An oil well pipe string structure and method of use

Abstract

The application discloses an oil well pipe column structure and a use method, and solves the technical problem that multiple switch sliding sleeves in the oil well pipe column need to be drilled multiple times to be opened and closed. The oil well pipe column structure comprises a central pipe and multiple switch sliding sleeves, and further comprises: opening short sections, which are equal in number to the switch sliding sleeves, and adjacent opening short sections are connected in series through lengthening pipes and form opening tools; closing short sections, which are equal in number to the switch sliding sleeves, and adjacent closing short sections are connected in series through lengthening pipes and form closing tools; wherein the opening short sections can control the switch sliding sleeves of the corresponding layer and all layers below the corresponding layer to slide downwards, so as to realize opening control of the switch sliding sleeves; and the closing short sections can control the switch sliding sleeves of the corresponding layer and all layers below the corresponding layer to slide upwards, so as to realize closing control of the switch sliding sleeves. The application can realize opening and closing control of multiple switch sliding sleeves in one drilling, reduces the number of drilling, and improves operation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oil and gas field production technology, specifically relating to an oil well tubing structure and its usage. Background Technology

[0002] The development of marine oil and gas resources is a current hot topic and focus of the world's marine economy. Marine oil and gas resources are not only abundant, but modern science and technology have also given us the ability to develop them. The marine oil and gas industry has developed into a new and high-value leading industry in the marine economy.

[0003] In oil extraction, the switchable sliding sleeve is the most widely used downhole tool in the field of segmented and layered production and layered sand control in oil and gas wells. This type of sliding sleeve requires the use of corresponding service tools to open and close. For example, depending on the operational requirements, it is necessary to open the production channel of a specific layer to carry out production operations in that specific layer, or to selectively close the production channel of a specific layer based on the fluid production situation of the producing layer, so as to achieve the purpose of layered production, layered sealing, and production enhancement.

[0004] Currently, the control of sliding sleeve switches in oil well tubing typically uses a one-to-one method, meaning one switching tool is dedicated to controlling one sliding sleeve switch. When multiple sliding sleeves need to be controlled sequentially, this one-to-one control method requires multiple drilling runs, resulting in excessively high operating costs and poor operational efficiency. Furthermore, most switching tools in related technologies are pressure-operated, requiring pressure to control the switching tool, which presents numerous problems and carries significant operational risks, thus requiring improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve all or some of the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide an oil well tubing structure and a method of use that can reduce the number of drilling trips, improve operational efficiency, and reduce operational risks.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an oil well tubing string structure, including a central tubing and multiple switch sleeves, the oil well tubing string structure further comprising:

[0007] The number of opening short sections is equal to that of the switch sliding sleeve, and adjacent opening short sections are connected in series through extension tubes to form an opening tool;

[0008] The number of closing short sections is equal to the number of the switch sleeves, and adjacent closing short sections are connected in series through extension tubes to form a closing tool;

[0009] Each of the opening sections can control the corresponding layer and all layers below it to slide downwards to achieve the opening control of the switch sleeve, and each of the closing sections can control the corresponding layer and all layers below it to slide upwards to achieve the closing control of the switch sleeve.

[0010] Optionally, an annular closing key is integrally formed and connected to the upper end of the inner sidewall of each switch sleeve, and an annular opening key is integrally formed and connected to the lower end of the inner sidewall of each switch sleeve. The widths of the closing key and the opening key on the multiple switch sleeves decrease sequentially, and each opening section can cooperate with the opening key of the corresponding layer and all layers below it, and each closing section can cooperate with the closing key of the corresponding layer and all layers below it.

[0011] Optionally, each of the opening and closing sections includes:

[0012] The control cylinder is vertically positioned and is used to be lowered into the central tube;

[0013] The upper connector is located at the top of the control cylinder and is used to connect to the service pipe column or extension pipe;

[0014] The lower connector is located at the bottom end of the control cylinder and is used to connect with the extension pipe;

[0015] Multiple control plates are movably mounted on the control cylinder. The multiple control plates are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the control cylinder, and the control plates can slide along the radial direction of the control cylinder.

[0016] Multiple control keys are integrally formed and connected to the corresponding control plate on the side away from the control cylinder;

[0017] Each of the opening sections also includes multiple opening slots, which are respectively disposed on the corresponding control keys. The width of the opening slots on the multiple opening sections decreases sequentially, and each opening key can be engaged in the opening slots of the corresponding layer and all layers below it.

[0018] Each of the closing sections also includes multiple closing slots, which are respectively disposed on the corresponding control keys. The width of the closing slots on the multiple closing sections decreases sequentially, and each closing key can be engaged in the closing slots of the corresponding layer and all layers below it.

[0019] Each of the opening and closing sections further includes a control tube, which controls the corresponding plurality of control plates to move synchronously along the radial direction of the control cylinder, so that the plurality of closing keys are respectively engaged in the corresponding closing slots, or the plurality of closing keys are respectively disengaged from the corresponding closing slots, or the plurality of opening keys are respectively engaged in the corresponding opening slots, or the plurality of opening keys are respectively disengaged from the corresponding opening slots.

[0020] Optionally, each of the pipe controls includes:

[0021] The control springs are arranged in multiple sets, each corresponding to one of the control plates. The control springs are used to push the corresponding control plates to move away from the control cylinder.

[0022] An upper control ramp is located at the upper end of the shut-off button;

[0023] A lower control ramp is located at the lower end of the power button;

[0024] An upper control slope is provided at the upper end of the control key;

[0025] A lower control slope is provided at the lower end of the control key;

[0026] A lower guide slope is provided on the bottom inner wall of the opening groove;

[0027] An upper guide slope is provided on the top inner wall of the closing groove;

[0028] A support ring is integrally formed and connected to the inner wall of the central tube. The support ring is located below the switch sleeve, and the upper end of the support ring is provided with an extrusion slope.

[0029] A release ring is disposed on the inner side wall of the central tube, and the release ring is located above the switch sleeve;

[0030] Multiple support blocks are provided on the inner wall of the release ring. The multiple support blocks are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the release ring. Each support block has an upper pressing slope at its upper end and a lower pressing slope at its lower end.

[0031] The upper pressing slope, upper control slope, lower control slope, upper guide slope, and extrusion slope all have the same inclination direction, as do the lower pressing slope, upper control slope, lower guide slope, and lower control slope.

[0032] Optionally, each of the switch sleeves is provided with an upper claw at its top end and a lower claw at its bottom end, a limit claw at the bottom end of each of the release rings, and a limit ring at the bottom of each of the switch sleeves, wherein the limit ring is integrally formed and connected to the central tube.

[0033] When the switch sleeve moves downward and reaches the open position, the lower pawl and the limiting ring form an elastic locking engagement, and the locking force between the lower pawl and the limiting ring is greater than the frictional force between the opening section and the switch sleeve.

[0034] When the switch sleeve moves upward and reaches the closed position, the upper pawl and the limiting pawl form an elastic locking engagement, and the locking force between the upper pawl and the limiting pawl is greater than the frictional force between the closing section and the switch sleeve.

[0035] Optionally, the bottom end of the upper connector and the top end of the lower connector are respectively provided with limiting rings, and there is an annular sliding gap between the limiting rings and the control cylinder. The two ends of the control plate are respectively located in the corresponding sliding gaps, and the two ends of the control plate can slide radially along the control cylinder within the corresponding sliding gaps.

[0036] Optionally, each of the control plates is provided with a set of guide grooves on the side facing the control cylinder, and one end of each set of control springs is respectively inserted into the corresponding guide groove, and the other end is respectively connected to the control cylinder.

[0037] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for using an oil well tubing string structure, comprising the following steps:

[0038] S1. Select the appropriate opening or closing short section according to the layer position of the switch sleeve, and connect adjacent opening or closing short sections in series through the extension tube to form an opening tool or a closing tool.

[0039] S2, connect the opening or closing tool to the service column, and lower the opening or closing tool into the central pipe through the service column;

[0040] S3, by raising and lowering the service column, the opening tool is used to control the opening of the switch sleeve, or the closing tool is used to control the closing of the switch sleeve.

[0041] Optionally, if it is necessary to control the opening of the switch sliding sleeves for all or some floors:

[0042] Select opening short sections that are compatible with the corresponding layer's switch sleeves, and connect adjacent opening short sections in series through extension tubes to form an opening tool. Ensure that after the opening tool is lowered into the central tube, multiple opening short sections are aligned with the corresponding layer's switch sleeves one by one. Connect the opening tool to the service column, and lower the opening tool into the central tube through the service column. At this time, multiple opening slots are engaged with the opening keys of the corresponding layers. Lower the service column so that the switch sleeves of all layers or some layers move downwards synchronously, so that the switch sleeves of all layers or some layers open synchronously.

[0043] Alternatively, select only the opening short section that matches the highest-level switch sleeve in the required opening switch sleeve, and connect the opening short section to the extension tube to form an opening tool. Then connect the opening tool to the service column, and lower the opening tool into the central tube through the service column. During the lowering of the service column, the opening slot engages and disengages with the opening key of the corresponding level from top to bottom, so that the switch sleeves of all levels or some levels move downward in sequence, thereby opening the switch sleeves of all levels or some levels in sequence.

[0044] Optionally, if it is necessary to control the closing of the switch sleeves for all or some floors:

[0045] Select appropriate closing sections that match the corresponding layer's switch sleeves, and connect adjacent closing sections in series via extension tubes to form a closing tool. Ensure that after the closing tool is lowered into the central tube, multiple closing sections are aligned with the corresponding layer's switch sleeves. Connect the closing tool to the service column, and lower the closing tool into the central tube via the service column. At this point, multiple closing slots engage with the corresponding layer's closing keys. Raise the service column to make all or some layers' switch sleeves move upwards synchronously, thus closing all or some layers' switch sleeves synchronously.

[0046] Alternatively, select only the closing short section that matches the highest-level switch sleeve in the switch sleeves to be closed, and connect the closing short section to the extension tube to form a closing tool. Then connect the closing tool to the service column, and lower the closing tool into the central tube through the service column. During the process of lifting the service column, the closing groove engages and then disengages with the closing key of the corresponding level from bottom to top, so that the switch sleeves of all levels or some levels move upward in sequence, thereby closing the switch sleeves of all levels or some levels in sequence.

[0047] Optionally, if it is necessary to control the opening of the switch sliding sleeves for some floors:

[0048] Select opening short sections that are compatible with the corresponding layer's switch sleeve, and connect adjacent opening short sections in series through extension tubes to form an opening tool. Connect the opening tool to the service column, and lower the opening tool into the central tube through the service column.

[0049] The length of the extension tube is set such that there is a distance difference between two adjacent opening short sections, and multiple opening short sections can be aligned with the corresponding switch sleeves from the higher level to the lower level, or multiple opening short sections can be aligned with the corresponding switch sleeves from the lower level to the higher level.

[0050] When controlling multiple switch sleeves to open sequentially from the highest to the lowest position, first control the opening short section of the highest position to cooperate with the switch sleeve of the corresponding position, lower the service column to make the switch sleeve of the highest position move downward and open, continue to lower the service column, and then control the opening short section of the next highest position to cooperate with the switch sleeve of the corresponding position, lower the service column to make the switch sleeve of the next highest position move downward and open, and repeat this process, so that the switch sleeves of multiple positions open sequentially from the highest to the lowest position.

[0051] When controlling multiple switch sleeves to open sequentially from the lowest to the highest position, first control the opening short section of the lowest position to cooperate with the corresponding switch sleeve, lower the service column to make the switch sleeve of the lowest position move downward and open. Continue to lower the service column, and the opening short section of the next lowest position cooperates with the corresponding switch sleeve, lower the service column to make the switch sleeve of the next lowest position move downward and open. Repeat this process to make the switch sleeves of multiple positions open sequentially from the lowest to the highest position.

[0052] Optionally, if it is necessary to control the closing of the switch sleeves of some floors:

[0053] Select the closing short sections that match the corresponding layer's switch sleeve, and connect adjacent closing short sections in series through extension pipes to form a closing tool. Connect the closing tool to the service column, and lower the closing tool into the central pipe through the service column.

[0054] The length of the extension tube is set such that there is a distance difference between two adjacent closing sections, and multiple closing sections can be aligned with the corresponding switch sleeves from the higher to the lower level, or multiple closing sections can be aligned with the corresponding switch sleeves from the lower to the higher level.

[0055] When controlling multiple switch sleeves to close sequentially from the highest to the lowest position, first control the closing section of the highest position to cooperate with the switch sleeve of the corresponding position, lift the service column to close the switch sleeve of the highest position, then lift the column to move the switch sleeve of the highest position upward and close it, continue to lift the column to cooperate with the closing section of the next highest position to cooperate with the switch sleeve of the corresponding position, then lift the service column to move the switch sleeve of the next highest position upward and close it, and repeat this process to make the switch sleeves of multiple positions close sequentially from the highest to the lowest position.

[0056] When controlling multiple switch sleeves to close sequentially from the lowest to the highest position, first control the closing section of the lowest position to cooperate with the switch sleeve of the corresponding position, lift the column to make the switch sleeve of the lowest position move upward and close, continue to lift the service column and make the switch sleeve of the next lowest position cooperate, lift the service column again to make the switch sleeve of the next lowest position move upward and close, and repeat this process so that the switch sleeves of multiple positions close sequentially from the lowest to the highest position.

[0057] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the oil well tubing structure and usage method provided by the present invention have the following advantages:

[0058] This well tubing string structure allows for the opening and closing of multiple switch sleeves in a single drilling run, effectively reducing the number of trips and thus lessening the workload for workers while improving operational efficiency. Furthermore, the opening and closing tools are designed with mechanical structures, making operation safer and more reliable, thereby reducing operational risks.

[0059] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0060] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the technical solutions of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the technical solutions of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the oil well tubing structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, mainly showing the state of the short section being opened and lowered into the central tubing;

[0062] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the oil well tubing structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, mainly showing the state of the short section being closed and the central tube being lowered;

[0063] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the opened short section in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the closed short section in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the opening and closing short sections and the switch sliding sleeve in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, showing the dimensions of the opening slot, closing slot, opening key, and closing key at different levels;

[0066] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the engagement state between the opening short section and the switch sliding sleeve in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the engagement state between the closed short section and the switch sleeve in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the opening state of the sliding sleeve of the opening short section control switch in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, mainly showing the upper half of the opening short section;

[0069] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the opening state of the sliding sleeve of the opening short section control switch in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, mainly showing the lower half of the opening short section;

[0070] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the closed state of the short section control switch slide sleeve in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, mainly showing the upper half of the closed short section;

[0071] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the closed state of the sliding sleeve of the short section control switch in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, mainly showing the lower half of the closed short section;

[0072] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the oil well tubing structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, mainly showing the usage status of the opening tool;

[0073] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the oil well tubing structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, mainly showing the usage status of the shut-off tool;

[0074] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of multiple switch sleeves being opened synchronously using an opening tool in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0075] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, in which an opening tool is used to control multiple switch sleeves to open sequentially.

[0076] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of multiple switch sleeves being closed synchronously using a closing tool in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state in Embodiment 2 of the present invention where a closing tool controls multiple switch sleeves to close sequentially.

[0078] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the state in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, in which multiple switch sleeves are controlled to open layer by layer from the high position to the low position using an opening tool;

[0079] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of multiple switch sleeves being opened layer by layer from the lower level to the higher level using an opening tool in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0080] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of multiple switch sleeves being closed layer by layer from the highest to the lowest position using a closing tool in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0081] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, in which a closing tool is used to control multiple switch sleeves to close layer by layer from the lower level to the higher level.

[0082] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0083] 1. Central tube; 2. Switch sleeve; 3. Opening section; 4. Closing section; 5. Closed button; 6. Opening button; 7. Control cylinder; 8. Upper connector; 9. Lower connector; 10. Control plate; 11. Control button; 12. Opening slot; 13. Closing slot; 14. Pipe control; 141. Control spring; 142. Upper control slope; 143. Lower control slope; 144. Upper control slope; 145. Lower control slope; 146. Lower guide slope; 147. Upper guide slope; 148. Support ring; 149. Pressing slope; 150. Release ring; 151. Support block; 152. Upper pressing slope; 153. Lower pressing slope; 15. Upper chuck; 16. Lower chuck; 17. Limiting chuck; 18. Limiting chuck ring; 19. Limiting ring; 20. Sliding clearance; 21. Guide groove;

[0084] 100. Open tool; 200. Close tool; 300. Extension tube; 400. Service tube. Detailed Implementation

[0085] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of the present invention can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0086] Example 1

[0087] like Figures 1-11 The illustration shows Embodiment 1 of the present invention, which discloses an oil well tubing structure, including a vertically arranged central pipe 1. Multiple switch sleeves 2 are vertically slidably connected within the central pipe 1, and the multiple switch sleeves 2 are arranged sequentially along the vertical direction. The oil well tubing structure also includes multiple opening sections 3 and multiple closing sections 4. The number of opening sections 3 and closing sections 4 are equal to the number of switch sleeves 2. Adjacent opening sections 3 are connected in series via extension pipes 300 to form an opening tool 100, and adjacent closing sections 4 are connected in series via extension pipes 300 to form a closing tool 200.

[0088] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, each opening section 3 can control the corresponding layer and all layers below it to slide downwards, thereby opening the switch sleeve 2. Each closing section 4 can control the corresponding layer and all layers below it to slide upwards, thereby closing the switch sleeve 2.

[0089] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, an annular closing button 5 is integrally formed and connected to the upper end of the inner wall of each switch sleeve 2, and an annular opening button 6 is integrally formed and connected to the lower end of the inner wall of each switch sleeve 2. The widths of the closing buttons 5 and opening buttons 6 on the multiple switch sleeves 2 decrease sequentially, that is, the width of the closing button 5 on the switch sleeve 2 located at the highest level is the widest. Each opening section 3 can cooperate with the opening buttons 6 at the corresponding level and all levels below it, and each closing section 4 can cooperate with the closing buttons 5 at the corresponding level and all levels below it.

[0090] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, each opening section 3 and closing section 4 includes a vertically arranged control cylinder 7, which is used to be lowered into the central tube 1. The top end of the control cylinder 7 is integrally connected to an upper connector 8, which is used to connect to the service pipe column 400 or the extension pipe 300. The bottom end of the control cylinder 7 is threaded with a lower connector 9, which is used to connect to the extension pipe 300.

[0091] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, multiple control plates 10 are movably arranged around the control cylinder 7. The multiple control plates 10 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the control cylinder 7, and the control plates 10 can slide along the radial direction of the control cylinder 7. At the same time, each control plate 10 has a control key 11 integrally formed and connected to the side away from the control cylinder 7.

[0092] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, each opening section 3 also includes multiple opening slots 12, which are respectively set on the corresponding control keys 11. The width of the opening slots 12 on the multiple opening sections 3 decreases sequentially, that is, the opening slot 12 on the opening section 3 located at the highest level is the widest, and the opening slot 12 is used for the corresponding level and the opening keys 6 located below it to engage.

[0093] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, each closing section 4 also includes multiple closing slots 13, which are respectively set on the corresponding control keys 11. The width of the closing slots 13 on the multiple closing sections 4 decreases sequentially, that is, the closing slot 13 on the closing section 4 located at the highest level is the widest, and the closing slot 13 is used for the corresponding level and all the closing keys 5 located below it to engage.

[0094] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, each opening section 3 and closing section 4 also includes a pipe control 14. The pipe control 14 is disposed between the control plate 10 and the control cylinder 7, and the pipe control 14 is used to control the corresponding multiple control plates 10 to move synchronously along the radial direction of the control cylinder 7, so that the multiple closing keys 5 are respectively engaged in the corresponding closing slots 13, or the multiple closing keys 5 are respectively disengaged from the corresponding closing slots 13, or the multiple opening keys 6 are respectively engaged in the corresponding opening slots 12, or the multiple opening keys 6 are respectively disengaged from the corresponding opening slots 12.

[0095] The specific explanations of "opening slot 12 for engaging the opening buttons 6 of the corresponding layer and all layers below it" and "closing slot 13 for engaging the closing buttons 5 of the corresponding layer and all layers below it" in this application are as follows:

[0096] like Figure 5 As shown, if the central tube 1 has six layers of switch sleeves 2, the opening slot 12 of the first layer (highest layer) opening section 3 is used to engage the opening keys 6 on the first to sixth layer switch sleeves 2, and the closing slot 13 of the first layer (highest layer) closing section 4 is used to engage the closing keys 5 on the first to sixth layer switch sleeves 2. Similarly, the opening slot 12 of the second layer opening section 3 is used to engage the opening keys 6 on the second to sixth layer switch sleeves 2, and the closing slot 13 of the second layer closing section 4 is used to engage the closing keys 5 on the second to sixth layer switch sleeves 2. And so on, the opening slot 12 of the sixth layer (lowest layer) opening section 3 is used only for the opening keys 6 on the sixth layer switch sleeve 2, and the closing slot 13 of the sixth layer (lowest layer) closing section 4 is used only for the closing keys 5 on the sixth layer switch sleeve 2.

[0097] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, each control tube 14 includes multiple sets of control springs 141, and the multiple sets of control springs 141 are set one-to-one with multiple control plates 10. Each set of control springs 141 has two springs, and the two control springs 141 are used to jointly push the corresponding control plate 10 to move away from the control cylinder 7, so that the closing key 5 can form a snap-fit ​​with the corresponding closing groove 13, or the opening key 6 can form a snap-fit ​​with the corresponding opening groove 12.

[0098] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, the upper end of the close button 5 is provided with an upper control slope 142, the lower end of the open button 6 is provided with a lower control slope 143, the upper end of the control button 11 is provided with an upper control slope 144, the lower end is provided with a lower control slope 145, the bottom inner wall of the open groove 12 is provided with a lower guide slope 146, and the top inner wall of the close groove 13 is provided with an upper guide slope 147.

[0099] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, a support ring 148 is integrally formed and connected to the inner wall of the central tube 1. The support ring 148 is located below the switch slide sleeve 2, and a pressing slope 149 is provided at the upper end of the support ring 148. A release ring 150 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the central tube 1, and the release ring 150 is located above the switch slide sleeve 2. At the same time, multiple support blocks 151 are integrally formed and connected to the inner wall of the release ring 150. The multiple support blocks 151 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the release ring 150, and each support block 151 is provided with an upper pressing slope 152 at its upper end and a lower pressing slope 153 at its lower end.

[0100] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the upper pressing slope 152, upper control slope 142, lower control slope 145, upper guide slope 147, and extrusion slope 149 have the same inclination direction, and the lower pressing slope 153, upper control slope 144, lower guide slope 146, and lower control slope 143 have the same inclination direction.

[0101] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, each switch sleeve 2 has an upper claw 15 integrally formed and connected to its top end, and a lower claw 16 integrally formed and connected to its bottom end. Each release ring 150 has a limit claw 17 integrally formed and connected to its bottom end. Each switch sleeve 2 has a limit ring 18 provided below it, and the limit ring 18 is integrally formed and connected to the central tube 1.

[0102] When the switch sleeve 2 moves downward and reaches the open position, the lower pawl 16 can form an elastic engagement with the limit ring 18, and the locking force between the lower pawl 16 and the limit ring 18 is greater than the frictional force between the opening section 3 and the switch sleeve 2, so as to prevent the switch sleeve 2 from moving upward when the service column 400 is lifted.

[0103] When the switch sleeve 2 moves upward and reaches the closed position, the upper claw 15 can form an elastic engagement with the limit claw 17, and the locking force between the upper claw 15 and the limit claw 17 is greater than the frictional force between the closing section 4 and the switch sleeve 2, so as to prevent the switch sleeve 2 from moving downward when the service column 400 is lowered.

[0104] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, when the opening tool 100 moves downward and the opening section 3 reaches the position of the switch sleeve 2 at the same level, the control key 11 moves towards the control cylinder 7 under the action of the lower control inclined surface 145 and the upper pressing inclined surface 152, that is, the control key 11 retracts. As the opening tool 100 continues to move downward, the control key 11 remains in the retracted state under the action of the lower control inclined surface 145 and the upper control inclined surface 142. When the opening key 6 is aligned with the opening slot 12, the control key 11 springs open under the action of the control spring 141, so that the opening key 6 and the opening slot 12 form a snap-fit ​​engagement. When the opening tool 100 moves downward, the switch sleeve 2 can move downward synchronously and open. At this time, the lower pawl 16 and the limiting retaining ring 18 form a snap-fit ​​engagement. As the opening tool 100 continues to move downward, the control key 11 retracts under the action of the lower control inclined surface 145 and the pressing inclined surface 149, so that the opening slot 12 and the opening key 6 are separated. Therefore, as the opening tool 100 continues to move downwards, the opening groove 12 can engage with the opening key 6 on the next lower level switch sleeve 2, meaning that the opening section 3 can control the opening of the switch sleeve 2 located below it. Simultaneously, when the lower level opening section 3 passes the higher level switch sleeve 2, the width of the opening groove 12 on the opening section 3 is smaller than the width of the opening key 6 on the higher level switch sleeve 2, meaning the opening key 6 cannot engage with the opening groove 12, allowing the lower level opening section 3 to pass smoothly through the higher level switch sleeve 2.

[0105] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, during the upward movement of the opening tool 100, the control key 11 retracts under the action of the upper control slope 144 and the lower control slope 143. When the opening key 6 aligns with the opening slot 12, the opening key 6 engages in the corresponding opening slot 12. As the opening tool 100 continues to move upward, the control key 11 retracts under the action of the lower guide slope 146 and the lower control slope 143, thus separating the opening key 6 from the opening slot 12. As the opening tool 100 continues to move upward, the control key 11 springs open, causing the closing key 5 to engage in the opening slot 12. Subsequently, the control key 11 retracts under the action of the lower guide slope 146 and the closing key 5, thus separating the closing key 5 from the opening slot 12. As the opening tool 100 continues to move upward, the control key 11 retracts under the action of the upper control slope 144 and the lower pressing slope 153. Therefore, when the opening tool 100 moves upward, it does not affect the switch sleeve 2.

[0106] like Figure 10 , Figure 11As shown, during the downward movement of the closing tool 200, the control key 11 retracts under the action of the lower control slope 145 and the upper pressing slope 152, until the closing groove 13 aligns with the closing key 5. Then, the control key 11 springs open, causing the closing key 5 to engage with the closing groove 13. As the closing tool 200 continues to move downward, the control key 11 retracts under the action of the upper guide slope 147 and the upper control slope 142, separating the closing key 5 from the closing groove 13. After the closing tool 200 continues to move downward, the closing key 5 engages in the closing groove 13. Then, the control key 11 retracts again under the action of the upper guide slope 147 and the closing key 5, separating the closing key 5 from the closing groove 13. As the closing tool 200 continues to move downward, the control key 11 retracts under the action of the lower control ramp 145 and the squeezing ramp 149, so that the closing joint can smoothly pass through the corresponding layer of the switch sleeve 2. Therefore, when the closing tool 200 moves downward, it will not affect the switch sleeve 2.

[0107] like Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, when the closing tool 200 moves upward and the closing section 4 reaches the position of the switch sleeve 2 at the same level, the control key 11 retracts under the action of the upper control ramp 144 and the lower control ramp 143. When the closing key 5 is aligned with the opening slot 12, the control key 11 springs open and the closing key 5 is engaged in the opening slot 12. As the closing tool 200 continues to move upward, the control key 11 retracts under the action of the lower control ramp 143. When the closing key 5 is aligned with the closing slot 13, the control key 11 springs open and the closing key 5 is engaged in the closing slot 13. Subsequently, the control key 11 controls the switch sleeve 2 to move upward, so that the switch sleeve 2 closes. At this time, the upper pawl 15 and the limiting pawl 17 form an elastic engagement. As the closing tool 200 continues to move upward, the control key 11 retracts under the action of the lower pressing ramp 153 and the upper control ramp 144, so that the closing key 5 separates from the closing slot 13. Therefore, as the closing tool 200 continues to move upward, due to the size difference between the closing key 5 and the closing groove 13, the lower-level closing section 4 can smoothly pass through the upper-level switch sleeve 2. Of course, after the closing section 4 controls the switch sleeve 2 of the same level to close, the closing tool 200 can be lowered further, and the closing groove 13 on the closing section 4 can be aligned with the closing key 5 on the switch sleeve 2 of the next level. At this time, lifting the tubing can close the switch sleeve 2 of the next level.

[0108] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, each upper connector 8 has a limit ring 19 threadedly fitted at its lower end, and each lower connector 9 also has a limit ring 19 integrally formed and connected at its upper end. There is an annular sliding gap 20 between each limit ring 19 and the control cylinder 7, and both ends of each control plate 10 are located in the corresponding sliding gap 20 and can slide radially along the control cylinder 7 within the corresponding sliding gap 20.

[0109] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, each control plate 10 has a set of guide grooves 21 on the side facing the control cylinder 7. Each set of guide grooves 21 has two grooves. One end of each control spring 141 is inserted into the corresponding guide groove 21, and the other end is connected to the control cylinder 7 to guide the control spring 141 and ensure that the control spring 141 can deform elastically.

[0110] As described above, this well tubing string structure allows for the opening and closing control of multiple switch sleeves 2 in a single drilling run, effectively reducing the number of drilling trips, thus reducing the workload of workers and improving operational efficiency. Furthermore, each layer's opening section 3 / closing section 4 can control the opening / closing of the switch sleeves 2 at the corresponding layer and all layers below it, providing workers with more options and improving usability.

[0111] Example 2

[0112] like Figures 12-21 The image shows Embodiment 2 of the present invention, which discloses a method for using an oil well tubing structure, including the following steps:

[0113] S1. According to the layer position of the switch sleeve 2, select the appropriate opening short section 3 or closing short section 4, and connect adjacent opening short sections 3 or closing short sections 4 in series through the extension tube 300 to form the opening tool 100 or the closing tool 200.

[0114] S2, connect the opening tool 100 or the closing tool 200 to the service column 400, and lower the opening tool 100 or the closing tool 200 into the central pipe 1 through the service column 400;

[0115] S3, by raising or lowering the service column 400, the switch sleeve 2 is opened using the opening tool 100, or closed using the closing tool 200.

[0116] like Figure 12 , Figure 14As shown, if it is necessary to control the synchronous opening of the switch sleeves 2 of all or some layers, select the opening short sections 3 that are compatible with the switch sleeves 2 of the corresponding layers, and connect adjacent opening short sections 3 in series through the extension tubes 300 to form the opening tool 100. After the opening tool 100 is lowered into the central tube 1, the multiple opening short sections 3 are aligned with the switch sleeves 2 of the corresponding layers one by one. Connect the opening tool 100 to the service column 400, and lower the opening tool 100 into the central tube 1 through the service column 400. At this time, the multiple opening slots 12 are engaged with the opening keys 6 of the corresponding layers. Lower the service column 400 so that the switch sleeves 2 of all or some layers move downward synchronously, so that the switch sleeves 2 of all or some layers open synchronously.

[0117] like Figure 15 As shown, if it is necessary to control the sequential opening of the switch sleeves 2 of all or some layers, only the opening short section 3 that matches the switch sleeve 2 of the highest layer to be opened is selected, and the opening short section 3 is connected to the extension tube 300 to form the opening tool 100. Then the opening tool 100 is connected to the service column 400, and the service column 400 carries the opening tool 100 into the central tube 1. During the process of lowering the service column 400, the opening slot 12 engages and disengages with the opening key 6 of the corresponding layer from top to bottom, so that the switch sleeves 2 of all or some layers move downward in sequence, so that the switch sleeves 2 of all or some layers open in sequence.

[0118] like Figure 13 , Figure 16 As shown, if it is necessary to control the synchronous closing of the switch sleeves 2 of all or some layers, select the closing short sections 4 that are compatible with the switch sleeves 2 of the corresponding layers, and connect adjacent closing short sections 4 in series through the extension tubes 300 to form a closing tool 200. After the closing tool 200 is lowered into the central tube 1, the multiple closing short sections 4 are aligned with the switch sleeves 2 of the corresponding layers one by one. Connect the closing tool 200 to the service column 400, and lower the closing tool 200 into the central tube 1 through the service column 400. At this time, the multiple closing slots 13 are engaged with the closing keys 5 of the corresponding layers. Lift the service column 400 so that the switch sleeves 2 of all or some layers move upward synchronously, so that the switch sleeves 2 of all or some layers close synchronously.

[0119] like Figure 17As shown, if it is necessary to control the sequential closing of the switch sleeves 2 of all or some layers, only the closing short section 4 that matches the highest layer of the switch sleeves 2 to be closed is selected, and the closing short section 4 is connected to the extension tube 300 to form the closing tool 200. Then the closing tool 200 is connected to the service column 400, and the service column 400 carries the closing tool 200 into the central tube 1. During the process of lifting the service column 400, the closing groove 13 engages and disengages with the closing key 5 of the corresponding layer from bottom to top, so that the switch sleeves 2 of all or some layers move upward in sequence, so that the switch sleeves 2 of all or some layers close in sequence.

[0120] like Figure 18 , Figure 19 As shown, if it is necessary to control the operation of certain floors, the switch sleeves 2 should be opened sequentially:

[0121] Select opening short sections 3 that are compatible with the corresponding layer of the switch sleeve 2, and connect adjacent opening short sections 3 in series through extension pipes 300 to form opening tool 100. Connect the opening tool 100 to the service column 400, and lower the opening tool 100 into the central pipe 1 through the service column 400.

[0122] The length of the extension tube 300 is set such that there is a distance difference between two adjacent opening short sections 3, and multiple opening short sections 3 can be aligned with the corresponding switch sleeves 2 from the high level to the low level, or multiple opening short sections 3 can be aligned with the corresponding switch sleeves 2 from the low level to the high level.

[0123] When multiple switch sleeves 2 are controlled to open sequentially from the highest to the lowest position, first control the opening short section 3 of the highest position to cooperate with the switch sleeve 2 of the corresponding position, lower the service column 400 to make the switch sleeve 2 of the highest position move downward and open, continue to lower the service column 400, and the opening short section 3 of the second highest position cooperates with the switch sleeve 2 of the corresponding position, lower the service column 400 to make the switch sleeve 2 of the second highest position move downward and open, and so on, so that the switch sleeves 2 of multiple positions open sequentially from the highest to the lowest position;

[0124] When multiple switch sleeves 2 are controlled to open sequentially from the lowest to the highest position, firstly, the opening section 3 of the lowest position is controlled to cooperate with the corresponding switch sleeve 2, and the service column 400 is lowered to make the switch sleeve 2 of the lowest position move downward and open. Then, the service column 400 is lowered, and the opening section 3 of the next lowest position cooperates with the corresponding switch sleeve 2, and the service column 400 is lowered to make the switch sleeve 2 of the next lowest position move downward and open. This process is repeated so that the switch sleeves 2 of multiple positions are opened sequentially from the lowest to the highest position.

[0125] Specific examples are as follows:

[0126] If the central tube 1 has nine layers of switch sleeves 2, and it is necessary to control the opening of the third, fifth, and eighth layer switch sleeves 2, select opening short sections 3 that are compatible with the third, fifth, and eighth layer switch sleeves 2, and connect adjacent opening short sections 3 through extension tubes 300 to form an opening tool 100, and then connect the opening tool 100 to the service column 400.

[0127] like Figure 18 As shown, if it is necessary to control the three switch sliding sleeves 2 to open sequentially from the highest to the lowest position:

[0128] Lower the service column 400 so that the third-layer opening section 3 aligns with the third-layer switch sleeve 2. At this point, the fifth-layer and eighth-layer opening sections 3 are positioned above their respective layer switch sleeves 2. Then, lower the service column 400 again, opening the third-layer switch sleeve 2. At this point, neither the fifth-layer nor the eighth-layer opening sections 3 have reached their respective layer switch sleeves 2. Continue lowering the service column 400 until the fifth-layer opening section 3 aligns with the fifth-layer switch sleeve 2. At this point, the eighth-layer opening section 3 has not reached the eighth-layer switch sleeve 2. This process is repeated, opening the three switch sleeves 2 sequentially from the highest to the lowest layer. It is important to note that after the eighth-layer switch sleeve 2 opens, the third-layer opening section 3 has not reached the fourth-layer switch sleeve 2, and the fifth-layer opening section 3 has not reached the sixth-layer switch sleeve 2.

[0129] like Figure 19 As shown, if it is necessary to control the three switch sliding sleeves 2 to open sequentially from the lowest position to the highest position:

[0130] Lower the service column 400 so that the eighth-layer opening section 3 aligns with the eighth-layer switch sleeve 2. At this point, the third and fifth-layer opening sections 3 are positioned above their respective layer switch sleeves 2. Then, lower the service column 400 to open the eighth-layer switch sleeve 2. Lower the service column 400 again, aligning the fifth-layer opening section 3 with the fifth-layer switch sleeve 2. At this point, the third-layer opening section 3 has not yet reached the third-layer switch sleeve 2. Lower the service column 400 again to open the fifth-layer switch sleeve 2. Repeat this process, opening the three switch sleeves 2 sequentially from the lowest to the highest layer. It is important to note that after the third-layer switch sleeve 2 opens, the fifth-layer opening section 3 has not yet reached the sixth-layer switch sleeve 2, and the eighth-layer opening section 3 has not yet reached the ninth-layer switch sleeve 2.

[0131] like Figure 20 , Figure 21 As shown, if it is necessary to control the operation of certain layers, the switch sleeves 2 should be closed sequentially:

[0132] Select the closing short section 4 that matches the corresponding layer of the switch sleeve 2, and connect adjacent closing short sections 4 in series through the extension pipe 300 to form a closing tool 200. Connect the closing tool 200 to the service column 400, and lower the closing tool 200 into the central pipe 1 through the service column 400.

[0133] The length of the extension tube 300 is set such that there is a distance difference between two adjacent closing sections 4, and multiple closing sections 4 can be aligned with the corresponding switch sleeves 2 from the higher level to the lower level, or multiple closing sections 4 can be aligned with the corresponding switch sleeves 2 from the lower level to the higher level.

[0134] When multiple switch sleeves 2 are controlled to close sequentially from the highest to the lowest position, first control the closing section 4 of the highest position to cooperate with the switch sleeve 2 of the corresponding position, lift the service column 400 to close the switch sleeve 2 of the highest position, then lift the column to move the switch sleeve 2 of the highest position upward and close it, continue to lift the column to cooperate with the closing section 4 of the next highest position to cooperate with the switch sleeve 2 of the corresponding position, then lift the service column 400 to move the switch sleeve 2 of the next highest position upward and close it, and repeat this process to make the switch sleeves 2 of multiple positions close sequentially from the highest to the lowest position;

[0135] When multiple switch sleeves 2 are controlled to close sequentially from the lowest to the highest position, first control the closing section 4 of the lowest position to cooperate with the switch sleeve 2 of the corresponding position, lift the column to make the switch sleeve 2 of the lowest position move upward and close, continue to lift the service column 400, and make the switch sleeve 2 of the next lowest position cooperate, then lift the service column 400 again to make the switch sleeve 2 of the next lowest position move upward and close, and so on, so that the switch sleeves 2 of multiple positions close sequentially from the lowest to the highest position.

[0136] Specific examples are as follows:

[0137] If the central tube 1 has nine layers of switch sleeves 2 and it is necessary to control the closing of the third, fifth, and eighth layer switch sleeves 2, select a closing short section 4 that is compatible with the third, fifth, and eighth layer switch sleeves 2, and connect adjacent closing short sections 4 through extension tubes 300 to form a closing tool 200, and then connect the closing tool 200 to the service column 400.

[0138] like Figure 20 As shown, if it is necessary to control the three switch sliding sleeves 2 to open sequentially from the highest to the lowest position:

[0139] Lower the service column 400 so that the third-level closing section 4 aligns with the third-level switch sleeve 2. At this point, the fifth-level and eighth-level closing sections 4 are located below the corresponding switch sleeves 2. Then, raise the service column 400 so that the third-level switch sleeve 2 closes. At this point, neither the fifth-level nor the eighth-level closing sections 4 have reached their respective switch sleeves 2. Continue raising the service column 400 until the fifth-level closing section 4 aligns with the fifth-level switch sleeve 2. At this point, the eighth-level closing section 4 has not reached the eighth-level switch sleeve 2. This process is repeated until the three switch sleeves 2 close sequentially from the highest to the lowest level. It is important to note that when lowering the service column 400 and aligning the third-level closing section 4 with the third-level switch sleeve 2, the fifth-level closing section 4 has not reached the sixth-level switch sleeve 2, and the eighth-level closing section 4 has not reached the ninth-level switch sleeve 2.

[0140] like Figure 21 As shown, if it is necessary to control the three switch sleeves 2 to close sequentially from the lowest position to the highest position:

[0141] Lower the service column 400 so that the eighth-layer closing section 4 aligns with the eighth-layer switch sleeve 2. At this point, the third and fifth-layer closing sections 4 are located below the corresponding layer switch sleeves 2. Then, raise the service column 400 so that the eighth-layer switch sleeve 2 closes. At this point, neither the third nor fifth-layer closing sections 4 have reached their corresponding layer switch sleeves 2. Continue raising the service column 400 so that the fifth-layer closing section 4 aligns with the fifth-layer switch sleeve 2. At this point, the third-layer closing section 4 has not reached the third-layer switch sleeve 2. Raise the service column 400 again so that the fifth-layer switch sleeve 2 closes. Repeat this process, closing the three switch sleeves 2 sequentially from the lowest to the highest layer. It should be noted that when lowering the service column 400 and aligning the eighth-layer closing section 4 with the eighth-layer switch sleeve 2, the third-layer closing section 4 has not reached the fourth-layer switch sleeve 2, and the fifth-layer closing section 4 has not reached the sixth-layer switch sleeve 2.

[0142] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0143] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0144] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An oil well tubing string structure, comprising a central tubing (1) and multiple switching sleeves (2), characterized in that, The oil well tubing structure also includes: The number of opening short sections (3) is equal to that of the switch sleeve (2), and adjacent opening short sections (3) are connected in series through extension tubes (300) to form an opening tool (100); The number of closing sections (4) is equal to that of the switch sleeves (2), and adjacent closing sections (4) are connected in series through extension tubes (300) to form a closing tool (200); Each of the opening sections (3) can control the corresponding layer and all layers below it to slide downwards to achieve the opening control of the switch sleeve (2), and each of the closing sections (4) can control the corresponding layer and all layers below it to slide upwards to achieve the closing control of the switch sleeve (2). An annular closing key (5) is integrally formed and connected to the upper end of the inner wall of each switch sleeve (2), and an annular opening key (6) is integrally formed and connected to the lower end of the inner wall of each switch sleeve (2). The widths of the closing key (5) and the opening key (6) on the multiple switch sleeves (2) decrease sequentially. Each opening section (3) can cooperate with the opening key (6) of the corresponding layer and all layers below it. Each closing section (4) can cooperate with the closing key (5) of the corresponding layer and all layers below it.

2. The oil well tubing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the opening section (3) and the closing section (4) includes: The control cylinder (7) is arranged vertically and is used to be lowered into the central tube (1); The upper connector (8) is located at the top of the control cylinder (7) and is used to connect to the service pipe column (400) or the extension pipe (300); The lower connector (9) is located at the bottom end of the control cylinder (7) and is used to connect with the extension pipe (300); Multiple control plates (10) are movably disposed on the control cylinder (7). The multiple control plates (10) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the control cylinder (7), and the control plates (10) can slide along the radial direction of the control cylinder (7). Multiple control keys (11) are integrally formed and connected to the corresponding control plate (10) on the side away from the control cylinder (7); Each of the opening sections (3) further includes multiple opening slots (12), which are respectively disposed on the corresponding control keys (11). The width of the opening slots (12) on the multiple opening sections (3) decreases sequentially, and each opening key (6) can be inserted into the opening slots (12) of the corresponding layer and all layers below it. Each of the closing sections (4) further includes a plurality of closing slots (13), which are respectively disposed on the corresponding control keys (11). The width of the closing slots (13) on the plurality of closing sections (4) decreases sequentially, and each closing key (5) can be inserted into the closing slots (13) of the corresponding layer and all layers below it. Each of the opening section (3) and closing section (4) further includes a control unit (14) for controlling the corresponding plurality of control plates (10) to move synchronously along the radial direction of the control cylinder (7), so that the plurality of closing keys (5) are respectively engaged in the corresponding closing slots (13), or the plurality of closing keys (5) are respectively disengaged from the corresponding closing slots (13), or the plurality of opening keys (6) are respectively engaged in the corresponding opening slots (12), or the plurality of opening keys (6) are respectively disengaged from the corresponding opening slots (12).

3. The oil well tubing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned control components (14) includes: The control springs (141) are in multiple sets and are arranged one-to-one with the multiple control plates (10). The control springs (141) are used to push the corresponding control plates (10) to move away from the control cylinder (7). An upper control ramp (142) is provided at the upper end of the shut-off key (5); The lower control slope (143) is located at the lower end of the open key (6); An upper control ramp (144) is located at the upper end of the control key (11); The lower control slope (145) is located at the lower end of the control key (11); A lower guide slope (146) is provided on the bottom inner wall of the opening groove (12); An upper guide slope (147) is provided on the top inner wall of the closing groove (13); The support ring (148) is integrally formed and connected to the inner wall of the central tube (1). The support ring (148) is located below the switch sleeve (2), and the upper end of the support ring (148) is provided with an extrusion slope (149). A release ring (150) is disposed on the inner side wall of the central tube (1), and the release ring (150) is located above the switch sleeve (2); Multiple support blocks (151) are respectively disposed on the inner sidewall of the release ring (150). The multiple support blocks (151) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the release ring (150). Each support block (151) has an upper pressing slope (152) at its upper end and a lower pressing slope (153) at its lower end. The upper pressing slope (152), upper control slope (142), lower control slope (145), upper guide slope (147), and extrusion slope (149) have the same inclination direction, and the lower pressing slope (153), upper control slope (144), lower guide slope (146), and lower control slope (143) have the same inclination direction.

4. The oil well tubing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the switch sleeves (2) is provided with an upper claw (15) at its top end and a lower claw (16) at its bottom end. Each of the release rings (150) is provided with a limiting claw (17) at its bottom end. Each of the switch sleeves (2) is provided with a limiting ring (18) at its bottom end. The limiting ring (18) is integrally formed and connected to the central tube (1). When the switch sleeve (2) moves downward and reaches the open position, the lower pawl (16) and the limiting ring (18) form an elastic locking engagement, and the locking force between the lower pawl (16) and the limiting ring (18) is greater than the frictional force between the opening section (3) and the switch sleeve (2). When the switch sleeve (2) moves upward and reaches the closed position, the upper claw (15) and the limiting claw (17) form an elastic locking engagement, and the locking force between the upper claw (15) and the limiting claw (17) is greater than the frictional force between the closing section (4) and the switch sleeve (2).

5. The oil well tubing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, Limiting rings (19) are respectively provided at the bottom end of the upper connector (8) and the top end of the lower connector (9), and there is an annular sliding gap (20) between the limiting ring (19) and the control cylinder (7). The two ends of the control plate (10) are respectively located in the corresponding sliding gap (20), and the two ends of the control plate (10) can slide radially along the control cylinder (7) within the corresponding sliding gap (20).

6. The oil well tubing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the control plates (10) has a set of guide grooves (21) on the side facing the control cylinder (7). One end of each set of control springs (141) is inserted into the corresponding guide groove (21), and the other end is connected to the control cylinder (7).

7. A method of using the oil well tubing structure according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, according to the layer position of the switch sleeve (2), select the appropriate opening short section (3) or closing short section (4), and connect the adjacent opening short sections (3) or closing short sections (4) in series through the extension tube (300) to form an opening tool (100) or a closing tool (200); S2, connect the opening tool (100) or closing tool (200) to the service column (400), and lower the opening tool (100) or closing tool (200) into the central pipe (1) through the service column (400); S3, by raising and lowering the service column (400), the switch sleeve (2) is opened using the opening tool (100), or the switch sleeve (2) is closed using the closing tool (200).

8. The method of using the oil well tubing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, If it is necessary to control the opening of the switch sleeve (2) of all or some layers: Select opening short sections (3) that are compatible with the corresponding layer's switch sleeve (2), and connect adjacent opening short sections (3) in series through extension tubes (300) to form an opening tool (100). Ensure that after the opening tool (100) is lowered into the central tube (1), the multiple opening short sections (3) are aligned with the corresponding layer's switch sleeve (2) one by one. Connect the opening tool (100) to the service column (400), and lower the opening tool (100) into the central tube (1) through the service column (400). At this time, the multiple opening slots (12) are engaged with the corresponding layer's opening key (6). Lower the service column (400) so that the switch sleeves (2) of all layers or some layers move downward synchronously, so that the switch sleeves (2) of all layers or some layers open synchronously.

9. The method of using the oil well tubing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, If it is necessary to control the closing of the switch sleeve (2) of all or some layers: Select a closing section (4) that is compatible with the corresponding layer's switch sleeve (2), and connect adjacent closing sections (4) in series through extension pipes (300) to form a closing tool (200). Ensure that after the closing tool (200) is lowered into the central pipe (1), the multiple closing sections (4) are aligned with the corresponding layer's switch sleeve (2) one by one. Connect the closing tool (200) to the service column (400), and lower the closing tool (200) into the central pipe (1) through the service column (400). At this time, the multiple closing slots (13) are engaged with the corresponding layer's closing key (5). Lift the service column (400) so that the switch sleeves (2) of all layers or some layers move upward synchronously, so that the switch sleeves (2) of all layers or some layers close synchronously.

10. The method of using the oil well tubing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, If it is necessary to control the opening of the switch sleeve (2) of some floors: Select opening short sections (3) that are compatible with the corresponding layer of the switch sleeve (2), and connect adjacent opening short sections (3) in series through extension pipes (300) to form an opening tool (100). Connect the opening tool (100) to the service column (400), and lower the opening tool (100) into the central pipe (1) through the service column (400). The length of the extension tube (300) is set as follows: there is a distance difference between two adjacent opening short sections (3), and multiple opening short sections (3) can be aligned with the corresponding switch sleeve (2) from the high level to the low level, or multiple opening short sections (3) can be aligned with the corresponding switch sleeve (2) from the low level to the high level. When multiple switch sleeves (2) are controlled to open sequentially from the high position to the low position, first control the opening short section (3) of the high position to cooperate with the switch sleeve (2) of the corresponding position, and lower the service column (400) to make the switch sleeve (2) of the high position move downward and open. Continue to lower the service column (400), and the opening short section (3) of the second high position cooperates with the switch sleeve (2) of the corresponding position, and lower the service column (400) to make the switch sleeve (2) of the second high position move downward and open. Repeat this process so that the switch sleeves (2) of multiple positions are opened sequentially from the high position to the low position. When multiple switch sleeves (2) are controlled to open sequentially from the lowest level to the highest level, the opening section (3) of the lowest level is first controlled to cooperate with the switch sleeve (2) of the corresponding level, and the service column (400) is lowered to make the switch sleeve (2) of the lowest level move downward and open. The service column (400) is then lowered, and the opening section (3) of the next lowest level cooperates with the switch sleeve (2) of the corresponding level, and the service column (400) is lowered to make the switch sleeve (2) of the next lowest level move downward and open. This process is repeated so that the switch sleeves (2) of multiple levels are opened sequentially from the lowest level to the highest level.

11. The method of using the oil well tubing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, If it is necessary to control the closing of the switch sleeve (2) of a certain layer: Select the closing short section (4) that matches the corresponding layer of the switch sleeve (2), and connect the adjacent closing short sections (4) in series through the extension pipe (300) to form a closing tool (200). Connect the closing tool (200) to the service column (400), and carry the closing tool (200) into the central pipe (1) through the service column (400). The length of the extension tube (300) is set as follows: there is a distance difference between two adjacent closing sections (4), and multiple closing sections (4) can be aligned with the corresponding switch sleeves (2) from the upper level to the lower level in sequence, or multiple closing sections (4) can be aligned with the corresponding switch sleeves (2) from the lower level to the upper level in sequence. When multiple switch sleeves (2) are controlled to close sequentially from the high position to the low position, first control the closing section (4) of the high position to cooperate with the switch sleeve (2) of the corresponding position, lift the service column (400) to close the switch sleeve (2) of the high position, then lift the column to make the switch sleeve (2) of the high position move upward and close, continue to lift the column to make the closing section (4) of the second high position cooperate with the switch sleeve (2) of the corresponding position, then lift the service column (400) to make the switch sleeve (2) of the second high position move upward and close, repeat this process, so that the switch sleeves (2) of multiple positions are closed sequentially from the high position to the low position; When multiple switch sleeves (2) are controlled to close sequentially from the lower level to the higher level, first control the closing section (4) of the lower level to cooperate with the switch sleeve (2) of the corresponding level, lift the column to make the switch sleeve (2) of the lower level move upward and close, continue to lift the service column (400) and make the switch sleeve (2) of the next lower level cooperate, then lift the service column (400) again to make the switch sleeve (2) of the next lower level move upward and close, and repeat this process so that the switch sleeves (2) of multiple levels are closed sequentially from the lower level to the higher level.

Images