Drive axle shaft head nut tightening method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a drive axle shaft head nut tightening method and device, and relates to the technical field of nut tightening, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, presetting: pre-preparing the drive axle shaft head nut tightening device; according to the drive axle shaft head nut tightening method and equipment, through the special equipment integrating the functions of press fitting of a hub assembly, tightening of the shaft head nut and detection of the rotating torque, the yield of the clearance of an inner bearing and an outer bearing after the shaft head nut is tightened is increased, control over tightening of the shaft head nut by the torque is completely eliminated, and the production efficiency is improved. Displacement is only used as an evaluation index for finishing tightening, the clearance between the hub assembly and the inner bearing and the clearance between the hub assembly and the outer bearing can be ensured to be within a qualified interval as long as the friction coefficient of the shaft head nut is within any numerical value within a certain interval, and in addition, the screw pitch of the shaft head nut is 2 mm, and the angle of tightening equipment is controlled to be + / -1 degree. Therefore, the theoretical precision deviation interval of the displacement controlled by the tightening equipment is 10-12 microns, and the displacement control precision interval is improved to 1-3 microns.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nut tightening, and in particular to a method and equipment for tightening a nut on a drive axle shaft head. Background Art

[0002] The shaft head nut is located at the wheel end of the drive axle assembly and cooperates with the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing shaft on the outside of the wheel hub assembly. By tightening the shaft head nut, the clearance between the inner and outer bearings of the wheel hub assembly is adjusted to the ideal state and the inner ring of the outer bearing of the wheel hub assembly is prevented from falling out during vehicle operation. Therefore, unlike the tightening of conventional bolts and nuts, its main purpose is not to press the workpiece to prevent it from loosening, but the shaft head nut is to adjust the inner ring of the bearing to the specified position and limit it by pressing.

[0003] Currently, the industry still uses conventional bolt and nut tightening methods: torque control and torque angle methods. The torque control method directly tightens the nut to the set torque, while the torque angle method first tightens the nut to a lower torque and then tightens it to the set angle. After tightening, the wheel hub assembly's torque is tested to see if it meets the requirements. If not, the nut needs to be loosened or tightened based on the operator's experience. The nut is a key safety component of the vehicle, and its tightening torque is generally 800-1200 Nm, which is a relatively high torque. Both tightening schemes rely on torque control to a certain extent, and the set assembly torque is determined by process personnel based on a relatively ideal friction coefficient test. However, for non-precision traditional manufacturing industries, it is difficult to guarantee the stability and consistency of the friction coefficient and product quality of shaft nuts produced by different manufacturers and with different processing technologies. The qualified clearance range of the hub assembly bearing is only 40 microns. Therefore, regardless of the tightening method used in the tightening process, the qualified rate of the torque (the torque in the hub assembly is determined by the bearing clearance, so the torque can basically reflect the qualified degree of the bearing clearance) is still very low. Most of the industry relies on technical workers in key positions to make timely adjustments, resulting in a long process cycle and high dependence on experience.

[0004] For this reason, we propose a method and device for tightening a drive axle shaft head nut. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for tightening a drive axle shaft head nut to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for tightening a drive axle shaft head nut, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Preset, prepare the drive axle shaft head nut tightening equipment;

[0008] S2: Loading, pre-screw the shaft head nut 22 on the side wall of the shaft head body;

[0009] S3: Tighten. After step S2, the drive axle shaft head nut tightening device tightens the shaft head nut.

[0010] The camshaft is connected to the front connecting plate by a connecting rod and the rear connecting plate, and the camshaft is connected to the front connecting plate by a connecting rod.

[0011] Preferably, the first detection mechanism includes a torque support plate, and the torque support plate is connected to the side wall of the first movable plate through a moving mechanism, the side wall of the torque support plate is fixedly connected to a fixed ring, and the end of the fixed ring is rotatably connected to a rotating ring, the end of the rotating ring is fixedly connected to a plurality of wheel bolt connecting sleeves arranged in an array, and the rotation of the rotating ring is driven by the first driving mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, the second detection mechanism includes a displacement sensor sliding slot plate connected to the bottom of the rear connecting plate and the front connecting plate, and a sliding slot is provided on the top of the displacement sensor sliding slot plate, a sliding detection slider is slidingly connected in the sliding slot, and a displacement sensor is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the sliding detection slider.

[0013] Preferably, the pushing mechanism includes a ring rotatably connected to the side wall of the tightening shaft, and the side wall of the rod body is sleeved with a second movable plate, the second movable plate is rotatably connected to the side wall of the ring, and the side wall of the second movable plate is provided with two symmetrically arranged avoidance grooves, the side wall of the second movable plate is fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged positioning rings, and a shift driven gear is rotatably connected in each positioning ring, a key groove is provided at the end of the shift driven gear, and an annular groove is provided in the shift driven gear, each side wall of the rod body is fixedly connected with a short key, and the rotation of the shift driven gear is driven by the second driving mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the first driving mechanism includes a torque driven gear fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the rotating ring, and the top of the torque support plate is fixedly connected to a torque rotating motor, the output end of the torque rotating motor is fixedly connected to a torque driving gear, and the torque driving gear is meshed with the torque driven gear.

[0015] Preferably, the second driving mechanism includes a shift driving motor fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate, an output end of the shift driving motor is fixedly connected to a shift driving gear, and the shift driving gear is meshed with the shift driven gear.

[0016] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged first fixed plates fixed to the side walls of the first moving plate, and the side walls of each first fixed plate are fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged forward sliding linear rails, the torque support plate slides on the forward sliding linear rails, and the top of the first moving plate is fixedly connected to the second fixed plate, the top of the second fixed plate is fixedly connected to the forward torque detection motor, and the output end of the forward torque detection motor is fixedly connected to a threaded rod, the side walls of the threaded rod are threadedly connected to a threaded block, and the threaded block is fixed to the top of the torque support plate.

[0017] Preferably, the sliding mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged tightening shaft sliding linear rails fixedly connected to the side walls of each connecting block, two symmetrically arranged tightening shaft sliding fixing plates are slidably connected to the tightening shaft sliding linear rails, and the mounting plate is fixed to the side walls of the tightening shaft sliding fixing plates.

[0018] Preferably, a hoisting mechanism is provided on the top of the connecting plate and the front connecting plate, and the hoisting mechanism includes a connecting frame fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate and the front connecting plate, and a hanging connector is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention improves the qualified rate of the clearance of the inner bearing and the outer bearing after the shaft head nut is tightened by using a special device that integrates the functions of pressing the wheel hub assembly, tightening the shaft head nut, and detecting the rotational torque. It completely eliminates the control of torque on the tightening of the shaft head nut and only relies on displacement as the evaluation indicator for the completion of tightening, so that as long as the friction coefficient of the shaft head nut is within a certain range, the clearance between the wheel hub assembly and the inner bearing and the outer bearing can be guaranteed to be within the qualified range. In addition, since the pitch of the shaft head nut 22 is 2mm and the angle control of the tightening device is ±1°, the theoretical accuracy deviation range of controlling the displacement by the tightening device is 10 to 12 microns. The present invention improves the displacement control accuracy range to 1 to 3 microns. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from another perspective;

[0023] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the local structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second detection mechanism in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention showing the shaft head nut in a tightened state;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 9 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0030] In the figure: 1, connecting plate; 201, torque support plate; 202, fixing ring; 203, rotating ring; 204, wheel bolt connecting sleeve; 301, collar; 303, avoidance groove; 304, positioning ring; 305, shift driven gear; 306, second movable plate; 307, keyway; 308, annular groove; 309, short key; 401, first fixed plate; 402, forward sliding linear rail; 403, second fixed plate; 404, torque forward detection motor; 405, threaded rod; 406, threaded block; 501, torque driven gear; 502, torque rotating motor; 503, torque driving gear; 601, shift drive motor; 60 2. Shift driving gear; 701. Tightening shaft sliding linear rail; 702. Tightening shaft sliding fixing plate; 801. Connecting frame; 802. Hanging connector; 901. Displacement sensor sliding slot plate; 902. Sliding slot; 903. Slip detection slider; 904. Displacement sensor; 10. Shaft head nut tightening sleeve; 11. Front connecting plate; 12. Connecting block; 15. Servo electric cylinder; 1501. Rod body; 16. First moving plate; 17. Bearing inner ring clamping fixture; 18. Mounting plate; 19. Tightening motor; 1901. Tightening shaft; 20. Wheel hub assembly; 21. Wheel bolts; 22. Shaft head nut; 23. Inner bearing; 24. Shaft head body; 25. Outer bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] See also Figures 1-9 The method for tightening the drive axle shaft head nut shown in the figure includes the following steps:

[0033] S1: Preset, prepare the drive axle shaft head nut tightening equipment;

[0034] S2: Loading, pre-screw the shaft head nut 22 on the side wall of the shaft head body 24;

[0035] S3: Tightening. After step S2, the drive axle shaft head nut tightening device tightens the shaft head nut 22.

[0036] A drive axle shaft head nut tightening device, based on the above-mentioned drive axle shaft head nut tightening method, includes a rear connecting plate 1 and a front connecting plate 11, and two symmetrically arranged connecting blocks 12 are fixedly connected between the connecting plate 1 and the front connecting plate 11, the side wall of the connecting block 12 is connected to the mounting plate 18 through a sliding mechanism, and the side wall of the mounting plate 18 is fixedly connected to a tightening motor 19, the tightening motor 19 includes a tightening shaft 1901, and the other end of the tightening shaft 1901 is fixedly connected to a shaft head nut tightening sleeve 10, two symmetrically arranged servo electric cylinders 15 are installed and fixed between the rear connecting plate 1 and the front connecting plate 11, and each servo electric cylinder 15 includes a rod body 1501, the other end of the rod body 1501 is fixedly connected to a first movable plate 16, and the side wall of the first movable plate 16 is fixedly inserted with a bearing inner ring pressing tool 17, the movement of the shaft head nut tightening sleeve 10 is pushed by a pushing mechanism, and the side wall of the first movable plate 16 is provided with a tool for tightening the wheel hub assembly The first detection mechanism is used to detect the rotational torque of the hub assembly 20, and the bottom of the connecting plate 1 and the front connecting plate 11 is provided with a second detection mechanism for detecting the displacement of the first movable plate 16. Through a special equipment that integrates the functions of pressing the hub assembly 20, tightening the shaft head nut 22, and detecting the rotational torque, the qualified rate of the clearance of the inner bearing 23 and the outer bearing 25 after the shaft head nut 22 is tightened is improved, and the control of torque on the tightening of the shaft head nut 22 is completely eliminated. Only displacement is used as the evaluation index for the end of tightening, so that as long as the friction coefficient of the shaft head nut 22 is within a certain range, any value can ensure that the clearance between the hub assembly 20 and the inner bearing 23 and the outer bearing 25 is in the qualified range. In addition, because the pitch of the shaft head nut 22 is 2mm and the angle control of the tightening equipment is ±1°, the theoretical accuracy deviation range of controlling the displacement by the tightening equipment is 10 to 12 microns. The present invention improves the displacement control accuracy range to 1 to 3 microns.

[0037] The first detection mechanism includes a torque support plate 201, and the torque support plate 201 is connected to the side wall of the first movable plate 16 through a moving mechanism. The side wall of the torque support plate 201 is fixedly connected with a fixed ring 202, and the end of the fixed ring 202 is rotatably connected with a rotating ring 203. The end of the rotating ring 203 is fixedly connected with a plurality of wheel bolt connecting sleeves 204 arranged in an array, and the rotation of the rotating ring 203 is driven by the first driving mechanism. The torque support plate 201 is driven to move by the moving mechanism, and the torque support plate 201 moves forward to drive the wheel bolt connecting sleeve 204 to move forward. During the movement process, the wheel bolt connecting sleeve 204 is manually rotated to be inserted into the wheel bolt 21, and the rotating ring 203 is driven to rotate by the first driving mechanism, thereby driving the wheel bolt connecting sleeve 204 to rotate, and then driving the wheel hub assembly 20 to rotate on the shaft head body 24, and continuously detecting the torque of the wheel hub assembly 20 during the rotation process.

[0038] The second detection mechanism includes a displacement sensor sliding slot plate 901 connected to the bottom of the rear connecting plate 1 and the front connecting plate 11, and a sliding slot 902 is opened on the top of the displacement sensor sliding slot plate 901, and a slip detection slider 903 is slidably connected in the sliding slot 902, and a displacement sensor 904 is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the slip detection slider 903. The slip detection slider 903 and the displacement sensor 904 are manually slid along the sliding slot 902 on the displacement sensor sliding slot plate 901, and the contact head of the displacement sensor 904 is in contact with the lower plate surface of the first movable plate 16. During the forward pressing process, the lower plate surface of the first movable plate 16 continuously pushes the slip detection slider 903 and the displacement sensor 904 forward until they stop moving, and the position is locked. The displacement sensor 904 sets this point as the trigger zero point, which can detect the displacement of the first movable plate 16.

[0039] The pushing mechanism includes a collar 301 rotatably connected to the side wall of the tightening shaft 1901, and a second movable plate 306 is sleeved on the side wall of the rod body 1501. The second movable plate 306 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the collar 301, and the side wall of the second movable plate 306 is provided with two symmetrically arranged avoidance grooves 303. The side wall of the second movable plate 306 is fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged positioning rings 304, and each positioning ring 304 is rotatably connected to a shift driven gear 305. The end of the shift driven gear 305 is provided with a key groove 307, and the shift driven gear 305 is fixed to the side wall of the second movable plate 306. An annular groove 308 is provided inside, and a short key 309 is fixedly connected to the side wall of each rod body 1501, and the rotation of the shift driven gear 305 is driven by the second driving mechanism. The second driving mechanism drives the shift driven gear 305 to rotate, so that the short key 309 on the rod body 1501 and the key groove 307 of the shift driven gear 305 are misaligned and stored in the annular groove 308. At this time, when the rod body 1501 is extended, the short key 309 is abutted against the end of the annular groove 308, which can drive the first movable plate 16 and the second movable plate 306 to move forward.

[0040] The first driving mechanism includes a torque driven gear 501 fixedly mounted on the side wall of the rotating ring 203, and a torque rotating motor 502 is fixedly connected to the top of the torque supporting plate 201. The output end of the torque rotating motor 502 is fixedly connected to a torque driving gear 503, and the torque driving gear 503 is meshed with the torque driven gear 501. When the torque rotating motor 502 is started, the wheel bolt connecting sleeve 204 is driven to rotate through the torque driving gear 503 and the torque driven gear 501.

[0041] The second driving mechanism includes a shift driving motor 601 fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate 18, and the output end of the shift driving motor 601 is fixedly connected to the shift driving gear 602, and the shift driving gear 602 is meshed with the shift driven gear 305. When the shift driving motor 601 is started to rotate, the shift driven gear 305 is driven to rotate through the shift driving gear 602.

[0042] The moving mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged first fixed plates 401 fixed to the side walls of the first moving plate 16, and the side walls of each first fixed plate 401 are fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged forward sliding linear rails 402, the torque support plate 201 slides on the forward sliding linear rails 402, and the top of the first moving plate 16 is fixedly connected to the second fixed plate 403, the top of the second fixed plate 403 is fixedly connected to the torque forward detection motor 404, and the output end of the torque forward detection motor 404 is fixedly connected to the threaded rod 405, the side wall of the threaded rod 405 is threadedly connected to the threaded block 406, and the threaded block 406 is fixed to the top of the torque support plate 201, start the torque forward detection motor 404, and when the torque forward detection motor 404 rotates, it drives the threaded rod 405 to rotate, thereby driving the torque support plate 201 to move forward along the forward sliding linear rail 402.

[0043] The sliding mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged tightening shaft sliding linear rails 701 fixedly connected to the side walls of each connecting block 12, and two symmetrically arranged tightening shaft sliding fixing plates 702 are slidingly connected to the tightening shaft sliding linear rails 701, and the mounting plate 18 is fixed to the side walls of the tightening shaft sliding fixing plates 702, which guides and limits the movement of the mounting plate 18.

[0044] A lifting mechanism is provided on the top of the connecting plate 1 and the front connecting plate 11. The lifting mechanism includes a connecting frame 801 fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate 1 and the front connecting plate 11, and a hanging connecting head 802 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame 801 to facilitate lifting the entire tightening equipment.

[0045] Working principle: When in use, first, the servo electric cylinder 15 is in a retracted state, and the shift drive motor 601 controls the shift active gear 602 to rotate, so that the key slot 307 of the shift driven gear 305 is aligned with the short key 309 on the rod body 1501, so that the rod body 1501 can freely pass through the shift driven gear 305, and the torque forward detection motor 404 is in a reset state. At this time, the torque support plate 201 is in a retracted state, and the slip detection slider 903 and the displacement sensor 904 are manually slid along the sliding groove 902 on the displacement sensor sliding groove plate 901, and the contact head of the displacement sensor 904 is in contact with the lower plate surface of the first movable plate 16;

[0046] Next, the wheel hub assembly 20 is assembled to the shaft head body 24, and the rod body 1501 is extended by the servo electric cylinder 15, driving the first movable plate 16 to move forward until the inner ring of the bearing pressing tool 17 initially contacts the inner ring of the outer bearing 25, and the torque forward detection motor 404 is started. When the torque forward detection motor 404 rotates, it drives the threaded rod 405 to rotate, and then drives the torque support plate 201 to move forward along the forward sliding linear rail 402, and the torque rotation motor 502 enters a non-locking state. The torque support plate 201 moves forward and drives the wheel bolt connecting sleeve 204 to move forward. During the movement process, the wheel bolt connecting sleeve 204 is manually rotated to be inserted into the wheel bolt 21, and the torque rotation motor 502 is started. The wheel bolt connecting sleeve 204 is driven to rotate through the torque driving gear 503 and the torque driven gear 501, and the wheel bolt connecting sleeve 204 is driven to rotate. The wheel hub assembly 20 is driven to rotate on the shaft head body 24, and the rotational torque of the wheel hub assembly 20 is continuously detected during the rotation process. The rotational torque forward detection motor 404 enters a locked state, and the rod body 1501 extends continuously at a low speed, gradually pressing the inner ring of the bearing until the zero-clearance rotational torque value of the wheel hub assembly 20 is reached. The rod body 1501 enters a one-gear-one-pause mode, and only advances the minimum movement displacement of the servo electric cylinder 15 each time, and pauses until the rotational torque data of the position is detected, and then advances the minimum movement displacement once, and repeats the cycle until the rotational torque reaches the median value of the qualified range. The rod body 1501 stops extending and enters a locked state. Because the lower plate surface of the first movable plate 16 continues to push the slip detection slider 903 and the displacement sensor 904 forward during the press-fitting process, until it stops moving, the position is locked, and the displacement sensor 904 sets this point as the trigger zero point;

[0047] Then, the torque forward detection motor 404 reverses, driving the torque support plate 201 to move backward, so that the wheel bolt connecting sleeve 204 is separated from the wheel bolt 21, and the rod body 1501 contracts to drive the first movable plate 16 to move backward and return to the initial state of the equipment, starting the shift drive motor 601 to rotate, and driving the shift driven gear 305 to rotate through the shift active gear 602, so that the short key 309 on the rod body 1501 and the keyway 307 of the shift driven gear 305 are misaligned and stored in the annular groove 308. At this time, when the rod body 1501 is extended, the short key 309 is abutted against the end of the annular groove 308, which can drive the first movable plate 16 and the second movable plate 306 to move forward. Through calculation and design, it can be ensured that in the shift mode, the outer end surfaces of the bearing inner ring pressing tool 17 and the shaft head nut tightening sleeve 10 after being placed in the shaft head nut 22 and pressed by force are in the same horizontal plane;

[0048] Finally, the rod body 1501 is extended through the servo electric cylinder 15. At this time, the short key 309 is abutted against the end of the annular groove 308, which can drive the second movable plate 306 to move forward, and at the same time drive the mounting plate 18 and the tightening motor 19 to move forward along the tightening shaft sliding rail 701. At this time, the shaft head nut tightening sleeve 10 and the bearing inner ring pressing tooling 17 move forward at the same time. When the shaft head nut tightening sleeve is about to approach the shaft head nut 22, the tightening motor 19 starts to rotate, driving the shaft head nut tightening sleeve 10 to rotate, so that the shaft head nut 22 is gradually tightened until the first movable plate 16 contacts the displacement sensor 904 again, and the tightening motor 19 and the rod body 1501 stop moving at the same time. At this time, it is considered that the clamping force and limit displacement generated by the shaft head nut 22 are the ideal clearance state between the wheel hub assembly 20 and the inner bearing 23 and the outer bearing 25.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0050] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for tightening a drive axle shaft head nut, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Preset, prepare the drive axle shaft head nut tightening equipment; S2: Loading, pre-screwing the shaft head nut (22) onto the side wall of the shaft head body (24); S3: Tightening. After step S2, the drive axle shaft head nut tightening device tightens the shaft head nut (22).

2. A drive axle shaft head nut tightening device, based on the drive axle shaft head nut tightening method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises a rear connecting plate (1) and a front connecting plate (11), wherein two symmetrically arranged connecting blocks (12) are fixedly connected between the connecting plate (1) and the front connecting plate (11), the side wall of the connecting block (12) is connected to a mounting plate (18) via a sliding mechanism, and the side wall of the mounting plate (18) is fixedly connected to a tightening motor (19), wherein the tightening motor (19) comprises a tightening shaft (1901), and the other end of the tightening shaft (1901) is fixedly connected to a shaft head nut tightening sleeve (10), and two symmetrically arranged servo electric cylinders (15) are fixedly installed between the rear connecting plate (1) and the front connecting plate (11). , and each servo electric cylinder (15) includes a rod body (1501), the other end of the rod body (1501) is fixedly connected to a first movable plate (16), and a bearing inner ring clamping fixture (17) is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the first movable plate (16), the movement of the shaft head nut tightening sleeve (10) is driven by a driving mechanism, the side wall of the first movable plate (16) is provided with a first detection mechanism for detecting the rotational torque of the wheel hub assembly (20), and the bottom of the connecting plate (1) and the front connecting plate (11) is provided with a second detection mechanism for detecting the displacement of the first movable plate (16).

3. The drive axle shaft head nut tightening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first detection mechanism comprises a torque support plate (201), and the torque support plate (201) is connected to the side wall of the first movable plate (16) via a movable mechanism, the side wall of the torque support plate (201) is fixedly connected to a fixed ring (202), and the end of the fixed ring (202) is rotatably connected to a rotating ring (203), the end of the rotating ring (203) is fixedly connected to a plurality of wheel bolt connecting sleeves (204) arranged in an array, and the rotation of the rotating ring (203) is driven by a first driving mechanism.

4. The drive axle shaft head nut tightening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second detection mechanism comprises a displacement sensor sliding slot plate (901) connected to the bottom of the rear connecting plate (1) and the front connecting plate (11), and a sliding slot (902) is provided at the top of the displacement sensor sliding slot plate (901), a sliding detection slider (903) is slidably connected in the sliding slot (902), and a displacement sensor (904) is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the sliding detection slider (903).

5. The drive axle shaft head nut tightening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism comprises a collar (301) rotatably connected to the side wall of the tightening shaft (1901), and the side wall of the rod body (1501) is sleeved with a second movable plate (306), the second movable plate (306) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the collar (301), and the side wall of the second movable plate (306) is provided with two symmetrically arranged avoidance grooves (303), the side wall of the second movable plate (306) is fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged positioning rings (304), and each positioning ring (304) is rotatably connected with a shift driven gear (305), the end of the shift driven gear (305) is provided with a key groove (307), and the shift driven gear (305) is provided with an annular groove (308), each side wall of the rod body (1501) is fixedly connected with a short key (309), and the rotation of the shift driven gear (305) is driven by the second driving mechanism.

6. The drive axle shaft head nut tightening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first driving mechanism comprises a torque driven gear (501) fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the rotating ring (203), and the top of the torque support plate (201) is fixedly connected to a torque rotating motor (502), the output end of the torque rotating motor (502) is fixedly connected to a torque driving gear (503), and the torque driving gear (503) is meshed with the torque driven gear (501).

7. The drive axle shaft head nut tightening device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second driving mechanism comprises a gear shifting driving motor (601) fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate (18), the output end of the gear shifting driving motor (601) being fixedly connected to a gear shifting driving gear (602), and the gear shifting driving gear (602) being meshed with the gear shifting driven gear (305).

8. The drive axle shaft head nut tightening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moving mechanism comprises two symmetrically arranged first fixed plates (401) fixed to the side walls of the first moving plate (16), and the side walls of each first fixed plate (401) are fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged forward sliding linear rails (402), the torque support plate (201) slides on the forward sliding linear rails (402), and the top of the first moving plate (16) is fixedly connected to a second fixed plate (403), the top of the second fixed plate (403) is fixedly connected to a torque forward detection motor (404), and the output end of the torque forward detection motor (404) is fixedly connected to a threaded rod (405), the side wall of the threaded rod (405) is threadedly connected to a threaded block (406), and the threaded block (406) is fixed to the top of the torque support plate (201).

9. The drive axle shaft head nut tightening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding mechanism comprises two symmetrically arranged tightening shaft sliding linear rails (701) fixedly connected to the side walls of each connecting block (12), two symmetrically arranged tightening shaft sliding fixing plates (702) are slidably connected to the tightening shaft sliding linear rails (701), and the mounting plate (18) is fixed to the side walls of the tightening shaft sliding fixing plates (702).

10. The drive axle shaft head nut tightening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A lifting mechanism is provided on the top of the connecting plate (1) and the front connecting plate (11), and the lifting mechanism comprises a connecting frame (801) fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate (1) and the front connecting plate (11), and a hanging connector (802) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame (801).

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