Disassembling and assembling device for secondary steel spring set of bogie of low-floor tramcar

Abstract

The invention discloses a secondary steel spring set disassembling and assembling device for a bogie of a low-floor tramcar, and relates to the technical field of railway vehicles. The device comprises a press-fitting tool, a secondary spring centering tool, a hand-cranking hydraulic device and a hydraulic trolley, the whole press-fitting tool is of a C-shaped I-beam structure, a C-shaped arm serves as a body, a hydraulic cylinder mounting connector is reserved in the upper portion of the C-shaped arm, an adjustable pressure head is arranged on the C-shaped arm and connected with a hydraulic cylinder pressure head through threads, and the hydraulic trolley is connected with the hydraulic cylinder pressure head through a screw. A lower supporting plate is mounted on a base of the C-shaped arm through a positioning pin; the secondary spring centering tool is used when a steel spring set is pressed, is of a sectional structure and comprises a Y-shaped positioning plate and a connecting plate. The hand-cranking hydraulic device provides pressure for the device, and the pressure is transmitted to the secondary steel spring set through the adjustable pressure head. The hydraulic trolley is used for bearing the press-fitting tool. The secondary steel spring set is easy and convenient to disassemble and assemble, and daily maintenance and overhaul of the urban rail vehicle are convenient and easy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, and in particular to a disassembly and assembly device for a secondary steel spring group of a low-floor tram bogie. Background Art

[0002] Among urban rail transit vehicles, there is a type of low-floor tram, which usually has a passenger compartment floor surface 300-400mm above the rail surface. According to the height of the passenger compartment floor surface from the rail surface, it is divided into 70% low-floor and 100% low-floor. For most rail vehicles, the second-stage suspension mostly adopts the air spring structure design. The second-stage suspension of some 100% low-floor tram bogies adopts the structural design of the second-stage steel spring group. A vertical stopper is set inside the second-stage steel spring group. The free compression of the second-stage steel spring group is 50mm, and the compression of the vertical stopper is 10mm. This large deflection design theoretically guarantees the vertical comfort of the vehicle during operation; at the same time, a bogie lifting chain is also set inside the second-stage steel spring group to realize the overall lifting of the bogie.

[0003] Secondary steel spring groups are commonly used in the suspension systems of railway locomotives and vehicles, especially on bogies. Their main function is to mitigate the impact of track irregularities on the vehicle and ensure good running stability and safety. Secondary springs are specifically installed between the bogie frame (or side frame) and the bolster (or frame and car body), also known as bolster spring devices or central spring devices. The design and material selection of these spring groups are to bear and transmit the load between the car body and the wheelset, and ensure even distribution of axle weights, such as steel springs. In addition, they also help improve the vehicle's straight-line stability and curve passing ability, thereby improving ride comfort. In some applications, secondary steel spring groups may also be combined with other components, such as air springs or composite springs, to further optimize the performance of the suspension system.

[0004] When the secondary steel spring group is installed, there is a lifting rope inside to pull the steel spring group. At this time, the tension generated by the lifting rope is about 30KN. When disassembling the secondary steel spring group, a certain pressure is required to remove the tension on the lifting rope, remove the lifting rope, make the steel spring group free, and then take it down; when installing the secondary steel spring group, a certain pressure is also required to compress the steel spring group to a certain height, so that the lifting rope passes through the upper support to pull the steel spring group. Therefore, necessary auxiliary devices are required when disassembling and installing the secondary steel spring group.

[0005] The disassembly and assembly of the traditional second-series steel spring group uses a relatively simple pressing tool, which has poor safety and ease of operation, and is not convenient for batch disassembly and maintenance of the second-series steel spring groups of the existing 100% low-floor trams. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a low-floor tram bogie secondary steel spring group disassembly and assembly device, which has a reasonable structural design and is easy to disassemble and assemble the secondary steel spring group, thereby realizing the convenience of daily maintenance and overhaul of urban rail vehicles, and has high economy, practicality, operability, maintainability, and is easy to promote and use.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is realized through the following technical scheme: a low-floor tram bogie secondary steel spring group disassembly and assembly device, including a press-fitting tool, a secondary spring centering tool, a hand-cranked hydraulic device and a hydraulic trolley, the press-fitting tool as a whole is a C-shaped I-beam structure, with a C-shaped arm as the main body, a hydraulic cylinder installation interface is reserved on the upper part of the C-shaped arm, an adjustable pressure head is arranged on the C-shaped arm, the adjustable pressure head is connected to the hydraulic cylinder pressure head through a thread, and a lower support plate is installed on the base of the C-shaped arm through a positioning pin; The secondary spring centering tool is a segmented secondary spring centering device, including a Y-shaped positioning plate and a connecting plate for assisting the pre-installation positioning of the secondary steel spring group. The Y-shaped structure of the Y-shaped positioning plate prevents the positioning plate from interfering with the guide column of the upper support seat of the secondary steel spring group, and the connecting plate is connected to the Y-shaped positioning plate by a locking bolt; the hand-cranked hydraulic device is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder mounting interface of the press tool to provide pressure for the device, which is transmitted to the secondary steel spring group through an adjustable pressure head; the hydraulic trolley is used to carry the press tool to facilitate the flexible movement of the press tool.

[0008] Preferably, the opening distance of the C-arm of the press-fitting tool is not less than 1000 mm, preferably 1050 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the adjustable pressure head adopts a C-type pressure head to avoid the guide column of the secondary steel spring group.

[0010] Preferably, the two-series spring centering tool adopts a lightweight aluminum alloy centering device; the two-series spring centering tool is used when the steel spring group is pressed and installed to ensure that the center distance between the two steel spring groups on the same side axis is 1060mm, and the end of the Y-shaped positioning plate is provided with a detachable positioning pin to cooperate with the plane positioning hole on the two-series steel spring group, and the center distance between the positioning pins at the end of the two Y-shaped positioning plates is 1060mm; the mounting holes on the connecting plate are strip holes with adjustable function.

[0011] Preferably, the hand-cranked hydraulic device adopts a hand-cranked hydraulic pump to reduce design and manufacturing costs, with a maximum pressure of not less than 10T and a stroke of not less than 150mm.

[0012] Preferably, universal wheels are installed at the bottom of the hydraulic trolley for convenient movement of the pressing position. The lifting height of the hydraulic trolley is adjustable, and the adjustable lifting height is not less than 300 mm, which is used to compensate for the opening distance of the C-shaped pressing tooling.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the device facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the secondary steel spring group, and facilitates the daily maintenance and overhaul of urban rail vehicles. The device has high economy, practicality, operability and maintainability, improves the work efficiency and operational safety of operators, has strong versatility and broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments; Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the press-fitting tool of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a Y-shaped positioning plate in a two-spring centering tooling of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connecting plate in the two-spring centering tooling of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0016] Reference Figure 1-3 The present specific implementation adopts the following technical scheme: a low-floor tram bogie secondary steel spring group disassembly and assembly device, including a press-fitting tool, a secondary spring centering tool, a hand-cranked hydraulic device and a hydraulic trolley. The press-fitting tool is based on the use scenario of the device and the installation process and structural characteristics of the secondary steel spring group. The overall structure is a C-shaped I-beam structure. The secondary spring centering tool is used when the steel spring group is press-fitted to ensure that the center distance between the two steel spring groups on the same side shaft is 1060mm. The secondary spring centering tool adopts a lightweight aluminum alloy centering device, and adopts a segmented design, which is fixed with a connecting plate and a connecting nut; the hand-cranked hydraulic device provides pressure for the device, which is transmitted to the secondary steel spring group through an adjustable pressure head; the hydraulic trolley is used to carry the press-fitting tool to facilitate the flexible movement of the press-fitting tool.

[0017] The device is designed with a modular concept, which is easy to use and maintain. While meeting the functional and structural stability and safety requirements, it can be disassembled and interchanged. Specifically, the structure and connection relationship of each module are as follows: (1) The press-fitting fixture uses the C-arm 1 as the main body, and the overall design is a C-shaped structure. The C-shaped I-beam structure design can ensure the stability of the press-fitting fixture structure while ensuring that it does not interfere with other components; the C-arm 1 is cut and blanked using Q235 steel plates and then manufactured by welding. The upper part of the C-arm 1 is reserved with a hydraulic cylinder installation interface according to the selected hydraulic cylinder size. An adjustable pressure head 2 is provided on the C-arm 1, and the adjustable pressure head 2 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder pressure head through a thread to transmit the pressure generated by the hydraulic cylinder. A lower support plate 3 is installed on the base of the C-arm 1 through a positioning pin, and the lower support plate 3 can be removed or installed as needed. The structure of the press-fitting fixture can ensure the stability of the structure while ensuring that it does not interfere with other components.

[0018] It is worth noting that the opening distance of the C-arm of the press-fitting tool is not less than 1000 mm, preferably 1050 mm.

[0019] In addition, the adjustable pressure head 2 adopts a C-shaped pressure head to avoid the guide column of the secondary steel spring group.

[0020] (2) The secondary spring centering tool is a segmented secondary spring centering device. When the secondary spring group is press-fitted, it is necessary to ensure that the center distance between the two steel spring groups on the same side shaft is 1060 mm. In order to ensure the press-fitting accuracy and efficiency of this dimension, a centering tool is set according to the structural characteristics of the secondary steel spring group to assist in the press-fitting of the secondary steel spring group.

[0021] The secondary spring centering tooling includes a Y-shaped positioning plate 4 and a connecting plate 5 which assist in the pre-installation positioning of the secondary steel spring group. A detachable positioning pin is provided at the end of the Y-shaped positioning plate 4 to cooperate with the flat positioning hole on the secondary steel spring group. The center distance between the positioning pins at the ends of the two Y-shaped positioning plates 4 is 1060mm. The Y-shaped structure of the Y-shaped positioning plate 4 avoids interference between the positioning plate and the guide column of the upper support seat of the secondary steel spring group. The connecting plate 5 is connected to the Y-shaped positioning plate 4 by a locking bolt; the mounting hole on the connecting plate 5 is a strip hole with an adjustable function.

[0022] (3) The hand-cranked hydraulic device is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder mounting interface of the press fitting, and the hydraulic device provides a vertical load for the adjustable pressure head 2; the hand-cranked hydraulic device adopts a hand-cranked hydraulic pump to reduce the design and manufacturing costs, the maximum pressure is not less than 10T, and the stroke is not less than 150mm.

[0023] (4) A universal wheel is installed at the bottom of the hydraulic trolley for convenient movement of the pressing position. The lifting height of the hydraulic trolley is adjustable, and the adjustable lifting height is not less than 300 mm, which is used to compensate for the opening distance of the C-shaped pressing tooling.

[0024] This specific implementation is used for press-fitting of a two-spring group that relies on a lifting rope to generate pre-tension. The inner spring of the two-spring group has a height of 371mm in a free state, and the outer spring has a height of 355mm in a free state. The vertical stiffness of the steel spring group is 313.3N / mm. The height of the steel spring group after installation is 315±3mm. The height of the upper plane of the steel spring group from the rail surface after installation is 810mm. The center distance between the two steel spring groups on the same side axle bridge is 1060mm. The steps for using the device are: ① Installation of the secondary spring group: Place the secondary spring group on the axle mounting seat, use the secondary spring centering tool to pre-adjust the center distance of the two secondary spring groups on the same axle to 1060mm; push the press tool to the appropriate position so that the pressure head on the press tool is located in the center of the upper support seat of the secondary spring group; turn on the manual hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic cylinder moves downward, and continues to press until the head of the lifting chain inside the secondary spring group extends out, and install the retaining ring. At this time, the hydraulic pressure can be released, and the press tool is pushed out to complete the installation of the secondary spring group.

[0025] ② Disassembly of the secondary spring group: Push the pressing tool to the appropriate position so that the pressure head on the pressing tool is located in the center of the upper support seat of the secondary spring group; turn on the manual hydraulic pump, and move the hydraulic cylinder downward, and continue to press until the head of the lifting chain inside the secondary spring group extends out, and remove the retaining ring. At this time, the hydraulic pressure can be released, the pressing tool is pushed out, and the secondary spring group is removed.

[0026] This specific implementation method meets the requirements of disassembly and installation of the secondary steel spring group of the bogie of the CITADIS 302 platform 100% low-floor tram, solves the difficult problem of disassembly and installation of this type of secondary steel spring group, and realizes the convenience of daily maintenance and overhaul of urban rail vehicles. This solution has high economy, practicality, operability and maintainability, while improving the work efficiency and operational safety of operators, has strong versatility, can be used in multiple low-floor tram projects of the same type, can be promoted and used in the industry, and has broad market application prospects.

[0027] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A low-floor tram bogie secondary steel spring assembly disassembly and assembly device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a press-fitting tool, a two-spring centering tool, a hand-cranked hydraulic device and a hydraulic trolley. The press-fitting tool is in the form of a C-shaped I-beam structure as a whole, with a C-shaped arm (1) as the main body. A hydraulic cylinder installation interface is reserved on the upper part of the C-shaped arm (1). An adjustable pressure head (2) is arranged on the C-shaped arm (1). The adjustable pressure head (2) is connected to the hydraulic cylinder pressure head through a thread. A lower support plate (3) is installed on the base of the C-shaped arm (1) through a positioning pin. The two-spring centering tool is a segmented two-spring centering device, comprising an auxiliary A Y-shaped positioning plate (4) and a connecting plate (5) are provided to assist in pre-positioning the secondary steel spring assembly. The Y-shaped structure of the Y-shaped positioning plate (4) prevents the positioning plate from interfering with the guide column of the upper support seat of the secondary steel spring assembly. The connecting plate (5) is connected to the Y-shaped positioning plate (4) via locking bolts. The hand-cranked hydraulic device is fixed on the hydraulic cylinder mounting interface of the press-fitting tool to provide pressure for the device, which is transmitted to the secondary steel spring assembly via the adjustable pressure head (2). The hydraulic trolley is used to carry the press-fitting tool to facilitate the flexible movement of the press-fitting tool.

2. The low-floor tram bogie secondary steel spring assembly disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening distance of the C-shaped arm (1) of the press-fitting tool is not less than 1000 mm.

3. The low-floor tram bogie secondary steel spring assembly disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable pressure head (2) adopts a C-shaped pressure head, avoiding the guide column of the secondary steel spring group.

4. The low-floor tram bogie secondary steel spring assembly disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary spring centering tooling adopts an aluminum alloy centering device.

5. The low-floor tram bogie secondary steel spring assembly disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the Y-shaped positioning plate (4) is provided with a detachable positioning pin which cooperates with the plane positioning hole on the secondary steel spring assembly, and the center distance between the positioning pins at the ends of the two Y-shaped positioning plates (4) is 1060 mm.

6. The low-floor tram bogie secondary steel spring assembly disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting holes (6) on the connecting plate (5) are strip-shaped holes and have an adjustable function.

7. The low-floor tram bogie secondary steel spring assembly disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hand-cranked hydraulic device adopts a hand-cranked hydraulic pump with a maximum pressure of not less than 10T and a stroke of not less than 150mm.

8. The low-floor tram bogie secondary steel spring assembly disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the hydraulic trolley is equipped with universal wheels for convenient movement of the pressing position. The lifting height of the hydraulic trolley is adjustable, and the adjustable lifting height is not less than 300mm, which is used to compensate for the opening distance of the C-shaped pressing tooling.

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