Vehicle-mounted waste incineration device, waste incineration vehicle and related control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted waste incineration device, a waste incineration vehicle and a related control method. A controller controls the internal temperature of a pyrolysis gasification unit, the internal temperature of an incineration unit, the internal temperature of the combustion unit and the temperature of gas input into a cooling unit; the pyrolysis and gasification unit, the incineration unit, the combustion unit and the cooling unit in the waste incineration process are controlled, manual observation is not needed, the labor cost is reduced, the incineration control safety is guaranteed, the thermal power generation unit is adopted to absorb heat generated by gas combustion to generate electric energy, the generated electric energy can be used for electric driving and charging, and the environment is protected. And the stroke of the waste incineration truck is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a vehicle-mounted garbage incineration device, a garbage incineration vehicle and a related control method, belonging to the technical field of garbage incineration. Background Art

[0002] In view of the widespread distribution of villages, it is difficult to centrally treat garbage. Therefore, it is more flexible and convenient to use a garbage incinerator (specifically, a garbage incinerator installed on an electric tram) to incinerate garbage on site and then enter the next village for garbage treatment. At present, the incineration process requires real-time human observation, which increases labor costs, and it is easy to cause errors in incineration control due to operational or decision-making errors. In addition, the on-board incineration process consumes its own power, which affects the journey of the garbage incinerator. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a vehicle-mounted garbage incineration device, a garbage incineration vehicle and a related control method, which solve the problems disclosed in the background technology.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a vehicle-mounted garbage incineration device, comprising a pyrolysis gasification unit, an incineration unit, a combustion unit, a thermal power generation unit, a cooling unit and a controller;

[0005] A pyrolysis and gasification unit, used to pyrolyze and gasify the garbage;

[0006] An incineration unit is used to incinerate the waste after pyrolysis and gasification;

[0007] A combustion unit for burning the gases produced by pyrolysis, gasification and incineration;

[0008] A thermal power generation unit, which absorbs the heat from the combustion of the gas to generate electrical energy;

[0009] A cooling unit, used to cool the gas passing through the thermal power generation unit and discharge the cooled gas;

[0010] The controller is used to control the pyrolysis gasification unit, the incineration unit, the combustion unit and the cooling unit in the waste incineration process according to the internal temperature of the pyrolysis gasification unit, the internal temperature of the incineration unit, the internal temperature of the combustion unit and the temperature of the gas input to the cooling unit.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a temporary storage unit for temporarily storing garbage is further included. In response to the garbage in the pyrolysis gasification unit being sent to the incineration unit, the controller controls the temporary storage unit to send the temporarily stored garbage into the pyrolysis gasification unit.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the pyrolysis and gasification unit relies on the heat of the incineration unit to perform pyrolysis and gasification on the garbage.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the combustion unit includes a vortex dust removal combustion unit and a baffle combustion unit;

[0014] The vortex dust removal and combustion unit is used to perform dust removal and vortex combustion on the gases generated by pyrolysis, gasification and incineration in sequence; wherein the gas generated by the vortex combustion is introduced into the baffle combustion unit, and the dust collected by the dust removal is introduced into the pyrolysis, gasification unit;

[0015] The deflection combustion unit is used to further deflect the vortex combustion gas for combustion.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the dust output end of the vortex dust removal and combustion unit passes the dust into the pyrolysis and gasification unit through the induced draft unit.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a dust removal unit controlled by a controller is further included to remove dust entrained in the gas after cooling.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a waste incineration method is provided, characterized in that waste incineration is performed using a vehicle-mounted waste incineration device, and the method comprises:

[0019] Controlling the temperature inside the pyrolysis and gasification unit within a first preset range to pyrolyze and gasify the garbage;

[0020] In response to the completion of pyrolysis and gasification of the garbage, the garbage output end of the pyrolysis and gasification unit is controlled to be connected with the garbage input end of the incineration unit, and the pyrolysis and gasification-completed garbage is sent to the incineration unit;

[0021] Controlling the temperature inside the incineration unit to be within a second preset range to incinerate the garbage;

[0022] controlling the temperature inside the combustion unit to be within a third preset range, and burning the gas generated by pyrolysis, gasification and incineration;

[0023] According to the temperature of the gas passing through the thermal power generation unit, the cooling efficiency of the cooling unit is controlled to cool the gas.

[0024] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a garbage incineration vehicle, comprising an electric vehicle and a vehicle-mounted garbage incineration device loaded on the electric vehicle.

[0025] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a control method for a garbage incineration vehicle in a driving state is provided, characterized in that the electric energy generated by the thermal power generation unit and the electric energy output by the power battery supply the vehicle for driving, and the pyrolysis gasification unit, the incineration unit and the combustion unit constitute a heat generation component;

[0026] The method comprises:

[0027] In response to detecting that the allowable discharge power of the power battery is greater than the rated operating power of the heat generating component, controlling the heat generating component to start;

[0028] In response to detecting that the heat generating component is started, controlling the power generation of the thermal power generation unit to be less than or equal to a first value, and controlling the running power of the electric vehicle to be less than or equal to a second value; wherein the first value is the sum of the allowable charging power of the power battery, the power consumption of the heat generating component, and the running power of the electric vehicle, and the second value is the difference between the sum of the allowable discharge power of the power battery and the power generation of the thermal power generation unit and the power consumption of the heat generating component;

[0029] In response to detecting that the sum of the allowable discharge power of the power battery and the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit is less than or equal to the power consumption of the heat generation component and continues for a preset time, controlling the heat generation component to shut down;

[0030] In response to the heat generating component being shut down, the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit is controlled to be less than or equal to the sum of the allowable charging power of the power battery and the operating power of the electric vehicle, and the operating power of the electric vehicle is controlled to be less than or equal to the sum of the allowable discharge power of the power battery and the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit.

[0031] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a control method for a garbage incineration vehicle in a charging state is provided, wherein the electric energy generated by a thermal power generation unit and the electric energy output by an external charger are used to charge the electric vehicle, and the pyrolysis gasification unit, the incineration unit and the combustion unit constitute a heat generation component;

[0032] The method comprises:

[0033] In response to detecting that the allowable discharge power of the power battery and the actual output power of the charger are greater than the rated operating power of the heat generating component, controlling the heat generating component to start;

[0034] In response to detecting that the heat generating component is started, controlling the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit to be less than or equal to a third value, controlling the power battery to be in a charging state, controlling the allowable charging power of the charger to be equal to a fourth value, and controlling the actual output control of the charger with the allowable charging power of the charger as a target; wherein the third value is the difference between the sum of the allowable charging power of the power battery and the power consumption of the heat generating component and the actual output power of the charger, and the fourth value is the difference between the sum of the allowable charging power of the power battery and the power consumption of the heat generating component and the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit;

[0035] In response to detecting that the power consumption of the heat generating component is greater than or equal to a fifth value and lasts for a preset time, the heat generating component is controlled to be turned off; wherein the fifth value is the sum of the allowable discharge power of the power battery, the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit and the actual output power of the charger.

[0036] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: the controller of the present invention controls the pyrolysis gasification unit, the incineration unit, the combustion unit and the cooling unit in the waste incineration process according to the internal temperature of the pyrolysis gasification unit, the internal temperature of the incineration unit, the internal temperature of the combustion unit and the temperature of the gas input to the cooling unit, without the need for human observation, thus reducing labor costs and ensuring the safety of incineration control. In addition, the present invention adopts a thermal power generation unit to absorb the heat of gas combustion to generate electrical energy, and the generated electrical energy can be used for electric drive and charging, thereby increasing the range of the waste incineration truck. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is the schematic diagram of the vehicle-mounted waste incineration device;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a front view of a vehicle-mounted waste incineration device;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a side view of a vehicle-mounted waste incineration device;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of one side of the vehicle-mounted waste incineration device;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the other side of the vehicle-mounted waste incineration device;

[0042] Figure 6 A flow chart of the waste incineration method;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a garbage incinerator;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of one side of the vehicle cabinet;

[0045] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the other side of the vehicle cabinet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present disclosure and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0047] Unless otherwise specified, the relative arrangement of components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure.

[0048] At the same time, it should be understood that for the convenience of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship.

[0049] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0050] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0051] It should be noted that similar symbols and letters refer to similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further discussion in subsequent figures.

[0052] In order to solve the problems existing in existing garbage incineration vehicles, the present disclosure proposes a vehicle-mounted garbage incineration device, a garbage incineration vehicle and related control methods, specifically controlling each unit of the garbage incineration device according to temperature and using thermal energy from garbage incineration to generate electricity.

[0053] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the vehicle-mounted garbage incineration device 10 disclosed in the present invention, which includes a pyrolysis gasification unit 210, an incineration unit 220, a combustion unit, a thermal power generation unit 410, a cooling unit 510 and a controller.

[0054] In the embodiment, the pyrolysis and gasification unit 210 is used to pyrolyze and gasify the garbage 10, and the incineration unit 220 is used to incinerate the pyrolyzed and gasified garbage 10.

[0055] It should be noted that pyrolysis and gasification refers to the process in which the macromolecules of organic components in garbage 10 break down under anaerobic or anoxic conditions to produce small molecular gases, tar and residues. The pyrolysis and gasification technology of garbage 10 not only achieves the harmlessness, reduction and resource utilization of garbage 10, but also effectively overcomes the dioxin pollution caused by the incineration of garbage 10.

[0056] The pyrolysis gasification unit 210 can adopt a pyrolysis gasification furnace, the gas outlet of the pyrolysis gasification furnace is connected to the combustion unit, and the gas generated during the pyrolysis gasification process is passed into the combustion unit. The garbage 10 outlet of the pyrolysis gasification furnace can be connected to the garbage 10 inlet of the incineration unit 220 through an existing conveying device, and the garbage 10 that has completed pyrolysis and gasification is transported to the incineration unit 220.

[0057] The incineration unit 220 can adopt an incinerator, which mainly includes an incineration chamber and an ash discharge chamber separated by a grille. A flamethrower is installed in the incineration chamber. After the air 20 is introduced, the flamethrower ignites the garbage 10 for incineration. The gas outlet of the incinerator is connected to the combustion unit, and the gas generated by the incineration is introduced into the combustion unit. The waste residue 30 remaining after the incineration falls into the ash discharge chamber 230 through the grille. An ash discharge port is opened at the bottom of the ash discharge chamber 230, and an ash discharge door is installed at the ash discharge port to facilitate the staff to clean the waste residue 30 from the ash discharge port.

[0058] In order to facilitate the real-time collection of the temperature in the pyrolysis gasification and incineration unit 220, temperature sensors may be installed inside, specifically in the pyrolysis gasification chamber and the incineration chamber.

[0059] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the pyrolysis and gasification unit 210 and the incineration unit 220 may be designed so that the pyrolysis and gasification unit 210 can perform pyrolysis and gasification on the garbage 10 by relying on the heat of the incineration unit 220. The specific structure may be as follows:

[0060] See also Figure 1 , 4 5. The pyrolysis gasification unit 210 and the incineration unit 220 can use the same shell, and the inner cavity of the shell is equipped with an openable / reversible tray 60 and a grille from top to bottom. The upper part of the tray is the pyrolysis gasification chamber, the tray and the grille are the incineration chamber, the incineration chamber is equipped with a flame spraying device, and the lower part of the grille is the ash discharge chamber 230. The garbage 10 is placed on the tray, and the flame spraying device in the incineration chamber ignites to increase the temperature of the inner cavity of the shell, and the garbage 10 is pyrolyzed and gasified within an appropriate range. When the pyrolysis and gasification of the garbage 10 is completed, the tray is opened / reversed, and the garbage 10 directly enters the incineration chamber.

[0061] It should be noted that the temperature of the above pyrolysis gasification can be controlled within the range of 500-700°C, and oxygen-free or oxygen-deficient control can be added to prevent the generation of new dioxins. The above garbage 10 incineration conditions can be set as follows: the combustion temperature is controlled at 700-900°C, the gas residence time is not less than 2 seconds, sufficient gas-solid turbulence and excess air 20 are maintained, so that the oxygen concentration in the flue gas is 6-12%, so that the original dioxins in the waste are fully decomposed in the furnace, and at the same time, the generation of dioxin precursors such as chlorobenzene and chlorophenol is avoided.

[0062] It should be noted that in order to realize the automation of loading of garbage 10, in some embodiments, a temporary storage unit 120 for temporarily storing garbage 10 that is compatible with the lifting and loading device 110 of the existing garbage 10 truck will be set. When the garbage 10 in the pyrolysis gasification unit 210 has been sent to the incineration unit 220, the temporary storage unit 120 will send the temporarily stored garbage 10 into the pyrolysis gasification unit 210.

[0063] The lifting and loading device 110 of the existing garbage truck will lift the garbage barrel, then turn over the garbage barrel, and pour the garbage in the garbage barrel into the feed port of the garbage truck. The temporary storage unit 120 can be a reversible container, such as a hopper, etc. The container can be moved between the feed port and the garbage inlet of the pyrolysis gasification unit 210 under the action of the transmission shaft 50 or the screw. The garbage 10 entering through the feed port is temporarily stored in the container, and then the container is moved to the garbage inlet side of the pyrolysis gasification unit 210. When the garbage in the pyrolysis gasification unit 210 has been sent to the incineration unit 220, the container is turned over to pour the temporarily stored garbage into the pyrolysis gasification unit 210.

[0064] In the embodiment, the combustion unit is used to burn the gas generated by pyrolysis, gasification and incineration.

[0065] It should be noted that see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the combustion unit may include a vortex dust removal combustion unit 310 and a baffle combustion unit 320 .

[0066] The vortex dust removal and combustion unit 310 is used to perform dust removal and vortex combustion on the gases generated by pyrolysis, gasification and incineration in turn; wherein the gas generated by vortex combustion is passed into the baffle combustion unit 320, and the dust collected by dust removal is passed into the pyrolysis, gasification unit 210. The baffle combustion unit 320 is used to further baffle the gas generated by vortex combustion for combustion.

[0067] It should be noted that the vortex dust removal combustion unit 310 is a device that combines vortex dust removal and vortex combustion, mainly including a vortex dust removal combustion chamber. Air 20 will be introduced into the bottom of the vortex dust removal combustion chamber to form a vortex. Under the action of the vortex, the dust entrained in the gas generated by pyrolysis, gasification and incineration is removed (the principle and structure are consistent with the vortex dust collector). A gas outlet is opened at the top of the vortex dust removal combustion chamber and is connected to the deflection combustion unit 320. A flamethrower will be installed at the top of the vortex dust removal combustion chamber (specifically near the gas outlet) to ignite the vortex gas.

[0068] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the dust output end of the vortex dust removal and combustion unit 310 will pass the dust into the pyrolysis gasification unit 210 through the induced draft unit 330. The induced draft unit 330 can be an induced draft fan.

[0069] The induced draft fan can quickly pass the dust into the pyrolysis gasification unit 210 to perform secondary combustion on the dust to ensure that the garbage is fully burned.

[0070] It should be noted that the deflection combustion unit 320 mainly includes a deflection combustion chamber, which is a curved combustion chamber that causes the fuel and air to be deflected more than 20 times, prolonging the mixing time and ensuring more complete mixing, thereby improving combustion efficiency and reducing pollutant emissions.

[0071] In order to facilitate the real-time collection of the temperature in the vortex dust removal combustion unit 310 and the baffle combustion unit 320, temperature sensors may be installed inside, specifically in the upper part of the vortex dust removal combustion chamber and in the baffle combustion chamber.

[0072] In the embodiment, the thermal power generation unit 410 is used to absorb the heat of gas combustion to generate electrical energy.

[0073] It should be noted that the thermal power generation unit 410 can adopt the existing piston Stirling engine, whose hot chamber reaches 180°C and can perform work, including a shell, a high-temperature heat exchanger, a regenerator, a room-temperature heat exchanger, a phase modulator, a linear motor, a power piston and a gas spring structure; wherein the shell is made of steel, or other temperature-resistant and pressure-resistant materials such as beryllium; the high-temperature heat exchanger, the regenerator and the room-temperature heat exchanger are placed on the top of the inner wall of the shell; the phase modulator is arranged on the inner side of the high-temperature heat exchanger, the regenerator and the room-temperature heat exchanger; the linear motor is arranged at the bottom end of the shell; the power piston is connected to the linear motor mover; an expansion chamber is formed between the phase modulator and the upper wall of the shell; a compression chamber is formed between the phase modulator and the power piston; a back chamber is formed between the power piston and the lower wall of the shell; the gas spring structure is arranged in the back chamber, and a gas spring chamber with a variable volume is arranged inside the gas spring structure. Therefore, by setting a variable volume gas spring chamber in the back cavity, the spring stiffness of the phase modulator is provided by the gas spring chamber, and the gas distribution phase modulation function of the phase modulator is separated from the spring driving function. When the linear motor is running, the phase modulator recovers the acoustic work in the expansion chamber and transmits it to the compression chamber, driving the power piston to drive the mover part of the linear motor to move, thereby outputting electrical energy to the outside.

[0074] In the embodiment, the cooling unit 510 is used to cool down the gas passing through the thermal power generation unit 410 and discharge the cooled gas.

[0075] It should be noted that the cooling unit 510 may adopt a common water cooling device to quickly cool the post-combustion gas to a required temperature, and the generation of dioxins may be prevented through temperature control.

[0076] In order to facilitate the real-time collection of the input gas temperature, a temperature sensor can be installed at the input end to control the energy efficiency of the water cooling device through the gas temperature. For example, when the gas temperature is greater than 18°C ​​for 3 consecutive seconds, the water cooling fan of the water cooling device is turned on to improve the cooling effect of the cooling system. If the gas temperature is less than 130°C for 3 consecutive seconds, the water cooling fan of the water cooling device is turned off.

[0077] It should be noted that although the gas has been fully burned, there will inevitably be a certain amount of dust. Therefore, in some embodiments, a dust removal unit 520 is further provided downstream of the cooling unit 510 to remove the dust entrained in the gas after cooling. Specifically, a bag dust removal device can be used. A fan 530 is installed at the air outlet of the bag dust removal device to discharge the dust-removed gas to form exhaust gas 40.

[0078] In an embodiment, the controller is used to control the pyrolysis gasification unit 210, the incineration unit 220, the combustion unit and the cooling unit 510 during the incineration process of the garbage 10 according to the internal temperature of the pyrolysis gasification unit 210, the internal temperature of the incineration unit 220, the internal temperature of the combustion unit and the temperature of the gas input to the cooling unit 510.

[0079] The opening and closing of the flamethrower, the opening and closing of the vortex combustion chamber flamethrower, the opening and closing of the cooling system water pump, the opening and closing of the cooling system water cooling fan, and the switching frequency of the dust removal system pulse valve, etc.

[0080] It should be noted that the controller is the core control device of the entire garbage incineration device. When the computing power is sufficient, the vehicle-mounted controller can be directly used; if the computing power of the vehicle-mounted controller is insufficient, an additional controller can be set up.

[0081] The number of controllers can also be determined according to actual conditions. One controller or multiple controllers can be used, and different controllers can control different units; for example, a master controller and a slave controller, wherein the master controller controls the lifting and loading device 110 (i.e. loading). Of course, the lifting and loading device 110 can also be directly controlled by a vehicle-mounted controller to control the combustion unit, control the cooling unit 510, and control alarms (such as low temperature, high temperature, etc. alarms); the slave controller controls the temporary storage unit 120 (i.e. feeding), controls the pyrolysis gasification unit 210 and the incineration unit 220, controls the dust removal unit 520, and controls the fan 530 (i.e. air outlet).

[0082] The controller can specifically control the opening and closing of the flame spraying device, the opening and closing of the water pump of the cooling unit 510, the opening and closing of the water cooling fan of the cooling unit 510, the switching frequency of the pulse valve of the dust removal unit 520, and other actions of each unit.

[0083] The controller of the above-mentioned garbage 10 incineration device controls the pyrolysis gasification unit 210, the incineration unit 220, the combustion unit and the cooling unit 510 during the incineration of the garbage 10 according to the internal temperature of the pyrolysis gasification unit 210, the internal temperature of the incineration unit 220, the internal temperature of the combustion unit and the temperature of the gas input to the cooling unit 510. No human observation is required, which reduces labor costs and ensures the safety of incineration control. In addition, the above-mentioned garbage 10 incineration device uses a thermal power generation unit 410 to absorb the heat of gas combustion to generate electrical energy. The generated electrical energy can be used for electric drive and charging, thereby increasing the range of the garbage 10 incineration vehicle.

[0084] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of an embodiment of the method for incinerating garbage 10 disclosed in the present invention, specifically a method for incinerating garbage 10 using the above device, the method is implemented in a controller, if there are multiple controllers, the control of different units can be implemented in the corresponding controller, specifically including the following steps:

[0085] S1. Control the temperature inside the pyrolysis and gasification unit 210 within a first preset range to perform pyrolysis and gasification on the garbage 10.

[0086] It should be noted that after the garbage 10 is put into the pyrolysis gasification unit 210, a start signal can be sent, such as pressing a start button. When the start signal is detected, the garbage 10 is automatically incinerated and the induced draft fan is turned on. The flamethrower in the incineration unit 220 is turned on to increase the temperature. At the same time, the temperature value T1 is obtained in real time through the temperature sensor in the pyrolysis gasification unit 210. If T1 < 500 ° C for 3 consecutive seconds, the low temperature alarm of the pyrolysis gasification unit 210 is triggered. If T1 > 700 ° C for 3 consecutive seconds, the high temperature alarm of the pyrolysis gasification unit 210 is triggered. Therefore, it is necessary to control the temperature inside the pyrolysis gasification unit 210 to be within 500 ° C to 700 ° C for pyrolysis gasification, specifically to control the opening and closing control temperature of the flamethrower in the incineration unit 220.

[0087] S2. In response to the completion of pyrolysis and gasification of the garbage 10, the garbage 10 output end of the pyrolysis and gasification unit 210 is controlled to be connected with the garbage 10 input end of the incineration unit 220, and the garbage 10 that has completed pyrolysis and gasification is sent to the incineration unit 220.

[0088] It should be noted that the temperature of the pyrolysis and gasification unit 210 is detected in real time, and whether the garbage 10 has completed pyrolysis and gasification is determined through the correspondence between the temperature and the opening time. If so, the tray between the pyrolysis and gasification unit 210 and the incineration unit 220 is opened to allow the garbage 10 to enter the incineration unit 220.

[0089] S3. Control the temperature inside the incineration unit 220 within a second preset range to incinerate the garbage 10.

[0090] It should be noted that the temperature value T2 is obtained in real time by the temperature sensor of the incineration unit 220. If T2 is less than 700°C for 3 consecutive seconds or a low temperature alarm of the pyrolysis gasification unit 210 occurs, the flamethrower in the incineration unit 220 is turned on to increase the temperature. If T2 is greater than 900°C for 3 consecutive seconds or a high temperature alarm of the pyrolysis gasification unit 210 occurs, the flamethrower is turned off to stop increasing the temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to control the temperature inside the incineration unit 220 to be incinerated within 700°C to 900°C.

[0091] S4. Control the temperature inside the combustion unit within a third preset range, and burn the gas generated by pyrolysis, gasification and incineration.

[0092] It should be noted that the temperature value T3 is obtained in real time by the temperature sensor in the detent combustion unit 320. If T3<1000°C for 3 consecutive seconds, the low temperature alarm of the detent combustion unit 320 is triggered. If T3>1200°C for 3 consecutive seconds, the high temperature alarm of the detent combustion unit 320 is triggered. Therefore, it is necessary to control the temperature inside the detent combustion unit 320 at 1000°C~1200°C.

[0093] The temperature value T4 is obtained in real time through the temperature sensor in the vortex dust removal combustion unit 310. If T4 is less than 850°C for 3 consecutive seconds or a low temperature alarm of the detent combustion unit 320 occurs, the flamethrower in the vortex dust removal combustion unit 310 is turned on to increase the temperature of the combustion unit. If T4 is greater than 1000°C for 3 consecutive seconds or a high temperature alarm of the detent combustion unit 320 occurs, the flamethrower is turned off. Therefore, it is necessary to control the temperature inside the vortex dust removal combustion unit 310 to 850°C~1000°C.

[0094] S5. According to the temperature of the gas passing through the thermal power generation unit 410, the cooling efficiency of the cooling unit 510 is controlled to cool the gas.

[0095] It should be noted that after the start signal is detected, the water pump of the cooling unit 510 will be started immediately, and the temperature value T5 will be obtained in real time through the air inlet temperature sensor. If T5>180℃ for 3 consecutive seconds, the water cooling fan will be turned on to improve the cooling effect. If T5<130℃ for 3 consecutive seconds, the water cooling fan will be turned off, thereby controlling the cooling efficiency according to different temperatures.

[0096] It should be noted that after the start signal is detected, the pulse valve of the dust removal unit 520 is started every 20 minutes to perform interval dust removal control.

[0097] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the garbage 10 incineration vehicle disclosed in the present invention, which mainly includes a tram 70 and the above-mentioned garbage 10 incineration device loaded on the tram 70, and the garbage 10 incineration device is mainly loaded in the car cabinet 80 of the tram 70.

[0098] In the garbage incineration vehicle 10, the battery management module, the power control module, the incineration control module (i.e., the controller in the above-mentioned garbage incineration device 10) and the power generation control module (i.e., the control unit of the thermal power generation unit 410, which can be the controller of the thermal power generation unit 410) realize data communication through the electric vehicle 70CAN bus.

[0099] When charging the power battery, the charging management module communicates data with the battery management module through the charging CAN bus; the power battery, the power assembly of the electric vehicle 70, the heat generating component (the pyrolysis gasification unit 210, the incineration unit 220 and the combustion unit constitute the heat generating component) and the thermal power generation unit 410 exchange energy through electrical connection. When charging the power battery externally, the external DC charger is added to the energy exchange circuit through electrical connection.

[0100] The power battery provides operating power for the powertrain and heat generating components of the electric vehicle 70. The battery management module determines the current allowable charging power and discharging power of the power battery by monitoring the power battery data, and sends the battery status information to other modules through the electric vehicle 70 CAN bus.

[0101] The powertrain of the electric vehicle 70 obtains power from the power battery to drive the electric vehicle 70 to run, and the power control module controls the operating power of the powertrain of the electric vehicle 70 according to the data information received on the CAN bus of the electric vehicle 70.

[0102] The heat generating component obtains power from the power battery to perform garbage 10 incineration processing, the incineration control module automatically controls the incineration of the garbage 10, and sends the status data of the garbage 10 incineration device to the CAN bus of the electric vehicle 70.

[0103] The thermal power generation unit 410 performs thermoelectric conversion on the heat generated by the heat generating component and feeds the electricity back to the power battery. The power generation control module performs real-time control of the thermoelectric conversion and sends the status data of the thermal power generation unit 410 to the CAN bus of the electric vehicle 70.

[0104] The DC charger is used to charge the power battery, and the charging management module provides charging control according to the charging requirements of the battery management module on the charging CAN bus.

[0105] The charging management module can provide DC power to the high-voltage power battery to charge the high-voltage battery. After the high-voltage battery is fully charged, the power battery can provide DC power to the powertrain of the electric vehicle 70 to convert the DC power provided by the high-voltage battery into mechanical energy to drive the electric vehicle 70. The battery management module can charge the low-voltage battery, for example, to meet the cooling needs of air conditioning.

[0106] The charging management module is used to use the thermal power generation unit 410 as a charging power source and charge the power battery using the charging circuit, and then supply power to the power assembly of the electric vehicle 70 through the inverter. Therefore, the charging management module has a charging mode and a discharging mode. Thus, the inverter and the charging circuit are connected to the power battery through the discharging switch and the charging switch respectively.

[0107] In the charging mode, the battery management module switches the charging switch to on and switches the discharging switch to off, allowing the charging circuit to charge the power battery. In addition, when charging is completed and the battery is fully charged, or when the battery has been charged to a capacity greater than a predetermined value, the battery management module switches the charging switch off and switches the discharging switch on, thereby switching the battery to the discharging mode, allowing the power battery to discharge into the powertrain of the electric vehicle 70. In addition, as required, the charging switch can be turned on and the discharging switch can be turned on, while simultaneously supplying power to the powertrain of the electric vehicle 70 and charging the power battery.

[0108] It should be noted that in order to facilitate maintenance, some inspection ports, observation ports, ash outlets, ventilation ports, charging ports, installation ports, inspection tool storage bins, hydraulic oil pipe bins, etc. will be opened on the side of the cabinet 80; among them, the inspection port will be equipped with an openable and closable inspection door, the observation port will be equipped with an openable and closable observation door, the bin opening of the inspection tool storage bin will also be equipped with an openable and closable bin door, the bin opening of the hydraulic oil pipe (such as the lifting and loading device 110, the hydraulic oil pipe of the hydraulic device in the container flipping) bin will also be equipped with an openable and closable bin door, the charging port will be equipped with an openable and closable charging door, and the ash outlet will be equipped with an openable and closable ash outlet door.

[0109] See also Figure 8 , J1 and J2 are observation doors of the observation port of the pyrolysis gasification unit 210. The status of the pyrolysis gasification unit 210 can be checked by opening the observation door, which is usually observed once a day; J3 is the observation door of the observation port of the incineration unit 220. The status of the incineration unit 220 can be checked by opening the observation door, which is usually observed several times a day; J3 is the charging door of the charging port of the incineration unit 220. The charging door can be opened to charge the flamethrower (i.e. gasoline, etc.), which is usually charged once or twice a day; J5 is the door of the maintenance tool storage bin; J6 is the door of the incineration unit 220. The inspection door of the inspection port of the heat recovery fan 220, etc., can be opened to inspect the heat recovery fan, etc., which is generally inspected four times a week; J7 is the ventilation port of the cabinet 80; J8 is the ash outlet door of the ash outlet, and the dust collected by the dust removal unit 520 will be cleared out through the ash outlet; J9 is the installation port of the oxygen sensor, which is a threaded port. The oxygen sensor is connected to the threaded port in a threaded connection manner and extends into the cabinet 80 to collect oxygen in the cabinet 80, so as to try to know the oxygen content in the cabinet 80.

[0110] See also Fig. 9, J10 is the inspection door of the inspection port of the dust removal unit 520. The dust removal unit 520 can be inspected by opening the inspection door; J11 is the ash outlet door of the ash outlet. The dust collected by the dust removal unit 520 will be cleared out through the ash outlet; J12 is the ash outlet door of the ash outlet. The waste residue of the incineration unit 220 will be cleared out through the ash outlet; J13 is the inspection door of the inspection port of the heat recovery fan of the incineration unit 220; J14 is the door of the hydraulic oil pipe compartment; J15 is the installation port of the oxygen sensor.

[0111] Based on the above-mentioned garbage incineration vehicle 10, the present disclosure also discloses a control method in a driving state. It should be emphasized that the electric energy generated by the thermal power generation unit 410 and the electric energy output by the power battery are used to power the vehicle 70 for driving.

[0112] In the driving state: the incineration control module pre-sets the rated operating power of the heat generating component to P_Burn0, and the minimum required power of the heat generating component to E_Burn0; the battery management module calculates the remaining power of the power battery E_Battery, the allowable discharge power of the power battery P_DischaAllow (positive number), the allowable charging power of the power battery P_ChaAllow (positive number), and the power battery power P_Battery (discharging is positive and charging is negative) in real time, and sends these powers to the tram 70CAN bus; the power control module sends the operating power of the tram 70 P_Vehicle (positive number) to the tram 70CAN bus in real time; the incineration control module sends the power consumption power P_Burnning (positive number) of the heat generating component to the tram 70CAN bus in real time; the power generation control module sends the power generation power P_Generate (positive number) of the thermal power generation unit 410 to the tram 70CAN bus in real time.

[0113] Taking the power battery as the power observation point in the energy loop, it can be concluded that: P_Battery = P_Vehicle + P_Burnning - P_Generate.

[0114] Based on this, the control method under driving state may include:

[0115] 1) In response to detecting that the allowable discharge power P_DischaAllow of the power battery is greater than the rated operating power P_Burn0 of the heat generating component, the heat generating component is controlled to start.

[0116] It should be noted that when the heat generating component is not started, the incineration start state sent by the incineration control module is closed, and the power control module controls the electric vehicle 70 to operate at a power lower than P_Vehicle less than or equal to the allowable discharge power P_DischaAllow of the power battery.

[0117] After starting, if the incineration control module detects that the allowable discharge power P_DischaAllow of the power battery is less than or equal to the rated operating power P_Burn0 of the heat generating component, the heat generating component is prohibited from starting and the insufficient power alarm is triggered.

[0118] 2) In response to detecting that the heat generating component is started, the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit 410 is controlled to be less than or equal to a first value, and the operating power of the electric vehicle 70 is controlled to be less than or equal to a second value; wherein the first value is the sum of the allowable charging power of the power battery, the power consumption of the heat generating component and the operating power of the electric vehicle 70, and the second value is the difference between the sum of the allowable discharge power of the power battery, the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit 410 and the power consumption of the heat generating component.

[0119] It should be noted that when the power generation control module detects that the incineration is turned on through the CAN bus, the thermal power generation unit 410 is started to feed back energy to the power battery. It is required to control the power generation power P_Generate of the thermal power generation unit 410 to be less than or equal to the allowable charging power P_ChaAllow of the power battery + the power consumption P_Burnning of the heat generating component + the operating power P_Vehicle of the tram 70, and send the power generation power P_Generate to the CAN bus of the tram 70 in real time.

[0120] The power control module controls the operating power P_Vehicle of the electric vehicle 70 to be less than or equal to the allowable discharge power P_DischaAllow of the power battery+the power generation power P_Generate-the power consumption P_Burnning of the heat generating component.

[0121] 3) In response to detecting that the sum of the allowable discharge power of the power battery and the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit 410 is less than or equal to the power consumption of the heat generation component and continues for a preset time, the heat generation component is controlled to be turned off.

[0122] It should be noted that if the allowable discharge power P_DischaAllow of the power battery + the power generation power P_Generate is less than or equal to the power consumption P_Burnning of the heat generating component during the operation of the heat generating component, the heat generating component will trigger an insufficient power alarm. If the alarm continues for 1 minute, the heat generating component will be shut down.

[0123] After the heat generating component is turned off, the burning control module controls the stopping of each unit of the heat generating component, and the power consumption P_Burnning of the heat generating component drops to 0.

[0124] 4) In response to the heat generating component being shut down, the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit 410 is controlled to be less than or equal to the sum of the allowable charging power of the power battery and the operating power of the electric vehicle 70, and the operating power of the electric vehicle 70 is controlled to be less than or equal to the sum of the allowable discharging power of the power battery and the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit 410.

[0125] It should be noted that after the heat generating component is turned off, the power generation control module continues to use the waste heat to generate electricity, and at the same time controls the power generation power P_Generate to be less than or equal to the allowable charging power P_ChaAllow of the power battery + the operating power P_Vehicle of the electric vehicle 70; the power control module controls the operating power P_Vehicle of the electric vehicle 70 to be less than or equal to the allowable discharge power P_DischaAllow of the power battery (the current allowable discharge power of the power battery module) + the power generation power P_Generate.

[0126] After the powertrain of the electric vehicle 70 stops running, if the power generation control module is still generating electricity, and the generated power P_Generate is less than or equal to the allowable charging power P_ChaAllow of the power battery, the battery management module will stop working until the power generation control module finishes generating electricity.

[0127] Based on the above-mentioned garbage incineration vehicle 10, the present disclosure also discloses a control method in a charging state. It should be emphasized that the electric energy generated by the thermal power generation unit 410 and the electric energy output by the external charger are used to charge the electric vehicle 70, and the electric vehicle 70 is prohibited from being stationary.

[0128] In the charging state: the incineration control module pre-sets the rated operating power of the heat generating component to P_Burn0; the battery management module calculates in real time the allowable discharge power P_DischaAllow (positive number) of the power battery, the allowable charging power P_ChaAllow (positive number) of the power battery, the actual output power P_Charger (positive number) of the charger, and the power battery power P_Battery (discharging is positive and charging is negative), and sends these powers to the tram 70CAN bus; the incineration control module sends the power consumption P_Burnning (positive number) of the heat generating component to the tram 70CAN bus in real time; the power generation control module sends the power generation power P_Generate (positive number) of the thermal power generation unit 410 to the tram 70CAN bus in real time; the battery management module sends the allowable charging power P_ChargerAllow (positive number) of the charger to the charging CAN bus; the charging control module sends the actual output power P_Charger (positive number) of the charger to the charging CAN bus.

[0129] Taking the power battery as the power observation point in the energy loop, it can be concluded that: P_Battery = P_Burnning - P_Generate - P_Charger.

[0130] Based on this, the control method in the charging state may include:

[0131] A1) In response to detecting that the allowable discharge power of the power battery and the actual output power of the charger are greater than the rated operating power of the heat generating component, controlling the heat generating component to start.

[0132] It should be noted that when the heat generating component is not started, the incineration start state sent by the incineration control module is closed, and the battery management module sends the charger allowed charging power P_ChargerAllow to the charging management module through the charging CAN bus (P_ChargerAllow = P_ChaAllow when the heat generating component is not started).

[0133] The charging management module takes the allowed charging power P_ChargerAllow of the charger as the output target, controls the output power according to its own operating status, and sends the actual output power P_Charger of the charger to the charging CAN bus.

[0134] After starting, if the incineration control module detects that the allowable discharge power P_DischaAllow of the power battery + the actual output power P_Charger of the charger is less than or equal to the rated operating power P_Burn0 of the heat generating component, the start-up is prohibited and the insufficient power alarm is triggered; otherwise, the control starts normally and sends the incineration start status to on.

[0135] A2) In response to detecting that the heat generating component is started, controlling the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit 410 to be less than or equal to a third value, controlling the power battery to be in a charging state, controlling the allowable charging power of the charger to be equal to a fourth value, and controlling the actual output control of the charger with the allowable charging power of the charger as the target; wherein the third value is the difference between the sum of the allowable charging power of the power battery and the power consumption of the heat generating component and the actual output power of the charger, and the fourth value is the difference between the sum of the allowable charging power of the power battery and the power consumption of the heat generating component and the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit 410.

[0136] The power generation control module detects that the burning is turned on through the CAN bus, and then starts the thermal power generation unit 410 to feed back energy to the power battery. It is required to control the power generation power P_Generate to be less than or equal to the allowable charging power P_ChaAllow of the power battery + the power consumption P_Burnning of the heat generating component - the actual output power P_Charger of the charger, and send the power generation power P_Generate to the vehicle CAN bus in real time.

[0137] When the battery management module detects that the burning is turned on through the CAN bus, it needs to try to increase the actual output power of the charger to make the power battery in a charging state, that is, the power battery power P_Battery is less than 0. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to make the charger's allowable charging power P_ChargerAllow = the allowable charging power P_ChaAllow of the power battery + the power consumption of the heat generating component P_Burnning - the power generation power P_Generate of the thermal power generation unit 410.

[0138] The charging management module takes the allowed charging power P_ChargerAllow of the charger as the output target, and controls the actual output control P_Charger of the charger according to its own operating status.

[0139] A3) In response to detecting that the power consumption of the heat generating component is greater than or equal to a fifth value and lasts for a preset time, the heat generating component is controlled to be turned off; wherein the fifth value is the sum of the allowable discharge power of the power battery, the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit 410 and the actual output power of the charger.

[0140] It should be noted that if it is detected that the allowable discharge power P_DischaAllow of the power battery + the generated power P_Generate + the actual output power P_Charger of the charger is less than or equal to the power consumption P_Burnning of the heat generating component, the heat generating component will trigger an insufficient power alarm. If the alarm continues for 1 minute, the heat generating component will be shut down.

[0141] After the heat generating component is turned off, the incineration control module controls the stopping of each unit of the heat generating component, the power consumption P_Burnning of the heat generating component drops to 0, and the power generation control module continues to use the waste heat to generate electricity.

[0142] The present invention provides the required electricity for the incineration of garbage 10 through a large-capacity vehicle-mounted battery pack (i.e., a power battery), realizes automatic control of the incineration of garbage 10 through temperature, improves the safety, reliability and ease of operation of the incineration of garbage 10, significantly reduces the amount of garbage 10, and completely renders it harmless, does not require the addition of auxiliary fuel, realizes resource utilization, meets emission standards, has no secondary pollution, and reduces the formation of dioxins in the garbage 10.

[0143] The heat generated during the incineration process of the present invention is converted into electrical energy and fed back to the power battery to achieve resource recycling. During the driving and charging process of the electric vehicle, the energy management module can be used to achieve incineration while driving and charging, which is environmentally friendly and energy-saving. The use of electric drive reduces the consumption of fossil fuels, reduces tail gas emissions, and helps improve air quality.

[0144] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted garbage incineration device, characterized in that: It includes a pyrolysis gasification unit, an incineration unit, a combustion unit, a thermal power generation unit, a cooling unit and a controller; A pyrolysis and gasification unit, used to pyrolyze and gasify the garbage; An incineration unit is used to incinerate the waste after pyrolysis and gasification; A combustion unit for burning the gases produced by pyrolysis, gasification and incineration; A thermal power generation unit, which absorbs the heat from the combustion of the gas to generate electrical energy; A cooling unit, used to cool the gas passing through the thermal power generation unit and discharge the cooled gas; The controller is used to control the pyrolysis gasification unit, the incineration unit, the combustion unit and the cooling unit in the waste incineration process according to the internal temperature of the pyrolysis gasification unit, the internal temperature of the incineration unit, the internal temperature of the combustion unit and the temperature of the gas input to the cooling unit.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a temporary storage unit for temporarily storing garbage. In response to the garbage in the pyrolysis and gasification unit being sent to the incineration unit, the controller controls the temporary storage unit to send the temporarily stored garbage into the pyrolysis and gasification unit.

3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pyrolysis and gasification unit relies on the heat from the incineration unit to pyrolyze and gasify the garbage.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The combustion unit includes a vortex dust removal combustion unit and a baffle combustion unit; The vortex dust removal and combustion unit is used to perform dust removal and vortex combustion on the gases generated by pyrolysis, gasification and incineration in sequence; wherein the gas generated by the vortex combustion is introduced into the baffle combustion unit, and the dust collected by the dust removal is introduced into the pyrolysis, gasification unit; The deflection combustion unit is used to further deflect the vortex combustion gas for combustion.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The dust output end of the vortex dust removal and combustion unit passes the dust into the pyrolysis and gasification unit through the induced draft unit.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a dust removal unit controlled by a controller, which is used to remove dust entrained in the gas after cooling.

7. A method for incinerating garbage, characterized in that: The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used to incinerate garbage, the method comprising: Controlling the temperature inside the pyrolysis and gasification unit within a first preset range to pyrolyze and gasify the garbage; In response to the completion of pyrolysis and gasification of the garbage, the garbage output end of the pyrolysis and gasification unit is controlled to be connected with the garbage input end of the incineration unit, and the pyrolysis and gasification-completed garbage is sent to the incineration unit; Controlling the temperature inside the incineration unit to be within a second preset range to incinerate the garbage; controlling the temperature inside the combustion unit to be within a third preset range, and burning the gas generated by pyrolysis, gasification and incineration; According to the temperature of the gas passing through the thermal power generation unit, the cooling efficiency of the cooling unit is controlled to cool the gas.

8. A garbage incineration vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises an electric vehicle and the device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 loaded on the electric vehicle.

9. A control method for a garbage incineration vehicle in a driving state, characterized in that: The garbage incineration vehicle is the garbage incineration vehicle according to claim 8, the electric energy generated by the thermal power generation unit and the electric energy output by the power battery are used to power the vehicle to travel, and the pyrolysis gasification unit, the incineration unit and the combustion unit constitute a heat generation component; The method comprises: In response to detecting that the allowable discharge power of the power battery is greater than the rated operating power of the heat generating component, controlling the heat generating component to start; In response to detecting that the heat generating component is started, controlling the power generation of the thermal power generation unit to be less than or equal to a first value, and controlling the running power of the electric vehicle to be less than or equal to a second value; wherein the first value is the sum of the allowable charging power of the power battery, the power consumption of the heat generating component, and the running power of the electric vehicle, and the second value is the difference between the sum of the allowable discharge power of the power battery and the power generation of the thermal power generation unit and the power consumption of the heat generating component; In response to detecting that the sum of the allowable discharge power of the power battery and the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit is less than or equal to the power consumption of the heat generation component and continues for a preset time, controlling the heat generation component to shut down; In response to the heat generating component being shut down, the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit is controlled to be less than or equal to the sum of the allowable charging power of the power battery and the operating power of the electric vehicle, and the operating power of the electric vehicle is controlled to be less than or equal to the sum of the allowable discharge power of the power battery and the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit.

10. A control method for a garbage incineration vehicle in a charging state, characterized in that: The garbage incineration vehicle is the garbage incineration vehicle according to claim 8, the electric energy generated by the thermal power generation unit and the electric energy output by the external charger are used to charge the electric vehicle, and the pyrolysis gasification unit, the incineration unit and the combustion unit constitute a heat generation component; The method comprises: In response to detecting that the allowable discharge power of the power battery and the actual output power of the charger are greater than the rated operating power of the heat generating component, controlling the heat generating component to start; In response to detecting that the heat generating component is started, controlling the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit to be less than or equal to a third value, controlling the power battery to be in a charging state, controlling the allowable charging power of the charger to be equal to a fourth value, and controlling the actual output control of the charger with the allowable charging power of the charger as a target; wherein the third value is the difference between the sum of the allowable charging power of the power battery and the power consumption of the heat generating component and the actual output power of the charger, and the fourth value is the difference between the sum of the allowable charging power of the power battery and the power consumption of the heat generating component and the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit; In response to detecting that the power consumption of the heat generating component is greater than or equal to a fifth value and lasts for a preset time, the heat generating component is controlled to be turned off; wherein the fifth value is the sum of the allowable discharge power of the power battery, the power generation power of the thermal power generation unit and the actual output power of the charger.

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