Triaxial damping controllable magnetorheological damper and damping method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of active vibration reduction, in particular to a triaxial damping controllable magneto-rheological damper and a vibration reduction method thereof.Compared with a conventional magneto-rheological damper, the triaxial damping controllable magneto-rheological damper can cope with excitation in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction at the same time, and the vibration reduction effect is good. Vibration in different directions can be effectively suppressed; the magnetic field intensity is controlled by the magnetic current coil, so that damping force in different directions can be accurately adjusted; the response speed of the magnetorheological fluid to the magnetic field change is high, the damping force can be adjusted in a short time, and different vibration conditions can be adapted; according to the magneto-rheological damper, the damping force can be changed by adjusting the current signal according to different damping requirements, the magneto-rheological damper is suitable for various different application scenes, and therefore the engineering applicability of the magneto-rheological damper in the field of electronic equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of active vibration reduction, and in particular to a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological vibration reducer and a vibration reduction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of vibration reduction technology, there are passive vibration absorbers and active vibration absorbers. Passive vibration absorbers are suitable for occasions with narrow frequency band, relatively fixed stiffness and damping, but not for low-frequency vibration and occasions with large changes in excitation frequency. As an active vibration absorber, magnetorheological vibration absorber has controllable damping and good vibration reduction effect, especially for the control of low-frequency vibration, which is better than traditional passive vibration absorbers. It is currently mainly used in industrial fields such as automobile suspension, smart cockpit, helicopter rotor system and aircraft landing gear.

[0003] However, most of the existing magnetorheological dampers are cylindrical structures, which can only realize axial movement but cannot realize horizontal vibration isolation. At the same time, in order to realize multi-directional vibration isolation, the existing magnetorheological dampers usually need to be combined with parallel mechanisms, which will lead to an increase in the volume of the vibration reduction system, greatly limiting the engineering application of magnetorheological dampers.

[0004] In view of this, overcoming the defects of the prior art is an urgent problem to be solved in the field of this technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to provide a shock absorber capable of achieving controllable three-axial damping.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological damper is provided, comprising: an elastic shell 1, a magnetic core assembly 2 and a bottom cover 3, wherein a magnetorheological fluid is contained in an inner cavity formed by the elastic shell 1 and the bottom cover 3; the magnetic core assembly 2 is disposed in the inner cavity;

[0008] The magnetic core assembly 2 includes a magnetic flux coil 20, a sleeve 21, a first magnetic body 22 and a second magnetic body 23, wherein the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 are symmetrically sleeved on the sleeve 21; the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 can generate horizontal displacement relative to the bottom cover 3;

[0009] The magnetic flux coil 20 is disposed between the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23. There are magnetic gaps between the magnetic flux coil 20 and the outer wall of the sleeve 21, the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23. The outer ring of the magnetic flux coil 20 abuts against the inner wall of the elastic housing 1.

[0010] A piston rod 10 is disposed in the elastic housing 1, one end of the piston rod 10 is used to cooperate with a vibration reduction object, and the other end of the piston rod 10 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 21 with a preset damping force;

[0011] When the vibration reduction object is subjected to vertical excitation and / or horizontal excitation, the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap flows; the magnetic flux coil 20 is used to receive current signals, control the magnetic field strength in the magnetic gap, and then change the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid to suppress the vibration of the vibration reduction object.

[0012] Preferably, the inner cavity is divided into a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity by the magnetic core component 2, and the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity are connected; in the vertical direction, the positions of the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 relative to the bottom cover 3 remain unchanged;

[0013] When the vibration reduction object is vertically excited, the piston rod 10 is used to move along the inner wall of the sleeve 21 to push the magnetorheological fluid in the second sub-cavity to flow toward the first sub-cavity, thereby causing the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap to flow;

[0014] When the vibration reduction object is horizontally excited, the piston rod 10 drives the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 to move horizontally, so that the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap flows.

[0015] Preferably, part of the top surface of the first magnetic body 22 abuts against the inner wall of the elastic shell 1, and a first reserved gap 11 exists between the first magnetic body 22 and the inner wall of the elastic shell 1; part of the bottom surface of the second magnetic body 23 abuts against the bottom cover 3, and a second reserved gap 12 exists between the second magnetic body 23 and the inner wall of the elastic shell 1;

[0016] There is a first magnetic gap 13 between the magnetic flux coil 20 and the first magnetic body 22, a second magnetic gap 14 between the magnetic flux coil 20 and the second magnetic body 23, and a third magnetic gap 15 between the inner ring of the magnetic flux coil 20 and the outer wall of the sleeve 21;

[0017] The first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity are connected to each other through the first reserved gap 11, the first magnetic gap 13, the third magnetic gap 15, the second magnetic gap 14 and the second reserved gap 12;

[0018] When the vibration reduction object is vertically excited, the piston rod 10 is used to move along the inner wall of the sleeve 21 to push the magnetorheological fluid in the second sub-chamber to flow to the first sub-chamber, thereby causing the magnetorheological fluid in the first magnetic gap 13, the second magnetic gap 14 and the third magnetic gap 15 to flow;

[0019] When the vibration reduction object is subjected to horizontal excitation, the piston rod 10 drives the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 to move horizontally, so that the magnetorheological fluid in the third magnetic gap 15 flows to the first sub-cavity through the first magnetic gap 13, and / or the magnetorheological fluid in the third magnetic gap 15 flows to the second sub-cavity through the second magnetic gap 14.

[0020] Preferably, the magnetic flux coil 20 comprises an external magnetic core 200, an excitation coil 201 and an internal magnetic core 202; the internal magnetic core 202 is sleeved on the sleeve 21, and a third magnetic gap 15 exists between the internal magnetic core 202 and the sleeve 21;

[0021] The excitation coil 201 is sleeved on the internal magnetic core 202 , and the external magnetic core 200 is sleeved on the excitation coil 201 ; the outer ring of the external magnetic core 200 abuts against the inner wall of the elastic housing 1 .

[0022] Preferably, the elastic housing 1 comprises an elastic structural member 16 and a rigid structural member 17, one end of the piston rod 10 is arranged on the elastic structural member 16, and the bottom cover 3 is arranged at the bottom of the rigid structural member 17;

[0023] A first abutting surface 160 is provided at the connection between the elastic structural member 16 and the rigid structural member 17, and a second abutting surface 30 is provided on the bottom cover 3; a portion of the top surface of the first magnetic body 22 abuts against the first abutting surface 160, and a portion of the bottom surface of the second magnetic body 23 abuts against the second abutting surface 30;

[0024] The outer ring of the outer magnetic core 200 abuts against the inner wall of the rigid structure 17 .

[0025] Preferably, it further comprises a first friction plate 4 and a second friction plate 5; a plurality of bosses 40 and a plurality of grooves 41 are arranged at intervals on the circumference of the first friction plate 4 and the second friction plate 5;

[0026] The first friction plate 4 is fixed on the first abutting surface 160, the boss 40 on the first friction plate 4 abuts against a portion of the top surface of the first magnetic body 22, and the groove 41 on the first friction plate 4 is used as a circulation channel for magnetorheological fluid;

[0027] The second friction plate 5 is fixed on the second abutting surface 30 , the boss 40 on the second friction plate 5 abuts against a portion of the bottom surface of the second magnetic body 23 , and the groove 41 on the second friction plate 5 is used as a flow channel for magnetorheological fluid.

[0028] Preferably, it further comprises a first elastic body 6 and a second elastic body 7; the first elastic body 6 is arranged on the outer wall of the piston rod 10, and the second elastic body 7 is arranged on the periphery of the first elastic body 6;

[0029] One end of the first elastic body 6 abuts against the abutment platform 100 on the piston rod 10, and the other end of the first elastic body 6 abuts against the top of the sleeve 21;

[0030] One end of the second elastic body 7 abuts against the top wall of the elastic housing 1 , and the other end of the second elastic body 7 abuts against the top of the first magnetic body 22 .

[0031] Preferably, a sealing ring 101 is provided at the other end of the piston rod 10 , and the sealing ring 101 is used for interference fit with the inner wall of the sleeve 21 .

[0032] In a second aspect, a vibration reduction method of a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological vibration absorber is provided, which is applied to the three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological vibration absorber as described in the first aspect, comprising:

[0033] When the vibration reduction object is subjected to vertical excitation and / or horizontal excitation, the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap is driven to flow;

[0034] The magnetic flux coil 20 receives the current signal, controls the magnetic field strength in the magnetic gap, and further changes the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid to suppress the vibration of the vibration reduction object.

[0035] Preferably, the vibration reduction method further comprises:

[0036] When the vibration reduction object is vertically excited, the piston rod 10 and the sleeve 21 move relative to each other to make the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap flow; by adjusting the current of the magnetic flux coil 20, the magnetic field strength in the magnetic gap is controlled, and then the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid is controlled to suppress the vertical vibration of the vibration reduction object;

[0037] When the vibration reduction object is subjected to horizontal excitation, the piston rod 10 drives the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 to move horizontally, and the shear force formed between the sleeve 21 and the magnetic flux coil 20 causes the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap to flow; by adjusting the current of the magnetic flux coil 20, the magnetic field strength in the magnetic gap is controlled, and then the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid is controlled to suppress the horizontal vibration of the vibration reduction object.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] Compared with conventional magnetorheological dampers, the tri-axial damping controllable magnetorheological damper proposed in the present invention can simultaneously cope with vertical and horizontal excitations and effectively suppress vibrations in different directions; the magnetic field strength is controlled by the magnetic flux coil 20, so that the damping force in different directions can be accurately adjusted; the magnetorheological fluid has a fast response speed to changes in the magnetic field and can adjust the damping force in a short time to adapt to different vibration conditions; the damping force can be changed by adjusting the current signal according to different vibration reduction requirements, and is suitable for various application scenarios, thereby improving the engineering applicability of magnetorheological dampers in the field of electronic equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a magnetic core assembly of a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological vibration absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a magnetic flux coil of a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 It is another structural schematic diagram of a magnetic core assembly of a tri-axial damping controllable magnetorheological vibration absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic housing of a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rigid structural body of a tri-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a lead sealing cover of a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological vibration absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a magnetic gap of a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Fig. 9 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction plate of a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.10 1 is another structural schematic diagram of a friction plate of a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of a friction plate of a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.12 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic body of a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.13 It is a flow chart of a vibration reduction method of a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological vibration absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific magnetic gap of a tri-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the flow path of a magnetorheological fluid when a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological damper provided by an embodiment of the present invention is subjected to vertical excitation;

[0056] Fig.16a It is a schematic diagram of the flow path of a magnetorheological fluid when a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological damper provided by an embodiment of the present invention is subjected to horizontal excitation;

[0057] Fig.16b It is a schematic diagram of another flow path of a magnetorheological fluid when a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention is subjected to horizontal excitation;

[0058] Fig.17 It is a structural schematic diagram of a usage scenario of a tri-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] In all the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same structure:

[0060] Elastic shell 1, piston rod 10, abutment platform 100, sealing ring 101, first reserved gap 11, second reserved gap 12, first magnetic gap 13, second magnetic gap 14, third magnetic gap 15, elastic structural part 16, first abutment surface 160, rigid structural part 17, lead sealing cover 172, magnetic core assembly 2, magnetic flux coil 20, external magnetic core 200, excitation coil 201, internal magnetic core 202, magnetic core fastening plate 203, sleeve 21, first magnetic body 22, second magnetic body 23, bottom cover 3, second abutment surface 30, first friction plate 4, boss 40, groove 41, second friction plate 5, first elastic body 6, second elastic body 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0062] Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term "including" is to be interpreted as open inclusion, that is, "including, but not limited to". In the description of the specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" and the like are intended to indicate that specific features, structures, materials or characteristics associated with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. The schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. In addition, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be included in any one or more embodiments or examples in any appropriate manner, that is, although they may be carried in the embodiments or examples of the above terms due to reasons such as the order and position of appearance, it is not limited to that they can be carried in combination by one embodiment or example.

[0063] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more. In addition, for example, the same type of nouns may be described as two independent individuals by adding "A" and "B" at the end. In this case, the corresponding features defined as "A" and "B" are only used to distinguish the same type of individuals for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features.

[0064] When describing some embodiments, the expressions "coupling", "coupling" and "connection" and their derivatives may be used. For example, when describing some embodiments, the term "connection" may be used to indicate that two or more components are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other. For another example, when describing some embodiments, the term "coupling" may be used to indicate that two or more components are in direct physical or electrical contact. However, the terms "connection" or "coupling" may also refer to two or more components that are not in direct contact with each other, but still cooperate or interact with each other, such as "optical path coupling", "wireless connection", etc. The embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily limited to the contents of the present invention.

[0065] In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0066] Embodiment 1:

[0067] Most existing magnetorheological dampers are of cylindrical structure and can only realize axial movement. In order to realize multi-directional vibration isolation, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a magnetorheological damper with controllable three-axial damping, such as Figure 1 As shown, it comprises: an elastic shell 1, a magnetic core assembly 2 and a bottom cover 3, wherein a magnetorheological fluid is contained in an inner cavity formed by the elastic shell 1 and the bottom cover 3; the magnetic core assembly 2 is arranged in the inner cavity; the magnetic core assembly 2 comprises a magnetic flux coil 20, a sleeve 21, a first magnetic body 22 and a second magnetic body 23, wherein the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 are symmetrically sleeved on the sleeve 21; the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 can produce horizontal displacement relative to the bottom cover 3; the magnetic flux coil 20 is arranged between the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23, and there are magnetic gaps between the magnetic flux coil 20 and the outer wall of the sleeve 21, the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23; the outer ring of the magnetic flux coil 20 abuts against the inner wall of the elastic shell 1; a piston rod 10 is arranged in the elastic shell 1, one end of the piston rod 10 is used to cooperate with a vibration reduction object, and the other end of the piston rod 10 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the sleeve 21 with a preset damping force.

[0068] When the vibration reduction object is subjected to vertical excitation and / or horizontal excitation, the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap flows; the magnetic flux coil 20 is used to receive current signals, control the magnetic field strength in the magnetic gap, and then change the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid to suppress the vibration of the vibration reduction object.

[0069] The inner cavity is divided into a first sub-cavity (not shown in the figure) and a second sub-cavity (not shown in the figure) by the magnetic core component 2, and the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity are connected; Figure 1For example, the sub-cavity located above the magnetic core component 2 is the first sub-cavity, and the sub-cavity located below the magnetic core component 2 is the second sub-cavity. In the vertical direction, the positions of the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 relative to the bottom cover 3 remain unchanged; when the vibration reduction object is vertically excited, the piston rod 10 is used to move along the inner wall of the sleeve 21 to push the magnetorheological fluid in the second sub-cavity to flow to the first sub-cavity, thereby causing the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap to flow; when the vibration reduction object is horizontally excited, the piston rod 10 drives the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 to move horizontally to cause the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap to flow.

[0070] The cross-sectional shapes of the elastic shell 1, the magnetic core assembly 2 and the bottom cover 3 when viewed from above are all circular.

[0071] The main innovation of this embodiment lies in the magnetic core assembly 2, wherein: the sleeve 21 can be made of non-magnetic material, the outer walls at both ends of the sleeve 21 are designed with external threads, and the interior of the sleeve 21 is a round hole. The external threads are matched with the internal threads of the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 respectively, and the round hole inside the sleeve 21 is matched with the piston rod 10.

[0072] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the magnetic flux coil 20 includes an external magnetic core 200, an excitation coil 201 and an internal magnetic core 202; the internal magnetic core 202 is sleeved on the sleeve 21, and there is a third magnetic gap 15 between the internal magnetic core 202 and the sleeve 21; the excitation coil 201 is sleeved on the internal magnetic core 202, and the external magnetic core 200 is sleeved on the excitation coil 201; the outer ring of the external magnetic core 200 abuts against the inner wall of the elastic shell 1.

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown, the external magnetic core 200, the excitation coil 201, and the internal magnetic core 202 can be fastened into an integral structure by the magnetic core fastening plate 203 through screws, and are restricted on the sleeve 21 by the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23. The external magnetic core 200, the internal magnetic core 202, the first magnetic body 22, and the second magnetic body 23 can all be made of highly magnetically conductive materials, such as DT4C. The excitation coil 201 is wound by copper enameled wire, and the number of coil turns, the diameter of the enameled wire, etc. are determined according to the design. The magnetic core fastening plate 203 can be made of non-magnetic conductive materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0074] After the first magnetic body 22, the external magnetic core 200, the excitation coil 201, the internal magnetic core 202, the second magnetic body 23 and the magnetic core fastening plate 203 are installed, the interior will form a Figure 2and Figure 4 The first magnetic gap 13 and the second magnetic gap 14 are shown. When current is passed through the excitation coil 201, the following will be generated: Figure 4 The controllable magnetic field shown in the figure is perpendicular to the magnetic gap plane in the first magnetic gap 13 and the second magnetic gap 14. When the magnetorheological fluid flows in the magnetic gap, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid changes due to the effect of the magnetic field, thereby generating a damping force, the magnitude of which increases with the increase of the magnetic field strength until the magnetic field reaches saturation, and the magnetic field strength is related to the current passed through the excitation coil 201, and increases with the increase of the current until the magnetic field reaches saturation.

[0075] In order to enable the piston rod 10 to move in the horizontal or vertical direction along with the vibration of the vibration reduction object, in one embodiment, Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the elastic shell 1 includes an elastic structural member 16 and a rigid structural member 17, one end of the piston rod 10 is arranged on the elastic structural member 16, and the bottom cover 3 is arranged at the bottom of the rigid structural member 17; a first abutting surface 160 is provided at the connection between the elastic structural member 16 and the rigid structural member 17, and a second abutting surface 30 is provided on the bottom cover 3; a part of the top surface of the first magnetic body 22 abuts against the first abutting surface 160, and a part of the bottom surface of the second magnetic body 23 abuts against the second abutting surface 30; the outer ring of the external magnetic core 200 abuts against the inner wall of the rigid structural member 17.

[0076] The elastic structural member 16 may be made of butyl rubber, and is vulcanized to form an integral body with the piston rod 10 and the rigid structural member 17. The elastic deformation of the elastic structural member 16 allows the piston rod 10 to move freely and ensures the sealing of the overall structure, while providing elastic restoring force for the horizontal and biaxial movement of the piston rod 10.

[0077] like Figure 5 As shown, the piston rod 10 can be a T-shaped structure and can be made of non-magnetic material, such as 1Cr18Ni9Ti. The end surface bottom of the piston rod 10 is vulcanized into one with the elastic structural member 16, and the vulcanized surface is designed to be Figure 5 The serrated shape shown in the figure increases the contact area, thereby improving the connection strength; the top of the end surface of the piston rod 10 is designed with a mounting screw hole for connecting with the vibration isolation object. Figure 5 and Figure 8, the other end of the piston rod 10 is provided with a sealing ring 101, and the sealing ring 101 is used for interference fit with the inner wall of the sleeve 21. Correspondingly, a sealing groove is provided on the lower end of the piston rod 10, and the sealing ring 101 is arranged in the sealing groove. The material of the sealing ring 101 can be fluororubber, and it is tightly matched with the internal circular hole of the sleeve 21. The first function of the sealing ring 101 is to provide an initial damping force for the vertical movement of the shock absorber, and the damping force cannot be adjusted; the second function is to provide sealing for the vertical movement of the piston rod 10, so as to prevent the magnetorheological fluid from flowing back and forth between the first sub-chamber and the second sub-chamber of the shock absorber through the circular hole in the sleeve 21.

[0078] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the rigid structural member 17 can be made of non-magnetic material, such as aluminum alloy 2A12H12. The upper part of the rigid structural member 17 is vulcanized into one with the elastic structural member 16. The bottom of the rigid structural member 17 is designed with a flange, and a shock absorber mounting hole 170 is reserved on the flange for fixing the shock absorber; a threading hole 171 is opened on the cylindrical surface of the rigid structural member 17 for leading out the control line of the excitation coil 201. A lead sealing cover 172 is provided on the side of the rigid structural member 17. The power supply line of the excitation coil 201 is a spiral spring wire X. The part of the spiral spring wire X inside the shock absorber is sealed by potting glue. The outside of the shock absorber is connected to the outside through the lead sealing cover 172. The spiral spring wire X is a spirally wound wire, which can prevent the cable from being broken due to the movement of the shock absorber.

[0079] In order to limit the movement of the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 in the vertical direction, and to achieve the horizontal movement of the sleeve 21 when the piston rod 10 moves horizontally, the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 need to have a certain movement space in the horizontal direction. Figure 8 and Figure 4 As shown, part of the top surface of the first magnetic body 22 abuts against the inner wall of the elastic shell 1, and a first reserved gap 11 exists between the first magnetic body 22 and the inner wall of the elastic shell 1; part of the bottom surface of the second magnetic body 23 abuts against the bottom cover 3, and a second reserved gap 12 exists between the second magnetic body 23 and the inner wall of the elastic shell 1; there is a first magnetic gap 13 between the magnetic flux coil 20 and the first magnetic body 22, a second magnetic gap 14 between the magnetic flux coil 20 and the second magnetic body 23, and a third magnetic gap 15 between the inner ring of the magnetic flux coil 20 and the outer wall of the sleeve 21; the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity are connected to each other through the first reserved gap 11, the first magnetic gap 13, the third magnetic gap 15, the second magnetic gap 14 and the second reserved gap 12.

[0080] When the vibration reduction object is subjected to vertical excitation, the piston rod 10 is used to move along the inner wall of the sleeve 21 to push the magnetorheological fluid in the second sub-chamber to flow to the first sub-chamber, thereby causing the magnetorheological fluid in the first magnetic gap 13, the second magnetic gap 14 and the third magnetic gap 15 to flow; when the vibration reduction object is subjected to horizontal excitation, the piston rod 10 drives the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 to move horizontally, so that the magnetorheological fluid in the third magnetic gap 15 flows to the first sub-chamber through the first magnetic gap 13, and / or the magnetorheological fluid in the third magnetic gap 15 flows to the second sub-chamber through the second magnetic gap 14.

[0081] Among them, the first reserved gap 11 includes the gap between the outer ring of the first magnetic body 22 and the inner wall of the rigid structure 17, and the gap is used as a compensation space for the first magnetic body 22 to move in the horizontal direction; at the same time, in order to realize the flow of magnetorheological fluid between the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity, the first reserved gap 11 should also include the gap between the top surface of the first magnetic body 22 and the first abutment surface 160, and the gap is used for the circulation of magnetorheological fluid.

[0082] The second reserved gap 12 includes a gap between the outer ring of the second magnetic body 23 and the inner wall of the rigid structure 17, and the gap is used as a compensation space for the horizontal movement of the second magnetic body 23; at the same time, in order to realize the flow of magnetorheological fluid between the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity, the second reserved gap 12 should also include a gap between the bottom surface of the second magnetic body 23 and the second abutment surface 30, and the gap is used for the circulation of magnetorheological fluid.

[0083] Specifically, in order to realize the circulation of magnetorheological fluid and to limit the vertical positions of the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23, in one embodiment, Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber also includes a first friction plate 4 and a second friction plate 5; a plurality of bosses 40 and a plurality of grooves 41 are arranged at intervals on the circumference of the first friction plate 4 and the second friction plate 5; the first friction plate 4 is fixed on the first abutting surface 160, the boss 40 on the first friction plate 4 abuts against a portion of the top surface of the first magnetic body 22, and the groove 41 on the first friction plate 4 is used as a circulation channel for the magnetorheological fluid; the second friction plate 5 is fixed on the second abutting surface 30, the boss 40 on the second friction plate 5 abuts against a portion of the bottom surface of the second magnetic body 23, and the groove 41 on the second friction plate 5 is used as a circulation channel for the magnetorheological fluid.

[0084] The first friction plate 4 and the second friction plate 5 may have the same or different structures. This embodiment is described with the same structure. The first friction plate 4 may be made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The material and structure of the second friction plate 5 are the same as those of the first friction plate 4, but the installation direction is different. The side of the first friction plate 4 facing away from the boss 40 is set on the first abutting surface 160 by gluing, and the side of the second friction plate 5 facing away from the boss 40 is set on the second abutting surface 30 by gluing.

[0085] The bottom cover 3 is fixed to the bottom of the rigid structure 17 by screws, and the magnetic core assembly 2 is pressed against the first friction plate 4 by the second friction plate 5, so that the magnetic core assembly 2 cannot move vertically. The first friction plate 4 and the second friction plate 5 and the above-mentioned installation method can limit the vertical position of the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 without affecting their horizontal movement.

[0086] In order to further improve the vibration reduction effect, in one embodiment, Fig.12 As shown, it also includes a first elastomer 6 and a second elastomer 7; the first elastomer 6 is arranged on the outer wall of the piston rod 10, and the second elastomer 7 is arranged on the periphery of the first elastomer 6; one end of the first elastomer 6 abuts against the abutment platform 100 on the piston rod 10, and the other end of the first elastomer 6 abuts against the top of the sleeve 21; one end of the second elastomer 7 abuts against the top wall of the elastic shell 1, and the other end of the second elastomer 7 abuts against the top of the first magnetic body 22.

[0087] Wherein, both the first elastic body 6 and the second elastic body 7 can be springs. The first elastic body 6 is an auxiliary spring, which is used to reduce the downward vertical impact load of the elastic shell 1. The second elastic body 7 is arranged on the piston rod 10, which is the main load-bearing spring of the shock absorber, and provides axial stiffness and radial stiffness for the shock absorber. The first elastic body 6 and the second elastic body 7 can provide radial stiffness for the horizontal movement and vertical movement of the piston rod 10 and the elastic shell 1 respectively, and form a mass-stiffness-damping vibration reduction system with the damping force provided by the magnetorheological fluid, thereby improving the vibration attenuation rate and achieving a better vibration reduction effect.

[0088] Compared with conventional magnetorheological dampers, the tri-axial damping controllable magnetorheological damper proposed in this embodiment can cope with vertical and horizontal excitations at the same time and can effectively suppress vibrations in different directions; the magnetic field strength is controlled by the magnetic flux coil 20, so that the damping force in different directions can be accurately adjusted; the magnetorheological fluid has a fast response speed to changes in the magnetic field and can adjust the damping force in a short time to adapt to different vibration conditions; the damping force can be changed by adjusting the current signal according to different vibration reduction requirements, and is suitable for various application scenarios, thereby improving the engineering applicability of magnetorheological dampers in the field of electronic equipment.

[0089] Embodiment 2:

[0090] In order to further explain the tri-axial damping controllable magnetorheological damper, a vibration reduction method of the tri-axial damping controllable magnetorheological damper is proposed in this embodiment. Fig.13 As shown, it includes: Step 101: when the vibration reduction object is subjected to vertical excitation and / or horizontal excitation, the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap is driven to flow.

[0091] When the vibration reduction object is vertically excited, the piston rod 10 and the sleeve 21 move relative to each other, so that the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap flows.

[0092] In one embodiment, for ease of description, Fig.14 Taking the shown example, in terms of position distribution, the first magnetic gap 13 is divided into a first left magnetic gap 13a and a first right magnetic gap 13b; the second magnetic gap 14 is divided into a second left magnetic gap 14a and a second right magnetic gap 14b; and the third magnetic gap 15 is divided into a third left magnetic gap 15a and a third right magnetic gap 15b.

[0093] like Fig.15 As shown, the piston rod 10 pushes the magnetorheological fluid in the circular hole of the sleeve 21 downward, so that the magnetorheological fluid flows from the second sub-chamber to the first sub-chamber, and in this process, the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap flows. Among them, flow route a and flow route b indicate the flow route of the magnetorheological fluid in the second sub-chamber. The arrows on flow route a and flow route b indicate the flow direction.

[0094] When the vibration reduction object is horizontally excited, the piston rod 10 drives the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 to move horizontally, and the shear force formed between the sleeve 21 and the magnetic flux coil 20 causes the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap to flow.

[0095] The piston rod 10 drives the sleeve 21 to move in the horizontal direction, thereby driving the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 to move horizontally. The size of the magnetic gap (i.e., the third magnetic gap 15) between the magnetic flux coil 20 and the outer wall of the sleeve 21 changes, so that the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap flows.

[0096] Assuming that the horizontal excitation is to the left, the piston rod 10 drives the sleeve 21 to move to the left, and then drives the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 to move to the left, the size of the third left magnetic gap 15a becomes smaller, and the size of the third right magnetic gap 15b becomes larger; the magnetorheological fluid in the third left magnetic gap 15a flows to the first sub-cavity and / or the second sub-cavity (such as the first left magnetic gap 13a and / or the second left magnetic gap 14a) respectively. Fig.16a As shown, arrow c is the leftward excitation direction); assuming that the horizontal excitation is to the right, the piston rod 10 drives the sleeve 21 to move to the right, thereby driving the first magnetic body 22 and the second magnetic body 23 to move to the right, the size of the third right magnetic gap 15b becomes smaller, and the size of the third left magnetic gap 15a becomes larger; the magnetorheological fluid in the third right magnetic gap 15b flows to the first sub-cavity and / or the second sub-cavity through the first right magnetic gap 13b and / or the second right magnetic gap 14b respectively (as shown in FIG. Fig.16b As shown, arrow d is the rightward excitation direction).

[0097] Specifically, when the horizontal excitation is to the left, the flow rate of the magnetorheological fluid in the third left magnetic gap 15a through the first left magnetic gap 13a and the flow rate through the second left magnetic gap 14a will be determined according to the offset of the sleeve 21, and will be specifically confirmed according to the actual force conditions. It is only necessary to ensure that magnetorheological fluid flows through the first left magnetic gap 13a and the second left magnetic gap 14a to cut the magnetic flux lines; similarly, when the horizontal excitation is to the right, the flow rate of the magnetorheological fluid in the third right magnetic gap 15b through the first right magnetic gap 13b and the flow rate through the second right magnetic gap 14b will be determined according to the offset of the sleeve 21. It is specifically confirmed according to the actual force conditions. It is only necessary to ensure that magnetorheological fluid flows through the first right magnetic gap 13b and the second right magnetic gap 14b to cut the magnetic flux lines.

[0098] Step 102: The magnetic flux coil 20 receives the current signal, controls the magnetic field strength in the magnetic gap, and further changes the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid to suppress the vibration of the vibration reduction object.

[0099] By adjusting the current of the magnetic flux coil 20, the magnetic field strength in the magnetic gap is controlled, and then the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid is controlled to suppress the vertical vibration of the vibration reduction object; by adjusting the current of the magnetic flux coil 20, the magnetic field strength in the magnetic gap is controlled, and then the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid is controlled to suppress the horizontal vibration of the vibration reduction object.

[0100] Among them, when the magnetorheological fluid flows in the magnetic gap, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid changes due to the effect of the magnetic field, thereby generating a damping force, and the magnitude of the damping force increases with the increase of the magnetic field strength until the magnetic field reaches saturation. The magnetic field strength is related to the current passed through the excitation coil 201, and increases with the increase of the current until the magnetic field reaches saturation. For the specific structure of the three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber, please refer to Example 1, and no further explanation is given in this embodiment.

[0101] Embodiment 3:

[0102] Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a practical application scenario of a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber based on Embodiment 1, as follows:

[0103] like Fig.17 As shown, the vibration reduction object (such as Fig.17 As shown in a2 in the figure, it is a rectangular parallelepiped. According to the distribution of the center of gravity of the vibration reduction object, four vibration absorbers (such as Fig.17 The four three-axial controllable damping magnetorheological dampers are respectively arranged at the four vertex positions of the bottom surface of the damping object, and the top of the elastic shell 1 of each three-axial controllable damping magnetorheological damper is matched and fixed with the damping object. A collection plate is provided at the lead sealing cover 172 of each three-axial controllable damping magnetorheological damper.

[0104] The bottom of the vibration reduction object is provided with a controller (such as Fig.17 As shown in a3, the controller is respectively connected to the magnetic core components 2 on the four three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological dampers; when the damping object is subjected to horizontal or vertical excitation, the damping object synchronously applies force to the piston rods 10 on the four three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological dampers, and the piston rods 10 move in the corresponding direction. The collection plates on each three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological damper generate basic acceleration, and the controller obtains the acceleration information of the collection plates on each three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological damper, and then sends the regulated current to each three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological damper accordingly, thereby realizing the adjustment of the damping in the corresponding direction.

[0105] When the collected basic acceleration is larger, the current signal input into the magnetic core component 2 is larger, and the damping characteristic of the magnetorheological fluid is larger. When the collected basic acceleration is smaller, the current signal input into the magnetic core component 2 is smaller, and the damping characteristic of the magnetorheological fluid is smaller.

[0106] In this embodiment, the acquisition board collects the basic acceleration of the entire three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber itself in real time through the acceleration acquisition chip, and sends the basic acceleration information to the controller through the corresponding connector socket. The controller sends a corresponding current signal according to the basic acceleration, and the current signal is input into the excitation coil 201 in the magnetic core assembly 2 through the connector socket; wherein, the greater the basic acceleration collected by the acquisition board, the greater the degree of vibration influence on the three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber, indicating that the current vibration amplitude of the shock absorption object is large. If corresponding shock absorption is required, the damping force of the piston rod 10 needs to be changed to a greater extent accordingly.

[0107] When the basic acceleration collected by the acquisition board is larger, the control current input to the excitation coil 201 is larger, the damping characteristic of the magnetorheological fluid is larger, and the damping force applied to the piston rod 10 is larger, which corresponds to a larger reduction in vibration; when the basic acceleration collected by the acquisition board is smaller, the control current input to the excitation coil 201 is smaller, the damping characteristic of the magnetorheological fluid is smaller, and the damping force applied to the piston rod 10 is smaller, which corresponds to a smaller reduction in vibration.

[0108] The specific structure of the tri-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber is shown in Example 1, and will not be further described in this embodiment.

[0109] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber, characterized in that: include: An elastic shell (1), a magnetic core component (2) and a bottom cover (3), wherein a magnetorheological fluid is contained in an inner cavity formed by the elastic shell (1) and the bottom cover (3); and the magnetic core component (2) is arranged in the inner cavity; The magnetic core assembly (2) comprises a magnetic flux coil (20), a sleeve (21), a first magnetic body (22) and a second magnetic body (23); the first magnetic body (22) and the second magnetic body (23) are symmetrically sleeved on the sleeve (21); the first magnetic body (22) and the second magnetic body (23) are capable of horizontal displacement relative to the bottom cover (3); The magnetic flux coil (20) is arranged between the first magnetic body (22) and the second magnetic body (23), and magnetic gaps exist between the magnetic flux coil (20) and the outer wall of the sleeve (21), the first magnetic body (22), and the second magnetic body (23); the outer ring of the magnetic flux coil (20) abuts against the inner wall of the elastic shell (1); A piston rod (10) is provided in the elastic housing (1), one end of the piston rod (10) is used to cooperate with a vibration reduction object, and the other end of the piston rod (10) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (21) with a preset damping force; When the vibration reduction object is subjected to vertical excitation and / or horizontal excitation, the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap flows; the magnetic flux coil (20) is used to receive a current signal, control the magnetic field intensity in the magnetic gap, and then change the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid to suppress the vibration of the vibration reduction object.

2. The three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner cavity is divided into a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity by the magnetic core component (2), and the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity are connected; in the vertical direction, the positions of the first magnetic body (22) and the second magnetic body (23) relative to the bottom cover (3) remain unchanged; When the vibration reduction object is vertically excited, the piston rod (10) is used to move along the inner wall of the sleeve (21) to push the magnetorheological fluid in the second sub-cavity to flow toward the first sub-cavity, thereby causing the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap to flow; When the vibration reduction object is horizontally excited, the piston rod (10) drives the first magnetic body (22) and the second magnetic body (23) to move horizontally, so that the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap flows.

3. The three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Part of the top surface of the first magnetic body (22) abuts against the inner wall of the elastic shell (1), and a first reserved gap (11) exists between the first magnetic body (22) and the inner wall of the elastic shell (1); Part of the bottom surface of the second magnetic body (23) abuts against the bottom cover (3), and a second reserved gap (12) exists between the second magnetic body (23) and the inner wall of the elastic shell (1); There is a first magnetic gap (13) between the magnetic flux coil (20) and the first magnetic body (22), there is a second magnetic gap (14) between the magnetic flux coil (20) and the second magnetic body (23), and there is a third magnetic gap (15) between the inner ring of the magnetic flux coil (20) and the outer wall of the sleeve (21); The first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity are connected to each other via a first reserved gap (11), a first magnetic gap (13), a third magnetic gap (15), a second magnetic gap (14) and the second reserved gap (12); When the vibration reduction object is subjected to vertical excitation, the piston rod (10) is used to move along the inner wall of the sleeve (21) to push the magnetorheological fluid in the second sub-cavity to flow toward the first sub-cavity, thereby causing the magnetorheological fluid in the first magnetic gap (13), the second magnetic gap (14) and the third magnetic gap (15) to flow; When the vibration reduction object is subjected to horizontal excitation, the piston rod (10) drives the first magnetic body (22) and the second magnetic body (23) to move horizontally, so that the magnetorheological fluid in the third magnetic gap (15) flows to the first sub-cavity through the first magnetic gap (13), and / or the magnetorheological fluid in the third magnetic gap (15) flows to the second sub-cavity through the second magnetic gap (14).

4. The three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The magnetic flux coil (20) comprises an external magnetic core (200), an excitation coil (201) and an internal magnetic core (202); the internal magnetic core (202) is sleeved on the sleeve (21), and a third magnetic gap (15) exists between the internal magnetic core (202) and the sleeve (21); The excitation coil (201) is sleeved on the internal magnetic core (202), and the external magnetic core (200) is sleeved on the excitation coil (201); the outer ring of the external magnetic core (200) abuts against the inner wall of the elastic shell (1).

5. The three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The elastic housing (1) comprises an elastic structural member (16) and a rigid structural member (17), one end of the piston rod (10) is arranged on the elastic structural member (16), and the bottom cover (3) is arranged at the bottom of the rigid structural member (17); A first abutting surface (160) is provided at the connection between the elastic structural member (16) and the rigid structural member (17), and a second abutting surface (30) is provided on the bottom cover (3); a portion of the top surface of the first magnetic body (22) abuts against the first abutting surface (160), and a portion of the bottom surface of the second magnetic body (23) abuts against the second abutting surface (30); The outer ring of the external magnetic core (200) abuts against the inner wall of the rigid structural member (17).

6. The three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber according to claim 5 is characterized in that: It also includes a first friction plate (4) and a second friction plate (5); a plurality of bosses (40) and a plurality of grooves (41) are arranged at intervals on the circumference of the first friction plate (4) and the second friction plate (5); The first friction plate (4) is fixed on the first abutting surface (160), the boss (40) on the first friction plate (4) abuts against a portion of the top surface of the first magnetic body (22), and the groove (41) on the first friction plate (4) is used as a circulation channel for magnetorheological fluid; The second friction plate (5) is fixed on the second abutting surface (30), the boss (40) on the second friction plate (5) abuts against a portion of the bottom surface of the second magnetic body (23), and the groove (41) on the second friction plate (5) is used as a circulation channel for magnetorheological fluid.

7. The three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a first elastic body (6) and a second elastic body (7); the first elastic body (6) is arranged on the outer wall of the piston rod (10), and the second elastic body (7) is arranged on the periphery of the first elastic body (6); One end of the first elastic body (6) abuts against the abutment platform (100) on the piston rod (10), and the other end of the first elastic body (6) abuts against the top of the sleeve (21); one end of the second elastic body (7) abuts against the top wall of the elastic shell (1), and the other end of the second elastic body (7) abuts against the top of the first magnetic body (22).

8. The three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The other end of the piston rod (10) is provided with a sealing ring (101), and the sealing ring (101) is used for interference fit with the inner wall of the sleeve (21).

9. A vibration reduction method for a three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological vibration absorber, characterized in that: The three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises: When the vibration reduction object is subjected to vertical excitation and / or horizontal excitation, the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap is driven to flow; The magnetic flux coil (20) receives a current signal to control the magnetic field intensity in the magnetic gap, thereby changing the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid to suppress the vibration of the vibration reduction object.

10. The vibration reduction method of the three-axial damping controllable magnetorheological vibration absorber according to claim 9, characterized in that: The vibration reduction method further comprises: When the vibration reduction object is vertically excited, the piston rod (10) and the sleeve (21) move relative to each other so that the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap flows; by adjusting the current of the magnetic flux coil (20), the magnetic field intensity in the magnetic gap is controlled, and the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid is controlled to suppress the vertical vibration of the vibration reduction object; When the vibration reduction object is subjected to horizontal excitation, the piston rod (10) drives the first magnetic body (22) and the second magnetic body (23) to move horizontally, and the shear force formed between the sleeve (21) and the magnetic flux coil (20) causes the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic gap to flow; by adjusting the current of the magnetic flux coil (20), the magnetic field intensity in the magnetic gap is controlled, and then the damping force of the magnetorheological fluid is controlled to suppress the horizontal vibration of the vibration reduction object.

Images