Noise measurement and processing system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a noise measurement and processing system and method, and relates to the technical field of noise measurement, the noise measurement and processing system comprises a noise data measurement module, a marine environment measurement module and a data acquisition and analysis module, the noise data measurement module is used for measuring noise data of a mariculture platform; the marine environment measurement module is used for measuring marine environment parameters; the data acquisition and analysis module is in communication connection with the noise data measurement module and the marine environment measurement module, and is used for acquiring noise data and marine environment parameters and obtaining arrangement point locations and measurement conditions of the noise data measurement module based on the marine environment parameters; and performing noise processing and analysis on the noise data. According to the method, the proper noise measurement point is obtained by collecting the marine environment parameters, various noise data are collected at the noise measurement point, noise analysis is carried out, and the accuracy of noise measurement and analysis of the mariculture platform is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of noise measurement, and in particular to a noise measurement and processing system and method. Background Art

[0002] Noise measurement in the marine environment is a relatively complex issue. It is restricted by many factors such as high background noise, reverberation, sea conditions, and data collection methods, which bring great uncertainty to noise measurement. At present, there is a lack of relevant clear document basis for active target underwater noise testing in China. The existing GB / T 5265-2009 "Acoustic Underwater Noise Measurement" standard is only applicable to underwater environmental noise measurement, focusing on the work procedures of the test and lacking content on the method; another GB / T 19485-2014 "Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment of Marine Engineering" also only puts forward general requirements for the work procedures, evaluation content and methods of environmental impact assessment of marine engineering construction projects, and lacks an accurate description of underwater radiated noise measurement. The existing measurement standards and measurement methods are generally only aimed at ship noise measurement. There is little research on the noise measurement method of offshore aquaculture platforms. In addition, the measurement method and data accuracy are greatly affected by environmental factors and cannot meet the construction requirements of offshore aquaculture platforms in the current and future period.

[0003] Therefore, a new noise measurement and processing system and method are urgently needed to solve the problem of the current lack of noise measurement systems and methods for offshore aquaculture platforms. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to propose a noise measurement and processing system and method, aiming to solve the problem of the current lack of noise measurement systems and methods for offshore aquaculture platforms.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the noise measurement and processing system proposed in the present invention is applied to an offshore aquaculture platform, and the noise measurement and processing system includes a noise data measurement module, a marine environment measurement module and a data acquisition and analysis module; the noise data measurement module is used to measure the noise data of the offshore aquaculture platform; wherein the noise data includes underwater noise, air noise and vibration noise; the marine environment measurement module is used to measure marine environmental parameters; wherein the marine environmental parameters include at least one or more of water depth parameters, distance parameters, temperature and salinity parameters, meteorological parameters and flow rate parameters; the data acquisition and analysis module is respectively communicated with the noise data measurement module and the marine environment measurement module, the data acquisition and analysis module is used to collect noise data and marine environment parameters, and derive the layout points and measurement conditions of the noise data measurement module based on the marine environment parameters, and perform noise processing and analysis on the noise data.

[0006] In one embodiment, the noise data measurement module includes a hydrophone, a sound level meter and a vibration sensor; the hydrophone, the sound level meter and the vibration sensor are respectively communicatively connected to the data acquisition and analysis module; the hydrophone is used to measure the underwater noise of the offshore aquaculture platform; the sound level meter is used to measure the air noise of the offshore aquaculture platform; the vibration sensor is used to measure the structural vibration noise of the offshore aquaculture platform.

[0007] In one embodiment, the marine environment measurement module includes a depth sounder, a rangefinder, a CTD measuring instrument, a meteorological instrument and a current meter; the depth sounder, the rangefinder, the CTD measuring instrument, the meteorological instrument and the current meter are respectively connected to the data acquisition and analysis module for communication; the depth sounder is used to measure the water depth of the measurement area to obtain the water depth parameter; the rangefinder is used to measure the distance between the measurement point and the offshore aquaculture platform to obtain the distance parameter; the CTD measuring instrument is used to measure the temperature and salinity of the water body at different depths in the measurement area to obtain the sound velocity profile to obtain the temperature-salinity parameter; the meteorological instrument is used to measure the wind speed, wind direction, air temperature and sea conditions in the measurement area and integrate them into meteorological parameters; the current meter is used to measure the flow velocity at different water layer depths in the measurement area to obtain the flow velocity parameter.

[0008] The present invention also proposes a noise measurement and processing method, which is applied to an offshore aquaculture platform. The noise measurement and processing method comprises the following steps:

[0009] Measure the ocean environment and obtain ocean environment parameters;

[0010] Based on the ocean environment parameters, noise measurement points are obtained;

[0011] Measuring the noise of the offshore aquaculture platform at the noise measurement point; wherein the noise data at least includes air noise parameters, vibration noise parameters and underwater noise parameters;

[0012] Process the air noise parameters to obtain the air noise octave band sound pressure level, A sound level and total sound level;

[0013] Process the vibration noise parameters to obtain the vibration noise acceleration level and octave spectrum level;

[0014] The underwater noise parameters are processed to obtain the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level, broadband sound pressure level and sound pressure spectrum level.

[0015] In one embodiment, the step of processing the air noise parameters to obtain the air noise octave band sound pressure level, A sound level and total sound level includes:

[0016] Calculate the sound pressure level of the air noise parameter based on the effective value of the sound pressure of the air noise parameter and the reference sound pressure of the air noise, and calculate the octave band sound pressure level of the air noise based on the sound pressure level of the air noise parameter;

[0017] Calculate the A sound level of the air noise parameter based on the sound pressure level of each frequency band of the air noise parameter and the A-weighted gain corresponding to each frequency band;

[0018] Based on the sound pressure levels of the air noise parameters in each frequency band, the total sound level of the air noise parameters is calculated.

[0019] In one embodiment, the step of processing the vibration noise parameters to obtain the vibration noise acceleration level and the octave spectrum level includes:

[0020] Calculate the acceleration level of the vibration noise parameter based on the effective value of the sound pressure of the vibration noise parameter and the reference value of the acceleration level;

[0021] Based on the acceleration level, the octave spectrum level of vibration noise is calculated.

[0022] In one embodiment, the step of processing underwater noise parameters to obtain underwater noise octave band sound pressure level, broadband sound pressure level and sound pressure spectrum level includes:

[0023] Based on the underwater radiated noise time domain signal of the underwater noise parameter, the voltage spectrum of the underwater noise parameter is calculated, and the voltage spectrum of the underwater noise parameter is converted into a sound pressure spectrum;

[0024] Based on the sound pressure spectrum, the octave band sound pressure level of underwater noise is calculated with the spectrum analysis frequency as the octave band center frequency;

[0025] Based on the frequency band sound pressure levels of the underwater noise parameters, the broadband sound pressure level and sound pressure spectrum level of the underwater noise parameters are calculated.

[0026] In one embodiment, the ocean environment parameter includes a distance parameter;

[0027] After the step of processing the underwater noise parameters to obtain the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level, broadband sound pressure level and sound pressure spectrum level, the method further includes:

[0028] Calculating the frequency band sound source level of the underwater noise parameter based on the frequency band sound pressure level of the underwater noise parameter and the distance parameter;

[0029] Calculate the broadband sound source level of underwater noise parameters based on broadband sound pressure level of underwater noise parameters and distance parameters;

[0030] Calculate the sound pressure spectrum source level of the underwater noise parameter based on the sound pressure spectrum level of the underwater noise parameter and the distance parameter;

[0031] The underwater noise parameters are subjected to short-time Fourier transform to obtain the time-frequency analysis results of the underwater noise.

[0032] In one embodiment, the noise data further includes background noise parameters;

[0033] After the step of processing the underwater noise parameters to obtain the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level, broadband sound pressure level and sound pressure spectrum level, the method further includes:

[0034] Calculate the sound pressure level of underwater noise parameters;

[0035] Calculating the sound pressure level of the background noise parameter, and performing octave processing on the sound pressure level of the background noise parameter to obtain the octave band sound pressure level of the background noise;

[0036] Calculate the measurement signal-to-noise ratio based on the sound pressure level of underwater noise parameters and the octave band sound pressure level of background noise;

[0037] If the measured signal-to-noise ratio is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, the underwater noise parameter is marked as an invalid parameter;

[0038] If the measured signal-to-noise ratio is greater than the first preset threshold and less than the second preset threshold, the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level is corrected based on the wide-band sound source level calculation formula and the background noise parameters to obtain the corrected underwater noise octave band sound pressure level.

[0039] In one embodiment, after the step of processing the underwater noise parameters to obtain the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level, broadband sound pressure level and sound pressure spectrum level, the method further includes:

[0040] Based on the air noise octave band sound pressure level, A sound level and total sound level, the air noise is evaluated to obtain the air noise assessment level;

[0041] If the air noise assessment level is greater than the first level threshold, a first prompt message is output; wherein the first prompt message is used to prompt that sound absorbing materials are provided on the structural surface of the offshore aquaculture platform, and / or that a muffler is installed on the sound-generating device of the offshore aquaculture platform;

[0042] Based on the vibration noise acceleration level and octave spectrum level, the vibration noise is evaluated to obtain the vibration noise evaluation level;

[0043] If the vibration noise assessment level is greater than the second level threshold, a second prompt message is output; wherein the second prompt message is used to prompt the mechanical equipment generating noise on the offshore aquaculture platform to be subjected to vibration reduction and isolation treatment;

[0044] Based on the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level, broadband sound pressure level and sound pressure spectrum level, the underwater noise is evaluated to obtain the underwater noise evaluation level;

[0045] If the underwater noise assessment level is greater than the third level threshold, a third prompt message is output; wherein the third prompt message is used to prompt the installation of damping equipment on the offshore aquaculture platform and / or the trimming of the protrusions of the offshore aquaculture platform so that the protrusions of the offshore aquaculture platform reach the expected smoothness.

[0046] The technical solution of the present invention adopts a noise measurement and processing system, and the noise measurement and processing system is applied to an offshore aquaculture platform. The noise measurement and processing system includes a noise data measurement module, a marine environment measurement module and a data acquisition and analysis module; the noise data measurement module is used to measure the noise data of the offshore aquaculture platform; wherein the noise data includes underwater noise, air noise, and vibration noise; the marine environment measurement module is used to measure marine environmental parameters; wherein the marine environmental parameters include at least one or more of water depth parameters, distance parameters, temperature and salinity parameters, meteorological parameters, and flow rate parameters; the data acquisition and analysis module is respectively connected to the noise data measurement module and the marine environment measurement module for communication, the data acquisition and analysis module is used to collect noise data and marine environment parameters, and derive the layout points and measurement conditions of the noise data measurement module based on the marine environment parameters, and perform noise processing and analysis on the noise data.

[0047] The technical solution of the present invention adopts a marine environment measurement module to measure marine environment parameters such as water depth parameters, distance parameters, etc., and then uses a data acquisition and analysis module to collect and process the marine environment parameters to obtain the layout points and measurement conditions, thereby guiding the layout of the noise data measurement module and the conditions under which the measurement should be performed, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement, avoiding the arrangement of the noise data measurement module at an unreasonable point or conducting measurements under poor meteorological conditions, and reducing the impact of interference factors on the measurement; and by adopting the noise data measurement module to measure the noise data of the offshore aquaculture platform, wherein the noise data includes underwater noise, air noise, and vibration noise, thereby achieving comprehensive measurement of various noises generated by the offshore aquaculture platform, enriching the dimension of noise measurement; finally, the data acquisition and analysis module is used to collect the noise data and perform noise processing and analysis on the noise data to obtain multi-dimensional noise analysis results, thereby achieving measurement and analysis of multi-dimensional noise sources of the offshore aquaculture platform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0049] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the module composition of an embodiment of a noise measurement and processing system provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a first embodiment of a noise measurement and processing method provided by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of hydrophone deployment in accordance with a first embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method provided by the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of underwater noise measurement of the first embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method provided by the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the underwater noise octave band sound source level of the fifth embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method provided by the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the underwater noise sound pressure spectrum source level of the fifth embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method provided by the present invention;

[0055] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of underwater noise time-frequency analysis results of the fifth embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method provided by the present invention;

[0056] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the sound absorption principle of the sound absorbing material of the seventh embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method provided by the present invention;

[0057] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of a structural vibration isolation method according to a seventh embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method provided by the present invention.

[0058] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0061] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes solution A, solution B, or solutions that satisfy both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0062] Noise measurement in the marine environment is a relatively complex issue. It is restricted by many factors such as high background noise, reverberation, sea conditions, and data collection methods, which bring great uncertainty to noise measurement. At present, there is a lack of relevant clear document basis for active target underwater noise testing in China. The existing GB / T 5265-2009 "Acoustic Underwater Noise Measurement" standard is only applicable to underwater environmental noise measurement, focusing on the work procedures of the test and lacking content on the method; another GB / T 19485-2014 "Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment of Marine Engineering" also only puts forward general requirements for the work procedures, evaluation content and methods of environmental impact assessment of marine engineering construction projects, and lacks an accurate description of underwater radiated noise measurement. The existing measurement standards and measurement methods are generally only aimed at ship noise measurement. There is little research on the noise measurement method of offshore aquaculture platforms. In addition, the measurement method and data accuracy are greatly affected by environmental factors and cannot meet the construction requirements of offshore aquaculture platforms in the current and future period.

[0063] Therefore, a new noise measurement and processing system and method are urgently needed to solve the problem of the current lack of noise measurement systems and methods for offshore aquaculture platforms.

[0064] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a noise measurement and processing system.

[0065] See also Figure 1In one embodiment of the present invention, the noise measurement and processing system is applied to an offshore aquaculture platform, and the noise measurement and processing system includes a noise data measurement module, a marine environment measurement module and a data acquisition and analysis module; the noise data measurement module is used to measure the noise data of the offshore aquaculture platform; wherein the noise data includes underwater noise, air noise, and vibration noise; the marine environment measurement module is used to measure marine environmental parameters; wherein the marine environmental parameters include at least one or more of water depth parameters, distance parameters, temperature and salinity parameters, meteorological parameters, and flow rate parameters; the marine environmental parameters are used to be combined with the noise data to assist in noise analysis; the data acquisition and analysis module is respectively connected to the noise data measurement module and the marine environment measurement module for communication, and the data acquisition and analysis module is used to collect noise data and marine environmental parameters, and to perform noise processing and analysis in combination with the noise data and the marine environmental parameters.

[0066] The technical solution of the present invention adopts a marine environment measurement module to measure marine environment parameters such as water depth parameters, distance parameters, etc., and then uses a data acquisition and analysis module to collect and process the marine environment parameters to obtain the layout points and measurement conditions, thereby guiding the layout of the noise data measurement module and the conditions under which the measurement should be performed, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement, avoiding the arrangement of the noise data measurement module at an unreasonable point or conducting measurements under poor meteorological conditions, and reducing the impact of interference factors on the measurement; and by adopting the noise data measurement module to measure the noise data of the offshore aquaculture platform, wherein the noise data includes underwater noise, air noise, and vibration noise, thereby achieving comprehensive measurement of various noises generated by the offshore aquaculture platform, enriching the dimension of noise measurement; finally, the data acquisition and analysis module is used to collect the noise data and perform noise processing and analysis on the noise data to obtain multi-dimensional noise analysis results, thereby achieving measurement and analysis of multi-dimensional noise sources of the offshore aquaculture platform.

[0067] It should be noted that the data acquisition and analysis module in this embodiment is a module that integrates data acquisition and data processing and analysis functions. It should have acquisition characteristics such as low distortion, high sampling rate, and low noise, and should be a portable structure with structural characteristics such as waterproof and drop-resistant, so as to meet the comprehensive requirements of easy to carry and high processing accuracy.

[0068] In an embodiment of the present invention, the noise data measurement module includes a hydrophone, a sound level meter and a vibration sensor; the hydrophone, the sound level meter and the vibration sensor are respectively communicatively connected to the data acquisition and analysis module; the hydrophone is used to measure the underwater noise of the offshore aquaculture platform; the sound level meter is used to measure the air noise of the offshore aquaculture platform; the vibration sensor is used to measure the structural vibration noise of the offshore aquaculture platform.

[0069] It should be noted that the measurement frequency range of the hydrophone should meet 20Hz-20kHz to ensure that the hydrophone has a sufficiently wide measurement frequency underwater; within the measurement frequency range, the hydrophone sensitivity should be greater than -170dB, the sensitivity fluctuation should not exceed 2dB, the equivalent noise sound pressure spectrum level should be less than the lower limit of the Wenz noise spectrum, the receiving sensitivity response should be flat and non-directional in both the horizontal and vertical directions, so as to meet the underwater noise measurement requirements for offshore aquaculture platforms. In addition, as a preferred embodiment, the sound level meter uses a sound level meter with functions such as statistics and octave filtering to simplify the statistics and filtering of the measurement signal; the measurement frequency range of the vibration sensor should meet 20Hz-8kHz, and the measurement error should be less than 5%, so as to ensure that vibration types within a wide frequency range can be measured and high measurement data availability can be guaranteed.

[0070] It should be noted that the measurement time of the sound level meter should cover at least one working day, and the key information points that need to be recorded during the measurement should at least include: production status, load, main noise source and high-noise work area, staffing, working mode, working time, rest time, time, duration and frequency of exposure to noise, hearing protection, etc. Before measuring, the vibration sensor needs to clean the paint, rust or other dirt at the test point, polish with sandpaper to expose the original color of the metal, wipe the surface with alcohol, etc., and install the vibration sensor after drying to ensure the measurement accuracy of the vibration sensor. For the hydrophone deployed on the measuring ship, it should be ensured that all non-essential mechanical equipment is stopped during the measurement process, all activities that affect the noise measurement are stopped, and low-noise power supply is guaranteed.

[0071] In this embodiment, the underwater noise, air noise and structural vibration noise of the offshore aquaculture platform are measured respectively by using a hydrophone, a sound level meter and a vibration sensor, thereby achieving accurate measurement of various noise data.

[0072] In an embodiment of the present invention, the marine environment measurement module includes a depth sounder, a rangefinder, a CTD measuring instrument, a meteorological instrument and a current meter; the depth sounder, the rangefinder, the CTD measuring instrument, the meteorological instrument and the current meter are respectively connected to the data acquisition and analysis module for communication; the depth sounder is used to measure the water depth of the measurement area to obtain the water depth parameter; the rangefinder is used to measure the distance between the measurement point and the offshore aquaculture platform to obtain the distance parameter; the CTD measuring instrument is used to measure the temperature and salinity of the water body at different depths in the measurement area to obtain the sound velocity profile to obtain the temperature-salinity parameter; the meteorological instrument is used to measure the wind speed, wind direction, air temperature and sea conditions in the measurement area and integrate them into meteorological parameters; the current meter is used to measure the flow velocity at different water layer depths in the measurement area to obtain the flow velocity parameter.

[0073] It should be noted that the depth sounder is used to measure the water depth of the measurement area and needs to be placed underwater during the measurement process. Therefore, the depth sounder should have a certain current resistance to avoid excessive interference of ocean currents on the water depth measurement noise; in addition, for the rangefinder, as a preferred implementation method, the ranging accuracy of the rangefinder should be within ±5 meters, so as to ensure that the distance between the measured measurement point and the offshore aquaculture platform has a low relative error; the CTD meter (Conductivity-Temperature-Depth meter) is used to measure the temperature and salinity of water bodies at different depths, so as to obtain the sound velocity profile in the measurement area, and use the sound velocity profile to analyze the propagation path, speed and attenuation of underwater noise in the water; the meteorological instrument is used to measure the wind speed, wind direction, temperature and sea conditions in the measurement area and integrate them into meteorological parameters. The meteorological instrument should have the characteristics of strong resistance to sea conditions, so as to achieve measurement of various complex sea conditions, and judge whether the meteorological conditions for noise measurement are met based on the measured meteorological parameters, so as to avoid noise measurement in severe sea conditions resulting in unreliable noise data.

[0074] In this embodiment, by using the above-mentioned different instruments to measure different types of marine environmental parameters, the accuracy of each marine environmental parameter measurement is improved, thereby providing more accurate data support for the layout points and measurement conditions of the noise data measurement module, and using the temperature and salinity of water bodies at different depths measured by the CTD measuring instrument to obtain the sound velocity profile, so as to provide data support for subsequent noise analysis.

[0075] The present invention also proposes a noise measurement and processing method, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a noise measurement and processing method of the present invention.

[0076] It should be noted that the execution subject of this embodiment can be a computing terminal with data processing, network communication and program running functions, which integrates the data acquisition and analysis module in the noise measurement and processing system, and is connected to the noise data measurement module and the ocean environment measurement module. The computing terminal is taken as an example to illustrate this embodiment and the following embodiments.

[0077] In this embodiment, the noise measurement and processing method is applied to an offshore aquaculture platform, and the noise measurement and processing method includes steps S10 to S60:

[0078] Step S10, measuring the ocean environment to obtain ocean environment parameters;

[0079] It should be noted that the marine environment measuring instruments used to measure the marine environment include a depth sounder, a rangefinder, a CTD measuring instrument, a meteorological instrument and a current meter. The description of the marine environment measuring instruments can refer to the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Among them, the marine environment parameters include at least one or more of water depth parameters, distance parameters, temperature and salinity parameters, meteorological parameters, and flow rate parameters.

[0080] Step S20, obtaining noise measurement points based on ocean environment parameters;

[0081] It should be noted that the sound level meter is used to measure the air noise of the offshore aquaculture platform. The microphone of the sound level meter should be pointed to the main noise source, and the distance between the measurement personnel and the microphone should be kept greater than 0.5m. The microphone of the sound level meter should be kept at the ear position of the operator to eliminate the interference noise generated by the measurement personnel as much as possible; the vibration sensor is used to measure the structural vibration noise of the aquaculture platform. The vibration sensor should be arranged at the main vibration sources such as mechanical equipment of the offshore aquaculture platform.

[0082] Since the locations of the sound level meter and vibration sensor have been determined, determining the noise measurement locations mainly refers to determining the locations of the hydrophones:

[0083] Hydrophone measurement points need to be arranged at least at three water depths along the water depth direction. Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of hydrophone deployment. The first hydrophone point in the water layer depth direction can be arranged at 3m underwater, the second hydrophone point can be arranged at half the water depth (1 / 2h) (the water depth is determined by the water depth parameter in the marine environmental parameters), and the third hydrophone point can be arranged at three-quarters of the water depth (3 / 4h). The distance between the measuring point and the aquaculture platform and the water depth of the point should be recorded.

[0084] In the direction along the water layer plane, see Figure 4 At least 8 measuring points should be arranged outside the offshore aquaculture platform, and at least 2 measuring points should be arranged inside the cages of the offshore aquaculture platform. The survey ship first arrives at measuring point 1, which is about 50m away from the aquaculture platform, and uses a depth sounder to measure the sea depth. The positions of the three hydrophones are adjusted according to the sea depth and the marks on the ropes. The three hydrophones are located at Figure 3As shown, the underwater position is 3m, the sea depth is 1 / 2, and the sea depth is 3 / 4. The measurement starts after the water level stabilizes. After the measurement is completed, the hydrophone is salvaged and the survey ship is driven to the next measurement point. The hydrophone deployment and recovery operations are performed in the same manner as above. The measurement time for each measurement point is not less than 15 minutes. The internal measurement points of the offshore aquaculture platform cages should be measured continuously. The measurement collection frequency can be 1 hour during the measurement period. In addition, a sound velocity profile measurement is required on the survey ship using a CTD measuring instrument. The measurement collection frequency of the CTD measuring instrument can be set to measure once every 1 hour.

[0085] When measuring underwater noise on offshore aquaculture platforms, background noise should also be monitored simultaneously, and the background noise measurement hydrophone points should be arranged at least 1 nautical mile away from the offshore aquaculture platform to be measured.

[0086] Step S30, measuring the noise of the offshore aquaculture platform at the noise measurement point to obtain noise data; wherein the noise data at least includes air noise parameters, vibration noise parameters and underwater noise parameters;

[0087] Step S40, processing the air noise parameters to obtain the air noise octave band sound pressure level, A sound level and total sound level;

[0088] It should be noted that in acoustics, frequency range is used to represent the interval or bandwidth between the frequencies of two sounds, and octave refers to times the interval or bandwidth between the frequencies of two sounds; by utilizing the relatively stable energy in the noise frequency band, the acquired air noise parameters are processed with the analysis frequency as the center frequency to calculate the octave band sound pressure level of the air noise, thereby improving the accuracy of air noise analysis. Among them, as a preferred embodiment, the octave can be set to 1 / 3 octave, that is, the 1 / 3 octave sound pressure level of the air noise is calculated.

[0089] In addition, the analysis of A-sound level can reflect people's subjective evaluation of noise; the total sound level can reflect the total loudness level measurement of sounds of all frequencies of complex sound; and the acceleration level of vibration noise can reflect the vibration intensity of vibration noise.

[0090] Step S50, processing the vibration noise parameters to obtain the vibration noise acceleration level and octave spectrum level;

[0091] It should be noted that the acceleration level of vibration noise can reflect the vibration severity of the vibration noise; and the calculation of the octave spectrum level can use the relatively stable energy in the noise band to achieve accurate analysis of vibration noise. Among them, as a preferred implementation, the octave can be set to 1 / 3 octave, that is, the 1 / 3 octave sound pressure level of the vibration noise is calculated.

[0092] Step S60, processing the underwater noise parameters to obtain the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level, broadband sound pressure level and sound pressure spectrum level.

[0093] It should be noted that by utilizing the relatively stable energy in the noise frequency band, the acquired underwater noise parameters are processed in an octave band with the analysis frequency as the center frequency to obtain the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level, thereby improving the accuracy of underwater noise analysis. Among them, as a preferred implementation, the octave band can be set to 1 / 3 octave band, that is, the underwater noise 1 / 3 octave band sound pressure level is calculated.

[0094] In addition, the broadband sound pressure level of underwater noise can reflect the total noise intensity in the underwater environment; the sound pressure spectrum level of underwater noise reflects the energy distribution of underwater noise at different frequencies.

[0095] In this embodiment, by measuring the marine environment, the marine environment parameters are obtained, and then based on the marine environment parameters, the noise measurement points are obtained to guide the arrangement of the measuring instruments in the noise data measurement module and indicate under what conditions the measurement should be performed; in addition, the temperature and salinity parameters in the marine environment parameters can also be used to be analyzed to obtain the sound velocity profile, which is used for subsequent noise analysis; by measuring the noise of the offshore aquaculture platform at the noise measurement points, the noise data is obtained, and the noise data is measured at the appropriate noise measurement points, which avoids the influence of interference factors on the noise data measurement and improves the accuracy of the noise data; by performing the above-mentioned processing on the air noise parameters, vibration noise parameters, and underwater noise parameters in the noise data, a multi-dimensional noise analysis result is obtained, which accurately reflects the noise conditions of the offshore aquaculture platform in multiple dimensions.

[0096] Based on the above embodiment, in the second embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method of the present invention, the same or similar contents as those in the first embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method can be referred to the above introduction, and will not be repeated later. On this basis, step S40 includes steps S41 to S43:

[0097] Step S41, calculating the sound pressure level of the air noise parameter based on the effective value of the sound pressure of the air noise parameter and the reference sound pressure of the air noise, and calculating the octave band sound pressure level of the air noise based on the sound pressure level of the air noise parameter;

[0098] In step S41, the sound pressure level L p Calculated by the following formula:

[0099]

[0100] Where: p is the effective value of sound pressure, p 0 As the reference sound pressure, the air noise is taken as 20μPa and the underwater noise is taken as 1μPa.

[0101] Octave band with upper frequency f h and the lower frequency f l The logarithm of the ratio is usually expressed with base 2 and units in octaves. The mathematical expression is:

[0102]

[0103] Where n is the octave, , corresponding to 1 / 3 octave, center frequency Frequency band Δf=f h -f l .

[0105] Step S42, calculating the A sound level of the air noise parameter based on the sound pressure level of each frequency band of the air noise parameter and the A-weighted gain corresponding to each frequency band;

[0106] In step S42, the A sound level refers to the sound level measured by the A-weighted network of the sound level meter, in decibels, recorded as dB(A). The A sound level is used to simulate the frequency characteristics of the human ear to low-intensity noise below 55dB, and it can better reflect people's subjective evaluation of noise.

[0107] A sound level L A The calculation formula is as follows:

[0108]

[0109] Where, L pi is the sound pressure level in each frequency band, A i is the A-weighted gain corresponding to each frequency band;

[0110] Step S43: calculating the total sound level of the air noise parameter based on the sound pressure level of each frequency band of the air noise parameter.

[0111] In step S43, the total sound level refers to the total loudness level measurement of the sounds of all frequencies of the composite sound (the sound pressure levels of the sounds of each frequency are added according to a certain rule). The total sound level L po The calculation formula is as follows:

[0112]

[0113] Where, L pi is the sound pressure level in each frequency band.

[0114] In this embodiment, the octave band sound pressure level, A sound level and total sound level of air noise can be calculated by the above calculation method, and the calculation method is simple and easy to implement.

[0115] Based on the above embodiments, in the third embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method of the present invention, the same or similar contents as those of the first embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method can be referred to the above introduction, and will not be repeated in detail later. On this basis, step S50 includes steps S51 to S52:

[0116] Step S51, calculating the acceleration level of the vibration noise parameter based on the effective value of the sound pressure of the vibration noise parameter and the acceleration level reference value;

[0117] In step S51, the acceleration level L a Calculated by the following formula:

[0118]

[0119] In the formula, a is the effective value of the measured sound pressure, a 0 is the acceleration level reference value, take 10 -6 m / s 2 .

[0120] Step S52: Calculate the octave spectrum level of the vibration noise based on the acceleration level.

[0121] In step S52, the mathematical expression of the octave is:

[0122]

[0123] Where n is the octave, , corresponding to 1 / 3 octave, center frequency Frequency band Δf=f h -f l .

[0125] In this embodiment, the acceleration level of the vibration noise parameter and the octave spectrum level of the vibration noise can be calculated through the above calculation method, and the calculation method is simple and easy to implement.

[0126] Based on the above embodiments, in the fourth embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method of the present invention, the same or similar contents as those in the first embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method can be referred to the above introduction, and will not be repeated in detail later. On this basis, step S60 includes steps S61 to S63:

[0127] Step S61, calculating a voltage spectrum of the underwater noise parameter based on the underwater radiation noise time domain signal of the underwater noise parameter, and converting the voltage spectrum of the underwater noise parameter into a sound pressure spectrum;

[0128] In step S61, the voltage spectrum V(f) is calculated as follows:

[0129]

[0130] Where x(t) is the time domain signal of underwater radiated noise received by the hydrophone;

[0131] Then, the hydrophone sensitivity voltage spectrum V(f) (unit: V) is converted into the sound pressure spectrum P(f) (unit: Pa):

[0132]

[0133] Where M(f) is the hydrophone sensitivity value, and its unit is dB re 1V / μPa.

[0134] Step S62, based on the sound pressure spectrum, the octave band sound pressure level of underwater noise is calculated with the spectrum analysis frequency as the octave band center frequency;

[0135] In step S62, the octave band sound pressure level L is calculated by taking the spectrum analysis frequency as the octave center frequency. p (i) 1 / 3 octave band sound pressure level L p (i) as an example, the calculation formula is as follows:

[0136]

[0137] In the formula, f 0 (i) is the center frequency of the i-th 1 / 3 octave band, L p (i) is f 0 (i) is the sound pressure level in the 1 / 3 octave band of the centre frequency.

[0138] Step S63: Calculate the broadband sound pressure level and the sound pressure spectrum level of the underwater noise parameter based on the frequency band sound pressure level of the underwater noise parameter.

[0139] In step S63, the broadband sound pressure level is calculated as follows:

[0140]

[0141] Where, L p is the wide-band sound pressure level, n is the number of octave center frequencies contained in the wide-band, L p (i) is the frequency band sound pressure level;

[0142] The sound pressure spectrum level calculation formula is as follows:

[0143] L ps (i) = L p (i)-10lgΔf(i)

[0144] Where, L ps (i) is the noise sound pressure spectrum level, the reference value is L p(i) is the frequency band sound pressure level, Δf(i) is the bandwidth of the i-th octave center frequency band relative to 1 Hz;

[0145] In this embodiment, the octave-band sound pressure level, broadband sound pressure level and sound pressure spectrum level of underwater noise can be calculated through the above calculation method, and the calculation method is simple and easy to implement.

[0146] Based on the above embodiments, in the fifth embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method of the present invention, the same or similar contents as those in the first embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method can be referred to the above introduction, and will not be repeated in the following. On this basis, the marine environment parameters include distance parameters;

[0147] After step S60, the noise measurement and processing method further includes steps S71 to S74:

[0148] Step S71, calculating the frequency band sound source level of the underwater noise parameter based on the frequency band sound pressure level of the underwater noise parameter and the distance parameter;

[0149] In step S71, the frequency band sound source level calculation formula is as follows:

[0150] L po (i) = L p (i)+20lg(d)

[0151] Where, L po (i) is the frequency band sound source level, Lp(i) is the frequency band sound pressure level, and d is the distance between the hydrophone and the aquaculture platform, in meters. Figure 5 , Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the octave band sound source level of underwater noise.

[0152] Step S72, calculating the broadband sound source level of the underwater noise parameter based on the broadband sound pressure level of the underwater noise parameter and the distance parameter;

[0153] In step S72, the broadband sound source level is calculated as follows:

[0154] L po =L p +20lg(d)

[0155] Where, L po is the broadband sound source level, L p is the broadband sound pressure level, d is the distance from the hydrophone to the aquaculture platform, in meters.

[0156] Step S73, calculating the sound pressure spectrum source level of the underwater noise parameter based on the sound pressure spectrum level of the underwater noise parameter and the distance parameter;

[0157] In step S73, the sound pressure spectrum source level calculation formula is as follows:

[0158] L pso (i) = L ps (i)+20lg(d)

[0159] Where, L pso (i) is the sound pressure spectrum source level, L ps (i) is the sound pressure spectrum level, d is the distance between the hydrophone and the aquaculture platform, in meters. Figure 6 , Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the sound pressure spectrum source level of underwater noise.

[0160] Step S74, performing short-time Fourier transform on the underwater noise parameters to obtain a time-frequency analysis result of the underwater noise.

[0161] In step S74, Fourier transform is used to convert a signal from the time domain to the frequency domain, but Fourier transform cannot provide the frequency information of the signal changing with time. Short-time Fourier transform divides the signal into multiple short, overlapping time windows, and the signal in each window is approximately stationary. Then, Fourier transform is performed on each window respectively, so as to obtain the frequency information of the signal at different times. Its mathematical expression is:

[0162]

[0163] Where x(t) is the time domain signal of underwater radiated noise received by the hydrophone, ω(τ-t) is the window function, and X(τ,f) is the result of time-frequency analysis. Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the time-frequency analysis results of underwater noise. The time-frequency analysis results describe the characteristics of the noise signal at different times and frequencies. The time-frequency diagram is obtained through short-time Fourier transform and shows the changes in the signal in time and frequency. Its horizontal axis represents time, the vertical axis represents frequency, and the color or brightness represents the intensity of the noise signal at different times and frequencies.

[0164] In this embodiment, the frequency band sound source level, broadband sound source level, sound pressure spectrum source level, and time-frequency analysis results of underwater noise parameters can be calculated by the above calculation method, and the calculation method is simple and easy to implement. In addition, by calculating the frequency band sound source level of underwater noise, the radiation intensity of underwater sound source in a certain frequency range is reflected; by calculating the broadband sound source level of underwater noise, the overall radiation intensity of underwater sound source is reflected; by calculating the sound pressure spectrum source level of underwater noise, the radiation intensity of underwater sound source at each frequency and the attenuation of underwater sound source on the propagation path are reflected; by performing short-time Fourier transform on underwater noise parameters, the time-frequency analysis results of underwater noise are obtained, so as to know the characteristics of underwater noise signal at different time and frequency, and reflect the intensity of underwater noise signal at different time and frequency. In this way, it is achieved to provide more abundant noise analysis results and more comprehensively reflect the underwater noise level of offshore aquaculture platforms.

[0165] Based on the above embodiments, in the sixth embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method of the present invention, the same or similar contents as those in the first embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method can be referred to the above introduction, and will not be described in detail later. On this basis, the noise data also includes background noise parameters;

[0166] After step S60, the noise measurement and processing method further includes steps S81 to S85:

[0167] Step S81, calculating the sound pressure level of underwater noise parameters;

[0168] Step S82, calculating the sound pressure level of the background noise parameter, and performing octave processing on the sound pressure level of the background noise parameter to obtain the octave band sound pressure level of the background noise;

[0169] Step S83, calculating the measurement signal-to-noise ratio based on the sound pressure level of the underwater noise parameter and the octave band sound pressure level of the background noise;

[0170] In step S83, the measured signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained by calculating the difference between the sound pressure level of the underwater noise parameter with background noise and the octave band sound pressure level of the background noise. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0171] ΔLp(i)=Lp(i)-Lp b (i)

[0172] Where, ΔL p (i) is the difference between the underwater noise of the aquaculture platform and the background noise expressed by the octave spectrum, L p (i) is the sound pressure level of underwater noise parameters with background noise, L pb (i) is the background noise sound pressure level at the center frequency of the i-th octave band.

[0173] Step S84, if the measured signal-to-noise ratio is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, marking the underwater noise parameter as an invalid parameter;

[0174] In step S84, if the measured signal-to-noise ratio is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, it means that the underwater noise parameter contains too little valid underwater noise information. At this time, the underwater noise parameter is marked as an invalid parameter and the invalid parameter is discarded; wherein, as an optional implementation, the first preset threshold can be set to 3dB.

[0175] Step S85: If the measured signal-to-noise ratio is greater than the first preset threshold and less than the second preset threshold, the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level is corrected based on the wide-band sound source level calculation formula and the background noise parameter to obtain a corrected underwater noise octave band sound pressure level.

[0176] In step S85, if the measured signal-to-noise ratio is greater than the first preset threshold and less than the second preset threshold, it means that the underwater noise parameter contains a certain amount of effective underwater noise information. At this time, correction is required to ensure the accuracy of the underwater noise analysis result obtained by processing. Therefore, the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level is corrected to obtain the corrected underwater noise octave band sound pressure level, thereby accurately reflecting the actual underwater noise analysis situation.

[0177] Among them, based on the calculation formula of broadband sound source level and background noise parameters, the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level is corrected. The mathematical expression of the corrected underwater noise octave band sound pressure level is as follows:

[0178]

[0179] Where L' p (i) is the sound pressure level of the aquaculture platform under test after background noise correction in the octave band. This formula is only applicable when the measured signal-to-noise ratio is greater than the first preset threshold and less than the second preset threshold.

[0180] In addition, as an optional implementation, the second preset threshold may be set to 10 dB.

[0181] In addition, it should be noted that if the measured signal-to-noise ratio is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, it means that the effective underwater noise content in the underwater noise parameter is relatively high and can be directly used for analysis without correction.

[0182] In this embodiment, the measurement signal-to-noise ratio is calculated by using the sound pressure level of the underwater noise parameter and the background noise octave sound pressure level, so as to compare the measurement signal-to-noise ratio with the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold to know how much background noise the underwater noise parameter contains. If the measurement signal-to-noise ratio is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, the underwater noise parameter is marked as an invalid parameter and the invalid parameter is discarded; if the measurement signal-to-noise ratio is greater than the first preset threshold and less than the second preset threshold, correction is required to ensure the accuracy of the underwater noise analysis result obtained by processing, therefore, the underwater noise octave sound pressure level is corrected to obtain the corrected underwater noise octave sound pressure level, so as to accurately reflect the real underwater noise analysis situation. If the measurement signal-to-noise ratio is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the underwater noise parameter can be directly used for analysis without correction. In this way, the problem that the underwater noise is mixed with too much background noise, resulting in unreliable underwater noise parameters, can be solved.

[0183] Based on the above embodiments, in the seventh embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method of the present invention, the same or similar contents as those in the first embodiment of the noise measurement and processing method can be referred to the above introduction, and will not be repeated later. On this basis, after step S60, the noise measurement and processing method further includes steps S91 to S96:

[0184] Step S91, evaluating the air noise based on the air noise octave band sound pressure level, A sound level and total sound level to obtain an air noise evaluation level;

[0185] Step S92: if the air noise evaluation level is greater than the first level threshold, a first prompt message is output; wherein the first prompt message is used to prompt that a sound absorbing material is provided on the structural surface of the offshore aquaculture platform, and / or a muffler is installed on the sound generating device of the offshore aquaculture platform;

[0186] It should be noted that the first prompt message is used to prompt the installation of sound-absorbing materials on the structural surface of the offshore aquaculture platform and / or the installation of silencers on the sound-generating equipment of the offshore aquaculture platform. Sound-absorbing materials mainly include fibers, particles and foams, etc., which are suitable for solving high-frequency noise problems. For low-frequency sounds, the resonance sound absorption principle can be used for absorption. Please refer to Figure 8 The main working principle of sound-absorbing materials is to reasonably design the natural frequency of the sound-absorbing material structure so that it is the same or close to the sound wave frequency of air noise, thereby causing resonance, causing noise energy loss, and achieving the purpose of reducing air noise.

[0187] In addition, by installing a silencer, the air noise can be controlled from propagating outward through the pipe, and the air noise can also be reduced. Mufflers are usually installed on diesel engine intake and exhaust systems and air conditioning and ventilation equipment. Commonly used silencer devices mainly include resistive silencers, reactive silencers and impedance composite silencers. Resistive silencers have a better silencing effect on medium and high frequency noise, but a poor silencing effect on low frequency; reactive silencers are suitable for eliminating medium and low frequency noise; impedance composite silencers have good compatibility with low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency noise reduction effects. For example, fan silencers are usually impedance silencers, which maximize the widening of the silencing frequency band.

[0188] Step S93, evaluating the vibration noise based on the vibration noise acceleration level and the octave spectrum level to obtain a vibration noise evaluation level;

[0189] Step S94: if the vibration noise evaluation level is greater than the second level threshold, a second prompt message is output; wherein the second prompt message is used to prompt the mechanical equipment generating noise on the offshore aquaculture platform to be subjected to vibration reduction and isolation treatment;

[0190] It should be noted that, according to the mechanism of structural vibration noise generation, vibration reduction and isolation treatment of noise-generating mechanical equipment, or modification of certain components of offshore aquaculture platforms, can change the mechanical properties of these components, reduce the transmission of mechanical equipment vibration to other areas, and thus achieve the purpose of reducing structural noise. Fig. 9 For vibration isolation treatment, the vibration source can be isolated to minimize the amount of vibration transmitted to the outside; or the vibration transmission path can be cut off, such as by adding a vibration isolation barrier on the vibration transmission path; for vibration reduction treatment, a vibration reduction device can be installed at the bottom of the vibrated object to reduce the energy transmitted to the vibrated system.

[0191] Step S95, evaluating the underwater noise based on the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level, broadband sound pressure level and sound pressure spectrum level to obtain an underwater noise evaluation level;

[0192] Step S96, if the underwater noise assessment level is greater than the third level threshold, a third prompt message is output; wherein the third prompt message is used to prompt the installation of damping equipment on the offshore aquaculture platform, and / or the trimming of the protrusions of the offshore aquaculture platform so that the protrusions of the offshore aquaculture platform reach the expected smoothness.

[0193] It should be noted that by adding damping control measures, the damping of the structure is increased to reduce the energy dissipation noise; or by trimming the protrusions of the offshore aquaculture platform to achieve the expected smoothness, the protrusions of the offshore aquaculture platform can ensure good surface linearity and smoothness, avoid inducing fluid pressure fluctuations to arouse local structural resonance and wake flow to produce disturbing effects on the rear structure of the offshore aquaculture platform, thereby reducing underwater noise.

[0194] In an embodiment of the present invention, by evaluating air noise, vibration noise and underwater noise based on the analysis results of various types of noise, the air noise, vibration noise and underwater noise are respectively evaluated to obtain an air noise evaluation level, a vibration noise evaluation level and an underwater noise evaluation level, and the air noise evaluation level is compared with the first level threshold to determine whether it is necessary to output a first prompt message; the vibration noise evaluation level is compared with the second level threshold to determine whether it is necessary to output a second prompt message; the underwater noise evaluation level is compared with the third level threshold to determine whether it is necessary to output a third prompt message; and the first prompt message, the second prompt message and the third prompt message can prompt noise reduction processing solutions for different noise types, so that it is convenient for the staff to take corresponding noise reduction measures according to the prompt message, thereby achieving the effect of effectively reducing the air noise, vibration noise and underwater noise of the offshore aquaculture platform.

[0195] The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A noise measurement and processing system, characterized in that: Applied to offshore aquaculture platforms, the noise measurement and processing system includes: A noise data measurement module, wherein the noise data measurement module is used to measure the noise data of the offshore aquaculture platform; wherein the noise data includes underwater noise, air noise, and vibration noise; An ocean environment measurement module, the ocean environment measurement module is used to measure ocean environment parameters; wherein the ocean environment parameters include at least one or more of water depth parameters, distance parameters, temperature and salinity parameters, meteorological parameters, and flow rate parameters; A data acquisition and analysis module, wherein the data acquisition and analysis module is respectively communicatively connected with the noise data measurement module and the ocean environment measurement module, and is used to collect the noise data and the ocean environment parameters, and derive the layout points and measurement conditions of the noise data measurement module based on the ocean environment parameters, and perform noise processing and analysis on the noise data.

2. The noise measurement and processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The noise data measurement module includes a hydrophone, a sound level meter and a vibration sensor; the hydrophone, the sound level meter and the vibration sensor are respectively connected to the data acquisition and analysis module for communication; The hydrophone is used to measure the underwater noise of the offshore aquaculture platform; The sound level meter is used to measure the air noise of the offshore aquaculture platform; The vibration sensor is used to measure the structural vibration noise of the offshore aquaculture platform.

3. The noise measurement and processing system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The marine environment measurement module includes a depth sounder, a rangefinder, a CTD measuring instrument, a meteorological instrument and a current meter; the depth sounder, the rangefinder, the CTD measuring instrument, the meteorological instrument and the current meter are respectively connected to the data acquisition and analysis module for communication; The depth sounder is used to measure the water depth of the measurement area to obtain the water depth parameter; The distance meter is used to measure the distance between the measuring point and the offshore aquaculture platform to obtain the distance parameter; The CTD measuring instrument is used to measure the temperature and salinity of water bodies at different depths in the measuring area to obtain a sound velocity profile, so as to obtain the temperature-salinity parameters; The meteorological instrument is used to measure the wind speed, wind direction, temperature and sea conditions in the measurement area and integrate them into the meteorological parameters; The current meter is used to measure the flow velocity at different water layer depths in the measurement area to obtain the flow velocity parameter.

4. A noise measurement and processing method, characterized in that: Applied to offshore aquaculture platforms, the noise measurement and processing method comprises the following steps: Measure the ocean environment and obtain ocean environment parameters; Based on the ocean environment parameters, noise measurement points are obtained; Measuring the noise of the offshore aquaculture platform at the noise measurement point to obtain noise data; wherein the noise data at least includes air noise parameters, vibration noise parameters and underwater noise parameters; Processing the air noise parameters to obtain the air noise octave band sound pressure level, A sound level and total sound level; Processing the vibration noise parameters to obtain the vibration noise acceleration level and octave spectrum level; The underwater noise parameters are processed to obtain the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level, broadband sound pressure level and sound pressure spectrum level.

5. The noise measurement and processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of processing the air noise parameters to obtain the air noise octave band sound pressure level, A sound level and total sound level comprises: Calculating the sound pressure level of the air noise parameter based on the effective value of the sound pressure of the air noise parameter and the reference sound pressure of the air noise, and calculating the octave sound pressure level of the air noise based on the sound pressure level of the air noise parameter; Calculating the A sound level of the air noise parameter based on the sound pressure level of each frequency band of the air noise parameter and the A-weighted gain corresponding to each frequency band; Based on the sound pressure levels of the air noise parameters in each frequency band, the total sound level of the air noise parameters is calculated.

6. The noise measurement and processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of processing the vibration noise parameters to obtain the vibration noise acceleration level and octave spectrum level comprises: Calculating the acceleration level of the vibration noise parameter based on the sound pressure effective value of the vibration noise parameter and the acceleration level reference value; Based on the acceleration level, an octave spectrum level of the vibration noise is calculated.

7. The noise measurement and processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of processing the underwater noise parameters to obtain the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level, broadband sound pressure level and sound pressure spectrum level comprises: Based on the underwater radiated noise time domain signal of the underwater noise parameter, calculating the voltage spectrum of the underwater noise parameter, and converting the voltage spectrum of the underwater noise parameter into a sound pressure spectrum; Based on the sound pressure spectrum, the octave band sound pressure level of the underwater noise is calculated with the spectrum analysis frequency as the octave band center frequency; Based on the frequency band sound pressure level of the underwater noise parameter, a broadband sound pressure level and a sound pressure spectrum level of the underwater noise parameter are calculated.

8. The noise measurement and processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ocean environment parameters include distance parameters; After the step of processing the underwater noise parameters to obtain the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level, broadband sound pressure level and sound pressure spectrum level, the method further includes: Calculating the frequency band sound source level of the underwater noise parameter based on the frequency band sound pressure level of the underwater noise parameter and the distance parameter; Calculating the broadband sound source level of the underwater noise parameter based on the broadband sound pressure level of the underwater noise parameter and the distance parameter; Calculating the sound pressure spectrum source level of the underwater noise parameter based on the sound pressure spectrum level of the underwater noise parameter and the distance parameter; Performing short-time Fourier transform on the underwater noise parameters to obtain a time-frequency analysis result of the underwater noise.

9. The noise measurement and processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The noise data also includes background noise parameters; After the step of processing the underwater noise parameters to obtain the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level, broadband sound pressure level and sound pressure spectrum level, the method further includes: Calculating the sound pressure level of the underwater noise parameter; Calculating the sound pressure level of the background noise parameter, and performing octave processing on the sound pressure level of the background noise parameter to obtain the octave band sound pressure level of the background noise; Calculating a measurement signal-to-noise ratio based on the sound pressure level of the underwater noise parameter and the octave band sound pressure level of the background noise; If the measured signal-to-noise ratio is less than or equal to a first preset threshold, marking the underwater noise parameter as an invalid parameter; If the measured signal-to-noise ratio is greater than the first preset threshold and less than the second preset threshold, the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level is corrected based on the wide-band sound source level calculation formula and the background noise parameter to obtain a corrected underwater noise octave band sound pressure level.

10. The noise measurement and processing method according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that: After the step of processing the underwater noise parameters to obtain the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level, broadband sound pressure level and sound pressure spectrum level, the method further includes: Based on the air noise octave band sound pressure level, the A sound level and the total sound level, the air noise is evaluated to obtain an air noise evaluation level; If the air noise assessment level is greater than a first level threshold, a first prompt message is output; wherein the first prompt message is used to prompt that a sound-absorbing material is provided on the structural surface of the offshore aquaculture platform, and / or a muffler is installed on the sound-generating device of the offshore aquaculture platform; Based on the vibration noise acceleration level and the octave spectrum level, the vibration noise is evaluated to obtain a vibration noise evaluation level; If the vibration noise assessment level is greater than the second level threshold, a second prompt message is output; wherein the second prompt message is used to prompt the mechanical equipment generating noise on the offshore aquaculture platform to be subjected to vibration reduction and isolation treatment; Based on the underwater noise octave band sound pressure level, the broadband sound pressure level and the sound pressure spectrum level, the underwater noise is evaluated to obtain an underwater noise evaluation level; If the underwater noise assessment level is greater than the third level threshold, a third prompt message is output; wherein the third prompt message is used to prompt the installation of damping equipment on the offshore aquaculture platform and / or the trimming of the protrusion of the offshore aquaculture platform so that the protrusion of the offshore aquaculture platform reaches the expected smoothness.

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