Hydrogen supply device and hydrogen supply method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen, and provides a hydrogen supply device and a hydrogen supply method thereof.The hydrogen supply device comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank, a liquid hydrogen gasifier, a hydrogen storage tank and a catalytic hydrogen elimination assembly. According to the hydrogen supply device, evaporated hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank is collected through the hydrogen storage tank, so that in the hydrogen supply process of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, heat energy generated by catalytic hydrogen elimination of excessively evaporated hydrogen can be used as a heat source of the liquid hydrogen gasifier, and the hydrogen supply device with the integrated functions of hydrogen storage, hydrogen supply and hydrogen elimination is achieved; the method has the characteristics of high safety, low energy consumption and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of hydrogen technology, and in particular to a hydrogen supply device and a hydrogen supply method thereof. Background Art

[0002] One of the ways to store hydrogen is in liquid hydrogen storage tanks. Due to the evaporation of liquid hydrogen and the conversion of ortho- and para-hydrogen, the volatilization of liquid hydrogen during shutdown will cause the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank to increase. Excessive pressure will exceed the material's bearing limit and cause an explosion. Therefore, it is necessary to relieve the pressure according to the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank. However, if hydrogen is discharged directly into the environment, it will not only cause a waste of hydrogen but also pose a safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a hydrogen supply device and a hydrogen supply method with high hydrogen utilization rate.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a hydrogen supply device, the hydrogen supply device comprising:

[0005] A liquid hydrogen storage tank, wherein the liquid hydrogen storage tank is connected to a pressure relief pipeline and a first hydrogen supply pipeline, wherein the first hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a hydrogen-using device;

[0006] A liquid hydrogen vaporizer, which is disposed on the first hydrogen supply pipeline and is used to heat and vaporize liquid hydrogen to form hydrogen;

[0007] A hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the pressure relief pipeline in the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen storage tank is used to collect hydrogen discharged by the pressure relief of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen storage tank is also connected to a second hydrogen supply pipeline and a hydrogen elimination pipeline, and the second hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to the hydrogen using equipment;

[0008] A catalytic hydrogen removal component, the catalytic hydrogen removal component comprises a gas mixer, a preheater and a catalytic hydrogen removal device which are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen removal pipeline along the flow direction of hydrogen; the catalytic hydrogen removal component also comprises an exhaust pipeline and a first heat supply pipeline which are independently connected to the outlet of the catalytic hydrogen removal device; the first heat supply pipeline is connected to the heat source side of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer to heat the liquid hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen vaporizer.

[0009] In some embodiments, the catalytic dehydrogenation assembly further includes a second heat supply pipeline connected to the outlet of the catalytic dehydrogenator, and the second heat supply pipeline is connected to the heat source side of the preheater to heat the gas entering the preheater.

[0010] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply device further includes a first heater disposed on the preheater, and the first heater is used to heat the gas entering the preheater.

[0011] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply device further includes a second heater disposed on the liquid hydrogen vaporizer, and the second heater is used to heat the liquid hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen vaporizer.

[0012] In some embodiments, the catalytic hydrogen removal component further includes a pressure reducing valve and a flow valve, and the pressure reducing valve and the flow valve are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen removal pipeline between the hydrogen storage tank and the gas mixer along the hydrogen flow direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the catalytic hydrogen removal assembly further includes an air pump connected to the gas mixer.

[0014] In some embodiments, the catalytic hydrogen removal component further includes a cooler disposed on the exhaust pipeline, and the cooler is used to cool the gas in the exhaust pipeline.

[0015] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply device further includes a hydrogen replenishment pipeline, the inlet of the hydrogen replenishment pipeline is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer, and the outlet of the hydrogen replenishment pipeline is connected to the hydrogen removal pipeline between the hydrogen storage tank and the catalytic hydrogen removal assembly.

[0016] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply device further includes a first pressure sensor disposed on the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and the first pressure sensor is used to detect the gas pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank.

[0017] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply device further includes a second pressure sensor disposed on the hydrogen storage tank, and the second pressure sensor is used to detect the gas pressure in the hydrogen storage tank.

[0018] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply device further includes a hydrogen concentration sensor, and the hydrogen concentration sensor is used to detect the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply device.

[0019] In some embodiments, the hydrogen-using equipment is a hydrogen fuel cell; the circulating cooling medium discharged from the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the heat source side of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer to heat the liquid hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen vaporizer; and / or, the circulating cooling medium discharged from the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the heat source side of the preheater to heat the gas entering the preheater.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present application provides a hydrogen supply method for the hydrogen supply device according to the first aspect, the hydrogen supply method comprising:

[0021] The hydrogen generated in the liquid hydrogen storage tank enters the hydrogen storage tank through the pressure relief pipeline for storage;

[0022] When the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using equipment is greater than the first hydrogen demand, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank enters the hydrogen removal pipeline, is mixed with air in the gas mixer, enters the preheater for preheating, and then the gas discharged after hydrogen removal by the catalytic hydrogen remover enters the liquid hydrogen vaporizer as a heat source; at the same time, the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank enters the liquid hydrogen vaporizer through the first hydrogen supply pipeline, is vaporized, and then enters the hydrogen-using equipment;

[0023] When the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using device is less than the first hydrogen demand, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank enters the hydrogen-using device through the second hydrogen supply pipeline;

[0024] When the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank is greater than a first preset pressure, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is discharged into the catalytic hydrogen elimination component for elimination.

[0025] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply device also includes a hydrogen replenishment pipeline. When the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using equipment is greater than the first hydrogen demand and the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank is less than the second preset pressure, the hydrogen storage tank stops discharging hydrogen to the hydrogen elimination pipeline. After part of the hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen vaporizer enters the catalytic hydrogen elimination component through the hydrogen replenishment pipeline, the exhaust gas of the catalytic hydrogen elimination enters the liquid hydrogen vaporizer as a heat source.

[0026] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply device further includes an air pump. When the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply device is greater than a preset hydrogen concentration, the air pump pumps the gas in the hydrogen supply device into the hydrogen elimination pipeline, and the catalytic hydrogen eliminater is used to eliminate the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply device.

[0027] Compared with the traditional technology, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The hydrogen supply device of the present application is provided with a hydrogen storage tank capable of collecting the hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen storage tank during pressure relief, which can not only meet the hydrogen supply requirements of the hydrogen-using equipment under the first hydrogen demand; but also in the process of hydrogen supply from the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank can be discharged to the catalytic hydrogen eliminator for elimination, thereby using the heat energy of the exhaust gas as the heat source of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer to heat the liquid hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen storage tank, thereby reducing the additional heating power consumption of the hydrogen supply device. In addition, during the shutdown stage, the catalytic hydrogen eliminator can also be used to eliminate the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen storage tank during pressure relief, so as to avoid the accumulation of hydrogen in the hydrogen supply device and cause safety hazards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen supply device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of another hydrogen supply device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of another hydrogen supply device provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Among them, 1-liquid hydrogen storage tank; 2-pressure relief pipeline; 3-first hydrogen supply pipeline; 4-hydrogen using equipment; 5-liquid hydrogen vaporizer; 6-hydrogen storage tank; 7-second hydrogen supply pipeline; 8-hydrogen elimination pipeline; 9-gas mixer; 10-preheater; 11-catalytic hydrogen elimination device; 12-exhaust pipeline; 13-first heating pipeline; 14-second heating pipeline; 15-first heater; 16-second heater; 17-pressure reducing valve; 18-flow valve; 19-air pump; 20-cooler; 21-hydrogen replenishment pipeline; 22-first pressure sensor; 23-second pressure sensor; 24-hydrogen concentration sensor; 25-hydrogen injection pipeline; 26-emergency pressure relief pipeline; 27-radiator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Below in conjunction with the embodiments and examples, the present application is further described in detail. These embodiments and examples are only used to illustrate the present application and are not used to limit the scope of the present application. The purpose of providing these embodiments and examples is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive. It should also be understood that the present application can be implemented in many different forms, and is not limited to the embodiments and examples described herein. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without violating the connotation of the present application, and the equivalent form obtained also falls within the protection scope of the present application. In addition, in the description below, a large number of specific details are given in order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the present application. It should be understood that the present application can be implemented without one or more of these details.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0035] In this application, "optionally", "optional", and "optional" mean optional or dispensable, that is, any one of the two parallel schemes of "yes" or "no". If multiple "options" appear in a technical solution, unless otherwise specified and there is no contradiction or mutual restriction, each "optional" is independent.

[0036] In this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. in "the first aspect", "the second aspect", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or quantity, nor can they be understood as implicitly indicating the importance or quantity of the indicated technical features. Moreover, "first", "second", etc. only serve the purpose of non-exhaustive enumeration and description, and it should be understood that they do not constitute a closed limitation on quantity.

[0037] In the present application, the technical features described in an open manner include closed technical solutions composed of the listed features, and also include open technical solutions containing the listed features.

[0038] In the present application, when it comes to a numerical interval (i.e., a numerical range), unless otherwise specified, the distribution of the optional numerical values ​​in the numerical interval is considered to be continuous, and includes the two numerical endpoints (i.e., the minimum and maximum values) of the numerical interval, and each numerical value between the two numerical endpoints. Unless otherwise specified, when the numerical interval only refers to an integer in the numerical interval, it includes the two endpoint integers of the numerical range, and each integer between the two endpoints, which is equivalent to directly listing each integer. When multiple numerical ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, these numerical ranges can be combined. In other words, unless otherwise specified, the numerical range disclosed in the present application should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges included therein. The "numerical value" in the numerical interval can be any quantitative value, such as a number, a percentage, a ratio, etc. "Numerical interval" allows for a broad range of quantitative intervals such as percentage intervals, ratio intervals, and ratio intervals.

[0039] All documents mentioned in this application are cited as references in this application, just as each document is cited as reference separately. Unless they conflict with the application purpose and / or technical solution of this application, the cited documents involved in this application are cited with all contents and all purposes. When the cited documents are involved in this application, the definitions of relevant technical features, terms, nouns, phrases, etc. in the cited documents are also cited. When the cited documents are involved in this application, the examples and preferred methods of the cited relevant technical features can also be incorporated into this application as references, but are limited to the implementation of this application. It should be understood that when the cited content conflicts with the description in this application, the present application shall prevail or be modified adaptively according to the description of this application.

[0040] In conventional technology, liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 can provide continuous and stable hydrogen output as a hydrogen supply device. However, during the storage process, liquid hydrogen will volatilize, resulting in excessive pressure in liquid hydrogen storage tank 1. Therefore, pressure relief is required. Discharging hydrogen directly into the environment not only wastes hydrogen but also poses a potential safety hazard. In addition, during the hydrogen supply process of liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, an additional heater is required to heat and vaporize the liquid hydrogen discharged from liquid hydrogen storage tank 1.

[0041] In a first aspect, the present application provides a hydrogen supply device, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen supply device includes a liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, a liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5, a hydrogen storage tank 6 and a catalytic hydrogen removal component.

[0042] The liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is connected to a pressure relief pipeline 2 and a first hydrogen supply pipeline 3, and the first hydrogen supply pipeline 3 is connected to a hydrogen-using device 4. The liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 is arranged on the first hydrogen supply pipeline 3, and the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 is used to heat and vaporize liquid hydrogen to form hydrogen. The hydrogen storage tank 6 is connected to the pressure relief pipeline 2 in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, and the hydrogen storage tank 6 is used to collect the hydrogen discharged by the pressure relief of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1. The hydrogen storage tank 6 is also connected to a second hydrogen supply pipeline 7 and a hydrogen elimination pipeline 8, and the second hydrogen supply pipeline 7 is connected to the hydrogen-using device 4. The catalytic hydrogen removal component includes a gas mixer 9, a preheater 10 and a catalytic hydrogen removal device 11 which are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen removal pipeline 8 along the flow direction of hydrogen; the catalytic hydrogen removal component also includes an exhaust pipeline 12 and a first heat supply pipeline 13 which are independently connected to the outlet of the catalytic hydrogen removal device 11; the first heat supply pipeline 13 is connected to the heat source side of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5, and is used to heat the liquid hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5.

[0043] The hydrogen supply device of the present application is provided with a hydrogen storage tank 6 capable of collecting the hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 during pressure relief, which can not only meet the hydrogen supply requirements of the hydrogen-using equipment 4 under the first hydrogen demand; and in the process of hydrogen supply from the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 6 can be discharged to the catalytic hydrogen remover 11 for elimination, thereby using the heat energy of the exhaust gas as the heat source of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 to heat the liquid hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, thereby reducing the heating power consumption. In addition, during the shutdown stage, the catalytic hydrogen remover 11 can also be used to eliminate the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen storage tank 6 during pressure relief, so as to avoid the accumulation of hydrogen in the hydrogen supply device and cause safety hazards.

[0044] It should be noted that in the present application, a hydrogen removal catalyst is used in the catalytic hydrogen removal device 11 to remove hydrogen and convert it into water. Among them, hydrogen and oxygen can be adsorbed and activated on the surface of the hydrogen removal catalyst at normal temperature and pressure, thereby a catalytic reaction occurs to generate water and heat. The hydrogen removal catalyst is usually a material with a high specific surface area, for example, it can be a metal oxide (such as copper oxide, manganese dioxide, etc.) or a precious metal (such as palladium, platinum, etc.).

[0045] In some embodiments, Figure 2As shown, the catalytic dehydrogenation component also includes a second heat supply pipeline 14 connected to the outlet of the catalytic dehydrogenator 11, and the second heat supply pipeline 14 is connected to the heat source side of the preheater 10, and is used to heat the gas entering the preheater 10. By setting the second heat supply pipeline 14, the present application can use the gas discharged from the catalytic dehydrogenator 11 as the heat source of the preheater 10 to heat the gas entering the preheater 10, thereby further reducing the heating power of the electric heating. It can be understood that the preheater 10 can effectively improve the catalytic efficiency of the catalytic dehydrogenator 11 in the startup phase. When the catalytic dehydrogenator 11 reacts stably, it is not necessary to preheat the gas entering the catalytic dehydrogenator 11.

[0046] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply device further includes a first heater 15 disposed on the preheater 10, and the first heater 15 is used to heat the gas entering the preheater 10. It is understood that the first heater 15 can be used as a heat source to heat the gas entering the preheater 10, and the first heater 15 can be an electric heater. Further, the hydrogen supply device of the present application can include the above-mentioned second heating pipeline 14 and the first heater 15 at the same time, wherein the first heater 15 is used for heat compensation when the heating effect of the second heating pipeline 14 is insufficient.

[0047] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen supply device further includes a second heater 16 disposed on the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5, and the second heater 16 is used to heat the liquid hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5. It is understandable that the second heater 16 can be used as a heat source to heat the liquid hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5, and the second heater 16 can be an electric heater. The second heater 16 is used for heat compensation when the heating effect of the first heating pipeline is insufficient.

[0048] In some embodiments, the catalytic hydrogen removal component further includes a pressure reducing valve 17 and a flow valve 18, and the pressure reducing valve 17 and the flow valve 18 are sequentially arranged along the hydrogen flow direction on the hydrogen removal pipeline 8 between the hydrogen storage tank 6 and the gas mixer 9. The present application controls the flow rate and pressure of the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen storage tank 6 through the pressure reducing valve 17 and the flow valve 18 to ensure the catalytic hydrogen removal effect.

[0049] In some embodiments, the catalytic hydrogen elimination component further includes an air pump 19, and the air pump 19 is connected to the gas mixer 9. In the present application, air is mixed into the gas mixer 9 by the air pump 19, thereby improving the mixing efficiency. In addition, when the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply device is high, the air pump 19 can also be used to drive the gas circulation in the hydrogen supply device, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply device is eliminated by the catalytic hydrogen elimination device 11, so as to avoid the accumulation of hydrogen in the hydrogen supply device to cause safety problems.

[0050] In some embodiments, the air pump 19 may be an industrial fan, an axial flow fan or a compressor, which can meet the air supply in the gas mixer 9 and drive the gas flow in the hydrogen supply device.

[0051] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the catalytic dehydrogenation assembly also includes a cooler 20 disposed on the exhaust pipeline 12, and the cooler 20 is used to cool the gas in the exhaust pipeline 12. Optionally, the first heat supply pipeline 13 and the second heat supply pipeline 14 can also be independently connected to the cooler 20, so as to further cool the gas after heat exchange and discharge it. It can be understood that the first heat supply pipeline 13 and the second heat supply pipeline 14 can choose whether to connect to the cooler 20 according to the condition of the exhaust gas. For example, if the gas in the second heat supply pipeline 14 still has a high temperature after heat exchange in the preheater 10, the second heat supply pipeline 14 needs to be connected to the cooler 20 to avoid the problem of excessive exhaust temperature. Similarly, the first heat supply pipeline 13 can determine whether to connect to the cooler 20 according to the exhaust temperature.

[0052] In some embodiments, the cooler 20 may be a fin-type heat dissipation structure with a large heat dissipation area, and cools the tail exhaust gas through the external ambient temperature, and is a non-power-consuming structural component.

[0053] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply device further includes a hydrogen replenishment pipeline 21, the inlet of the hydrogen replenishment pipeline 21 is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5, and the outlet of the hydrogen replenishment pipeline 21 is connected to the hydrogen elimination pipeline 8 between the hydrogen storage tank 6 and the catalytic hydrogen elimination component. The present application sets the hydrogen replenishment pipeline 21. When the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 continuously supplies hydrogen, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 6 is gradually consumed. It may happen that the hydrogen content in the hydrogen storage tank 6 is insufficient to ensure that the exhaust gas after catalytic hydrogen elimination is used as the heat source of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5. The hydrogen after part of the liquid hydrogen vaporization can be connected to the hydrogen elimination pipeline 8 through the hydrogen replenishment pipeline 21 to ensure that the exhaust gas after catalytic hydrogen elimination is used as the heat source of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5.

[0054] It should be noted that this application Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the embodiment, the hydrogen replenishment pipeline 21 partially overlaps with the second hydrogen supply pipeline 7. When the hydrogen storage tank 6 is used to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen-using device 4, hydrogen enters the hydrogen-using device 4 from the second hydrogen supply pipeline 7. At this time, the pipeline is the second hydrogen supply pipeline 7. When part of the hydrogen produced by the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 is used as a compensation for the hydrogen elimination pipeline 8, hydrogen enters the hydrogen elimination pipeline 8 from the hydrogen replenishment pipeline 21. At this time, the pipeline is the hydrogen replenishment pipeline 21. That is, by adjusting the valve on the pipeline, different connection modes and functions are provided in different working modes.

[0055] It is understandable that the volume and maximum operating pressure of the hydrogen storage tank 6 can be designed according to the specific use environment. When the storage tank volume is large and the design pressure is high, the hydrogen storage is large, and the hydrogen volatilized from the liquid hydrogen storage tank can be stored for a long time, while meeting the long-term hydrogen supply of the hydrogen-using equipment 4. However, the corresponding storage tank volume is large, storage layout is difficult, and the cost is high. Therefore, it is necessary to select the volume and operating pressure of the gas storage tank according to the specific use scenario.

[0056] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen supply device further includes a first pressure sensor 22 disposed on the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, and the first pressure sensor 22 is used to detect the gas pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1. The present application detects the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, and thus determines whether it is necessary to release pressure to the hydrogen storage tank 6 according to the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, or when the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is too high, the pressure can be released to the environment to avoid safety problems.

[0057] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply device further includes a second pressure sensor 23 disposed on the hydrogen storage tank 6, and the second pressure sensor 23 is used to detect the gas pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 6. The present application controls the discharge and storage of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 6 according to the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 6 by detecting the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 6. When the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 6 is relatively high, the hydrogen can be discharged into the hydrogen elimination pipeline 8 and eliminated by using a catalytic hydrogen elimination component. When the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 6 is relatively low, the hydrogen discharged by the pressure relief in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 can be collected. In addition, when the hydrogen-using equipment 4 is continuously running, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 6 is used to supply the catalytic hydrogen elimination device 11 for elimination, and the discharged gas is used as a heat source for the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5. If the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 6 is relatively low, the hydrogen supply from the hydrogen storage tank 6 can be stopped, and the hydrogen replenishment pipeline 21 is used to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen elimination pipeline 8.

[0058] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply device further includes a hydrogen concentration sensor 24, which is used to detect the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply device. The present application detects the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply device. When it is detected that the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply device is too high, the hydrogen storage tank 6 is stopped from discharging hydrogen to the hydrogen elimination pipeline 8, and the air pump 19 is used to drive the gas circulation in the hydrogen supply device to eliminate hydrogen from the gas in the hydrogen supply device. The emergency hydrogen elimination mode can effectively handle the hydrogen leaked from the device in the hydrogen supply device, maintain a safe environment for hydrogen use, especially in a relatively closed environment, and provide safety protection services for the hydrogen supply device for a long time. In addition, when a serious leakage accident occurs, the emergency hydrogen elimination mode of the catalytic hydrogen elimination component can handle part of the leaked hydrogen, reduce the accident safety level, and strive for equipment repair and rescue time.

[0059] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen-using device 4 is a hydrogen fuel cell; the circulating cooling medium discharged from the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the heat source side of the liquid hydrogen gasifier 5 to heat the liquid hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen gasifier 5; and / or, the circulating cooling medium discharged from the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the heat source side of the preheater 10 to heat the gas entering the preheater 10. In the present application, the hydrogen-using device 4 is a hydrogen fuel cell, and the circulating cooling medium generated by the hydrogen fuel cell can be used as an auxiliary heat source for the preheater 10 and / or the liquid hydrogen gasifier 5 to further reduce the heating power.

[0060] Optionally, the hydrogen fuel cell includes a fuel cell and a radiator 27 that are cyclically connected, and a circulating cooling medium circulates between the fuel cell and the radiator 27; the hydrogen supply device also includes a third heating pipeline, one end of the third heating pipeline is connected to the drainage end of the fuel cell, and the other end is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5, and the circulating cooling medium discharged from the fuel cell is used as a heat source for the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5, and then discharged to connect to the fuel cell.

[0061] Hydrogen fuel cells generate high-quality heat energy, which is carried out through the circulating cooling medium. Usually, a temperature detector and a radiator 27 are provided on the circulating pipeline of the fuel cell system to adjust the temperature of the circulating cooling medium in the circulating pipeline. The present application utilizes the high-quality heat energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell as the heat source of the liquid hydrogen gasifier 5 and / or the preheater 10, thereby improving energy utilization and reducing the heating power of the device.

[0062] In some embodiments, the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is also connected to a hydrogen injection pipeline 25 for adding liquid hydrogen into the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 .

[0063] In some embodiments, the hydrogen storage tank 6 is also connected to an emergency pressure relief pipeline 26 for relieving the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank 6 in an emergency.

[0064] It is understandable that each pipeline of the present application is provided with a regulating valve for controlling the opening and closing of each pipeline. Those skilled in the art can control the pipeline and the regulating valve according to actual needs to realize the functions of different pipelines. In addition, each pipeline of the present application can confirm whether it is necessary to add a driving pump on the pipeline according to the needs of the transported material.

[0065] In some embodiments, the preheater 10 may be a plate heat exchange structure, utilizing a heat source to perform convection heat exchange with the gas entering the preheater 10. For example, a shell and tube gas heat exchanger, a plate gas heat exchanger, or a fin gas heat exchanger may be used.

[0066] A second aspect of the present application provides a hydrogen supply method for the hydrogen supply device according to the first aspect, the hydrogen supply method comprising:

[0067] The hydrogen generated in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 enters the hydrogen storage tank 6 through the pressure relief pipeline 2 for storage;

[0068] When the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using device 4 is greater than the first hydrogen demand, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 6 enters the hydrogen removal pipeline 8, is mixed with air in the gas mixer 9, enters the preheater 10 for preheating, and then the gas discharged after hydrogen removal by the catalytic hydrogen remover 11 enters the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 as a heat source; at the same time, the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 enters the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 through the first hydrogen supply pipeline 3, is gasified, and then enters the hydrogen-using device 4;

[0069] When the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using device 4 is less than the first hydrogen demand, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 6 enters the hydrogen-using device 4 through the second hydrogen supply pipeline 7;

[0070] When the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 6 is greater than the first preset pressure, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 6 is discharged into the catalytic hydrogen elimination component for elimination.

[0071] It is understandable that the first hydrogen requirement can be reasonably selected according to the power of the hydrogen-using device 4 and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank 6 to meet the short-term operation of the hydrogen-using device 4. The first preset pressure can be selected according to the design pressure of the hydrogen storage tank 6 to avoid excessive pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 6.

[0072] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply device further includes a hydrogen replenishment pipeline 21. When the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using equipment 4 is greater than the first hydrogen demand and the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 6 is less than the second preset pressure, the hydrogen storage tank 6 stops discharging hydrogen to the hydrogen elimination pipeline 8. After part of the hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 enters the catalytic hydrogen elimination component through the hydrogen replenishment pipeline 21, the exhaust gas of the catalytic hydrogen elimination device 11 enters the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 as a heat source. It is understandable that the second preset pressure can be selected according to the designed hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank 6 to avoid the problem of insufficient hydrogen due to too low hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 6.

[0073] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply device further includes an air pump 19. When the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply device is greater than a preset hydrogen concentration, the air pump 19 pumps the gas in the hydrogen supply device into the hydrogen elimination pipeline 8, and the catalytic hydrogen eliminater 11 is used to eliminate the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply device.

[0074] Exemplarily, a hydrogen supply method of the above hydrogen supply device is provided, comprising the following working modes:

[0075] (1) Overpressure hydrogen removal mode

[0076] When the hydrogen-using equipment 4 stops working for a long time, due to the influence of the external environment temperature, the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is heated and evaporated, and the hydrogen storage tank 6 collects the hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1. When it is detected that the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 6 is greater than the first preset pressure, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 6 is discharged to the hydrogen removal pipeline 8 to mix with the air, and enters the catalytic hydrogen remover 11 for hydrogen removal after preheating. The exhaust gas is directly cooled by the exhaust pipeline 12 and then discharged; or enters the second heating pipeline 14 as a heat source of the preheater 10 for heat exchange and then discharged. When the catalytic hydrogen remover 11 is stably operating, the gas entering the catalytic hydrogen remover 11 may not be preheated.

[0077] (2) Short-term hydrogen supply mode

[0078] When the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using device 4 is less than the first hydrogen demand, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 6 enters the hydrogen-using device 4 through the second hydrogen supply pipeline 7 , and the hydrogen storage tank 6 is used as the hydrogen supply source for the hydrogen-using device 4 .

[0079] (3) Long-term hydrogen supply mode

[0080] When the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using device 4 is greater than the first hydrogen demand, the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 enters the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 through the first hydrogen supply pipeline 3 for gasification and is then supplied to the hydrogen-using device 4; at the same time, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 6 is discharged to the hydrogen elimination pipeline 8 and reacts in the catalytic hydrogen eliminater 11, and the discharged gas enters the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 as a heating source to heat the liquid hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5. It can be understood that when the temperature of the gas discharged from the catalytic hydrogen eliminater 11 is insufficient, the second heater 16 is started to supplement the heat; when the pressure and temperature in the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 meet the use requirements, the gas flow in the first heat supply pipeline 13 can be adjusted to allow part of the gas to be discharged from the exhaust pipeline 12 to ensure the stable operation of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5;

[0081] The gas entering the catalytic dehydrogenator 11 can be preheated by the first heater 15. The gas discharged from the catalytic dehydrogenator 11 can also be preheated by using the gas as a heat source. At this time, the gas discharged from the catalytic dehydrogenator 11 first enters the preheater 10 through the second heating pipeline 14 to heat the preheater 10, and then enters the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 through the first heating pipeline 13 to heat. After the preheating of the catalytic dehydrogenator 11 is completed, the gas discharged from the catalytic dehydrogenator 11 is directly used to heat the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 through the first heating pipeline 13;

[0082] As the hydrogen supply device operates, when the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage tank 6 is less than the second preset pressure, the hydrogen storage tank 6 stops discharging hydrogen to the hydrogen removal pipeline 8, and after part of the hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 enters the catalytic hydrogen removal component through the hydrogen replenishment pipeline 21, the exhaust gas of the catalytic hydrogen remover 11 enters the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 as a heat source, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the catalytic hydrogen remover 11.

[0083] (4) Emergency hydrogen removal mode

[0084] When it is detected that the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply device is greater than the preset hydrogen concentration, the air pump 19 starts and inhales the mixed gas containing hydrogen in the environment, and enters the catalytic dehydrogenator 11 for elimination after preheating. The exhausted gas enters the preheater 10 as a heat source through the second heating pipeline 14, and enters the exhaust pipeline 12 for discharge after heat exchange; when the catalytic dehydrogenator 11 is preheated, the exhausted gas is directly discharged from the exhaust pipeline 12.

[0085] In summary, the hydrogen supply device of the present application is provided with a hydrogen storage tank 6 capable of collecting the hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 during pressure relief, which can not only meet the hydrogen supply requirements of the hydrogen-using equipment 4 under the first hydrogen demand; and in the process of hydrogen supply from the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 6 can be discharged to the catalytic hydrogen remover 11 for elimination, thereby using the heat energy of the exhaust gas as the heat source of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5 to heat the liquid hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1, thereby reducing the heating power consumption. In addition, during the shutdown stage, the catalytic hydrogen remover 11 can also be used to eliminate the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen storage tank 6 during pressure relief, so as to avoid the accumulation of hydrogen in the hydrogen supply device and cause safety hazards.

[0086] The hydrogen supply device and hydrogen supply method of the present application integrate the functions of hydrogen storage, hydrogen supply and hydrogen consumption, and realize the requirements of low power consumption and high safety hydrogen storage and supply, including the following features:

[0087] (1) The volatilized gaseous hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1 is processed by the catalytic hydrogen removal component to avoid the problem of excessive pressure in the liquid hydrogen tank and the problem of hydrogen emission caused by the pressure relief of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 1;

[0088] (2) The high-quality heat energy generated by the catalytic hydrogen removal component reduces the power consumption of electric heating required by the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 5;

[0089] (3) By detecting the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply device and using a catalytic hydrogen removal component to eliminate the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply device, the safety risks caused by hydrogen leakage can be effectively suppressed and the risk level of safety accidents can be reduced.

[0090] (4) When the hydrogen-using device 4 is a hydrogen fuel cell, the circulating cooling medium generated by the hydrogen fuel cell can be used as an auxiliary heat source to assist in heating the preheater 10 and / or the liquid hydrogen gasifier 5, thereby further reducing the power consumption of the hydrogen supply device.

[0091] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0092] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen supply device, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply device comprises: A liquid hydrogen storage tank, wherein the liquid hydrogen storage tank is connected to a pressure relief pipeline and a first hydrogen supply pipeline, wherein the first hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a hydrogen-using device; A liquid hydrogen vaporizer, which is disposed on the first hydrogen supply pipeline and is used to heat and vaporize liquid hydrogen to form hydrogen; A hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the pressure relief pipeline in the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen storage tank is used to collect hydrogen discharged by the pressure relief of the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen storage tank is also connected to a second hydrogen supply pipeline and a hydrogen elimination pipeline, and the second hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to the hydrogen using equipment; A catalytic hydrogen removal component, the catalytic hydrogen removal component comprises a gas mixer, a preheater and a catalytic hydrogen removal device which are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen removal pipeline along the flow direction of hydrogen; the catalytic hydrogen removal component also comprises an exhaust pipeline and a first heat supply pipeline which are independently connected to the outlet of the catalytic hydrogen removal device; the first heat supply pipeline is connected to the heat source side of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer to heat the liquid hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen vaporizer.

2. The hydrogen supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalytic dehydrogenation assembly further comprises a second heat supply pipeline connected to the outlet of the catalytic dehydrogenation device, wherein the second heat supply pipeline is connected to the heat source side of the preheater for heating the gas entering the preheater; and / or, The hydrogen supply device further includes a first heater disposed on the preheater, and the first heater is used to heat the gas entering the preheater.

3. The hydrogen supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply device further includes a second heater disposed on the liquid hydrogen vaporizer, and the second heater is used to heat the liquid hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen vaporizer.

4. The hydrogen supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalytic hydrogen removal component further includes a pressure reducing valve and a flow valve, wherein the pressure reducing valve and the flow valve are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen removal pipeline between the hydrogen storage tank and the gas mixer along the hydrogen flow direction; and / or, The catalytic hydrogen removal component further includes an air pump, which is connected to the gas mixer; and / or, The catalytic hydrogen removal component also includes a cooler arranged on the exhaust pipeline, and the cooler is used to cool the gas in the exhaust pipeline.

5. The hydrogen supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply device also includes a hydrogen replenishment pipeline, the inlet of which is connected to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer, and the outlet of which is connected to the hydrogen removal pipeline between the hydrogen storage tank and the catalytic hydrogen removal assembly.

6. The hydrogen supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply device further includes a first pressure sensor disposed on the liquid hydrogen storage tank, wherein the first pressure sensor is used to detect the gas pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank; and / or, The hydrogen supply device further comprises a second pressure sensor disposed on the hydrogen storage tank, the second pressure sensor being used to detect the gas pressure in the hydrogen storage tank; and / or, The hydrogen supply device further comprises a hydrogen concentration sensor, and the hydrogen concentration sensor is used to detect the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply device.

7. The hydrogen supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The hydrogen-using equipment is a hydrogen fuel cell; the circulating cooling medium discharged from the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the heat source side of the liquid hydrogen gasifier to heat the liquid hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen gasifier; and / or the circulating cooling medium discharged from the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the heat source side of the preheater to heat the gas entering the preheater.

8. A hydrogen supply method for the hydrogen supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply method comprises: The hydrogen generated in the liquid hydrogen storage tank enters the hydrogen storage tank through the pressure relief pipeline for storage; When the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using equipment is greater than the first hydrogen demand, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank enters the hydrogen removal pipeline, is mixed with air in the gas mixer, enters the preheater for preheating, and then the gas discharged after hydrogen removal by the catalytic hydrogen remover enters the liquid hydrogen vaporizer as a heat source; at the same time, the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank enters the liquid hydrogen vaporizer through the first hydrogen supply pipeline, is vaporized, and then enters the hydrogen-using equipment; When the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using device is less than the first hydrogen demand, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank enters the hydrogen-using device through the second hydrogen supply pipeline; When the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank is greater than a first preset pressure, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is discharged into the catalytic hydrogen elimination component for elimination.

9. The hydrogen supply method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply device also includes a hydrogen replenishment pipeline. When the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using equipment is greater than the first hydrogen demand and the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank is less than the second preset pressure, the hydrogen storage tank stops discharging hydrogen to the hydrogen elimination pipeline. After part of the hydrogen discharged from the liquid hydrogen vaporizer enters the catalytic hydrogen elimination component through the hydrogen replenishment pipeline, the exhaust gas of the catalytic hydrogen elimination enters the liquid hydrogen vaporizer as a heat source.

10. The hydrogen supply method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply device also includes an air pump. When the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen supply device is greater than a preset hydrogen concentration, the air pump pumps the gas in the hydrogen supply device into the hydrogen elimination pipeline, and the catalytic hydrogen eliminater is used to eliminate the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply device.

Images