 20 days later was significantly higher than that of the blank control area (CK) without the spray solution described in Examples 1-3, with an increase of more than 10 times. Therefore, it can be seen that the drug for controlling stem rot of *Lonicera japonica* seedlings described in this invention has a good control effect on stem rot of *Lonicera japonica* seedlings.

[0063] Other aspects of this invention that are not detailed herein are all conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art.

[0064] It should be noted that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0065] The scope of protection of this invention is not limited to the technical solutions disclosed in the specific embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A drug for preventing and treating the stem base rot of honeysuckle seedlings, characterized in that: The pesticide is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 4-9 parts of metalaxyl, 25-35 parts of meconium chloride, 8-12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-4 parts of silicon dioxide and 1-3 parts of pesticide adjuvant.

2. The composition for preventing and treating the stem base rot of honeysuckle seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pesticide adjuvant is any one or more of a wetting and dispersing agent, a thickener, an anti-caking agent, and a defoaming agent.

3. The drug for preventing and treating the stem base rot of honeysuckle seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the wetting and dispersing agent, the thickening agent, the anti-caking agent and the defoaming agent in the pesticide adjuvant is (0-20):(0-2):1:(0-3).

4. The drug for preventing and treating the stem base rot of honeysuckle seedlings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 4-9% of metalaxyl, 25-35% of meconium chloride, 8-12% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-4% of silicon dioxide, 1-2% of wetting and dispersing agent, 0.1-0.2% of thickener, 0.5-1.2% of anti-caking agent, 0.1-0.3% of defoaming agent, and the rest is supplemented by water to 100%.

5. The drug for preventing and treating the stem base rot of honeysuckle seedlings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wetting and dispersing agent is any one or more of sodium methylene naphthalene sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfosuccinate, alkylaryl polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene ether, calcium lignin sulfonate or calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; the thickener is any one of xanthan gum, magnesium aluminum silicate, and gelatin; the anti-caking agent is any one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerol; and the defoaming agent is any one of silicone defoaming agents.

6. The method for preparing the drug for preventing and treating the stem base rot of Lonicera japonica seedlings as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. According to the formula, take each component for use, wherein froxazolidinone, benomyl, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and silicon dioxide are mixed in advance to obtain the original drug for use; S2. First, put water, antifreeze, wetting dispersant and part of defoamer into the dispersing sand mill and shear for 3 to 5 minutes; S3. Put part of the thickener and the original drug into the above-mentioned dispersed sand mill and continue shearing for 5 to 10 minutes; S4. The material obtained by shearing in step S3 is transferred to another dispersed sand mill for sand grinding, the sand grinding time is 1.0 to 1.5 h, and the particle size is controlled to be D90≤5μm; S5. After the sand milling is completed, the zirconium beads are filtered, and the remaining thickener and the remaining defoamer are added and sheared evenly to obtain the suspension of the drug.

7. The method for preparing the drug for preventing and treating the stem base rot of honeysuckle seedlings as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The defoaming agent used in step S2 accounts for one half to two thirds of the total amount of the defoaming agent used; the thickening agent used in step S2 accounts for one quarter to two thirds of the total amount of the defoaming agent used.

8. The method for preparing the drug for preventing and treating the stem base rot of honeysuckle seedlings as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: In the dispersion sand mill described in step S4, the material amount: zirconium bead amount = 1:1.

2.

9. Use of the drug according to any one of claims 2 to 5 in preventing and treating stem base rot of Lonicera japonica seedlings, characterized in that: The application method is: take the drug and add water to dilute it 1000-1500 times to prepare a spray solution, then spray the spray solution on the roots and leaves of the gray felt honeysuckle when the gray felt honeysuckle seedlings have 4-6 leaves, and then continue spraying at intervals of 7-10 days, for 3-4 times in succession.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The spraying time is before 10 am or 3 pm.

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