Repair method for external coating of railway vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a repairing method for an external coating of a railway vehicle. The external coating of the railway vehicle sequentially comprises a primer layer, a putty layer, a middle coating and a finish paint layer from inside to outside from a substrate layer. The repairing method comprises the following steps that S1, surface stains are cleaned; s2, the damaged coating is polished, and a polished area is formed; s3, the outer side of the polishing area is wrapped with a covering from the edge of the polishing area; and S4, the polishing area is repaired according to the damage depth of the damage coating, and repairing comprises paint spraying and light source curing. Through paint spraying repair, a power source is not needed, paint mixing is not needed, procedures are simplified, construction is convenient, and the material and labor cost can be remarkably reduced; a portable light source irradiation mode is adopted, rapid curing is achieved, the production period is shortened, and therefore the overall production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicle repair, and in particular to a method for repairing an external coating of a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] After the exterior coating of a bus is completed, scratches and bumps may occur during the assembly, unloading and transportation of the vehicle. Due to the particularity of painting, the location and environment of paint repair have a great impact on the repair work, resulting in a relatively long repair cycle. At the same time, paint repair involves the unloading and factory time of the vehicle, and the repair cost is relatively high; at the customer's site, due to factors such as the repair site and time constraints, manpower and material resources are wasted. Summary of the invention

[0003] In response to the problems pointed out in the background technology, some embodiments provide a method for repairing the exterior coating of a rail vehicle to solve the problem in the prior art that when the exterior coating of a passenger car is scratched or bumped, the repair cost is relatively high due to factors such as repair site and time limitations.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for repairing an external coating of a rail vehicle, wherein the external coating of the rail vehicle includes a primer layer, a putty layer, a mid-coat layer and a topcoat layer in order from the inside to the outside of a substrate layer;

[0006] The repair method includes the following steps:

[0007] S1, cleaning surface stains;

[0008] S2, grinding the damaged coating to form a grinding area;

[0009] S3, wrapping the covering material from the edge of the polishing area to the outside of the polishing area;

[0010] S4, repairing the polished area according to the damage depth of the damaged coating, wherein the repairing includes spraying paint and light source curing.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S2, the grinding treatment area includes an area extending outward from the edge of the damaged coating by 30 to 80 mm.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S2, after the damaged coating is polished to form a polished area, the process further includes:

[0013] The edge of the grinding area is ground to form a slope surface, wherein the inclination angle of the slope surface is α, 0<α≤45°.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the distance between the outer edge of the covering and the inner edge of the covering is 100-500 mm.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S4, repairing the polished area according to the damage depth of the damaged coating includes:

[0016] When the damage reaches the base material layer or when the damage reaches the primer layer, the primer layer, the putty layer, the middle coating layer and the topcoat layer are repaired in sequence;

[0017] When the damaged coating reaches the putty layer, the putty layer, the middle coating layer and the topcoat layer are repaired in sequence;

[0018] When the damaged coating reaches the middle coating, the middle coating and the top coating are repaired in sequence;

[0019] When the damaged coating reaches the topcoat layer, the topcoat layer is repaired.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the repairing of the primer layer includes:

[0021] Spray the primer so that the thickness of the primer sprayed is consistent with the thickness of the original primer layer;

[0022] irradiating the primer with a light source for a first preset time to cure the primer;

[0023] Sand and clean the cured primer.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, the repairing of the putty layer includes:

[0025] Squeeze and scrape the putty to make the thickness of the putty consistent with the thickness of the original putty layer;

[0026] Keep the putty dry for a second preset time to allow it to solidify;

[0027] The solidified putty is sanded and cleaned.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present application, the repairing of the midcoat layer includes:

[0029] Spray the intermediate coating to make the thickness of the intermediate coating consistent with the thickness of the original intermediate coating;

[0030] irradiating the middle paint with a light source for a third preset time to cure the paint;

[0031] The cured mid-coat is sanded and cleaned.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, when the topcoat layer includes a basecoat layer, repairing the topcoat layer includes:

[0033] Spray the basecoat so that the thickness of the basecoat is consistent with the thickness of the original basecoat layer;

[0034] The sprayed base paint is irradiated with a light source for a fourth preset time to solidify it.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, when the topcoat layer includes a basecoat layer and a clearcoat layer;

[0036] If the clear coat layer is damaged, repairing the top coat layer includes: spraying clear coat so that the thickness of the clear coat is consistent with the thickness of the original clear coat layer;

[0037] If the base paint layer is damaged, the repair of the top paint layer includes:

[0038] Spray the basecoat so that the thickness of the basecoat is consistent with the thickness of the original basecoat layer;

[0039] irradiating the sprayed base paint with a light source for a fourth preset time to solidify the base paint;

[0040] Grind and clean the cured basecoat;

[0041] Spray varnish so that the thickness of the varnish is consistent with the thickness of the original varnish layer;

[0042] The sprayed varnish is irradiated with a light source for a fifth preset time to cure the varnish.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, the light source includes LED light.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the external coating of the rail vehicle includes a primer layer, a putty layer, a mid-coat layer and a topcoat layer in sequence from the substrate layer to the outside; the repair method includes the following steps: the first step is to clean the surface stains to prevent the stains from affecting the adhesion of the subsequent spray paint; the second step is to grind the damaged coating to improve the surface flatness; the third step is to wrap a covering material from the edge of the grinding area to the outside of the grinding area to prevent the paint mist formed when spraying the paint from contaminating other areas of the external coating; the fourth step is to repair the grinding area according to the damage depth of the damaged coating, and the repair includes paint repair and light source curing. The paint repair does not require a power source or paint mixing, which simplifies the process, facilitates construction, and can significantly reduce material and labor costs; the use of portable light source irradiation can achieve rapid curing, which is beneficial to shortening the construction period and improving overall production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0046] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the external coating of a rail vehicle provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a rail vehicle provided by the present invention in which the outer coating is damaged to the primer layer;

[0048] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a rail vehicle provided by the present invention in which the outer coating is damaged to the putty layer;

[0049] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a rail vehicle provided by the present invention in which the outer coating is damaged to the middle coating;

[0050] Figure 5 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the external coating of the rail vehicle provided by the present invention being damaged to the topcoat layer;

[0051] Figure 6 The second structural schematic diagram of the rail vehicle provided by the present invention in which the external coating of the rail vehicle is damaged to the top paint layer.

[0052] Description of reference numerals:

[0053] 1. Base material layer;

[0054] 2. Primer layer;

[0055] 3. Putty layer;

[0056] 4. Middle coating;

[0057] 5. Topcoat layer; 51. Basecoat layer; 52. Clearcoat layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0059] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples to realize different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the parts and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention can repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples, and this repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity, which itself does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present invention provides various specific examples of processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art can be aware of the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0060] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for repairing an exterior coating of a rail vehicle, Figure 1 As shown, the external coating of the rail vehicle includes a primer layer 2, a putty layer 3, a mid-coat layer 4 and a topcoat layer 5 in sequence from the base material layer 1 inside to outside.

[0061] The base material layer 1 of the rail vehicle is mainly made of metal material.

[0062] The repair method includes the following steps:

[0063] S1, clean the surface stains. Stains attached to the external coating will form a separation film, which will hinder the close combination of paint and coating, causing problems such as pinholes, bubbles, cracks or peeling of the paint, thereby affecting the adhesion of the paint and the overall quality.

[0064] Specifically, the surface stains of the external coating are mainly oil stains and dust, etc. The treatment of oil stains is mainly to wipe them with degreasing agents. Degreasing agents rely on the effects of surfactants and detergents to decompose oil stains into fine oil droplets, and then detach them from the coated surface.

[0065] The specific steps are as follows: Dip a piece of cleaning cloth in degreaser and wipe it to remove the oil on the surface, then immediately wipe it dry with another piece of cleaning cloth. The cleaning cloth must be made of cotton-free material to prevent lint from falling off during wiping.

[0066] After cleaning the surface stains of the external coating, S2 is performed to grind the damaged coating to form a grinding area.

[0067] When the external coating is damaged to the topcoat layer 5 or the coating area below (such as the middle coating layer 4, putty layer 3, primer layer 2, metal layer), and there are bubbling, cracks or bumps, use a grinder to grind to a complete coating. The grinding disc model of the grinder is P60~P80.

[0068] Specifically, if the outer coating is damaged to the topcoat layer 5 , it needs to be polished to the topcoat layer 5 .

[0069] If the outer coating is damaged to the middle coating 4, grinding to the middle coating 4 is required.

[0070] If the outer coating is damaged to the putty layer 3, it needs to be polished to the putty layer 3.

[0071] If the outer coating is damaged to the primer layer 2, it is necessary to sand down to the primer layer 2.

[0072] If the base material layer 1 is damaged, the base material layer 1 needs to be polished.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S2, before grinding the damaged coating to form a grinding area, the process further includes: inspecting the area and degree of the damaged coating.

[0074] Specifically, during the inspection, the damaged area can be determined by visual inspection with the help of light, touch or measurement with a ruler, so as to ensure that the scope of subsequent grinding treatment is reasonable and avoid the grinding range being too large or too small.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S2, the area range of the grinding treatment includes an outward extension length of 30 to 80 mm from the edge of the damaged coating, for example, the outward extension length is 30N40mm, 40 to 50mm, 50 to 60mm, 60 to 70mm, 70 to 80mm, so that the area of ​​the grinding zone is larger than the range of the damaged coating, which is conducive to more precise repair of the damaged coating.

[0076] Exemplarily, the polished area extends outward from the edge of the damaged coating by a length of 30 mm, 35 mm, 40 mm, 45 mm, 50 mm, 55 mm, 60 mm, 65 mm, 70 mm, 75 mm or 80 mm.

[0077] Specifically, by grinding, damaged coatings can be cleaned off, surface flatness can be improved, and the surface can be made smoother, so that the paint can be sprayed more evenly and without defects.

[0078] In addition, polishing can also increase the adhesion of the paint surface. The polished surface is rougher, which increases the bonding strength between the paint layer and the substrate, making the paint surface more solid and less likely to fall off.

[0079] After the damaged coating is polished, S3 is performed to wrap the covering material from the edge of the polished area toward the outside of the polished area.

[0080] Specifically, by wrapping the covering material from the edge of the grinding area to the outside of the grinding area, it is possible to prevent paint mist formed when spraying paint from contaminating other areas of the external coating.

[0081] The specific steps are as follows: start covering the edge of the grinding area with plastic film and tape, and the surrounding parts also need to be wrapped and protected to prevent paint mist contamination during repair.

[0082] After the edge of the polishing area begins to wrap the covering material toward the outside of the polishing area, S4 is performed to repair the polishing area according to the damage depth of the damaged coating, and the repair includes spray painting and light source curing.

[0083] Specifically, the primer, mid-coat and topcoat used for spray paint repair are all canned.

[0084] Specifically, the polished area is repaired according to the damage depth of the damaged coating. The repair includes paint repair and light source curing. The paint repair adopts a canned mode, which does not require a power source or paint mixing, simplifies the process, facilitates construction, and can significantly reduce material and labor costs.

[0085] At the same time, portable light source irradiation is used to achieve rapid curing, shortening the traditional single-layer paint film curing time of 24 hours to 1 to 3 minutes, greatly shortening the production cycle and achieving immediate repair of damage, thereby improving overall production efficiency.

[0086] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S2, after the damaged coating is polished to form a polished area, the following steps are further included:

[0087] The edge of the grinding area is ground to form a slope surface, wherein the inclination angle of the slope surface is α, 0<α≤45°.

[0088] Specifically, a slope surface is formed by grinding the edge of the grinding area to facilitate a smooth transition between the repaired part and the original coating. For example, the inclination angle of the slope surface is 0° to 10°, 10° to 20°, 20° to 30°, or 30° to 45°.

[0089] Exemplarily, the inclination angle of the slope surface is 5°, 6°, 7°, 8°, 9°, 10°, 15°, 18°, 20°, 22°, 25°, 28°, 30°, 35°, 40° or 45°, etc.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present application, the distance between the outer edge of the covering and the inner edge of the covering is 100-500 mm.

[0091] Specifically, by wrapping the covering from the edge of the grinding area to the outside of the grinding area, it is possible to prevent the paint mist formed when spraying the paint from contaminating other areas of the external coating. The distance between the outer edge of the covering and the inner edge of the covering is 100-200 mm, 200-300 mm, 300-400 mm, 400-500 mm.

[0092] Exemplarily, the distance between the outer edge of the covering and the inner edge of the covering is 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, 250 mm, 280 mm, 300 mm, 350 mm, 400 mm, 450 mm or 500 mm, etc.

[0093] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S4, repairing the polished area according to the damage depth of the damaged coating includes:

[0094] Combination Figure 2 As shown, when the damage reaches the base material layer 1 or when the damage reaches the primer layer 2, the depth of the damage is deep. During repair, it is necessary to repair the primer layer 2, putty layer 3, mid-coat layer 4 and topcoat layer 5 in sequence, so as to ensure that each layer of the external coating can be repaired.

[0095] Combination Figure 3 As shown, when the coating is damaged to the putty layer 3, the putty layer 3, the middle coating layer 4 and the topcoat layer 5 need to be repaired in sequence.

[0096] Combination Figure 4 As shown, when the coating is damaged to the middle coating 4, the middle coating 4 and the topcoat layer 5 need to be repaired in sequence.

[0097] Combination Figure 5 As shown, when the coating is damaged to the topcoat layer 5, the topcoat layer 5 needs to be repaired.

[0098] Specifically, by repairing the polished area according to the damage depth of the damaged coating, the integrity of the original external coating can be maintained to the greatest extent, which is conducive to ensuring that the effect after repair is similar to the original external coating, reducing repair traces, and maintaining the overall aesthetics of the rail vehicle.

[0099] At the same time, layered repair only repairs the damaged coating, avoiding unnecessary waste and saving time and cost.

[0100] In some embodiments of the present application, the repair of the primer layer 2 includes:

[0101] First, spray the primer so that the spray thickness of the primer is consistent with the thickness of the original primer layer 2.

[0102] Secondly, the primer is irradiated with a light source for a first preset time to solidify it.

[0103] Finally, the cured primer is sanded and cleaned.

[0104] Specifically, the primer is sprayed by spraying, and the paint is directly sprayed after the can is opened, without the need for a power source, so that quick repairs can be achieved.

[0105] Specifically, the primer layer 2 is the first layer sprayed onto the base material layer 1. Its main function is to protect the body of the rail vehicle. The primer can prevent the body from corrosion and oxidation, and extend the service life of the rail vehicle. At the same time, the primer layer 2 can fill in the tiny dents or scratches on the body, making the rail vehicle more beautiful in appearance.

[0106] Specifically, the first preset time is 30 to 120 seconds.

[0107] Exemplarily, the first preset time is 30s, 40s, 50s, 60s, 70s, 80s, 90s, 100s, 110s or 120s.

[0108] Specifically, when the cured primer is polished, a polishing machine is used for polishing, and the polishing machine is equipped with a P80 polishing disc.

[0109] In some embodiments of the present application, the repair of the putty layer 3 includes:

[0110] First, squeeze and scrape the putty to make the thickness of the putty consistent with the thickness of the original putty layer 3.

[0111] Secondly, keep the putty dry for a second preset time to allow it to solidify.

[0112] Finally, the cured putty is polished and cleaned.

[0113] Specifically, by squeezing and scraping putty, putty can fill small dents and uneven parts on the surface of the car body, ensure the surface is flat and smooth, and make the car body look neater and more beautiful. After polishing, putty can create a relatively flat surface, thereby improving the adhesion of the middle coating 4.

[0114] At the same time, the putty layer 3 plays a protective role in the repair process of the vehicle body, preventing the vehicle body from being further damaged during the repair process, and also helps to prevent the vehicle body from rusting and corrosion.

[0115] Specifically, the second preset time is 5 to 15 minutes.

[0116] Exemplarily, the second preset time is 5 min, 6 min, 7 min, 8 min, 9 min, 10 min, 12 min or 15 min.

[0117] It should be noted that when squeezing and scraping putty, each layer of putty needs to dry for the second preset time, and after the last layer of putty is dried and solidified, it can be polished. The polishing is carried out by a grinder equipped with a P240 grinding disc.

[0118] In some embodiments of the present application, the repair of the middle coating 4 includes:

[0119] First, spray the intermediate coating to make the thickness of the intermediate coating consistent with the thickness of the original intermediate coating 4;

[0120] Secondly, the middle paint is irradiated with a light source for a third preset time to solidify it;

[0121] Finally, the cured mid-coat is sanded and cleaned.

[0122] Specifically, the main function of the middle coating 4 is to strengthen the anti-corrosion protection, improve the adhesion of the topcoat, and set off the color of the topcoat.

[0123] Specifically, the third preset time is 30 to 120 seconds.

[0124] Exemplarily, the third preset time is 30s, 40s, 50s, 60s, 70s, 80s, 90s, 100s, 110s or 120s.

[0125] Specifically, when the cured mid-coat is polished, a polishing machine is used for polishing, and the polishing machine is equipped with a P240 polishing disc.

[0126] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 5 As shown, when the topcoat layer 5 only includes the base paint layer 51, the repair of the topcoat layer 5 includes:

[0127] First, the base paint is sprayed so that the thickness of the base paint is consistent with the thickness of the original base paint layer 51.

[0128] Then, the sprayed base paint is irradiated with a light source for a fourth preset time to solidify it.

[0129] Specifically, the base paint has a certain hardness and resistance to chipping, has a decorative effect, can display the color of the vehicle, enhance the appearance of the car, and through different colors and glosses, can show the unique personality and charm of the rail vehicle.

[0130] It should be noted that, when the topcoat layer 5 only includes the basecoat layer 51 , the basecoat layer 51 is in the outermost layer. At this time, after the basecoat layer 51 is cured, there is no need to polish the basecoat layer 51 .

[0131] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 6 As shown, when the topcoat layer 5 includes a basecoat layer 51 and a clearcoat layer 52:

[0132] If the varnish layer 52 is damaged, repairing the topcoat layer 5 includes spraying varnish so that the thickness of the varnish is consistent with the thickness of the original varnish layer 52 .

[0133] If the base paint layer 51 is damaged, the repair of the top paint layer 5 also includes:

[0134] First, the base paint is sprayed so that the thickness of the base paint is consistent with the thickness of the original base paint layer 51.

[0135] Secondly, the sprayed base paint is irradiated with a light source for a fourth preset time to solidify it.

[0136] Again, the cured basecoat is sanded and cleaned.

[0137] Again, spray the varnish so that the thickness of the varnish is consistent with the thickness of the original varnish layer 52 .

[0138] Finally, the sprayed varnish is irradiated with a light source for a fifth preset time to cure it.

[0139] Specifically, the varnish layer 52 on the base paint layer 51 can improve the brightness of the base paint layer 51 and protect the base paint layer 51 from damage.

[0140] Specifically, when the cured base paint is polished, a polishing machine is used for polishing, and the polishing machine is equipped with a P1000 polishing disc.

[0141] In some embodiments of the present application, the light source includes LED light.

[0142] Specifically, during curing, the blue light portion of the LED light is used for curing.

[0143] In the present application, the primer, mid-coat, basecoat and clearcoat are all packaged in cans, which are convenient for carrying and spraying during construction, and are cured by light curing.

[0144] Specifically, the self-spray can is mainly used. The above paint is a two-component paint. When the self-spray can is pressed, the curing agent and the main agent in the can are mixed to achieve rapid spraying. In addition, the light curing method takes less time than traditional chemical curing, and light curing is not limited by the site.

[0145] Example 1: A method for repairing the external coating of a rail vehicle. The external coating of a rail vehicle includes a primer layer, a putty layer, a mid-coat layer and a base paint layer in order from the base material layer to the inside and outside. When the primer layer is damaged, the repair method includes the following steps:

[0146] The first step is to dip a clean cloth into a neutral degreaser, wipe the surface of the damaged coating sprayed to remove oil stains, and wipe dry with another clean cloth.

[0147] The second step is to use a grinder to grind the damaged coating. The grinder uses P80 sandpaper and grinds to the primer layer. The grinding range is 50mm outside the damaged coating, and the edge of the grinding area is grinded into a slope with an inclination angle of 25°.

[0148] The third step is to wrap the plastic film from the edge of the polishing area to the outside of the polishing area and fix it with tape to prevent paint mist from contaminating the intact area during repair.

[0149] The fourth step is to spray the primer. The primer is cured by light curing mechanism so that the spray thickness of the primer is consistent with the thickness of the original primer layer, which is about 60 to 80 μm.

[0150] The primer is irradiated with an LED light source, wherein the blue light band in the LED light source is mainly used for curing. After irradiation for 2 minutes, the primer is polished with P60 sandpaper and dust is removed.

[0151] The fifth step is to squeeze and scrape the putty all over to make the thickness of the putty consistent with the thickness of the original putty layer. Squeeze and scrape the putty 2 to 3 times. After each layer of putty dries for 10 minutes, polish it. Use P240 grinding wheel for polishing. Remove dust after polishing.

[0152] The sixth step is to spray the mid-coat paint so that the thickness of the mid-coat paint is consistent with the thickness of the original mid-coat.

[0153] The mid-coat paint is irradiated with LED light source, wherein the blue light band in the LED light source is mainly used for curing. After irradiation for 2 minutes, the mid-coat paint is polished with P240 sandpaper and dust is removed.

[0154] The seventh step is to spray the basecoat so that the thickness of the basecoat is consistent with the thickness of the original basecoat layer.

[0155] The sprayed base paint is irradiated with an LED light source, wherein the blue light band in the LED light source is mainly used for curing. The base paint is completely cured after 2 minutes of irradiation, and the repair is completed.

[0156] The above-mentioned primer adopts epoxy resin, the putty adopts unsaturated polyester resin, and the base paint and mid-coat adopt polyurethane; among which, the curing mechanism of the primer, mid-coat and base paint is light curing.

[0157] Example 2: A method for repairing the external coating of a rail vehicle. The external coating of a rail vehicle includes a primer layer, a putty layer, a mid-coat layer and a base paint layer in order from the base material layer to the inside and outside. When the mid-coat layer is damaged, the repair method includes the following steps:

[0158] The first step is to dip a clean cloth into a neutral degreaser, wipe the surface of the damaged coating sprayed to remove oil stains, and wipe dry with another clean cloth.

[0159] In the second step, the damaged coating is polished with a grinder using P80 sandpaper to polish to the middle coating. The polishing range is 50 mm outside the damaged coating, and the edge of the polishing area is polished into a slope with an inclination angle of 25°.

[0160] The third step is to wrap the plastic film from the edge of the polishing area to the outside of the polishing area and fix it with tape to prevent paint mist from contaminating the intact area during repair.

[0161] The fourth step is to spray the mid-coat paint so that the thickness of the mid-coat paint is consistent with the thickness of the original mid-coat.

[0162] The mid-coat paint is irradiated with LED light source, wherein the blue light band in the LED light source is mainly used for curing. After irradiation for 2 minutes, the mid-coat paint is polished with P240 sandpaper and dust is removed.

[0163] The fifth step is to spray the base coat by spraying. The base coat used is a polyurethane paint, so that the thickness of the base coat is consistent with the thickness of the original base coat layer.

[0164] The sprayed base paint is irradiated with an LED light source, wherein the blue light band in the LED light source is mainly used for curing. The base paint is completely cured after 2 minutes of irradiation, and the repair is completed.

[0165] The above-mentioned mid-coat and basecoat are made of polyurethane, and the curing mechanism of the mid-coat and basecoat is light curing.

[0166] Comparative Example 1: Compared with Example 1, the damaged coatings of the two are consistent, but the traditional spray paint repair method is used in the paint spray room; and in this comparative example, the curing mechanism of the primer, mid-coat and basecoat is chemical curing.

[0167] Comparative Example 2: Compared with Example 2, the damaged coatings of the two are consistent, but the traditional spray paint repair method is used in the paint spray room; and in this comparative example, the curing mechanism of the midcoat and the basecoat is chemical curing.

[0168] The construction period and construction conditions in Examples 1 to 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 are shown in the following table:

[0169] Table 1 shows the construction period and construction condition requirements of different embodiments and comparative examples

[0170]

[0171] It can be seen from Table 1 that when the damage reaches the primer layer, the construction period of Example 1 is 1.5h; while the construction period of Comparative Example 1 is 72h. It can be seen that the paint repair method using LED light source curing can greatly shorten the construction period; the paint repair method using LED light source curing has lower requirements on construction conditions, while the traditional chemical curing repair method requires a power source, electricity, a spray gun, and a dedicated paint spraying station for construction, and the construction conditions are harsh.

[0172] The light source curing paint repair method does not require a power source or paint mixing during spray paint repair, which simplifies the process, facilitates construction, and can significantly reduce material and labor costs. It uses portable light source irradiation to achieve rapid curing, which is beneficial to shorten the construction period and improve overall production efficiency.

[0173] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0174] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for repairing the external coating of a rail vehicle, characterized in that: The external coating of rail vehicles includes a primer layer, a putty layer, a mid-coat layer and a topcoat layer from the base material layer in order from the inside to the outside; The repair method includes the following steps: S1, cleaning surface stains; S2, grinding the damaged coating to form a grinding area; S3, wrapping the covering material from the edge of the polishing area to the outside of the polishing area; S4, repairing the polished area according to the damage depth of the damaged coating, wherein the repairing includes spraying paint and light source curing.

2. The method for repairing the outer coating of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the grinding treatment area includes an area extending outward from the edge of the damaged coating by 30 to 80 mm.

3. The method for repairing the outer coating of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, after the damaged coating is polished to form a polished area, the method further includes: The edge of the grinding area is ground to form a slope surface, wherein the inclination angle of the slope surface is α, 0<α≤45°.

4. The method for repairing the outer coating of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the outer edge of the covering and the inner edge of the covering is 100-500 mm.

5. The method for repairing the outer coating of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, repairing the polished area according to the damage depth of the damaged coating includes: When the damage reaches the base material layer or when the damage reaches the primer layer, the primer layer, the putty layer, the middle coating layer and the topcoat layer are repaired in sequence; When the damaged coating reaches the putty layer, the putty layer, the middle coating layer and the topcoat layer are repaired in sequence; When the damaged coating reaches the middle coating, the middle coating and the top coating are repaired in sequence; When the damaged coating reaches the topcoat layer, the topcoat layer is repaired.

6. The method for repairing the outer coating of a rail vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The repair of the primer layer includes: Spray the primer so that the thickness of the primer sprayed is consistent with the thickness of the original primer layer; irradiating the primer with a light source for a first preset time to cure the primer; Sand and clean the cured primer.

7. The method for repairing the outer coating of a rail vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The repairing of the putty layer includes: Squeeze and scrape the putty to make the thickness of the putty consistent with the thickness of the original putty layer; Keep the putty dry for a second preset time to allow it to solidify; The solidified putty is sanded and cleaned.

8. The method for repairing the outer coating of a rail vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The repair of the intermediate coating includes: Spray the intermediate coating to make the thickness of the intermediate coating consistent with the thickness of the original intermediate coating; irradiating the middle paint with a light source for a third preset time to cure the paint; The cured mid-coat is sanded and cleaned.

9. The method for repairing the outer coating of a rail vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the topcoat layer includes a basecoat layer, the repairing of the topcoat layer includes: Spray the basecoat so that the thickness of the basecoat is consistent with the thickness of the original basecoat layer; The sprayed base paint is irradiated with a light source for a fourth preset time to solidify it.

10. The method for repairing the outer coating of a rail vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the topcoat layer includes a basecoat layer and a clearcoat layer; If the clear coat layer is damaged, repairing the top coat layer includes: spraying clear coat so that the thickness of the clear coat is consistent with the thickness of the original clear coat layer; If the base paint layer is damaged, the repair of the top paint layer includes: Spray the basecoat so that the thickness of the basecoat is consistent with the thickness of the original basecoat layer; irradiating the sprayed base paint with a light source for a fourth preset time to solidify the base paint; Grind and clean the cured basecoat; Spray varnish so that the thickness of the varnish is consistent with the thickness of the original varnish layer; The sprayed varnish is irradiated with a light source for a fifth preset time to cure the varnish.

11. The method for repairing the outer coating of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light source includes LED light.

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