Supporting device for roadway containing weak intercalated layer in phosphorite well and using method

Abstract

The invention discloses a supporting device for a roadway containing a weak interlayer under a phosphorite well and a using method, and belongs to the technical field of roadway supporting. The supporting device comprises a bottom plate, a moving mechanism is fixedly installed on the bottom plate through bolts, a jacking air cylinder is vertically and fixedly installed at the top of the bottom plate, and a workbench is fixedly installed at the top of the jacking air cylinder; a first supporting mechanism and a second supporting mechanism are fixedly installed at the top of the workbench, a protective net is clamped and fixed to the top of the first supporting mechanism, the top of the second supporting mechanism abuts against and is fixed to the bottom of the protective net, a steel cable penetrates through the top of the second supporting mechanism, and the two ends of the steel cable are fixedly connected with the first supporting mechanism; through the arranged moving mechanism, the device is moved, the first supporting mechanism and the second supporting mechanism support a protective net and a steel cable, so that the protective net and the steel cable can be attached to the wall face of a roadway, the wall face is prevented from collapsing, the roadway is protected, holes do not need to be formed in the wall, and the strength of the wall of the roadway can be well protected; and the practicability of the device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and in particular to a supporting device for a tunnel containing soft interlayers in a phosphate mine and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Phosphate rock is a general term for economically usable phosphate minerals, and is an important chemical mineral raw material. It can be used to make phosphate fertilizers, and can also be used to make yellow phosphorus, phosphoric acid, phosphides and other phosphates for use in medicine, food, matches, dyes, sugar, ceramics, national defense and other industrial sectors.

[0003] Mine tunnels are underground mining methods used when deep burial or open-pit mining reaches a certain depth. At this time, tunnels need to be built to transport ore and for personnel to enter and exit the mine.

[0004] After the tunnel is excavated, it needs to be supported to prevent it from collapsing. However, the existing support structure generally uses anchor rods to fix the anchor net on the inner wall of the tunnel to prevent the rock and soil on the tunnel from falling. When installing the anchor rods, it is necessary to drill holes in the tunnel, which will further damage the strength of the inner wall of the tunnel and increase the risk of collapse. Therefore, a support device and a use method for a tunnel containing a weak interlayer in a phosphate mine are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a supporting device and a method for using a tunnel containing soft interlayers in a phosphate mine, which directly supports the tunnel wall and is suitable for supporting a variety of rock formations. It does not require openings to affect the strength of the tunnel wall, which is beneficial to improving the practicability of the device.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A support device for a tunnel containing soft interlayers in a phosphate mine, comprising a base plate, a moving mechanism is fixedly installed on the base plate by bolts, a lifting cylinder is vertically fixedly installed on the top of the base plate, a workbench is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting cylinder, a first support mechanism and a second support mechanism are fixedly installed on the top of the workbench, a protective net is clamped and fixed on the top of the first support mechanism, the top of the second support mechanism is abutted and fixed to the bottom of the protective net, a steel cable is passed through the top of the second support mechanism, and both ends of the steel cable are fixedly connected to the first support mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the first supporting mechanism includes a first supporting cylinder fixedly installed on the top of the workbench, a clamping block is fixedly installed on the output end of the first supporting cylinder, a positioning pin is fixedly installed on the top of the clamping block, the protective net is clamped and fixed on the clamping block, and the steel cable is fixedly connected to the output end of the first supporting cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the second supporting mechanism comprises a second supporting cylinder fixedly mounted on the top of the workbench, a mounting block is fixedly mounted on the output end of the second supporting cylinder, and the steel cable is fixedly mounted in the mounting block.

[0009] Preferably, the first supporting mechanism is fixedly installed at the four corners of the top of the workbench, the number of the steel cables is 2, and they are staggered in the mounting block, and the two ends of the steel cables are respectively fixedly connected to the output ends of the first supporting cylinders diagonally on the workbench.

[0010] Preferably, the base plate is provided with a first through hole, the moving mechanism comprises a mounting plate, the mounting plate is provided with a second through hole, the mounting plate is located at the top of the base plate, the first through hole corresponds to the second through hole, and a roller is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the mounting plate.

[0011] Preferably, a material holding cavity is opened on the top of the workbench, a material discharge port is opened through the workbench, the first supporting mechanism and the second supporting mechanism are both fixedly installed on the bottom of the material holding cavity, a material discharge plate is hingedly fixed on the bottom of the workbench, and the material discharge plate is movably connected to the material discharge port.

[0012] Preferably, the discharge plate includes an integrally formed sealing block and a sealing plate, one end of the sealing plate is hinged and fixed to the bottom of the workbench, the sealing block is movably clamped in the discharge port, the sealing plate is movably abutted against the bottom of the workbench, a pull rod is welded and fixed to the bottom of the sealing plate away from the hinged side of the workbench, fixing bolts are passed through both sides of the pull rod, the fixing bolts are threadedly connected to the workbench, a bracket is welded and fixed to the bottom of the workbench in the middle of the discharge plate, and the discharge plate is movably abutted against the bracket.

[0013] Preferably, a first connecting block and a second connecting block are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the workbench respectively, and the first connecting block on the workbench is movably connected with the second connecting block on the adjacent workbench.

[0014] The present invention also provides the following technical solution: a support device and a use method for a tunnel containing soft interlayers in a phosphate mine, which adopts the support device for a tunnel containing soft interlayers in a phosphate mine, and further comprises the following steps: S1. First, assemble the device. After the assembly is completed, move the device to the track in the tunnel, make the rollers stuck on the track, and move the device along the track to the position where support is required.

[0015] S2. After moving into position, level the ground at the bottom of the base plate, remove the bolts connecting the base plate and the moving mechanism, make the bottom of the base plate contact the ground, remove the moving mechanism, and then drive an anchor rod into the first through hole to fix the position of the device.

[0016] S3. After the fixation is completed, the lifting cylinder is started, and the output end of the lifting cylinder extends to lift the workbench and the structure on the top of the workbench. After the lifting is in place, the lifting cylinder is closed and maintained in the position after the lifting is in place.

[0017] S4. Synchronously start the first supporting cylinder and the second supporting cylinder, lift the protective net to a position close to the top of the tunnel and then stop, and individually control the first supporting cylinder and the second supporting cylinder so that both of them press the protective net to the top of the tunnel and then stop, and maintain the pressed state to complete the support of the top of the tunnel.

[0018] S5. Drill a hole in the side wall of the tunnel, and use anchor rods to fix the protective net hanging on both sides of the workbench to the side wall of the tunnel to complete the support of the side wall of the tunnel.

[0019] S6. Move another device to support the remaining parts. After it is moved into place, start the lifting cylinder to lift the workbench and the structure on the top of the workbench. After it is lifted into place, the first connecting block and the second connecting block are in contact, and threaded steel bars are inserted into one side of the first connecting block or the second connecting block to connect the two groups of devices. Repeat the above steps to complete all the support structures of the tunnel.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. The device is moved by means of the mobile mechanism, and the first supporting mechanism and the second supporting mechanism support the protective net and the steel cable, so that the protective net and the steel cable can fit with the tunnel wall to prevent the wall from collapsing and protect the tunnel. There is no need to open holes in the wall, which can well protect the strength of the tunnel wall and is conducive to improving the practicability of the device.

[0021] 2. A material holding cavity is provided on the workbench to carry the fallen materials, preventing the materials from falling directly and hitting the passing workers, thus affecting the safety in the tunnel. The material holding cavity is conveniently cleaned with a discharge port, further improving the practicability of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a support device for a tunnel containing soft interlayers in a phosphate mine in an embodiment; Figure 2 An exploded view of the overall structure of a support device for a tunnel containing a weak interlayer in a phosphate mine in an embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a workbench of a supporting device for a tunnel containing a weak interlayer in a phosphate mine in an embodiment; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the support state of a support device for a tunnel containing a weak interlayer in a phosphate mine in an embodiment; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a support device for a tunnel containing a weak interlayer in a phosphate mine in an embodiment; Among them: 1. bottom plate; 11. first through hole; 2. moving mechanism; 21. mounting plate; 211. second through hole; 22. roller; 3. lifting cylinder; 4. workbench; 41. material holding chamber; 42. material outlet; 43. first connecting block; 44. second connecting block; 45. bracket; 5. first supporting mechanism; 51. first supporting cylinder; 52. clamping block; 53. positioning pin; 6. second supporting mechanism; 61. second supporting cylinder; 62. mounting block; 7. protective net; 8. steel cable; 9. discharge plate; 91. sealing block; 92. sealing plate; 93. pull rod; 94. fixing bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following is attached to the instruction manual Figure 1-5 , the technical solution of the present invention is explained through specific embodiments.

[0024] Embodiment: like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a support device for a tunnel containing soft interlayers in a phosphate mine, comprising a base plate 1, on which a moving mechanism 2 is fixedly installed by bolts, the number of base plates 1 is 2, a lifting cylinder 3 is vertically fixedly installed on the top of the base plate 1, a workbench 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting cylinder 3, a first support mechanism 5 is fixedly installed at the four corners of the top of the workbench 4, and a protective net 7 is clamped and fixed on the top of the first support mechanism 5.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the bottom plate 1 is provided with a first through hole 11, the moving mechanism 2 includes a mounting plate 21, the mounting plate 21 is provided with a second through hole 211, the mounting plate 21 is located at the top of the bottom plate 1, the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 211 are located at corresponding positions, and a roller 22 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting plate 21; Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 ,from Figure 2 It can be seen that a second supporting mechanism 6 is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the workbench 4, the second supporting mechanism 6 is fixed to the bottom of the protective net 7, and a steel cable 8 is fixedly installed on the top of the second supporting mechanism 6, and the steel cable 8 is fixedly connected to the first supporting mechanism 5.

[0026] A material holding cavity 41 is provided at the top of the workbench 4 , a material discharge port 42 is provided through the workbench 4 , the first supporting mechanism 5 and the second supporting mechanism 6 are both fixedly installed at the bottom of the material holding cavity 41 , a material discharge plate 9 is hingedly fixed at the bottom of the workbench 4 , and the material discharge plate 9 is movably connected to the material discharge port 42 .

[0027] The first supporting mechanism 5 includes a first supporting cylinder 51 fixedly installed at the bottom of the material holding chamber 41, a clamping block 52 is fixedly installed at the output end of the first supporting cylinder 51, a positioning pin 53 is fixedly installed on the top of the clamping block 52, the protective net 7 is clamped and fixed on the clamping block 52, and the steel cable 8 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first supporting cylinder 51.

[0028] The second supporting mechanism 6 includes a second supporting cylinder 61 fixedly installed at the bottom of the material holding chamber 41, and a mounting block 62 is fixedly installed at the output end of the second supporting cylinder 61. The mounting block 62 is fixedly fixed to the bottom of the protective net 7, and the steel cables 8 are fixedly installed in the mounting block 62. The number of the steel cables 8 is 2, and the steel cables 8 are staggered in the mounting block 62. The two ends of the steel cables 8 are respectively fixedly connected to the output ends of the first supporting cylinder 51 diagonally opposite to the material holding chamber 41.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the discharge plate 9 includes an integrally formed sealing block 91 and a sealing plate 92. One end of the sealing plate 92 is hinged and fixed to the bottom of the workbench 4. The sealing block 91 is movably clamped in the discharge port 42. The sealing plate 92 is movably abutted against the bottom of the workbench 4. A pull rod 93 is welded and fixed to the bottom of the sealing plate 92 away from the hinged side of the workbench 4. Fixing bolts 94 are passed through both sides of the pull rod 93, and the fixing bolts 94 are threadedly connected to the workbench 4.

[0030] A first connecting block 43 and a second connecting block 44 are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the workbench 4 respectively. A bracket 45 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the workbench 4 in the middle of the discharge plate 9 , and the discharge plate 9 is movably abutted against the bracket 45 .

[0031] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first connecting blocks 43 and the second connecting blocks 44 on adjacent workbenches 4 are movably engaged with each other, that is, the first connecting block 43 on a workbench 4 is movably engaged with the second connecting block 44 on an adjacent workbench 4 .

[0032] Directions: S1. First, assemble the device. After the assembly is completed, move the device to the track in the lane, make the roller 22 stuck on the track, and move the device along the track to the position where support is required.

[0033] S2. After moving into position, the ground at the bottom of the base plate 1 is leveled, the bolts connecting the base plate 1 and the moving mechanism 2 are removed, the bottom of the base plate 1 is in contact with the ground, the moving mechanism 2 is removed, and an anchor rod is driven into the first through hole 11 to fix the position of the device.

[0034] S3. After the fixation is completed, the lifting cylinder 3 is started, and the output end of the lifting cylinder 3 is extended to lift the workbench 4 and the structure on the top of the workbench 4. After the lifting is in place, the lifting cylinder 3 is closed and maintained in the position after the lifting is in place.

[0035] S4. Synchronously start the first supporting cylinder 51 and the second supporting cylinder 61, lift the protective net 7 to a position close to the top of the tunnel and then stop, and individually control the first supporting cylinder 51 and the second supporting cylinder 61 so that both the first supporting cylinder 51 and the second supporting cylinder 61 press the protective net 7 to the top of the tunnel and then stop, and maintain the pressed state to complete the support of the top of the tunnel.

[0036] S5. Drill holes in the side walls of the tunnel, and use anchor rods to fix the protective nets 7 hanging down from both sides of the workbench 4 to the side walls of the tunnel to complete the support of the side walls of the tunnel.

[0037] S6. Move another device to support the remaining parts. After it is moved into place, start the lifting cylinder 3 to lift the workbench 4 and the structure on the top of the workbench 4. After it is lifted into place, the first connecting block 43 and the second connecting block 44 are in contact, and threaded steel bars are inserted into one side of the first connecting block 43 or the second connecting block 44 to connect the two groups of devices. Repeat the above steps to complete all the support structures of the tunnel.

[0038] Working principle: through the mobile mechanism 2, it is connected with the bottom plate 1 to facilitate the movement of the device in the tunnel. After moving into place, the mobile mechanism 2 is removed, and the bottom plate 1 can naturally fall to the ground, and then the anchor rod is used to pass through the first through hole 11 to fix the bottom plate 1. The first supporting mechanism 5 lifts the protective net 7, and the lifting height of the first supporting mechanism 5 can be controlled separately, so that the protective net 7 is more closely fitted with the top surface of the tunnel, thereby improving the protective effect. The second supporting mechanism 6 arranged in the middle lifts the middle part of the protective net 7 to prevent the middle part of the protective net 7 from falling, thereby further improving the protective effect. At the same time, when a small-scale collapse occurs in the tunnel, multi-point support makes the support strength higher. The steel cable 8 is passed through the mounting block 62, and The two ends are diagonally arranged at the output end of the first supporting cylinder 51 to provide secondary protection for the bottom of the protective net 7, and have a better protective effect on the weak interlayer position that is prone to collapse. The direct support support structure can greatly protect the inner wall structure of the tunnel and will not be damaged again, thereby ensuring the strength of the inner wall of the tunnel. The direct support structure can also greatly reduce the impact of thin and soft rock layers such as weak interlayers on the strength of the support structure. A material holding chamber 41 is opened on the workbench 4 to carry gravel or stones falling from the top of the tunnel to prevent them from falling directly and injuring passing workers, which is convenient for improving the safety of the device. A discharge port 42 and an openable discharge plate 9 are provided, and the debris carried in the material holding chamber 41 can be cleaned regularly to maintain long-term protection.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A support device for a tunnel containing a weak interlayer in a phosphate mine, comprising a bottom plate (1), characterized in that: A moving mechanism (2) is fixedly mounted on the base plate (1) by means of bolts; a lifting cylinder (3) is vertically fixedly mounted on the top of the base plate (1); a workbench (4) is fixedly mounted on the top of the lifting cylinder (3); a first supporting mechanism (5) and a second supporting mechanism (6) are fixedly mounted on the top of the workbench (4); a protective net (7) is fixedly mounted on the top of the first supporting mechanism (5); the top of the second supporting mechanism (6) is fixedly abutted against the bottom of the protective net (7); a steel cable (8) is passed through the top of the second supporting mechanism (6); and both ends of the steel cable (8) are fixedly connected to the first supporting mechanism (5).

2. A support device for a tunnel containing soft interlayer in a phosphate mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first supporting mechanism (5) comprises a first supporting cylinder (51) fixedly mounted on the top of the workbench (4); a clamping block (52) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the first supporting cylinder (51); a positioning pin (53) is fixedly mounted on the top of the clamping block (52); the protective net (7) is clamped and fixed on the clamping block (52); and the steel cable (8) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first supporting cylinder (51).

3. A support device for a tunnel containing soft interlayer in a phosphate mine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second supporting mechanism (6) comprises a second supporting cylinder (61) fixedly mounted on the top of the workbench (4); a mounting block (62) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the second supporting cylinder (61); and the steel cable (8) is fixedly mounted in the mounting block (62).

4. A support device for a tunnel containing soft interlayer in a phosphate mine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first supporting mechanism (5) is fixedly mounted at the four corners of the top of the workbench (4); the number of the steel cables (8) is two and they are arranged in a staggered manner in the mounting block (62); the two ends of the steel cables (8) are respectively fixedly connected to the output ends of the first supporting cylinders (51) at opposite corners on the workbench (4).

5. The supporting device for a tunnel containing soft interlayer in a phosphate mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (1) is provided with a first through hole (11), the moving mechanism (2) comprises a mounting plate (21), the mounting plate (21) is provided with a second through hole (211), the mounting plate (21) is located at the top of the bottom plate (1), the first through hole (11) and the second through hole (211) are located correspondingly, and a roller (22) is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the mounting plate (21).

6. The supporting device for a tunnel containing soft interlayer in a phosphate mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material holding cavity (41) is provided on the top of the workbench (4), a material discharge port (42) is provided through the workbench (4), the first supporting mechanism (5) and the second supporting mechanism (6) are both fixedly mounted on the bottom of the material holding cavity (41), a material discharge plate (9) is hingedly fixed on the bottom of the workbench (4), and the material discharge plate (9) is movably connected to the material discharge port (42).

7. A support device for a tunnel containing soft interlayer in a phosphate mine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The discharge plate (9) comprises an integrally formed sealing block (91) and a sealing plate (92), one end of the sealing plate (92) is hingedly fixed to the bottom of the workbench (4), the sealing block (91) is movably clamped in the discharge port (42), the sealing plate (92) is movably abutted against the bottom of the workbench (4), a pull rod (93) is welded and fixed on the hinged side of the bottom of the sealing plate (92) away from the workbench (4), fixing bolts (94) are passed through both sides of the pull rod (93), the fixing bolts (94) are threadedly connected to the workbench (4), a bracket (45) is welded and fixed to the bottom of the workbench (4) in the middle of the discharge plate (9), and the discharge plate (9) is movably abutted against the bracket (45).

8. The supporting device for a tunnel containing soft interlayer in a phosphate mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first connecting block (43) and a second connecting block (44) are respectively fixedly mounted on the front and rear sides of the workbench (4); the first connecting block (43) on the workbench (4) is movably connected to the second connecting block (44) on the adjacent workbench (4).

9. A support device for a tunnel containing weak interlayers in a phosphate mine and a method for using the support device for a tunnel containing weak interlayers in a phosphate mine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: S1. First, assemble the device. After the assembly is completed, move the device to the track in the lane, make the roller (22) stuck on the track, and move the device along the track to the position where support is required; S2. After the device is moved into position, the ground at the bottom of the base plate (1) is leveled, the bolts connecting the base plate (1) and the moving mechanism (2) are removed, the bottom of the base plate (1) is in contact with the ground, the moving mechanism (2) is removed, and an anchor rod is driven into the first through hole (11) to fix the position of the device; S3, after the fixing is completed, the lifting cylinder (3) is started, the output end of the lifting cylinder (3) is extended, and the workbench (4) and the structure on the top of the workbench (4) are lifted. After the lifting is in place, the lifting cylinder (3) is closed and maintained in the position after the lifting is in place; S4, synchronously starting the first supporting cylinder (51) and the second supporting cylinder (61), lifting the protective net (7) to a position close to the top of the tunnel and then stopping, and individually controlling the first supporting cylinder (51) and the second supporting cylinder (61) so that the first supporting cylinder (51) and the second supporting cylinder (61) both press the protective net (7) against the top of the tunnel and then stop, and maintain the pressed state, thereby completing the support of the top of the tunnel; S5. Drill a hole in the side wall of the tunnel, and use anchor rods to fix the protective net (7) hanging down from both sides of the workbench (4) to the side wall of the tunnel, thereby completing the support of the side wall of the tunnel.

10. A support device and use method for a tunnel containing soft interlayer in a phosphate mine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: S6. Move another device to support the remaining parts. After moving to the right position, start the lifting cylinder (3) to lift the workbench (4) and the structure on the top of the workbench (4). After lifting to the right position, the first connecting block (43) and the second connecting block (44) are in contact, and the threaded steel bar is inserted into one side of the first connecting block (43) or the second connecting block (44) to connect the two groups of devices. Repeat the above steps to complete all the support structures of the tunnel.

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