Multi-turn absolute value encoder

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of encoders, in particular to a multi-ring absolute value encoder which is used in cooperation with a pull rope assembly and comprises an outer shell, a flange, a detection device, an inner shell, a fixed cylinder, an output assembly and a circulation assembly, and the inner shell and the fixed cylinder are both connected to the upper portion of the flange. By arranging the spiral shell, when the spiral shell rotates, gas at the top of the inner shell can be sucked into the inner wall of the fixed cylinder and conveyed into the circulating assembly to make contact with a heat conduction plate to be cooled, the gas continuously exchanges heat with the outside while circulating, and therefore the temperature difference between the interior of the encoder and the outside is reduced; meanwhile, when the gas flows on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, a gas film is formed between the fixed cylinder and the spiral shell to prevent water vapor from directly entering the encoder, so that the sealing effect is improved, and the water vapor entering the fixed cylinder is pushed to enter the circulating assembly together; therefore, the water vapor is prevented from directly entering the encoder to absorb heat and then cooling to form condensed water to damage internal parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of encoders, in particular to a multi-turn absolute value encoder. Background Art

[0002] A multi-turn absolute encoder is a sensor that can output digital codes to indicate the mechanical rotation angle. The main principle is to use the cooperation of photoelectric sensors and encoder disks. When working, the rotating shaft rotates with the transmission device and drives the internal encoder disk to rotate. There are many equally spaced transparent and opaque areas engraved on the encoder disk, and a multi-layer encoding ring is added to the encoder disk. When the encoder rotates, the photoelectric sensor will detect these transparent and opaque areas and generate corresponding electrical signals. These electrical signals are converted into digital signals for output through the processing circuit inside the encoder. After processing, the digital signal can calculate the rotation angle and position of the encoder. Because it can be measured in multiple turns, its accuracy and stability are higher than those of single-turn encoders, and it is often used on robots or robotic arms.

[0003] The underwater pull-rope displacement encoder is a multi-turn absolute encoder that can work directly underwater. It can work underwater for a long time, can withstand high underwater pressure, and can measure displacement, deformation, deflection, etc. in water or certain liquids with a certain pressure. There is a gap between the connection of the encoder and the rotation of the bearing. When working in water, it is inevitable that water vapor will enter the encoder from these parts. When the encoder is working, the internal electronic components have a certain temperature. In winter, the water temperature is generally around 0 degrees, which has a certain temperature difference with the temperature inside the encoder. When the water vapor enters the interior at the beginning, the water vapor is lower than the internal temperature of the encoder and will not condense into water. When working for a long time, water vapor continues to enter, and the initial water vapor exchanges heat with the water vapor that has just entered to form condensed water, causing the internal components to be damaged by moisture.

[0004] Therefore, a multi-turn absolute encoder is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-turn absolute value encoder. In order to solve the problem of condensed water generated by water vapor entering the interior of the encoder when the encoder is working underwater, the output shaft drives the detection device to rotate while the gas on the top can be extracted to the outer wall of the inner shell, driving the internal gas to circulate and exchange heat with the outside to balance the temperature difference between the inside and the outside, thereby solving the problem of water vapor forming on the inner wall and damaging the internal electronic components due to the temperature difference between the inside and the outside during underwater operation. At the same time, the gas forms an air film on the inside of the encoder during circulation, reducing the entry of water vapor into the encoder, thereby solving the problem of condensed water generated by water vapor entering the interior of the encoder when the encoder is working underwater.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A multi-turn absolute encoder is used in conjunction with a pull rope assembly, comprising an outer shell, a flange, a detection device, an inner shell, a fixed cylinder, an output assembly and a circulation assembly. The inner shell and the fixed cylinder are both connected above the flange, the fixed cylinder passes through the middle of the flange, and the output assembly is connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder. The output assembly comprises a spiral shell and an output shaft, and the output shaft is connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder. The diameter of the upper half of the output shaft is smaller than the diameter of the lower half. The spiral shell is connected to the upper half of the output shaft, and the diameter of the spiral shell is equal to the diameter of the lower half of the output shaft. The circulation assembly is connected to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder. The output shaft rotates to drive the detection device for detection, and at the same time drives the spiral shell to rotate. When the spiral shell rotates, the gas at the top of the inner shell is drawn into the inner wall of the fixed cylinder and transmitted to the inside of the circulation assembly. After flowing inside the circulation assembly, the gas flows into the inner shell again.

[0008] One of the reasons why condensed water appears on the inner wall of the encoder is that when the encoder is working underwater, the underwater temperature is lower than the temperature of the inner wall of the encoder, which causes the temperature of the water vapor entering the encoder to rise and then fall, thus forming condensed water. To avoid the formation of condensed water, the most ideal solution is to prevent water vapor from entering the encoder. However, because the volume of water vapor is too small, even the tightest seal will have tiny gaps. For example, there will inevitably be gaps at the position of the rotating shaft. Therefore, from the perspective of temperature, this solution uses a circulation component to circulate the gas inside the encoder so that the gas inside the encoder contacts the outer shell. Because in a low temperature environment, the temperature of the outer shell is first reduced to the same as that of the outside world. The gas contacts the outer shell and exchanges heat, so that the temperature inside the encoder is close to the temperature outside. The rotation of the output shaft drives the spiral shell to rotate. The spiral shell and the inner wall of the fixed cylinder form a structure similar to that of a screw air compressor, which continuously draws the gas inside the encoder from the top of the fixed cylinder into the fixed cylinder, and then pushes it into the air cavity and then into the spiral groove. The air exchanges heat with the outer shell when flowing on the inner wall of the spiral groove. The gas after heat exchange enters the encoder through the air inlet, thereby reducing the temperature inside the inner wall of the encoder to the same as that of the outside world, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the encoder and avoiding the condensation of internal water vapor into water droplets.

[0009] Preferably, the circulation component includes an upper fixed plate, a spiral groove and an air intake chamber, the upper fixed plate is connected to the inner wall of the inner shell and to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder, the spiral groove is opened inside the inner shell, the air intake chamber is opened on the upper fixed plate and the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, and the air intake chamber is connected to the spiral groove.

[0010] In the above scheme, the gas flows in the spiral groove and exchanges heat with the outer wall, thereby reducing the gas temperature. In order to increase the gas heat exchange time, the groove for gas flow is set as a spiral groove. By increasing the flow path of the gas, the heat exchange time of the gas is increased. At the same time, the spiral design will increase the contact area between the gas and the outer wall of the inner shell, thereby accelerating the temperature reduction of the inner shell.

[0011] Preferably, the upper half of the spiral groove is open and the lower half is sealed.

[0012] In the above scheme, in order to improve the heat exchange effect of the gas, an opening is opened in the upper part of the spiral groove so that the gas is in direct contact with the heat conduction plate, thereby accelerating the cooling of the gas. At the same time, the flow of gas forms an air seal, reducing the entry of water vapor, while the lower part remains closed, preventing the incoming water vapor from directly entering the encoder through the air inlet.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wall of the air inlet cavity is connected with a rubber membrane, and the rubber membrane is evenly distributed.

[0014] In the above scheme, the rubber membrane is evenly distributed to divide the air intake cavity into four equal chambers. Since the output shaft is relatively long, when the output shaft is subjected to impact vibration, the middle part of the output shaft is most susceptible to being affected. A structure similar to an airbag is formed through the chamber to reduce the influence of the output shaft vibration on the fixed cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the air outlet is designed to be rectangular, and a sealing plate is hinged inside, and the sealing plate is designed to be inclined.

[0016] In the above scheme, in order to prevent the gas from being discharged from the air inlet during the pushing process, a sealing plate is set at the air inlet. If the gas is used to push the movement of the ball to control the closing and opening of the air inlet, since the sealing is achieved by relying on the volume of the ball, the volume must be larger than the air inlet, which reduces the flow of gas from the air inlet to the compression chamber. Since the sealing plate needs to rotate frequently, the use of a coil spring to control the closing of the sealing plate can easily cause fatigue of the coil spring. Therefore, the closing and opening of the air inlet is controlled by pushing the sealing plate to fold.

[0017] Preferably, the circulation component also includes an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is opened on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder and is located above the upper fixed plate, and the air outlet is opened on the inner wall of the inner shell and is connected to the spiral groove and is located below the upper fixed plate.

[0018] In the above scheme, the flow distance of the gas flow process is increased, thereby improving the heat exchange effect. At the same time, the air intake at the top avoids the direct entry of water vapor, but instead enters with the cold air, avoiding the heating and then cooling of the water vapor.

[0019] Preferably, the inner wall of the outer shell is connected with a heat conducting plate, the cross section of the heat conducting plate is set to be gear-shaped, and the inner wall of the heat conducting plate is in contact with the outer wall of the inner shell.

[0020] In the above scheme, in order to speed up the heat exchange between the gas and the shell, a heat conducting plate is connected to the inner wall of the shell, the heat conducting plate is set to be gear-shaped, and the edge of the gear-shaped extends through the shell to the outer wall of the shell, so that the extended side of the heat conducting plate directly exchanges heat with the outside, which speeds up the heat exchange of the heat conducting plate, thereby indirectly speeding up the heat exchange between the heat conducting plate and the gas.

[0021] Preferably, the inner wall of the spiral shell is connected to a forward rotation component, and the forward rotation component includes a positive one-way bearing, a negative one-way bearing, a negative gear and teeth. The positive one-way bearing and the negative one-way bearing are both connected to the upper half of the output shaft. The rotation direction of the positive one-way bearing is the same as the rotation direction of the output shaft, and the rotation direction of the negative one-way bearing is opposite to that of the positive one-way bearing. The spiral shell is connected to the outer wall of the positive one-way bearing, and the teeth are connected to the outer wall of the negative one-way bearing and the inner wall of the spiral shell. The negative gear is connected between the negative one-way bearing and the spiral shell, and meshes with the teeth.

[0022] In the above scheme, because the output shaft rotates both forward and reverse during operation, in order to make the rotating shell always maintain the positive rotation direction during rotation, two one-way bearings are used to control the rotation direction of the rotating shell so that the rotating shell always maintains the positive rotation.

[0023] Preferably, a transmission assembly is connected below the upper fixed plate, and the transmission assembly includes a transmission shaft, a rotating cylinder, a chain and a lower fixed plate. The lower fixed plate is connected to the inner wall of the inner shell and is located below the upper fixed plate. The transmission shaft is connected between the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate. The chain passes through the fixed cylinder and is connected between the output shaft and the transmission shaft. The rotating cylinder is connected to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder, and a chain is connected between the transmission shaft and the rotating cylinder.

[0024] In the above scheme, when the encoder is operating in water, it will inevitably be impacted by the water flow, causing the output shaft to vibrate, and then causing the internal structure of the encoder to vibrate, resulting in damage to the internal parts of the encoder. In order to reduce the impact of the output shaft vibration on the encoder, the shafts are connected by chains, and the original rigid connection is changed to a flexible connection to reduce the transmission of vibration. The original single-axis transmission is split into two shafts, so that the transmission of vibration between each shaft is gradually reduced, further improving the encoder's ability to resist vibration.

[0025] Preferably, a movable groove is connected between the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate, a movable plate is slidably connected inside the movable groove, the movable plate is connected to the transmission shaft, a slider is connected to the front side of the movable plate, and the slider is slidably connected in the air intake cavity.

[0026] In the above scheme, the chain is affected by the temperature when working, and will experience thermal expansion and contraction. When the temperature is low, the chain will be slightly shortened, which will cause the chain to be tightened during work, exacerbating the wear of the chain. When the temperature is high, the length of the chain will increase slightly, making the chain loose and easy to fall off during work. Therefore, the gas in the moving groove pushes the transmission shaft to move to adapt to the thermal expansion and contraction of the chain.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. By setting a spiral shell, when the spiral shell rotates, the gas on the top of the inner shell will be sucked into the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, and transmitted to the inside of the circulation component, contacting with the heat conduction plate and cooling down, so that the gas can continuously exchange heat with the outside world while circulating, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the encoder. At the same time, when the gas flows on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, a gas film will be formed between the fixed cylinder and the spiral shell, preventing water vapor from directly entering the encoder, thereby improving the sealing effect, and pushing the water vapor entering the fixed cylinder into the circulation component together, thereby avoiding water vapor directly entering the encoder to absorb heat and then cool down to form condensed water, causing damage to internal parts.

[0029] 2. By setting up a circulation component, when the gas flows in the spiral groove in the circulation component, an air film is formed between the heat conduction plate and the inner shell, reducing the entry of water vapor and further improving the sealing effect of the encoder. At the same time, the air outlet of the spiral groove is set at the bottom of the inner shell, and the distance for the gas to flow between the air outlet and the air inlet at the top of the fixed cylinder is slightly smaller than the internal length of the encoder, thereby improving the circulation effect of the gas inside the encoder.

[0030] 3. By setting up a transmission component, the rotating cylinder, the transmission shaft and the output shaft are connected in sequence through a chain, and the original rigid connection is changed into a flexible connection, thereby reducing the transmission of vibration. The setting of the rotating cylinder and the transmission shaft can increase the number of vibration transmissions, so that the vibration is gradually reduced during the transmission process, and the encoder's ability to resist vibration is further improved. At the same time, when the chain shrinks due to cold, the transmission shaft can squeeze the air intake cavity and move toward the output shaft, avoiding the chain being in a tight state when it shrinks in a cold environment, which increases the wear of the chain and thereby increases the service life of the chain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circulation component of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the spiral groove structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the air inlet and air outlet structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the air intake cavity structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the heat conducting plate structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission assembly structure of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: 1. outer shell; 101. heat conduction plate; 2. flange; 3. detection device; 4. inner shell; 5. fixed cylinder; 6. output assembly; 601. spiral shell; 602. output shaft; 7. circulation assembly; 701. upper fixed plate; 702. spiral groove; 703. air inlet cavity; 707. rubber membrane; 704. air inlet; 705. air outlet; 706. sealing plate; 8. forward rotation assembly; 801. positive one-way bearing; 802. reverse one-way bearing; 803. reverse gear; 804. teeth; 9. transmission assembly; 901. transmission shaft; 902. rotating cylinder; 903. chain; 904. lower fixed plate; 905. moving groove; 906. moving plate; 907. slider. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and combine the working state to make its structural features more detailed. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] See also Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a multi-turn absolute encoder, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0042] A multi-turn absolute encoder, used in conjunction with a cable assembly, refer to Figure 1, including an outer shell 1, a flange 2, a detection device 3, an inner shell 4, a fixed cylinder 5, an output component 6 and a circulation component 7. The inner shell 4 and the fixed cylinder 5 are both connected to the top of the flange 2, the fixed cylinder 5 passes through the middle of the flange 2, the output component 6 is connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder 5, the output component 6 includes a spiral shell 601 and an output shaft 602, the output shaft 602 is connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder 5, the diameter of the upper half of the output shaft 602 is smaller than the diameter of the lower half, the spiral shell 601 is connected to the upper half of the output shaft 602, and the diameter of the spiral shell 601 is equal to the diameter of the lower half of the output shaft 602, the circulation component 7 is connected to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 5, the output shaft 602 rotates to drive the detection device 3 to perform detection, and at the same time drives the spiral shell 601 to rotate. Since the outer wall of the spiral shell 601 is in close contact with the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 5, the rotation of the spiral shell 601 will continuously push the gas on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 5 downward in a spiral. It moves and squeezes the gas into the circulation component 7. When the gas on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 5 is pushed into the circulation component 7, negative pressure will appear inside, thereby forcing the gas on the top of the inner wall of the encoder to enter the fixed cylinder 5. Therefore, when the spiral shell 601 rotates, the gas on the top of the inner shell 4 will be drawn into the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 5 and transmitted to the interior of the circulation component 7. Since water vapor will enter the encoder from the rotation of the encoder bearing, but the output shaft 602 is connected to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 5, the water vapor will first enter the interior of the fixed cylinder 5. When the gas flows on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 5, a gas sealing layer will be formed between the fixed cylinder 5 and the spiral shell 601, and the water vapor entering the fixed cylinder 5 will be pushed into the circulation component 7 together, thereby avoiding the water vapor directly entering the encoder to absorb heat and then cool down to form condensed water. After flowing inside the circulation component 7, the gas flows to the inner shell 4 again.

[0043] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 2 The circulation component 7 includes an upper fixed plate 701, a spiral groove 702 and an air inlet chamber 703. The upper fixed plate 701 is connected to the inner wall of the inner shell 4 and to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 5. The spiral groove 702 is opened inside the inner shell 4. The air inlet chamber 703 is opened on the upper fixed plate 701 and the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 5. The air inlet chamber 703 is communicated with the spiral groove 702. Under the push of the spiral shell 601, the gas first enters the inner wall of the air inlet chamber 703, and then enters the spiral groove 702 through the air inlet chamber 703. While serving as a connecting structure, the upper fixed plate 701 also fixes the top of the fixed cylinder 5. Because the top of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 5 is connected to the top of the output shaft 602, the fixation of the top of the fixed cylinder 5 is increased, and the fixation of the output shaft 602 is indirectly increased, thereby improving the stability of the output shaft 602 during rotation.

[0044] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 and 7The upper part of the spiral groove 702 is open, and the lower part is sealed, so that the gas directly contacts the heat conducting plate 101, which accelerates the cooling of the gas. At the same time, the flow of gas forms an air seal, reducing the entry of water vapor, and the lower part remains closed, preventing the incoming water vapor from directly entering the encoder through the air inlet 704. The inner wall of the outer shell 1 is connected to the heat conducting plate 101, and the cross-section of the heat conducting plate 101 is set to be gear-shaped. The inner wall of the heat conducting plate 101 is in contact with the outer wall of the inner shell 4, which accelerates the heat conduction of the gas.

[0045] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 5 The inner wall of the air intake cavity 703 is connected with a rubber membrane 707, and the rubber membrane 707 is evenly distributed. When the output shaft 602 is subjected to vibration, the spiral shell 601 is first affected, and then transmitted to the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 5 through the spiral shell 601. Since the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 5 is divided into two layers by the air intake cavity 703, the air intake cavity 703 opened on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 5 is divided into multiple chambers of the same size by the rubber membrane 707. When the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 5 is subjected to vibration, these small chambers will be squeezed and stretched, thereby reducing the transmission of vibration, thereby reducing the influence of the vibration of the output shaft 602 on the internal structure.

[0046] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 4 The circulation component 7 also includes an air inlet 704 and an air outlet 705. The air inlet 704 is opened on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 5 and is located above the upper fixed plate 701. The air outlet 705 is opened on the inner wall of the inner shell 4 and is connected to the spiral groove 702 and is located below the upper fixed plate 701. Because the top of the inner shell 4 extends to the top of the inner wall of the outer shell 1, and because water vapor can only enter the shell through the connection and the connection of the rotating shaft, when water vapor enters the encoder, it first appears at the top of the outer shell 1. The air inlet 704 is set at the top of the fixed cylinder 5. When water vapor enters, it can be immediately Water vapor is sucked into the inner wall of the fixed tube 5 to prevent the water vapor from directly contacting the hot electronic components and heating up. The air inlet 704 is arranged at the bottom, so that the flow path of the gas is approximately from the bottom of the inner wall of the encoder to the top, thereby increasing the gas circulation inside the encoder. At the same time, the flow direction of the gas flows from the bottom to the top, and the water vapor flows in from the top of the inner wall of the encoder, thereby preventing the water vapor entering from the connection from flowing directly to the bottom of the inner wall of the encoder. The air inlet 704 is arranged at the bottom, so that the temperature of the bottom drops first, avoiding the water vapor from heating up when entering the encoder, thereby avoiding the temperature change of the water vapor.

[0047] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 4The air outlet 705 is set to be rectangular, and a sealing plate 706 is hinged inside. The sealing plate 706 is designed to be inclined. The rotation direction of the sealing plate 706 is limited by setting the sealing plate 706 to be inclined, so that the sealing plate 706 can only rotate in the air outlet direction, thereby preventing the gas from flowing from the air outlet 705 into the spiral groove 702. The sealing plate 706 is set to be arc-shaped, which increases the contact area between the gas and the sealing plate 706, thereby increasing the thrust of the gas on the sealing plate 706, making it easier for the gas to push the sealing plate 706 to rotate, thereby making the sealing plate 706 rotate at a larger angle and increasing the air intake.

[0048] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 6 The inner wall of the spiral shell 601 is connected with a forward rotation component 8, and the forward rotation component 8 includes a positive one-way bearing 801, a negative one-way bearing 802, a negative gear 803 and teeth 804. The positive one-way bearing 801 and the negative one-way bearing 802 are both connected to the upper half of the output shaft 602. The rotation direction of the positive one-way bearing 801 is the same as the rotation direction of the output shaft 602. The rotation direction of the negative one-way bearing 802 is opposite to that of the positive one-way bearing 801. The spiral shell 601 is connected to the outer wall of the positive one-way bearing 801, and the teeth 804 are connected to the outer wall of the negative one-way bearing 802 and the inner wall of the spiral shell 601. The negative gear 803 is connected between the negative one-way bearing 802 and the spiral shell 601, and is connected to the teeth 804. When the output shaft 602 rotates clockwise, the spiral shell 601 rotates following the rotation direction of the output shaft 602 through the positive one-way bearing 801, and the teeth 804 on the inner wall of the spiral shell 601 mesh with the reverse gear 803 to drive the reverse one-way bearing 802 to rotate. When the output shaft 602 rotates counterclockwise, the reverse one-way bearing 802 will rotate counterclockwise with the output shaft 602, and at the same time, the spiral shell 601 rotates clockwise by meshing with the reverse one-way bearing 802, and the spiral shell 601 will drive the positive one-way bearing 801 to rotate clockwise, thereby realizing that the spiral shell 601 always keeps rotating clockwise when the encoder is working, and the gas inside the encoder is sucked into the fixed cylinder 5.

[0049] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 8, a transmission assembly 9 is connected below the upper fixed plate 701, and the transmission assembly 9 includes a transmission shaft 901, a rotating cylinder 902, a chain 903 and a lower fixed plate 904, the lower fixed plate 904 is connected to the inner wall of the inner shell 4, and is located below the upper fixed plate 701, the transmission shaft 901 is connected between the upper fixed plate 701 and the lower fixed plate 904, the chain 903 passes through the fixed cylinder 5 and is connected between the output shaft 602 and the transmission shaft 901, the rotating cylinder 902 is connected to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 5, and the chain 903 is connected between the transmission shaft 901 and the rotating cylinder 902, through The flexible transmission of chain 903 replaces the original rigid transmission. When the output shaft 602 is vibrated, the vibration will be transmitted to the chain 903. Because the chain 903 is flexible and the transmission shaft 901 is rigid, the vibration of the flexible structure is unlikely to cause the vibration of the rigid structure. Therefore, when the vibration of the output shaft 602 is transmitted to the transmission shaft 901 through the chain 903, the vibration intensity is greatly weakened. The vibration is further weakened when it is transmitted from the transmission shaft 901 to the rotating cylinder 902, thereby improving the vibration resistance of the encoder and reducing the transmission of vibration.

[0050] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 8 A movable groove 905 is connected between the upper fixed plate 701 and the lower fixed plate 904, and a movable plate 906 is slidably connected inside the movable groove 905. The movable plate 906 is connected to the transmission shaft 901, and a slider 907 is connected to the front side of the movable plate 906. The slider 907 is slidably connected to the air inlet cavity 703. Metal has the phenomenon of thermal expansion and contraction. When it is winter, the temperature under water is relatively low, so the chain 903 will shrink. When shrinking, it will pull the transmission shaft 901, and at this time, the transmission shaft 901 will push the movable plate 906 to move. The movable plate 906 approaches the output shaft 602 and squeezes the air intake chamber 703, thereby reducing the tension of the chain 903 and reducing the loss of the chain 903. When the temperature of the water rises, the state of the chain 903 will also be restored and will be in a relaxed state. At this time, the gas in the air intake chamber 703 will push the movable plate 906 to drive the transmission shaft 901 to move away from the output shaft 602, thereby tightening the chain 903 to prevent it from falling off during transmission, thereby avoiding the adverse effects of the chain 903 caused by thermal expansion and contraction.

[0051] Working principle: During use, the output end of the encoder is connected to the rope puller with the output end facing downward. When the rope puller is in operation, the output shaft 602 is driven to rotate. When the output shaft 602 rotates, the detection device 3 is driven through the transmission component 9. In order to avoid water vapor entering the inner wall of the encoder to form condensed water when working underwater, which may damage the internal parts, the rotation of the output shaft 602 is used to realize the principle of the screw air compressor, so that the gas inside the encoder circulates and exchanges heat with the outside world, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the encoder;

[0052] Specifically, when the output shaft 602 rotates, the spiral shell 601 is driven to rotate. Since the outer wall of the spiral shell 601 fits tightly with the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 5, when the spiral shell 601 rotates, it pushes the gas in the fixed cylinder 5 to move downward and enter the inner wall of the air inlet cavity 703, and flows into the spiral groove 702 through the air inlet cavity 703. When the gas enters the spiral groove 702, it contacts the heat conduction plate 101 and exchanges heat and cools down, and finally enters the bottom of the inner wall of the encoder through the air outlet 705. When the gas in the fixed cylinder 5 enters the air inlet cavity 703, the gas at the top of the inner wall of the encoder enters the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 5, and the gas at the bottom flows to the top at the same time, thereby realizing the circulation flow cooling inside the encoder, and the temperature inside the encoder is lowered by the low-temperature gas, reducing the temperature difference with the outside world, thereby avoiding the generation of condensed water.

[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-turn absolute encoder, used in conjunction with a pull rope assembly, comprising a housing (1), a flange (2) and a detection device (3), characterized in that: The invention also comprises an inner shell (4), a fixed cylinder (5), an output assembly (6) and a circulation assembly (7), wherein the inner shell (4) and the fixed cylinder (5) are both connected to the upper part of the flange (2), the fixed cylinder (5) passes through the middle part of the flange (2), the output assembly (6) is connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder (5), the output assembly (6) comprises a spiral shell (601) and an output shaft (602), the output shaft (602) is connected to the inside of the fixed cylinder (5), the diameter of the upper part of the output shaft (602) is smaller than the diameter of the lower part, the spiral shell (601) is connected to the inner shell (601), and the output shaft (602) is connected to the inner shell (601). The spiral shell (601) is located at the upper part of the output shaft (602), and the diameter of the spiral shell (601) is equal to the diameter of the lower part of the output shaft (602). The circulation component (7) is connected to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder (5). The output shaft (602) rotates to drive the detection device (3) to perform detection, and at the same time drives the spiral shell (601) to rotate. When the spiral shell (601) rotates, the gas at the top of the inner shell (4) is drawn into the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (5) and transmitted to the inside of the circulation component (7). After flowing inside the circulation component (7), the gas flows into the inner shell (4) again.

2. A multi-turn absolute encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulation assembly (7) comprises an upper fixing plate (701), a spiral groove (702) and an air intake chamber (703); the upper fixing plate (701) is connected to the inner wall of the inner shell (4) and to the outer wall of the fixing cylinder (5); the spiral groove (702) is provided inside the inner shell (4); the air intake chamber (703) is provided on the upper fixing plate (701) and the inner wall of the fixing cylinder (5); and the air intake chamber (703) is in communication with the spiral groove (702).

3. A multi-turn absolute encoder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper part of the spiral groove (702) is designed to be open, and the lower part is sealed.

4. The multi-turn absolute encoder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circulation component (7) further comprises an air inlet (704) and an air outlet (705); the air inlet (704) is provided on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder (5) and is located above the upper fixed plate (701); the air outlet (705) is provided on the inner wall of the inner shell (4) and is in communication with the spiral groove (702) and is located below the upper fixed plate (701).

5. A multi-turn absolute encoder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air outlet (705) is designed to be rectangular, and a sealing plate (706) is hinged inside, and the sealing plate (706) is designed to be inclined.

6. A multi-turn absolute encoder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the air inlet cavity (703) is connected with a rubber membrane (707), and the rubber membrane (707) is evenly distributed.

7. The multi-turn absolute encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the spiral shell (601) is connected to a forward rotation component (8), and the forward rotation component (8) includes a positive one-way bearing (801), a negative one-way bearing (802), a negative gear (803) and teeth (804). The positive one-way bearing (801) and the negative one-way bearing (802) are both connected to the upper half of the output shaft (602). The rotation direction of the positive one-way bearing (801) is the same as the rotation direction of the output shaft (602). The rotation direction of the negative one-way bearing (802) is opposite to that of the positive one-way bearing (801). The spiral shell (601) is connected to the outer wall of the positive one-way bearing (801). The teeth (804) are connected to the outer wall of the negative one-way bearing (802) and the inner wall of the spiral shell (601). The negative gear (803) is connected between the negative one-way bearing (802) and the spiral shell (601) and meshes with the teeth (804).

8. The multi-turn absolute encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer shell (1) is connected to a heat conducting plate (101), the cross section of the heat conducting plate (101) is arranged in a gear shape, and the inner wall of the heat conducting plate (101) is in contact with the outer wall of the inner shell (4).

9. The multi-turn absolute encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transmission assembly (9) is connected below the upper fixed plate (701), and the transmission assembly (9) comprises a transmission shaft (901), a rotating cylinder (902), a chain (903) and a lower fixed plate (904). The lower fixed plate (904) is connected to the inner wall of the inner shell (4) and is located below the upper fixed plate (701). The transmission shaft (901) is connected between the upper fixed plate (701) and the lower fixed plate (904). The chain (903) passes through the fixed cylinder (5) and is connected between the output shaft (602) and the transmission shaft (901). The rotating cylinder (902) is connected to the outer wall of the fixed cylinder (5). The chain (903) is connected between the transmission shaft (901) and the rotating cylinder (902).

10. The multi-turn absolute encoder according to claim 9, characterized in that: A movable groove (905) is connected between the upper fixed plate (701) and the lower fixed plate (904), a movable plate (906) is slidably connected inside the movable groove (905), the movable plate (906) is connected to the transmission shaft (901), a slider (907) is connected to the front side of the movable plate (906), and the slider (907) is slidably connected to the air inlet cavity (703).

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