An anti-overload lifting system for a hoisting crane

Abstract

The present invention discloses an anti-overload hoisting system for a hoisting crane, which relates to the technical field of cranes. By arranging devices such as hoisting pressure sensors, lateral pressure sensors, and wind turbines on the hook and the support platform, the present invention realizes the real-time monitoring of multiple parameters such as vertical load, horizontal component force, and wind speed, and uses the combination of an arc-shaped concave resistance disk and steel balls, potential difference detection and induction generators to accurately analyze the swing acceleration and the moving speed of the steel wire rope. When risks such as overloading, swinging, or too fast lifting occur, a warning is issued in a timely manner, comprehensively improving the safety and reliability of hoisting operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cranes, and specifically to an anti-overload lifting system for a hoisting crane. Background Art

[0002] At present, many lifting machines are only equipped with traditional overload limiters or weight sensors during operation for simple monitoring of the weight of heavy objects. Such devices can usually only give early warnings for the vertical gravity load, and often lack precise monitoring means for the horizontal sway or secondary load of heavy objects caused by factors such as wind force and improper lifting operations during the lifting process. When the external environment is complex, the space is narrow, or the operation rhythm is too fast, the boom and wire rope are easily subjected to multi-directional overload impacts, resulting in structural stress concentration or fatigue damage. In addition, although some existing lifting equipment can provide weight display or swing warning, due to the lack of real-time detection of acceleration and horizontal component force, it is difficult to capture suddenly increased dynamic loads in time. Operators can only rely on experience for adjustment. If the speed is too fast when lifting the limit weight, safety accidents such as wire rope breakage may occur. Moreover, key parameters such as wind speed, swing amplitude of the lifted object, and lifting speed are currently mostly qualitative or estimated manually, and high-precision quantitative monitoring cannot be achieved. Once a danger occurs, it is often difficult to take effective remedial measures in time. Therefore, an improved solution that can achieve multi-dimensional real-time monitoring and rapid alarm is needed to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art in terms of safety and reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An anti-overload lifting system for a hoisting crane, including two parallelly arranged sliding guide rods installed on the boom. Sliding support blocks are slidably sleeved on both of the two sliding guide rods. A support platform is slidably lapped on the two sliding support blocks. At least one turning roller is rotatably installed on the support platform through a turning roller bracket. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the circumferential surface of the turning roller to prevent the wire rope from falling off the turning roller. It also includes an acceleration detection component for detecting the overload of the wire rope. The acceleration detection component includes two symmetrically arranged conductive sliders, and the two conductive sliders are in conductive sliding fit with the wire rope. It further includes a lifting part fixed at the bottom end of the wire rope. The lifting part includes a hook for hanging a heavy object and a steel ball for measuring the swing acceleration.

[0004] Preferably, a chute is provided on the sliding support block, a protrusion matching the chute is provided on the support platform, a boss is provided on the lower surface of the support platform, the boss is integrally provided with the support platform, and a lateral pressure sensor is provided between the boss and the two sliding support blocks.

[0005] Preferably, a corner bracket is also fixedly installed on the support platform. A pressing roller is rotatably installed on the corner bracket, and the pressing roller is in rolling cooperation with the steel wire rope. The acceleration detection assembly includes an extension bracket fixedly installed on the corner bracket. Two permanent magnets are fixedly installed on the extension bracket through a permanent magnet bracket, and the two permanent magnets are located on the upper and lower sides of the steel wire rope.

[0006] Preferably, a conductive slider guide rod bracket is also fixedly installed on the extension bracket. Two conductive slider guide rods are fixedly installed on the conductive slider guide rod bracket. The two ends of the two conductive slider guide rods extend to both sides of the conductive slider guide rod bracket, and two conductive sliders are slidably installed on the conductive slider guide rods. A conductive slider compression spring is disposed around the two ends of one of the conductive slider guide rods. One end of the conductive slider compression spring is fixed to the end of the conductive slider guide rod, and the other end of the conductive slider compression spring is fixed to the conductive slider, for pressing the two conductive sliders to approach each other.

[0007] Preferably, the hoisting part includes a hoisting disc fixed to the bottom end of the steel wire rope. A hoisting pressure sensor is lapped on the hoisting disc. A support pressure sleeve is lapped on the hoisting pressure sensor. The edge of the support pressure sleeve surrounds the hoisting disc and the hoisting pressure sensor, and the support pressure sleeve is fixed to the hook mounting disc, and the hook mounting disc is fixed to the hook.

[0008] Preferably, a detection housing is also fixedly installed on the support pressure sleeve. A ventilation plate is fixedly installed on the detection housing. A plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the ventilation plate. A plurality of wind impellers are disposed on the circumferential surface of the detection housing for detecting the air flow rate.

[0009] Preferably, a closed cavity is fixedly installed on the ventilation plate through a closed cavity bracket. An arc-shaped concave resistance disc is fixedly installed at the bottom of the closed cavity. A steel ball is lapped on the arc-shaped concave resistance disc, and the steel ball is hoisted at the top of the closed cavity through a conducting wire.

[0010] Preferably, the conducting wire is in conductive cooperation with the arc-shaped concave resistance disc through the steel ball, and the steel ball is in sliding conductive cooperation with the arc-shaped concave resistance disc.

[0011] Preferably, a gearbox and an induction generator are also fixedly installed on the support platform. The output end of the gearbox is fixed to the input end of the induction generator. The input end of the gearbox and the steering roller are in transmission cooperation through a detection transmission belt and a ratchet assembly. The inner ratchet of the ratchet assembly is fixed to the input shaft of the gearbox, and the outer ratchet of the ratchet assembly is in transmission cooperation with the detection transmission belt. The detection transmission belt is in transmission cooperation with the steering roller through a rotating shaft.

[0012] Preferably, a protective cover is fixedly installed on the support platform, and the protective cover is sleeved outside the steering roller.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: (1) The overload prevention lifting system provided by the present invention can monitor the lifting weight in real time and issue an alarm when the rated load is exceeded. By setting lifting pressure sensors on the hook and its connection structure, the pressure signals exerted by the heavy object can be collected and analyzed in a timely manner. Once the weight exceeds the safe range, the system will quickly issue a prompt or alarm signal to remind the operator to take preventive measures, thus effectively avoiding misoperation and equipment damage and greatly improving the safety of lifting operations; (2) During the lifting process of the present invention, if the heavy object moves too fast or is affected by external wind force and generates obvious swinging, the system will use the wind turbine to detect the wind speed in a timely manner and judge the swinging acceleration by combining the relative sliding between the arc-shaped concave resistance disk and the steel ball. When it is detected that the swinging speed or acceleration of the heavy object increases abnormally, the system can immediately issue a warning to remind the operator to decelerate or hover, thus effectively preventing the steel wire rope and the boom from being fatigued due to additional dynamic loads; (3) The present invention sets a lateral pressure sensor between the turning roller and the support platform to accurately capture the horizontal component force that may occur during the lifting process. Once the turning roller generates a large horizontal thrust due to the swinging of the heavy object, the lateral pressure sensor will detect this force and trigger an alarm. Since the boom generally has stronger load-bearing capacity in the vertical direction and is more vulnerable in the horizontal direction, the lateral pressure sensor can significantly reduce the risk of stress overload or structural damage of the boom and improve the stability and service life of the equipment operation; (4) The present invention adopts a composite detection method of an induction generator and a permanent magnet cutting magnetic lines of force to comprehensively master the lifting speed and acceleration of the steel wire rope. When the steel wire rope drives the turning roller to rotate, the induction generator is linked through the ratchet assembly and the gearbox to generate a measurable voltage, which reflects the lifting speed in real time; at the same time, when the steel wire rope moves, cutting the magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnets on both sides will generate a potential difference between the conductive sliders. By monitoring the change of the potential difference, the magnitude of the acceleration can be further known. The dual monitoring mechanism ensures that the operator can adjust in a timely manner at different operation stages, improving the lifting efficiency and preventing the risks of overload and wire rope breakage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the protective cover structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure at the boss of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure at the support platform of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at position A.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hoisting part structure of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 101 - sliding guide rod; 102 - sliding support block; 103 - support platform; 104 - protective cover; 105 - steering roller bracket; 106 - boss; 107 - lateral pressure sensor; 108 - steering roller; 109 - steel wire rope; 110 - corner bracket; 111 - lower pressing roller; 112 - detection conveyor belt; 113 - ratchet assembly; 114 - gearbox; 115 - induction generator; 116 - extension bracket; 117 - permanent magnet; 118 - permanent magnet bracket; 119 - conductive slider; 120 - conductive slider guide rod; 121 - conductive slider compression spring; 122 - conductive slider guide rod bracket; 201 - detection housing; 202 - wind turbine impeller; 203 - ventilation plate; 204 - ventilation hole; 205 - closed cavity bracket; 206 - closed cavity; 207 - conducting wire; 208 - steel ball; 209 - arc-shaped concave resistance plate; 210 - support pressure sleeve; 211 - hoisting pressure sensor; 212 - hoisting disc; 213 - hook mounting disc; 214 - hook. Specific embodiments

[0021] The following is combined with the attached Figures 1-6 drawings, and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described through specific embodiments.

[0022] The present invention provides an anti-overload hoisting system for a hoisting crane, including two parallelly arranged sliding guide rods 101 installed on the boom. Sliding support blocks 102 are slidably sleeved on both of the two sliding guide rods 101. A support platform 103 is slidably lapped on the two sliding support blocks 102. At least one steering roller 108 is rotatably installed on the support platform 103 through a steering roller bracket 105. An arc-shaped groove is provided on the circumferential surface of the steering roller 108 to prevent the steel wire rope 109 from falling off the steering roller 108. It also includes an acceleration detection component for detecting the overload of the steel wire rope 109. The acceleration detection component includes two symmetrically arranged conductive sliders 119, and the two conductive sliders 119 are in conductive sliding fit with the steel wire rope 109. It further includes a hoisting part fixed to the bottom end of the steel wire rope 109. The hoisting part includes a hook 214 for hanging a heavy object and a steel ball 208 for measuring the swing acceleration. A chute is provided on the sliding support block 102, and a protrusion matching the chute is provided on the support platform 103. A boss 106 is provided on the lower surface of the support platform 103. The boss 106 is integrally provided with the support platform 103. A lateral pressure sensor 107 is provided between the boss 106 and the two sliding support blocks 102. A corner bracket 110 is also fixedly installed on the support platform 103. A lower pressing roller 111 is rotatably installed on the corner bracket 110. The lower pressing roller 111 is in rolling fit with the steel wire rope 109.

[0023] The acceleration detection component includes an extension bracket 116 fixedly installed on the corner bracket 110. Two permanent magnets 117 are fixedly installed on the extension bracket 116 through a permanent magnet bracket 118, and the two permanent magnets 117 are located on the upper and lower sides of the wire rope 109. A conductive slider guide rod bracket 122 is also fixedly installed on the extension bracket 116. Two conductive slider guide rods 120 are fixedly installed on the conductive slider guide rod bracket 122. The two ends of the two conductive slider guide rods 120 extend to both sides of the conductive slider guide rod bracket 122, and two conductive sliders 119 are slidably installed on the conductive slider guide rods 120. One of the conductive slider guide rods 120 is surrounded by a conductive slider compression spring 121 at both ends. One end of the conductive slider compression spring 121 is fixed to the end of the conductive slider guide rod 120, and the other end of the conductive slider compression spring 121 is fixed to the conductive slider 119, for squeezing the two conductive sliders 119 to approach each other.

[0024] The hoisting part includes a hoisting disc 212 fixed to the bottom end of the wire rope 109. A hoisting pressure sensor 211 is lapped on the hoisting disc 212. A support pressure sleeve 210 is lapped on the hoisting pressure sensor 211. The edge of the support pressure sleeve 210 surrounds the hoisting disc 212 and the hoisting pressure sensor 211, and the support pressure sleeve 210 is fixed to the hook mounting disc 213, and the hook mounting disc 213 is fixed to the hook 214. A detection housing 201 is also fixedly installed on the support pressure sleeve 210. A ventilation plate 203 is fixedly installed on the detection housing 201. A plurality of ventilation holes 204 are formed in the ventilation plate 203. A plurality of wind impellers 202 are arranged on the circumferential surface of the detection housing 201, for detecting the air flow rate. A closed cavity 206 is fixedly installed on the ventilation plate 203 through a closed cavity bracket 205. An arc-shaped concave resistance disc 209 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the closed cavity 206. A steel ball 208 is lapped on the arc-shaped concave resistance disc 209, and the steel ball 208 is hoisted at the top of the closed cavity 206 through a conducting wire 207. The conducting wire 207 is electrically conductive with the arc-shaped concave resistance disc 209 through the steel ball 208, and the steel ball 208 is in sliding electrical conductive cooperation with the arc-shaped concave resistance disc 209. A gearbox 114 and an induction generator 115 are also fixedly installed on the support platform 103. The output end of the gearbox 114 is fixed to the input end of the induction generator 115. The input end of the gearbox 114 and the steering roller 108 are in transmission cooperation through a detection transmission belt 112 and a ratchet assembly 113. The inner ratchet of the ratchet assembly 113 is fixed to the input shaft of the gearbox 114, and the outer ratchet of the ratchet assembly 113 is in transmission cooperation with the detection transmission belt 112. The detection transmission belt 112 is in transmission cooperation with the steering roller 108 through a rotating shaft. A protective cover 104 is fixedly installed on the support platform 103, and the protective cover 104 is sleeved on the outside of the steering roller 108.

[0025] The working principle of an overload - prevention hoisting system for a hoisting crane disclosed by the present invention is as follows: One end of the steel wire rope 109 is connected to the wire reel of the crane. The sliding support block 102 and the support platform 103 are connected to another transmission device, which can be an independent wire transmission mechanism for driving the sliding support block 102 to move on the sliding guide rod 101. The heavy object hung on the hook 214 will apply force to the support pressure sleeve 210, and the support pressure sleeve 210 squeezes the hoisting pressure sensor 211. The weight of the heavy object can be detected through the hoisting pressure sensor 211, and an alarm will be issued if it is overloaded. At the same time, when hoisting a heavy object, since it is in the air, if the speed of the heavy object is too fast during movement, the steel wire rope 109 will swing. At this time, the relative speed between the heavy object and the air will increase, and the air flow rate can be detected through the wind turbine 202, and then the swinging speed can be known. If the speed is too fast, an alarm will be issued. When the heavy object swings, there will be an acceleration. If the acceleration is too fast, the tension borne by the steel wire rope 109 will increase. That is to say, when the weight of the heavy object is not overloaded, if the swinging acceleration is too fast, it will cause the steel wire rope 109 to bear an overloaded tension. At this time, the actual tension borne by the steel wire rope 109 will be greater than the weight of the heavy object. Therefore, when the swing is too fast, relative sliding will occur between the arc - concave resistance disk 209 and the steel ball 208, resulting in the steel ball 208 not being at the center position of the arc - concave resistance disk 209 (the center point of the arc - concave resistance disk 209 and the conducting wire 207 form a closed circuit, and the magnitude of the current in the detection circuit can be used to judge the acceleration). This is because the steel ball 208 and the arc - concave resistance disk 209 are not in a fixed relationship. When the arc - concave resistance disk 209 swings with the heavy object (when the acceleration is too fast), the steel ball 208 remains in place. At this time, the resistance between the conducting wire 207, the steel ball 208 and the center of the arc - concave resistance disk 209 will increase (the greater the acceleration, the greater the displacement of the steel ball 208 sliding on the arc - concave resistance disk 209, the greater the increase in resistance, and the smaller the current).

[0026] When the heavy object swings, it will not only generate a vertical tension on the steel wire rope 109, but also apply a horizontal component force to the turning roller 108 through the steel wire rope 109. At this time, the boom will also bear this horizontal component force. If this horizontal component force is too large, it will cause damage to the boom (the boom is generally only strengthened in the vertical plane and has poor ability to bear horizontal loads). The horizontal overload can be detected through the set lateral pressure sensor 107. When there is a horizontal component force, the turning roller 108 will apply force to the support platform 103, and then squeeze the lateral pressure sensor 107 through the boss 106.

[0027] When lifting a heavy object at the limit of the lifting mass, it is necessary to lift it slowly. If the speed is too fast, it will exceed the ultimate tensile force of the wire rope 109, and at this time the wire rope 109 may break. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the acceleration of the wire rope 109 when lifting the heavy object (detect the moving speed of the wire rope 109). When the wire rope 109 moves, it will drive the steering roller 108 to rotate. The rotation of the steering roller 108 will drive the input shaft of the gearbox 114 through the detection belt 112 and the ratchet assembly 113 (the function of the ratchet assembly 113 is that only when the wire rope 109 moves upward will it drive the input shaft of the gearbox 114 to rotate). The output shaft of the gearbox 114 drives the input shaft of the induction generator 115 to rotate. Therefore, when the speed is too fast, the voltage generated by the induction generator 115 will also increase. By detecting the voltage generated by the induction generator 115, the moving speed of the wire rope 109 can be judged. In addition, the movement of the wire rope 109 will also cause it to cut the magnetic field lines between the two permanent magnets 117, resulting in a potential difference on both sides of the wire rope 109. Since the conductive slider 119 is in conductive cooperation with both sides of the wire rope 109, it is only necessary to measure the potential difference between the two conductive sliders 119 to judge the moving speed of the wire rope 109 (the change speed of the potential difference is the acceleration of the wire rope 109).

Claims

1. An anti-overload hoisting system for a hoisting crane, characterized in that: The invention comprises two parallel sliding guide rods (101) mounted on a boom, wherein a sliding support block (102) is slidably sleeved on the two sliding guide rods (101), a support platform (103) is slidably overlapped on the two sliding support blocks (102), at least one steering roller (108) is rotatably mounted on the support platform (103) via a steering roller bracket (105), and an arc-shaped groove is provided on the circumferential surface of the steering roller (108) for preventing a steel wire rope (109) from falling off the steering roller (108); Also included is an acceleration detection component for detecting overload of the steel wire rope (109), the acceleration detection component comprising two symmetrically arranged conductive sliders (119), the two conductive sliders (119) being in conductive sliding cooperation with the steel wire rope (109); It also includes a hoisting portion fixed to the bottom end of the steel wire rope (109), the hoisting portion including a hook (214) for hanging a heavy object and a steel ball (208) for measuring the swing acceleration; A slide groove is provided on the sliding support block (102), a protrusion matching the slide groove is provided on the supporting platform (103), a boss (106) is provided on the lower surface of the supporting platform (103), the boss (106) and the supporting platform (103) are integrally provided, and a lateral pressure sensor (107) is provided between the boss (106) and the two sliding support blocks (102); a corner frame (110) is also fixedly installed on the supporting platform (103), a lower pressure roller (111) is rotatably installed on the corner frame (110), and the lower pressure roller (111) and the steel wire rope (109) are in rolling cooperation; The acceleration detection assembly comprises an extension bracket (116) fixedly mounted on a corner bracket (110); two permanent magnets (117) are fixedly mounted on the extension bracket (116) via a permanent magnet bracket (118); the two permanent magnets (117) are located on the upper and lower sides of the steel wire rope (109); a conductive slider guide rod bracket (122) is also fixedly mounted on the extension bracket (116); two conductive slider guide rods (120) are fixedly mounted on the conductive slider guide rod bracket (122); both ends of the two conductive slider guide rods (120) are The conductive slider guide rod bracket (122) extends to both sides of the conductive slider guide rod bracket (122), and the two conductive sliders (119) are slidably mounted on the conductive slider guide rod (120), and a conductive slider extrusion spring (121) is arranged around the two ends of one of the conductive slider guide rods (120), one end of the conductive slider extrusion spring (121) is fixed to the end of the conductive slider guide rod (120), and the other end of the conductive slider extrusion spring (121) is fixed to the conductive slider (119), and is used to squeeze the two conductive sliders (119) closer to each other.

2. The anti-overload hoisting system for a hoisting crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hoisting part comprises a hoisting disc (212) fixed to the bottom end of the steel wire rope (109), a hoisting pressure sensor (211) overlapped on the hoisting disc (212), a supporting pressure casing (210) overlapped on the hoisting pressure sensor (211), the edge of the supporting pressure casing (210) surrounds the hoisting disc (212) and the hoisting pressure sensor (211), and the supporting pressure casing (210) is fixed to the hook mounting disc (213), and the hook mounting disc (213) is fixed to the hook (214).

3. The anti-overload hoisting system for a hoisting crane according to claim 2, characterized in that: A detection housing (201) is also fixedly mounted on the supporting pressure casing (210), a ventilation plate (203) is fixedly mounted on the detection housing (201), a plurality of ventilation holes (204) are provided on the ventilation plate (203), and a plurality of wind impellers (202) are arranged on the circumferential surface of the detection housing (201) for detecting the flow rate of air.

4. The anti-overload hoisting system for a hoisting crane according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A closed cavity (206) is fixedly mounted on the air permeable plate (203) via a closed cavity bracket (205), and an arc-shaped concave resistor disk (209) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the closed cavity (206), wherein a steel ball (208) is overlapped on the arc-shaped concave resistor disk (209), and the steel ball (208) is suspended on the top of the closed cavity (206) via a conductive wire (207).

5. The anti-overload hoisting system for a hoisting crane according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conductive wire (207) is electrically conductively matched with the arc-shaped concave resistor disk (209) through the steel ball (208), and the steel ball (208) and the arc-shaped concave resistor disk (209) are electrically conductively matched by sliding.

6. The anti-overload hoisting system for a hoisting crane according to claim 5, characterized in that: A gearbox (114) and an induction generator (115) are also fixedly mounted on the support platform (103); the output end of the gearbox (114) is fixed to the input end of the induction generator (115); the input end of the gearbox (114) is in transmission cooperation with the steering roller (108) via a detection transmission belt (112) and a ratchet assembly (113); the inner ratchet of the ratchet assembly (113) is fixed to the input shaft of the gearbox (114); the outer ratchet of the ratchet assembly (113) is in transmission cooperation with the detection transmission belt (112); and the detection transmission belt (112) is in transmission cooperation with the steering roller (108) via a rotating shaft.

7. The anti-overload hoisting system for a hoisting crane according to claim 6, characterized in that: A protective cover (104) is fixedly mounted on the support platform (103), and the protective cover (104) is sleeved on the outer side of the steering roller (108).

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