A water sampling device for fishery environmental monitoring

Abstract

This invention relates to a water sampling device for fishery environmental monitoring, comprising a mobile carrier, a pull rope, and a counterweight. The mobile carrier is equipped with a winch mechanism for retracting and extending the pull rope. The free end of the pull rope has a cylindrical body open at both ends. Inside the cylindrical body, a sampling tube open at both ends is vertically arranged. The counterweight is located at the lower end of the cylindrical body. A guide rod, penetrating the counterweight, is vertically slidably connected to the central axis of the counterweight. A bottom-contact plate is located at the lower end of the guide rod. An upper soft sealing plug of the same length as the sampling tube is located at the upper end of the guide rod. A lower soft sealing plug, fixedly connected to the guide rod, is located below the upper soft sealing plug. Limiting plates are respectively provided at the upper end of the upper soft sealing plug and the lower end of the lower soft sealing plug. This invention effectively solves the problem that the counterweight stirs up muddy water when it touches the bottom, affecting the quality of the water sample collected by the sampling tube.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water sampling technology, and in particular to a water sampling device for fishery environmental monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] The fisheries environment refers to the freshwater, seawater, natural, or artificial aquatic environment suitable for the normal habitation and reproduction of fishery organisms. Its formation factors include not only fishery organisms but also other organisms living in the water, as well as suspended and dissolved substances, the physicochemical properties of the water, bottom topography and sediment, and hydrological and meteorological conditions that affect the fishery aquatic environment. Based on their nature, they can be divided into abiotic environments (physicochemical environment, topography, bottom sediment, and meteorological conditions) and biotic environments (prey organisms, predators, symbiotic organisms, and competitors, etc.). The fisheries environment and fishery organisms interact and influence each other, affecting the survival, development, growth, reproduction, death, replenishment, movement, distribution, and resource abundance or scarcity of fishery organisms. Therefore, the study of the fisheries environment is an indispensable part of exploring the development and utilization of fishery resources.

[0003] With population growth, accelerated industrialization, and increased unsustainable fishing activities, marine ecosystems are facing unprecedented pressure, with problems such as marine resource depletion, biodiversity loss, and marine pollution becoming increasingly severe. Against this backdrop, it is necessary to improve aquaculture efficiency, prevent diseases, optimize resource allocation, protect the ecological environment, and promote biodiversity through fisheries environmental water quality monitoring, providing new solutions for the sustainable development of fisheries. Before water quality testing, it is necessary to sample different water layers in the aquatic environment. Bottom water generally refers to water at a depth of about 2 meters below the riverbed. In current technology, bottom water sampling is usually performed using a bucket sampler. Specifically, a traction rope is attached to the upper end of the bucket sampler, and a weight is suspended from the lower end. The weight of the weight should ensure that the bucket sampler has a certain sinking speed in the water and that it eventually touches the seabed. The method for collecting bottom seawater is as follows: With a sufficiently long tow rope, the weight, water sampler, and other components are first lowered into the water from the boat. Then, the tow rope is released under the weight of the weight and the water sampler until the weight touches the bottom (this is generally determined by whether the tow rope is completely slack above the water surface). The water sampler is then lifted using the tow rope. This method has the following drawbacks: the weight stirring up mud and debris upon hitting the bottom affects the quality of the collected water sample, especially when the riverbed is soft mud. In such cases, the weight stirring up a large amount of muddy water further impacts the quality of the collected sample. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a water sample collection device for fishery environmental monitoring, which can solve the problem in the prior art where the heavy hammer stirs up mud and debris after hitting the bottom, thus affecting the quality of the collected water sample.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a water sampling device for fishery environmental monitoring, comprising a mobile carrier, a pull rope, and a counterweight. The mobile carrier is equipped with a winch mechanism for retracting and extending the pull rope. The free end of the pull rope is provided with a cylinder open at both ends. Inside the cylinder, a sampling tube open at both ends is vertically arranged. The counterweight is located at the lower end of the cylinder. A guide rod is vertically slidably connected through the counterweight at its central axis. A bottom contact plate is provided at the lower end of the guide rod. The upper end of the force rod is equipped with an upper soft sealing plug of the same length as the sampling tube. Below the upper soft sealing plug is a lower soft sealing plug that is fixedly connected to the force rod. Limiting plates are respectively provided at the upper end of the upper soft sealing plug and the lower end of the lower soft sealing plug. In use, the bottom plate contacts the riverbed, and the force rod moves upward, causing the upper and lower soft sealing plugs to move upward. After the water sample from the bottom of the aquatic environment enters the sampling tube from the lower part, the upper and lower soft sealing plugs seal both ends of the sampling tube.

[0006] Preferably, the lower side wall of the cylinder is provided with a plurality of clearance grooves in an annular array. A sealing plate is provided above the clearance grooves. A guide cylinder for the guide rod to pass through is provided at the central axis of the sealing plate. A plurality of hinge rods passing through the corresponding clearance grooves are hinged to the outer wall of the guide cylinder. A flow-blocking cloth is provided on the hinge rod. A drive ring located below the sealing plate is provided on the guide rod. A plurality of connecting rods are hinged to the outer wall of the drive ring. The other end of each connecting rod is hinged to a corresponding hinge rod.

[0007] Preferably, a negative pressure component is provided at the lower part of the counterweight, the negative pressure component includes a guide hole that vertically penetrates the counterweight, and a guide rod that is slidably connected to the guide hole is provided on the bottom plate.

[0008] Preferably, the negative pressure assembly further includes a piston chamber coaxial with the guide hole, and a piston that is fixedly connected to the guide rod is slidably connected inside the piston chamber.

[0009] Preferably, the negative pressure component ring array is provided with multiple sets.

[0010] Preferably, the counterweight has a through hole at its central axis for the guide rod to pass through, a transmission cavity is formed on one side of the through hole, a gear is rotatably connected inside the transmission cavity, the guide rod is provided with teeth that match the gear, a check cavity is formed on one side of the transmission cavity, a slider is slidably connected inside the check cavity, an elastic element is provided between the slider and the side wall of the check cavity, the slider is provided with a check pawl to prevent the gear from rotating in reverse, an insertion hole is formed on the side wall of the counterweight, and a "T"-shaped rod is also provided on the slider to pass through the counterweight, and an insertion rod is provided at the end of the "T"-shaped rod to be inserted into the insertion hole.

[0011] Preferably, the opening of the insertion hole is provided with a constricted portion, and the insertion rod is provided with a limit ring.

[0012] Preferably, the hoisting mechanism includes a U-shaped frame mounted on a moving carrier, with a winding roller rotatably connected between the two side walls of the U-shaped frame, the pull rope wound around the winding roller, and a drive unit with an output end fixedly connected to the winding roller provided on the side wall of the U-shaped frame.

[0013] Compared to existing technologies, this invention utilizes a combination of a moving carrier, a pull rope, a counterweight, a winch mechanism, a cylinder, a sampling cylinder, a guide rod, a bottom plate, an upper soft sealing plug, a lower soft sealing plug, and a limiting plate. Initially, the upper soft sealing plug is fully inserted into the sampling cylinder to seal it, preventing water samples from entering during descent and improving sampling quality. The moving carrier moves the device to the area to be sampled, and the winch mechanism releases the counterweight via the pull rope. Once the bottom plate contacts the riverbed, the counterweight drives the cylinder to continue moving downwards. As the sampling tube moves downward relative to the guide rod, water samples are collected from the lower end of the tube until it connects with the lower soft sealing plug. The upper end of the tube remains connected to the upper soft sealing plug, thus sealing both ends of the tube. When the counterweight contacts the riverbed, water sampling is complete, preventing muddy water stirred up by the counterweight from entering the sampling tube. This effectively solves the problem of muddy water being stirred up when the counterweight touches the bottom, which affects the quality of the water samples collected. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the initial front sectional view of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the main view structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of the sampling state of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main view structure of the sampling state of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0019] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the BB direction.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Moving carrier; 2. Pull rope; 3. Counterweight; 4. Cylinder; 5. Sampling cylinder; 6. Guide rod; 7. Bottom plate; 8. Upper soft sealing plug; 9. Lower soft sealing plug; 10. Limiting plate; 11. Clearance groove; 12. Sealing plate; 13. Guide cylinder; 14. Hinge rod; 15. Flow-blocking cloth; 16. Drive ring; 17. Connecting rod; 18. Piston chamber; 19. Piston; 20. Through hole; 21. Transmission chamber; 22. Guide hole; 23. Guide rod; 24. Gear; 25. Tooth; 26. Check cavity; 27. Slider; 28. Check claw; 29. ​​"T" shaped rod; 30. Insertion hole; 31. Insertion rod; 32. Narrowing part; 33. Limiting ring; 34. Elastic element; 35. "U" shaped frame; 36. Winding roller; 37. Drive unit. Detailed Implementation

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the technical solution of this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0022] like Figures 1-6 As shown, a water sampling device for fishery environmental monitoring includes a mobile carrier 1, a pull rope 2, and a counterweight 3. The mobile carrier 1 is equipped with a winch mechanism for retracting and extending the pull rope 2. A cylindrical body 4 with openings at both ends is located at the free end of the pull rope 2. A sampling tube 5 with openings at both ends is vertically arranged inside the cylindrical body 4. The counterweight 3 is located at the lower end of the cylindrical body 4. A guide rod 6, penetrating the counterweight 3, is vertically slidably connected at the central axis of the counterweight 3. A bottom plate 7 is located at the lower end of the guide rod 6, and a section of length equal to that of the sampling tube 5 is located at the upper end of the guide rod 6. The same upper soft sealing plug 8 is provided below the upper soft sealing plug 8 and is fixedly connected to the guide rod 6. Limiting plates 10 are respectively provided at the upper end of the upper soft sealing plug 8 and the lower end of the lower soft sealing plug 9. When in use, the bottom plate 7 contacts the riverbed, and the guide rod 6 moves upward, driving the upper soft sealing plug 8 and the lower soft sealing plug 9 to move upward. After the water sample from the bottom of the aquatic environment enters the sampling tube 5 from the lower part of the sampling tube 5, the upper soft sealing plug 8 and the lower soft sealing plug 9 seal the two ends of the sampling tube 5 respectively.

[0023] Preferably, the mobile carrier 1 is a drone or a ship, which is suitable for water sample collection in complex aquatic environments.

[0024] In actual use, in the initial state, the upper soft sealing plug 8 is fully inserted into the sampling tube 5 to seal it, which helps to prevent water samples from entering the sampling tube 5 during its descent and improves the sampling quality. The moving carrier 1 moves the device to the water area to be sampled. The winch mechanism releases the counterweight 3 through the pull rope 2. When the bottom plate 7 contacts the riverbed, the counterweight 3 drives the tube 4 to continue moving downward. The sampling tube 5 moves downward relative to the guide rod 6. The water sample is sampled from the lower end of the sampling tube 5 until the lower end of the sampling tube 5 is inserted with the lower soft sealing plug 9. The upper end of the sampling tube 5 does not detach from the upper soft sealing plug 8, so that the upper soft sealing plug 8 and the lower soft sealing plug 9 seal both ends of the sampling tube 5 respectively. When the counterweight 3 contacts the riverbed, the water sample collection has been completed, thus preventing the muddy water stirred up by the counterweight 3 when it contacts the riverbed from entering the sampling tube 5. Then, the device is pulled out by the winch mechanism.

[0025] To improve the quality of the collected water samples, preferably, the lower side wall of the cylinder 4 is provided with a plurality of clearance grooves 11 arranged in a ring array. A sealing plate 12 is provided above the clearance grooves 11. A guide cylinder 13 for the guide rod 6 to pass through is provided at the central axis of the sealing plate 12. A plurality of hinged rods 14 extending from the corresponding clearance grooves 11 are hinged to the outer wall of the guide cylinder 13. A flow-blocking cloth 15 is provided on the hinged rods 14. A drive ring 16 located below the sealing plate 12 is provided on the guide rod 6. The outer wall of the drive ring 16 is hinged to... There are multiple connecting rods 17, and the other end of each connecting rod 17 is hinged to a corresponding hinge rod 14. When the bottom plate 7 contacts the riverbed, as the counterweight 3 drives the cylinder 4 to continue moving downward, the hinge rod 14 gradually expands outward, causing the flow-blocking cloth 15 to extend and form an umbrella-shaped flow-blocking barrier between the sampling cylinder 5 and the counterweight 3. This prevents the mud and water from flowing upward from the flow-blocking barrier, thus isolating the mud and water. At the same time, the sealing plate 12 can prevent the mud and water from flowing from the avoidance groove 11 to the sampling cylinder 5, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the collected water samples.

[0026] To improve the quality of the collected water samples, preferably, a negative pressure assembly is provided at the lower part of the counterweight 3. The negative pressure assembly includes a guide hole 22 that runs vertically through the counterweight 3, and a guide rod 23 that is slidably connected to the guide hole 22 on the bottom plate 7. The negative pressure assembly also includes a piston chamber 18 that is coaxial with the guide hole 22. A piston 19 that is fixedly connected to the guide rod 23 is slidably connected inside the piston chamber 18. The guide rod 23 guides the lifting and lowering of the counterweight 3 through the guide hole 22. In addition, after the bottom plate 7 contacts the riverbed, as the counterweight 3 drives the cylinder 4 to continue to move downward, the piston 19 moves upward, drawing water from below the counterweight 3. A short-term negative pressure zone is generated below the counterweight 3, causing the muddy water to flow into the negative pressure zone and preventing the muddy water from flowing upward and entering the sampling cylinder 5, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the collected water samples.

[0027] In order to improve the quality of the collected water samples, preferably, the negative pressure component is arranged in multiple ring arrays, which is beneficial to increase the negative pressure of the water area below the counterweight 3, improve the drainage effect, and thus improve the quality of the collected water samples.

[0028] To improve the quality of the collected water samples, preferably, a through hole 20 is provided at the central axis of the counterweight 3 for the guide rod 6 to pass through. A transmission cavity 21 is provided on one side of the through hole 20, and a gear 24 is rotatably connected inside the transmission cavity 21. The guide rod 6 is provided with teeth 25 that are adapted to the gear 24. A check cavity 26 is provided on one side of the transmission cavity 21, and a slider 27 is slidably connected inside the check cavity 26. An elastic element 34 is provided between the slider 27 and the side wall of the check cavity 26. A check claw 28 is provided on the slider 27 to prevent the gear 24 from rotating in the opposite direction. An insertion hole 30 is provided on the side wall of the counterweight 3, and a "T"-shaped rod 29 is provided on the slider 27 to pass through the counterweight 3. The end of the "T"-shaped rod 29 is provided with an insertion rod 31 to be inserted into the insertion hole 30. The opening is provided with a constriction section 32, and the insertion rod 31 is provided with a limit ring 33. When the bottom plate 7 contacts the riverbed, the counterweight block 3 drives the cylinder 4 to continue to move downward. Since the guide rod 6 is provided with teeth 25 that are compatible with the gear 24, the gear 24 will rotate. After the upper soft sealing plug 8 and the lower soft sealing plug 9 seal the two ends of the sampling cylinder 5 respectively, the anti-reverse claw 28 is stuck between two adjacent teeth of the gear 24 under the action of the elastic potential energy of the elastic element 34. The gear 24 cannot rotate in the reverse direction, which plays a limiting and fixing role. Therefore, during the process of removing the device from the aquatic environment, the upper soft sealing plug 8 and the lower soft sealing plug 9 will not separate from the sampling cylinder 5 under the action of water pressure, avoiding the mixing of water from other water layers into the water sample, which is conducive to improving the quality of the collected water sample.

[0029] To achieve the purpose of water sampling, preferably, the hoisting mechanism includes a "U"-shaped frame 35 mounted on the mobile carrier 1. A winding roller 36 is rotatably connected between the two side walls of the "U"-shaped frame 35, and the pull rope 2 is wound around the winding roller 36. A drive unit 37 with its output end fixedly connected to the winding roller 36 is provided on the side wall of the "U"-shaped frame 35. The drive unit 37 is preferably a motor. During the sampling process, the drive unit 37 drives the winding roller 36 to rotate in both directions to release or tighten the pull rope 2, thereby realizing the submersion or ascent of the water sampling device.

[0030] Compared to existing technologies, this invention utilizes a combination of a moving carrier 1, a pull rope 2, a counterweight 3, a winch mechanism, a cylinder 4, a sampling cylinder 5, a guide rod 6, a bottom plate 7, an upper soft sealing plug 8, a lower soft sealing plug 9, and a limiting plate 10. Initially, the upper soft sealing plug 8 is fully inserted into the sampling cylinder 5 to seal it, preventing water samples from entering the cylinder during descent and improving sampling quality. The moving carrier 1 moves the device to the water area to be sampled. The winch mechanism releases the counterweight 3 via the pull rope 2. When the bottom plate 7 contacts the riverbed, the counterweight 3 drives the cylinder 4 to continue descending. As the sampling cylinder 5 moves downward relative to the guide rod 6, the water sample enters the sampling cylinder 5 from its lower end until the lower end of the sampling cylinder 5 is inserted into the lower soft sealing plug 9. The upper end of the sampling cylinder 5 does not detach from the upper soft sealing plug 8, so that the upper soft sealing plug 8 and the lower soft sealing plug 9 seal both ends of the sampling cylinder 5 respectively. When the counterweight 3 contacts the riverbed, the water sample collection is completed, thus preventing the mud and water stirred up by the counterweight 3 when it contacts the riverbed from entering the sampling cylinder 5. This effectively solves the problem that the counterweight 3 will stir up mud and water when it touches the bottom, which will affect the quality of the water sample collected by the sampling cylinder 5.

[0031] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water sampling device for fishery environmental monitoring, comprising a mobile carrier (1), a pull rope (2), and a counterweight (3), characterized in that: The mobile carrier (1) is provided with a winch mechanism for winding and unwinding the pull rope (2). The free end of the pull rope (2) is provided with a cylinder (4) with openings at both ends. A sampling cylinder (5) with openings at both ends is vertically arranged inside the cylinder (4). The counterweight (3) is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder (4). A guide rod (6) that passes through the counterweight (3) is vertically slidably connected at the central axis of the counterweight (3). A bottom plate (7) is provided at the lower end of the guide rod (6). An upper soft sealing plug (8) with the same length as the sampling cylinder (5) is provided at the upper end of the guide rod (6). A lower soft sealing plug (9) that is fixedly connected to the guide rod (6) is provided below the upper soft sealing plug (8). Limiting plates (10) are respectively provided at the upper end of the upper soft sealing plug (8) and the lower end of the lower soft sealing plug (9). A negative pressure component is provided at the lower part of the counterweight (3). The negative pressure assembly includes a guide hole (22) that vertically penetrates the counterweight (3) and a piston chamber (18) that is coaxial with the guide hole (22). The bottom plate (7) is provided with a guide rod (23) that is slidably connected to the guide hole (22). The piston chamber (18) is slidably connected to a piston (19) that is fixedly connected to the guide rod (23). When in use, the bottom plate (7) contacts the riverbed, and the guide rod (6) moves upward, causing the upper soft sealing plug (8) and the lower soft sealing plug (9) to move upward. After the water sample from the bottom of the aquatic environment enters the sampling tube (5) from the lower part of the sampling tube (5), the upper soft sealing plug (8) and the lower soft sealing plug (9) seal the two ends of the sampling tube (5) respectively. At the same time, the piston (19) moves upward, extracting the water below the counterweight (3), creating a short-term negative pressure zone below the counterweight (3), and guiding the mud water to flow into the negative pressure zone.

2. The fishery environmental monitoring water sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower side wall of the cylinder (4) is provided with a plurality of clearance grooves (11) arranged in an annular array. A sealing plate (12) is provided above the clearance grooves (11). A guide cylinder (13) for the guide rod (6) to pass through is provided at the central axis of the sealing plate (12). A plurality of hinge rods (14) passing through the corresponding clearance grooves (11) are hinged on the outer wall of the guide cylinder (13). A flow-blocking cloth (15) is provided on the hinge rod (14). A drive ring (16) located below the sealing plate (12) is provided on the guide rod (6). A plurality of connecting rods (17) are hinged on the outer wall of the drive ring (16). The other end of the connecting rod (17) is respectively hinged to the corresponding hinge rod (14).

3. The water sampling device for fishery environmental monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure component ring array is provided in multiple sets.

4. The fishery environmental monitoring water sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight (3) has a through hole (20) at its central axis for the guide rod (6) to pass through. A transmission cavity (21) is provided on one side of the through hole (20). A gear (24) is rotatably connected inside the transmission cavity (21). The guide rod (6) is provided with teeth (25) that are compatible with the gear (24). A check cavity (26) is provided on one side of the transmission cavity (21). A slider (27) is slidably connected inside the check cavity (26). An elastic element (34) is provided between the slider (27) and the side wall of the anti-reverse cavity (26). An anti-reverse claw (28) for preventing the gear (24) from rotating in the opposite direction is provided on the slider (27). An insertion hole (30) is provided on the side wall of the counterweight (3). A "T"-shaped rod (29) that passes through the counterweight (3) is also provided on the slider (27). An insertion rod (31) for inserting into the insertion hole (30) is provided at the end of the "T"-shaped rod (29).

5. The fishery environmental monitoring water sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The opening of the insertion hole (30) is provided with a constricted part (32), and the insertion rod (31) is provided with a limit ring (33).

6. The fishery environmental monitoring water sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hoisting mechanism includes a "U"-shaped frame (35) mounted on a mobile carrier (1), with a winding roller (36) rotatably connected between the two side walls of the "U"-shaped frame (35), and the pull rope (2) wound on the winding roller (36). A drive unit (37) with its output end fixedly connected to the winding roller (36) is provided on the side wall of the "U"-shaped frame (35).

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