Floor heave treatment method

Abstract

The invention provides a floor heave treatment method, and relates to the technical field of underground engineering supporting, and the floor heave treatment method comprises the following steps: carrying out bottom cutting operation on a bottom plate of a target roadway; laying the pitwood along a first preset direction; the target steel and the pitwood are fixed to the bottom plate; concrete materials are adopted for bottom filling operation, and the concrete materials at least comprise one of ordinary concrete and foamed concrete; the concrete obtained after bottom filling operation is subjected to curing operation; and under the condition that it is determined that the maintenance operation is finished, backfilling operation and tamping operation are conducted. By means of the technical scheme, the problem that in the prior art, a floor heave treatment method is poor in treatment effect is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of underground engineering support, and in particular to a method for controlling bottom drum. Background Art

[0002] Coal currently occupies and will occupy a dominant position in my country's energy sector for a long time. The intensity of coal resource exploitation is still increasing. The coal seams in some mining areas in my country with simple occurrence and excellent mining conditions are about to be exhausted. Coal mining is gradually moving towards deep mining. However, with the increase of tunnel depth, the pressure on the tunnel floor gradually increases, resulting in obvious bottom bulging phenomenon in the tunnel floor, and the deformation and damage of the tunnel floor often lead to the reduction of the tunnel section or even the failure of support. The occurrence of this phenomenon will affect the normal coal production in the coal mine at the least, and the life safety of the workers in the coal mine at the worst.

[0003] At present, the solution to tunnel floor heave is usually direct grouting. This treatment method does not take into account that the stress on the floor becomes more serious as the tunnel depth increases, resulting in poor actual treatment effect. The tunnel floor must be excavated and repaired multiple times in the future to meet the actual safety production and use needs, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and costly. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a partition-type foamed concrete floor heave treatment method that can adapt to the stress conditions of the floor of deep mine tunnels and can be constructed in one go. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a bottom drum treatment method to solve the problem of poor treatment effect of the bottom drum treatment method in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present application, a method for controlling bottom drum is provided, comprising the following steps: performing bottom profile operation on the bottom plate of the target tunnel; performing pit timber laying operation along a first preset direction; fixing the target steel and pit timber on the bottom plate; performing bottom filling operation with concrete material, wherein the concrete material comprises at least one of the following: ordinary concrete and foamed concrete; performing curing operation on the concrete after the bottom filling operation; and performing backfilling operation and compaction operation when it is determined that the curing operation is completed.

[0006] Furthermore, the bottom plate of the target tunnel is subjected to bottom profile operation, including: crushing operation on the bottom plate, the depth of the crushing operation is 1.1 to 1.3 m; and excavation operation on the bottom plate, the width of the excavation operation is equal to the width of the bottom plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the pit timbers are laid along a first preset direction; including: laying the pit timbers at intervals along a second preset direction to form pit timber groups, wherein at least three pit timbers form a pit timber group, the distance between two adjacent pit timbers is 3m, and the second preset direction is perpendicular to the first preset direction; laying multiple pit timber groups along the first preset direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the steel and the pit wood are fixed on the bottom plate, including: drilling holes in the target steel; aligning the drilled holes on the target steel with the pit wood; and fixing the target steel and the pit wood on the bottom plate using anchor cables.

[0009] Further, aligning the drilled holes on the target steel with the pit wood includes: drilling holes on the H-shaped steel, and aligning the H-shaped steel with the birch wood, wherein the model of the H-shaped steel is Q355B.

[0010] Furthermore, anchor cables are used to fix the target steel and pit timber on the bottom plate, including: anchor cables with a pre-tightening force greater than or equal to 120KN are used to fix the target steel and pit timber on the bottom plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom filling operation is performed using concrete materials, including: preparing ordinary concrete; preparing foamed concrete;

[0012] Multiple metal plates are used to divide multiple filling areas, and the distance between two adjacent metal plates is 3m; ordinary concrete and foamed concrete are alternately filled into the filling areas to complete the bottom filling operation.

[0013] Furthermore, preparing ordinary concrete includes: crushing the rocks excavated in the bottom cutting operation; screening the crushed rocks to obtain first target rocks, the first target rocks being rocks with a particle size of 5-10 mm;

[0014] Ordinary Portland cement, first target rock, and water were mixed in a mixing ratio of 2:2:3, and the mixture was mixed and stirred in a rotary mixer for 5 minutes to obtain ordinary concrete.

[0015] Further, the foamed concrete is prepared, including: crushing the rocks excavated in the bottom cutting operation; screening the crushed rocks to obtain second target rocks, the second target rocks being rocks with a particle size of 5-10 mm;

[0016] Ordinary Portland cement, the second target rock, a foaming agent, and water were mixed in a mixing ratio of 1:1:2:3, and the mixture was mixed and stirred in a rotary mixer for 5 minutes to obtain foamed concrete.

[0017] Furthermore, when it is determined that the maintenance work is completed, backfilling and compacting operations are performed, including: when it is determined that the maintenance work is completed, backfill material is laid on top of the concrete material, wherein the backfill material includes gangue and the laying thickness is 50 mm; and the backfill material is compacted by a compacting mechanism.

[0018] By applying the technical solution of the present application, after the bottom slab of the target tunnel is profiled, pit wood and target steel are used for laying, and then at least two concrete materials are used for bottom filling. After the concrete curing is completed, backfilling and compaction operations are performed. This helps to adapt to the stress conditions of the bottom slab of deep mine tunnels, optimize the control effect, and solve the problem of poor control effect of the bottom drum control method in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings constituting part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 A process flow chart of a first embodiment of a bottom drum treatment method according to the present application is shown;

[0021] Figure 2 A process flow chart of a second embodiment of a bottom drum treatment method according to the present application is shown;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a laneway according to the present application is shown;

[0023] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a laying operation according to the present application is shown;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a bottom filling operation according to the present application.

[0025] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0026] 1. Laneway;

[0027] 2. Backfill;

[0028] 3. H-beam;

[0029] 4. Pit wood;

[0030] 5. Concrete; 51. Foamed concrete; 52. Ordinary concrete;

[0031] 6. Anchor cable;

[0032] 7. Metal plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, for example. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0036] Now, exemplary embodiments according to the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in a variety of different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present application thorough and complete, and to fully convey the concepts of these exemplary embodiments to those of ordinary skill in the art. In the accompanying drawings, for the sake of clarity, the thickness of the layers and regions may be enlarged, and the same reference numerals are used to represent the same devices, and thus their descriptions will be omitted.

[0037] Combination Figures 1 to 5 In a specific embodiment of the present application, a bottom drum treatment method is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Step S100: performing bottom profile operation on the bottom plate of the target tunnel.

[0039] In step S100, appropriate excavation equipment is required to excavate the floor of the excavated tunnel 1 to remove the bottom drum part and form a plane suitable for subsequent operations. The bottom sectioning operation adopts mechanical crushing and manual excavation. The depth of the lowest point of the required cut bottom plate from the initial position is 1.2m. The excavation width is consistent with the width of the tunnel floor. During the bottom sectioning operation, in order to keep the depth and curvature of the cut bottom plate consistent as much as possible, laser equipment should be used for directional operation.

[0040] Step S200: Laying pit wood along a first preset direction.

[0041] In step S200, the first preset direction is the direction of the tunnel, and the pit timbers 4 are divided into multiple groups. The laying direction of the multiple groups of pit timbers 4 is consistent with the direction of the tunnel. In each group of pit timbers 4, multiple pit timbers 4 are laid along the width direction of the bottom plate, which can provide lateral support force. The geometric center line of each pit timber 4 is consistent with the direction of the tunnel, thereby enhancing the stability of the tunnel bottom plate.

[0042] Step S300: Fix the target steel and pit wood on the bottom plate.

[0043] In step S300, H-shaped steel 3 is used as the target steel material, and three pit timbers 4 are grouped together. The H-shaped steel 3 is placed along the direction of the tunnel to connect and fix the pit timbers 4. At least five H-shaped steels 3 are set for each group of pit timbers 4 to ensure the stability of the connection. Anchor cables 6 are used to further fix the H-shaped steel 3 and pit timbers 4 to ensure that they are firmly attached to the bottom plate.

[0044] Step S400: using concrete to perform bottom filling operation, wherein the concrete includes at least one of the following: ordinary concrete and foamed concrete.

[0045] In step S400, after the steel and pit wood are fixed, concrete 5 is used to fill the bottom. Here, ordinary concrete 52 and foamed concrete 51 are selected for use in combination. Foamed concrete 51 can effectively reduce the load of the tunnel floor due to its light weight, high strength and good sound insulation and heat insulation performance, while providing sufficient support. Ordinary concrete 52 can be used in areas that require higher strength and stability.

[0046] Step S500: performing maintenance work on the concrete after the bottom filling operation.

[0047] In step S500, after the concrete 5 is filled, it needs to be cured to ensure its strength and stability. During the curing period, the surface of the concrete 5 should be kept moist to prevent the water from evaporating too quickly and causing the concrete 5 to crack. The curing time should be determined according to the type of concrete 5 and environmental conditions, and generally takes several days to several weeks. In a specific embodiment of the present application, the curing age of both concretes is 24 hours under normal working environment conditions.

[0048] Step S600: When it is determined that the maintenance work is completed, backfilling and compaction work are performed.

[0049] In step S600, when the concrete 5 reaches the designed strength, backfilling is performed, and suitable backfill material 2 (such as gravel, sand, etc.) is used to cover the concrete, and then compaction is performed to ensure a close connection between the backfill material 2 and the concrete 5 and between the backfill material 2 and the tunnel floor, thereby further enhancing the stability of the tunnel floor.

[0050] Combination Figure 3 As shown, through the above steps, the partition-type use of foamed concrete 51 and ordinary concrete 52, combined with the support of pit wood and steel, and the subsequent backfilling and compaction, can effectively control the bottom heave problem of the tunnel. Compared with the traditional method, it has the advantages of high construction efficiency, low cost, and lasting control effect.

[0051] Furthermore, the bottom slab of the target tunnel is subjected to bottom profile operation, including:

[0052] Step S110: performing a crushing operation on the bottom plate, the crushing operation depth is 1.1 to 1.3 m.

[0053] In step S110, the bottom plate is crushed to a depth of 1.1 to 1.3 m. The purpose of this step is to remove the bulging and deformed parts of the tunnel bottom plate. Crushing operations usually use tools such as breaker hammers and hydraulic crushers to crush the bulging or hardened parts of the bottom plate to facilitate subsequent excavation operations. The crushing depth is set to 1.1 to 1.3 m to ensure that the bulging parts that affect the stability of the tunnel can be completely removed, while also taking into account the minimum damage to the tunnel bottom plate structure to avoid unnecessary damage to the tunnel structure caused by excessive excavation.

[0054] Step S120: excavating the bottom plate, wherein the width of the excavation is equal to the width of the bottom plate.

[0055] In step S120, the excavation operation is performed after the crushing operation is completed, and its purpose is to clean up the crushed materials and prepare for the subsequent laying of pit wood and filling of concrete. The width of the excavation is equal to the width of the bottom plate, ensuring that the entire tunnel bottom plate can be effectively treated without leaving any dead corners. The excavation operation can be performed using equipment such as tunnel boring machines and excavators to improve efficiency and safety.

[0056] It should be noted that during the bottom sectioning operation, in order to keep the depth and curvature of the bottom plate as consistent as possible, laser equipment should be used for directional operation, and the bottom plate after excavation should be cleaned to keep the construction area free of foreign matter, ditches and protrusions. The waste rock after the bottom sectioning operation can be reused as backfill material 2 and concrete aggregate.

[0057] Furthermore, the pit wood is laid along a first preset direction; including:

[0058] Step S210: Lay pit logs at intervals along a second preset direction to form a pit log group, wherein at least three pit logs form a pit log group, the distance between two adjacent pit logs is 3m, and the second preset direction is perpendicular to the first preset direction.

[0059] In step S210, Figure 4As shown, the second preset direction is the width direction of the tunnel floor. The pit wood 4 is laid at intervals along this direction to form a transverse support structure, enhance the transverse stability of the floor, and resist the pressure generated by the bottom drum. At least three pit woods 4 form a pit wood group, and the distance between two adjacent pit woods 4 is 3m, which ensures the support efficiency of the pit wood and improves stability.

[0060] Step S220: laying a plurality of pit wood groups along a first preset direction.

[0061] In step S220, the first preset direction is the direction of the tunnel. After completing the laying of the pit timber groups in step S210, continue to lay multiple such pit timber groups along the longitudinal direction so that the entire tunnel floor is covered with pit timber support structures to form a pit timber network.

[0062] Through the above steps, the load of the upper support structure can be dispersed and evenly transferred, thereby improving the stability of the entire tunnel structure.

[0063] Further, the steel and pit wood are fixed to the bottom plate, including:

[0064] Step S310: drilling the target steel material.

[0065] In step S310, the web of the H-shaped steel 3 is drilled before use. The purpose of drilling is to install anchor cables, and the H-shaped steel 3 is fixed to the tunnel floor through the anchor cables 6. The drilling should be carried out according to the preset anchor point position, and the hole diameter and depth should be suitable for the selected anchor cable specifications to ensure the strength and stability of the anchoring.

[0066] Step S320: Align the drilled hole on the target steel material with the pit wood.

[0067] In step S320, the web with the drilled holes of the H-shaped steel 3 is accurately aligned with the laid pit wood 4 during use, so that the pit wood 4 and the H-shaped steel 3 can be fixed to the bottom plate together with the anchor cable 6. The alignment process requires precise measurement to ensure that the connection points between each set of pit wood 4 and the H-shaped steel are accurate to form a stable support frame.

[0068] Step S330: Use anchor cables to fix the target steel and pit wood on the bottom plate.

[0069] In step S330, the bottom control anchor cable is driven in to fix the H-beam 3 and the pit wood 4. The anchor cable 6 is a high-strength metal cable that firmly anchors the target steel (such as the H-beam 3) and the pit wood 4 to the tunnel floor through the prestressing principle. When installing the anchor cable 6, the anchor cable 6 needs to be passed through the drilled hole on the H-beam 3, and then fixed to the tunnel floor through the anchor device at the bottom. The number and arrangement of the anchor cables 6 should be determined according to the specific conditions and design requirements of the tunnel floor to ensure the stability and safety of the entire reinforcement structure.

[0070] Further, aligning the drilled holes in the target steel with the pit wood includes:

[0071] Step S321: drilling holes on the H-shaped steel and aligning the H-shaped steel with the birch, wherein the model of the H-shaped steel is Q355B.

[0072] In step S321, the pit wood is in the shape of a plate and has been subjected to a uniform bending process. The cross-sectional size of the pit wood is a rectangle of 200mm×100mm, the bending length is 5.9m, and the pit wood is made of birch. The H-shaped steel model is Q355B, and the size is 200mm×200mm×8mm×12mm.

[0073] Furthermore, anchor cables are used to fix the target steel and pit wood on the bottom plate, including:

[0074] Step S331: Use anchor cables with a preload force greater than or equal to 120 KN to fix the target steel and pit wood on the bottom plate.

[0075] In step S331, the bottom anchor cable is selected to have a diameter of The steel strand anchor cable, with a length of 3300mm and a preload force of not less than 120KN, is arranged at the intersection of the H-shaped steel 3 and the pit wood 4, and is fixed with a 170mm×170mm×12mm dome-shaped iron support plate and a self-aligning ball pad.

[0076] Further, the bottom filling operation is performed using concrete, including:

[0077] Step S410: preparing ordinary concrete.

[0078] In step S410, ordinary concrete 52 has high compressive strength and good bearing capacity, and is suitable for use in areas requiring high-strength support.

[0079] Step S420: preparing foamed concrete.

[0080] In step S420, the foamed concrete 51 is formed by adding a foaming agent to the ordinary concrete 52 to generate bubbles by physical or chemical means, thereby forming a light and porous concrete. The foamed concrete 51 has a low density, good thermal insulation and sound insulation performance, and a certain compressive strength, and is suitable for bottom plate filling, which can reduce the dead weight of the structure and provide necessary support.

[0081] Step S430: multiple metal plates are used to divide multiple filling areas, and the distance between two adjacent metal plates is 3m.

[0082] In step S430, a plurality of 3m wide filling areas are divided on the tunnel floor using metal plates 7 (e.g., steel templates) to achieve partitioned filling. This partitioned design can ensure that the ordinary concrete 52 and the foamed concrete 51 maintain their independence and effects during filling, and avoid uneven settlement or strength differences that may occur when mixed.

[0083] Step S440: filling the filling area with ordinary concrete and foamed concrete alternately to complete the bottom filling operation.

[0084] Combination Figure 5 As shown, in step S440, after the filling area is divided, ordinary concrete 52 and foamed concrete 51 are alternately filled into these areas. Specifically, the foamed concrete 51 is first filled in one filling area, and then the ordinary concrete 52 is filled in the adjacent filling area, and this is alternately performed until the entire tunnel floor is filled. This alternating filling method combines the advantages of the two types of concrete, which can not only provide sufficient supporting strength, but also reduce the weight of the entire tunnel floor, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of subsequent maintenance. Among them, the concrete needs to be filled in the filling area to the height position of the original floor surface before the bottom cutting operation.

[0085] In the above steps, by alternately filling ordinary concrete 52 and foamed concrete 51 in a partitioned manner, the stability and supporting performance of the tunnel floor can be effectively improved, while also reducing the amount of materials used and construction costs, which is an economical and practical method for treating tunnel floor heave. In actual operation, attention should also be paid to the pouring speed and vibration method of the concrete to ensure that the concrete can be fully filled and compacted, so as to achieve the expected treatment effect.

[0086] Further, ordinary concrete is prepared, comprising:

[0087] Step S411: crushing the rocks excavated during the bottom profile operation.

[0088] Step S412: Screen the crushed rock to obtain a first target rock, where the first target rock is a rock with a particle size of 5-10 mm.

[0089] Step S413: ordinary Portland cement, the first target rock, and water are mixed in a mixing ratio of 2:2:3, and the mixture is mixed and stirred in a rotary mixer for 5 minutes to obtain ordinary concrete.

[0090] Through the above steps, ordinary concrete 52 can be prepared using the rock resources excavated on site. This concrete is used for the reinforcement of the tunnel floor and can provide the necessary supporting strength. At the same time, through the alternating filling of foamed concrete 51, a partition-type composite supporting structure is formed, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively controlling the tunnel floor heave.

[0091] Further, preparing foamed concrete comprises:

[0092] Step S421: crushing the rocks excavated during the bottom profile operation.

[0093] Step S422: Screen the crushed rock to obtain a second target rock, where the second target rock is a rock with a particle size of 5-10 mm.

[0094] Step S423: ordinary Portland cement, the second target rock, the foaming agent, and water are mixed in a mixing ratio of 1:1:2:3, and the mixture is mixed and stirred in a rotary mixer for 5 minutes to obtain foamed concrete 51.

[0095] In step S423, the foaming agent is Honeywell's Innova 245fa.

[0096] In the above steps, in addition to cement and aggregate (second target rock), a foaming agent is also added, whose function is to introduce a large number of tiny bubbles into the concrete to form a lightweight porous structure. This structure can significantly reduce the density of concrete, which is beneficial to reduce the deadweight of the tunnel floor and reduce the influence of ground stress while maintaining a certain compressive strength. Ordinary Portland cement, second target rock, foaming agent, and water are mixed in a mixing ratio of 1:1:2:3, and these materials are added to a rotary mixer. After 5 minutes of sufficient stirring, a uniform and stable foamed concrete 51 can be prepared. The stirring time is set to ensure that the foaming agent can be evenly distributed and the bubbles can be fully stable, thereby ensuring the performance of the foamed concrete 51.

[0097] Furthermore, when it is determined that the maintenance work is completed, backfilling and compaction work are carried out, including:

[0098] Step S610: When it is determined that the maintenance work is completed, the backfill material 2 is laid on top of the concrete 5, wherein the backfill material includes gangue and the laying thickness is 50 mm.

[0099] In step S610, after the curing period of the concrete expires, the tunnel needs to be backfilled to restore its traffic capacity and production conditions. Figure 2 As shown, the backfill material 2 usually includes solid waste such as gangue generated during the tunnel excavation process. After being crushed and screened, these materials can be reused and laid on top of the concrete as the backfill layer of the base plate. The laying thickness is set to 50mm, which can provide sufficient coverage protection to prevent the concrete from being directly exposed and ensure that the passage height of the tunnel is not affected too much. The backfill gangue can also play a certain supporting role and contribute to the stability of the concrete layer.

[0100] Step S620: using a compacting mechanism to compact the backfill material.

[0101] In step S620, after the backfill material is laid, it needs to be compacted using a compaction mechanism in order to improve the density of the backfill layer, reduce the void ratio, and enhance its support capacity and stability. Compacting can be done manually or mechanically, and common equipment includes flat plate compactors, vibratory compactors, etc. Compacting can ensure close contact between the backfill layer and the underlying concrete, avoiding the formation of voids or loose areas, thereby improving the structural integrity and safety of the entire tunnel floor.

[0102] These two steps not only help to restore the original state of the tunnel, but also further enhance the stability of the floor and prevent the floor bulge that may occur in the future. Reasonable selection of backfill and compaction are of great significance for the long-term safe operation of the tunnel and reducing the subsequent maintenance workload. In actual operation, the laying and compaction of backfill should be carried out evenly to avoid local excessive thickness or thinness to ensure the flatness and stability of the entire tunnel floor.

[0103] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:

[0104] The partition type uses foamed concrete and ordinary concrete, combined with the support of pit wood and steel, and the subsequent backfilling and compaction, which can effectively control the bottom heave problem of the tunnel. Compared with traditional methods, it has the advantages of high construction efficiency, low cost and lasting control effect.

[0105] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0106] In addition to the above, it should be noted that "one embodiment", "another embodiment", "embodiment", etc. mentioned in this specification refer to the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment included in at least one embodiment generally described in this application. The same expression appearing in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Further, when describing a specific feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with any embodiment, it is claimed that the realization of such feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of this application.

[0107] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0108] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A bottom drum treatment method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Carry out bottom sectioning operation on the bottom plate of the target tunnel; Laying the pit wood along a first preset direction; Fixing the target steel material and the pit wood on the bottom plate; The bottom filling operation is performed using concrete material, wherein the concrete material includes at least one of the following: ordinary concrete and foamed concrete; Performing curing operation on the concrete after the bottom filling operation; When it is determined that the maintenance work is completed, backfilling and compaction work are carried out.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Performing the bottom profile operation on the bottom plate of the target tunnel includes: The bottom plate is crushed to a depth of 1.1 to 1.3 m; An excavation operation is performed on the bottom plate, and a width of the excavation operation is equal to a width of the bottom plate.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Laying the pit wood along a first preset direction; include: Laying the pit woods at intervals along a second preset direction to form a pit wood group, wherein at least three pit woods form a pit wood group, the distance between two adjacent pit woods is 3m, and the second preset direction is perpendicular to the first preset direction; A plurality of the pit wood groups are laid along the first preset direction.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Fixing the steel material and the pit wood on the bottom plate includes: Drilling the target steel; aligning the drilled hole in the target steel material with the pit wood; The target steel and the pit wood are fixed to the bottom plate by using anchor cables.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Aligning the drilled hole in the target steel with the pit wood, including: Drill holes in the H-beam and align the H-beam with the birch, The model of the H-shaped steel is Q355B.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The anchor cable is used to fix the target steel and the pit wood on the bottom plate, including: The target steel and the pit wood are fixed on the bottom plate by using anchor cables with a pre-tightening force greater than or equal to 120KN.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The bottom filling operation is performed using the concrete material, including: preparing the ordinary concrete; preparing the foamed concrete; Multiple metal plates are used to divide multiple filling areas, and the distance between two adjacent metal plates is 3m; The ordinary concrete and the foamed concrete are alternately filled into the filling area to complete the bottom filling operation.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The preparation of the ordinary concrete comprises: Crushing the rocks excavated during the bottom cutting operation; Screening the crushed rock to obtain a first target rock, wherein the first target rock is a rock with a particle size of 5-10 mm; Ordinary Portland cement, the first target rock, and water were mixed in a mixing ratio of 2:2:3, and the mixture was mixed and stirred in a rotary mixer for 5 minutes to obtain the ordinary concrete.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method for preparing the foamed concrete comprises: Crushing the rocks excavated during the bottom cutting operation; Screening the crushed rock to obtain a second target rock, wherein the second target rock is a rock with a particle size of 5-10 mm; Ordinary Portland cement, the second target rock, a foaming agent, and water are mixed in a mixing ratio of 1:1:2:3, and the mixture is mixed and stirred in a rotary mixer for 5 minutes to obtain the foamed concrete.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When it is determined that the maintenance operation is completed, the backfilling operation and the compaction operation are performed, including: When it is determined that the maintenance work is completed, backfill material is laid on top of the concrete material, wherein the backfill material includes gangue and the laying thickness is 50 mm; and a compacting mechanism is used to compact the backfill material.

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