Retaining wall and open cut tunnel combined rapid building structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a retaining wall and open cut tunnel combined rapid building structure and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, the retaining wall and open cut tunnel combined rapid building structure comprises grouting anchor rods located in a slope, mortar rubbles adopted for open cut tunnel foundation replacement and filling, inverted arches symmetrically arranged on a foundation, steel arch frames erected above the inverted arches, and a plurality of prefabricated bearing platforms poured on one side of the foundation; fabricated stand columns are installed on the top of the prefabricated bearing platform, a soil retaining plate is connected between every two adjacent fabricated stand columns in a riveted mode, a plurality of concrete-filled steel tubular columns are poured into the slope of the original ground line, the bottom of the prefabricated bearing platform and the inverted arch respectively, concrete is poured into the inverted arch and is flush with the foundation, and concrete pouring blocks are arranged on the outer sides of the concrete-filled steel tubular columns on the slope of the original ground line. The rapidly built open cut tunnel structure is reliable in foundation structure, all the structures form a frame system, ground subsidence and cracking can be relieved, the stability of the tunnel opening is improved, and the service life of the tunnel is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and in particular to a fast-building structure of a retaining wall and an open hole combination and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] my country's tunnel construction has entered a period of rapid development since the last century, with the construction scale and technical difficulty increasing year by year. In order to meet the needs of rapid economic development, the number of tunnel construction projects has continued to increase in recent years. However, traditional construction processes have the defects of long cycles and low efficiency, which often lead to delays in project progress and affect the overall project progress. In the face of this situation, more advanced structures and construction technologies are urgently needed to improve construction efficiency and shorten construction periods, so as to better meet the growing economic and social needs.

[0003] In this context, developing fast-constructed open-cut structures and construction methods suitable for different tunnel conditions has important theoretical significance and practical value. This can not only provide effective support for the safety of tunnel projects, but also help promote the sustainable development of tunnel construction in my country. Through innovative structures and efficient construction methods, we can improve the safety and efficiency of projects, thereby better meeting future construction needs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fast-building structure and construction method of a combination of a retaining wall and an open hole, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following scheme: The present invention provides a rapid construction structure of a combination of a retaining wall and an open hole, including a grouting anchor rod located in a slope, the open hole foundation is replaced by mortar-laid slabs, inverted arches are symmetrically arranged on the foundation, a steel arch frame is erected above the inverted arch, a plurality of prefabricated pedestals are cast on one side of the foundation, assembled columns are installed on the top of the prefabricated pedestals, retaining plates are mortised between adjacent assembled columns, a plurality of steel sections are fixed between the steel arch frame and the assembled columns and on the steel arch frame, a stable frame structure is formed by connecting the steel sections and the steel arch frame, a plurality of steel tube concrete columns are cast respectively on the slope of the original ground line, the bottom of the prefabricated pedestals, and the inverted arch, concrete is cast in the inverted arch and kept flush with the foundation, a concrete casting block is provided on the outside of the steel tube concrete column on the slope of the original ground line, slab concrete is cast between the steel arch frame and the retaining plate, a clay waterproof layer is laid on the top, and a drainage ditch is made.

[0006] Preferably, a plurality of small grouting ducts are provided in the foundation.

[0007] Preferably, a pipe shed and a concrete casing are sequentially sleeved on the outer side of the steel arch frame, and the steel arch frame, the pipe shed and the concrete casing form an open hole.

[0008] Preferably, the gaps in the prefabricated pedestal and the top of the prefabricated pedestal are filled with cast-in-place concrete.

[0009] Preferably, a reserved steel pipe pile hole is opened on the prefabricated bearing platform, the top of the steel tube concrete column is located in the reserved steel pipe pile hole, and the bottom of the assembled column is connected to the steel tube concrete column.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the steel tube concrete column is provided with threads, the bottom of the assembled column is connected to the steel tube concrete column via a flange, and the threaded end extends into the flange and is threadedly connected to the flange.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of ribs are staggeredly arranged in the prefabricated support.

[0012] Preferably, siltation wells are symmetrically arranged in the open hole, and the siltation wells are connected to side blind drains.

[0013] Preferably, longitudinal drainage and transverse drainage are respectively provided in the open hole, and a crushed stone filter layer and a crushed stone waterproof layer are respectively provided at the longitudinal drainage.

[0014] A construction method for a fast-building structure combining a retaining wall and an open hole comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Backfill the foundation with mortar-laid slabs and carry out invert construction at the same time, and compact it layer by layer to improve the bearing capacity of the foundation;

[0016] S2. Carry out the construction of prefabricated caps and the reinforcement binding of gaps;

[0017] S3, after backfilling, grouting is performed on the base to form a reliable bearing foundation;

[0018] S4, pouring invert concrete;

[0019] S5, steel arch frame initial support, steel arch frames are connected and reinforced with steel cross braces;

[0020] S6. Installation of mortise and tenon structure assembled retaining plates and assembled columns, and pouring of steel tube concrete columns;

[0021] S7, pouring the rubble concrete between the steel arch frame and the retaining plate;

[0022] S8. Top construction, using clay waterproof layer and drainage ditch to complete the construction.

[0023] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: the rapidly constructed open-cut structure of the present invention adopts a reliable foundation structure, and each structure forms a frame system, which can reduce ground subsidence and cracking, improve its hole stability, increase the service life of the tunnel, and significantly reduce the cracking probability of the open-cut and the misalignment of the arch foot; the assembled columns and retaining plates adopt mortise and tenon structures, which can significantly shorten the construction period and improve the construction efficiency; due to the modular design of prefabricated components, only simple assembly operations are required on the construction site, which reduces a lot of time and labor required for the traditional cast-in-place method. The assembled construction method not only saves manpower and material resources, but also improves the overall quality and progress control ability of the project, which can not only greatly shorten the construction period, but also significantly improve the construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 The structure of the construction process of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 2 The structure of the construction process of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 3 The structure of the construction process of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 3 ;

[0028] Figure 4 The structure of the construction process of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 4 ;

[0029] Figure 5 The structure of the construction process of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 5 ;

[0030] Figure 6 The structure of the construction process of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 6 ;

[0031] Figure 7 The structure of the construction process of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 7 ;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the steel arch frame and the steel cross brace of the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 A top view of the steel arch connection arrangement of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.10 It is a side view of the steel arch connection arrangement of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.11 It is a structural stereogram of the assembled column and the steel arch frame connected by the steel section of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the steel connection method of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0037] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the steel connection method of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0038] Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the components of the assembled column and retaining plate of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0039] Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the components of the assembled column and retaining plate of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0040] Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the components of the assembled column and retaining plate of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0041] Fig.17 A three-dimensional diagram of the assembled column and retaining plate of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of reinforcement of the retaining plate of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.19 A three-dimensional diagram of the prefabricated cap of the present invention;

[0044] Fig. 20 Schematic diagram of the connection method between the assembled column and the prefabricated cap of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0045] Fig.21 Schematic diagram of the connection method between the assembled column and the prefabricated cap of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0046] Fig. 22 Schematic diagram of the connection method between the assembled column and the prefabricated cap of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0047] Fig.23 Schematic diagram of the connection method between the assembled column and the prefabricated cap of the present invention Figure 4 ;

[0048] Fig.24 This is a schematic diagram of tunnel drainage according to the present invention;

[0049] Fig.25 This is a large-scale drawing of the longitudinal drainage of the present invention;

[0050] In the figure: 1. Grouting anchor rod; 2. Grouting small conduit; 3. Mortared rubble; 4. Inverted arch; 5. Steel tube concrete column; 6. Steel arch frame; 7. Pipe shed; 8. Concrete sleeve arch; 9. Concrete casting block; 10. Prefabricated column; 11. Retaining board; 12. Steel section; 13. Clay water barrier; 14. Drainage ditch; 15. Sluice hole; 16. Rubble concrete; 17. Longitudinal drainage; 18. Gravel filter layer; 19. Gravel water barrier; 20. Horizontal drainage; 21. Sedimentation well; 22. Side culvert; 23. Cast-in-place concrete; 24. Beard rib; 25. Reserved steel pipe pile hole; 26. Prefabricated pedestal; 27. Flange; 28. Thread. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0053] Reference Figure 1-Figure 25 As shown, this embodiment provides a fast construction structure of a retaining wall and an open hole, including a grouting anchor rod 1 located in a slope, a foundation formed by mortar-laid slabs 3 for replacing the open hole foundation, symmetrically arranged inverted arches 4 on the foundation, a steel arch frame 6 on the top of the inverted arch 4, a plurality of prefabricated caps 26 cast on one side of the foundation, assembled columns 10 installed on the top of the prefabricated caps 26, retaining plates 11 mortised between adjacent assembled columns 10, and steel arch frames 6 and assembled columns 10 and steel arch frames 6 respectively. A number of steel sections 12 are fixedly connected, and a stable frame structure is formed by connecting the steel sections 12 with the steel arch frame 6. A number of steel tube concrete columns 5 are cast in the slope of the original ground line, the bottom of the prefabricated pedestal 26, and the inverted arch 4 respectively. Concrete is cast in the inverted arch 4 and kept flush with the foundation. Concrete casting blocks 9 are arranged on the outside of the steel tube concrete columns 5 on the slope of the original ground line. Flaked stone concrete 16 is cast between the steel arch frame 6 and the retaining plate 11, a clay waterproof layer 13 is laid on the top, and a drainage ditch 14 is made.

[0054] The rapidly constructed open-cut structure of the present invention adopts a reliable foundation structure and various structures to form a frame system, which can reduce ground subsidence and cracking, improve its hole stability, increase the service life of the tunnel, and significantly reduce the cracking probability and arch foot misalignment of the open-cut; the assembled columns 10 and retaining plates 11 adopt mortise and tenon structures, which can significantly shorten the construction period and improve construction efficiency; due to the modular design of prefabricated components, only simple assembly operations are required on the construction site, which reduces a lot of time and labor required for the traditional cast-in-place method. The assembled construction method not only saves manpower and material resources, but also improves the overall quality and progress control ability of the project, which can not only greatly shorten the construction period, but also significantly improve the construction efficiency.

[0055] Furthermore, the assembled columns 10 are connected by ultra-high performance mortar UHPM mortar, which has excellent mechanical properties and durability. Unlike ordinary mortar, it does not contain steel fibers, but uses cement, silica fume or fly ash, quartz sand, high-efficiency water reducer and tap water as raw materials. The retaining plate 11 and the assembled columns 10 are constructed with mortise and tenon structure, which can shorten the construction period. At the same time, UHPM is a high-performance material, and its use in the construction of reinforced concrete structure combinations can also improve a certain bearing capacity.

[0056] Furthermore, the connection between the retaining plate 11 and the assembled column 10 is reinforced with high-strength bolts to improve the overall stability.

[0057] Furthermore, the retaining plate 11 is cast from high-strength concrete to enhance the bearing capacity.

[0058] Furthermore, the surfaces of the steel tube concrete column 5 and the steel section 12 are coated with anti-corrosion coating (such as polyurethane) to enhance the anti-corrosion performance.

[0059] Further optimizing the scheme, a plurality of small grouting conduits 2 are arranged in the foundation. The small grouting conduits 2 used are arranged in a plum blossom shape, and a reserved length is provided to improve the foundation strength.

[0060] To further optimize the solution, a pipe shed 7 and a concrete casing arch 8 are sequentially provided on the outside of the steel arch frame 6, and the steel arch frame 6, the pipe shed 7 and the concrete casing arch 8 form an open hole.

[0061] According to a further optimized solution, the gaps in the precast foundation 26 and the top of the precast foundation 26 are filled with cast-in-place concrete 23 .

[0062] To further optimize the solution, a reserved steel pipe pile hole 25 is opened on the prefabricated foundation 26 , the top of the steel tube concrete column 5 is located in the reserved steel pipe pile hole 25 , and the bottom of the assembled column 10 is connected to the steel tube concrete column 5 .

[0063] According to a further optimization scheme, a thread 28 is provided on the top of the steel tube concrete column 5 , and the bottom of the assembled column 10 is connected to the steel tube concrete column 5 through a flange 27 , and the end of the thread 28 extends into the flange 27 and is connected to the thread 28 of the flange 27 .

[0064] To further optimize the solution, a plurality of ribs 24 are staggeredly arranged in the prefabricated foundation 26 .

[0065] To further optimize the solution, siltation wells 21 are symmetrically arranged in the open tunnel, and the siltation wells 21 are connected to a side blind ditch 22.

[0066] To further optimize the scheme, longitudinal drainage 17 and transverse drainage 20 are respectively provided in the open hole, and a crushed stone filter layer 18 and a crushed stone waterproof layer 19 are respectively provided at the longitudinal drainage 17. A 3-5 cm crushed stone filter layer 18 and a C15 plain concrete waterproof layer are used at the longitudinal drainage 17.

[0067] Furthermore, UPHM mortar is used to connect the assembled columns 10 and the retaining plates 11 to ensure reliable connection and improve service life; mortared stone slabs 3 and grouting small conduits 2 are used for connection and fixation in foundation backfilling to improve the bearing capacity of the foundation; at the same time, the assembled columns 10, the retaining plates 11 and the steel tube concrete columns 5 form a whole, and the entire structure can effectively prevent ground subsidence, cracking and low construction efficiency, thereby improving the safety and construction efficiency of the project.

[0068] A construction method for a fast-building structure combining a retaining wall and an open hole comprises the following steps:

[0069] S1, backfill the foundation with mortar-laid stone 3 and construct the invert 4 at the same time, and compact it layer by layer to improve the bearing capacity of the foundation;

[0070] S2, construction of prefabricated cap 26 and reinforcement tying of gaps;

[0071] S3, after the backfill is completed, the base is grouted to form a reliable bearing foundation, and the small grouting pipes 2 used are arranged in a plum blossom shape and have a reserved length;

[0072] S4, pouring concrete for invert 4;

[0073] S5, the steel arch frame 6 is initially supported, and the steel arch frames 6 are connected and reinforced with cross braces of section steel 12;

[0074] S6, installing the mortise and tenon structure assembled retaining plate 11 and assembled columns 10, and pouring the steel tube concrete column 5;

[0075] S7, pouring the rubble concrete 16 between the steel arch frame 6 and the retaining plate 11, and taking drainage measures;

[0076] S8, pouring the rubble concrete 16 between the open hole and the retaining plate 11, laying the clay waterproof layer 13 on the top and making the drainage ditch 14, and completing the construction.

[0077] The foundation is backfilled with mortar-laid flagstones 3 and consolidated with grouting small conduits 2, so that a stable and reliable foundation is provided, which can reduce the problem of ground settlement and improve durability. At the same time, the steel tube concrete column 5 and the concrete casting block 9 further improve the stability of the soil layer; the modular design of prefabricated components is adopted, and only simple assembly operations are required on the construction site, which reduces the large amount of time and labor required for the traditional cast-in-place method. The prefabricated construction method not only saves manpower and material resources, but also improves the overall quality and progress control ability of the project, which can not only greatly shorten the construction period, but also significantly improve the construction efficiency; the cast-in-place UHPM mortar used improves the service life and durability, and each structure forms a whole, which improves the safety and construction efficiency of the project.

[0078] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0079] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fast-building structure combining a retaining wall and an open hole, characterized in that: The invention comprises a grouting anchor rod (1) located in a slope, a mortar-laid slab stone (3) is used for replacing the open hole foundation, an inverted arch (4) is symmetrically arranged on the foundation, a steel arch frame (6) is set up above the inverted arch (4), a plurality of prefabricated caps (26) are cast on one side of the foundation, a prefabricated column (10) is installed on the top of the prefabricated cap (26), a retaining plate (11) is mortised between adjacent prefabricated columns (10), a plurality of section steels (12) are respectively fixedly connected between the steel arch frame (6) and the prefabricated columns (10) and on the steel arch frame (6), and a plurality of section steels (12) are fixedly connected to the steel arch frame (6) through the section steels. (12) is connected with the steel arch frame (6) to form a stable frame structure. A plurality of steel tube concrete columns (5) are cast in the slope of the original ground line, the bottom of the prefabricated pedestal (26), and the inverted arch (4). Concrete is cast in the inverted arch (4) and kept flush with the foundation. Concrete casting blocks (9) are provided on the outer side of the steel tube concrete columns (5) on the slope of the original ground line. Stone concrete (16) is cast between the steel arch frame (6) and the retaining plate (11), and a clay waterproof layer (13) is laid on the top and a drainage ditch (14) is made.

2. The fast construction structure of the combination of retaining wall and open hole according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of small grouting conduits (2) are arranged in the foundation.

3. The fast construction structure of the combination of retaining wall and open hole according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer side of the steel arch frame (6) is sequentially sleeved with a pipe shed (7) and a concrete sleeve arch (8); the steel arch frame (6), the pipe shed (7) and the concrete sleeve arch (8) form an open hole.

4. The fast construction structure of the combination of retaining wall and open hole according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gaps of the prefabricated foundation (26) and the top of the prefabricated foundation (26) are filled with cast-in-place concrete (23).

5. The fast construction structure of the combination of retaining wall and open hole according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A reserved steel pipe pile hole (25) is provided on the prefabricated foundation (26), the top of the steel tube concrete column (5) is located in the reserved steel pipe pile hole (25), and the bottom of the assembled column (10) is connected to the steel tube concrete column (5).

6. The fast construction structure of the combination of retaining wall and open hole according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The top of the steel tube concrete column (5) is provided with a thread (28), the bottom of the assembled column (10) is connected to the steel tube concrete column (5) via a flange (27), and the end of the thread (28) extends into the flange (27) and is connected to the flange (27) thread (28).

7. The fast construction structure of the combination of retaining wall and open hole according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of beard ribs (24) are arranged in an alternating manner in the prefabricated support platform (26).

8. The fast construction structure of the combination of retaining wall and open hole according to claim 3 is characterized by: A sand settling well (21) is symmetrically arranged in the open hole, and the sand settling well (21) is connected to a side dark ditch (22).

9. The fast construction structure of the combination of retaining wall and open hole according to claim 3 is characterized by: A longitudinal drainage (17) and a transverse drainage (20) are respectively arranged in the open hole, and a crushed stone filter layer (18) and a crushed stone water-blocking layer (19) are respectively arranged at the longitudinal drainage (17).

10. A construction method for a fast-building structure of a combination of a retaining wall and an open hole, based on the fast-building structure of a combination of a retaining wall and an open hole according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, backfilling the foundation with mortared slabs (3) and constructing an invert (4) at the same time, and compacting the foundation layer by layer to improve the bearing capacity of the foundation; S2, carrying out the construction of the prefabricated cap (26) and the steel bar binding of the gap; S3, after backfilling, grouting is performed on the base to form a reliable bearing foundation; S4, pouring concrete for the invert (4); S5, the steel arch frame (6) is initially supported, and the steel arch frames (6) are connected and reinforced with cross braces made of section steel (12); S6, installing the mortise and tenon structure assembled retaining plate (11) and assembled columns (10), and pouring the steel tube concrete column (5); S7, pouring the rubble concrete (16) between the steel arch frame (6) and the retaining plate (11); S8, top construction, using clay waterproof layer (13) and drainage ditch (14) to complete the construction.

Images