Optical fiber communication system based on single-fiber receiving and transmitting integrated optical module

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an optical fiber communication system based on a single-fiber transceiving integrated optical module. The system comprises a ground communication module and an underground communication module, the ground communication module comprises a power supply module, a network controller, a ground signal processing module, a ground logic array module, a ground parallel-to-serial converter, a ground integrated optical module and a ground serial-to-parallel converter; the underground communication module comprises a driving module, an underground signal processing module, an underground logic array module, an underground parallel-to-serial converter, an underground integrated optical module and an underground serial-to-parallel converter. Data transmission between the ground communication module and the underground communication module can be conveniently completed in an optical fiber communication mode, optical fiber communication is achieved, the data transmission rate is effectively increased, the data transmission requirements of large-data-volume transmission instruments such as a high-resolution ultrasonic instrument, an ultrasonic phased array and an underground television are met, and the data transmission efficiency is improved. The problem that large data volume transmission of a logging system is limited is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of well logging technology, and specifically to an optical fiber communication system based on a single-fiber transceiver integrated optical module. Background Art

[0002] In the field of exploration technology such as petroleum and geology, with the development of logging technology, there are more and more means to obtain downhole information, and more and more test parameters. The existing logging methods basically lower the instruments and equipment to the downhole test section, and transmit the data to the ground through a dedicated cable after the test, so as to achieve the technical purpose of real-time monitoring of the downhole or bottom of the well. However, due to the limitation of the transmission rate of the cable, it is unable to meet the large data transmission of high-resolution ultrasonic instruments and ultrasonic phased arrays. At the same time, with the emergence of visual logging instruments such as downhole television, further requirements are put forward for the transmission rate. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide an optical fiber communication system based on a single-fiber transceiver integrated optical module that overcomes the above problems or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0004] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided an optical fiber communication system based on a single-fiber transceiver integrated optical module, comprising: a ground communication module and a downhole communication module;

[0005] The ground communication module includes: a power module, a network controller, a ground signal processing module, a ground logic array module, a ground parallel-to-serial converter, a ground integrated optical module and a ground serial-to-parallel converter;

[0006] The downhole communication module includes: a driving module, a downhole signal processing module, a downhole logic array module, a downhole parallel-to-serial converter, a downhole integrated optical module and a downhole serial-to-parallel converter;

[0007] Among them, the ground signal processing module sends the downlink data to the ground logic array module; the ground logic array module encodes the downlink data and sends it to the ground parallel-to-serial converter; the ground parallel-to-serial converter converts the downlink data into a downlink serial signal and sends it to the ground integrated optical module; the ground integrated optical module converts the downlink serial signal into a downlink optical signal and transmits it to the downhole integrated optical module through the optical fiber, and converts the uplink optical signal transmitted by the downhole integrated optical module received through the optical fiber into an uplink serial signal; the ground serial-to-parallel converter converts the uplink serial signal into an uplink parallel signal; the ground logic array module decodes the uplink parallel signal, determines the uplink data, and sends the uplink data to the ground signal processing module; the ground signal processing module parses the uplink data and performs corresponding processing;

[0008] The downhole integrated optical module converts the downlink optical signal transmitted by the ground integrated optical module received through the optical fiber into a downlink serial signal; the downhole serial-to-parallel converter converts the downlink serial signal into a downlink parallel signal; the downhole logic array module decodes the downlink parallel signal, determines the downlink data, and sends the downlink data to the downhole signal processing module; the downhole signal processing module parses the downlink data, controls the downhole instrument according to the service table information in the downlink data, receives the uplink data through the drive module, and sends the uplink data to the downhole logic array module; the downhole logic array module encodes the uplink data and sends it to the downhole parallel-to-serial converter; the downhole parallel-to-serial converter converts the uplink data into an uplink serial signal, and sends it to the downhole integrated optical module; the downhole integrated optical module converts the uplink serial signal into an uplink optical signal, and transmits it to the ground integrated optical module through the optical fiber.

[0009] Further, the communication phase between the ground communication module and the downhole communication module includes: a communication initialization phase and a normal working phase;

[0010] In the communication initialization phase, check whether the downhole power supply is turned on, check whether the optical link channel is normal, check whether the entire communication link between the ground signal processing module and the downhole signal processing module is working normally, obtain timestamp information from the depth board, synchronize the timestamps of the ground communication module and the downhole communication module, and send the service table information to the downhole signal processing module;

[0011] During the normal working stage, the downhole signal processing module controls the downhole instruments to collect and upload data according to the service table information, receives the issued commands and performs corresponding operations according to the issued commands.

[0012] Furthermore, the ground communication module and the underground communication module complete the state transition through question-and-answer messages.

[0013] Further, the downhole logic array module includes: a channel decoding module, a downhole uplink data processing module, a downhole downlink data processing module, a downhole status query module and a downhole clock reset module;

[0014] Among them, the sending channel in the channel decoding module performs sending control of the response frame, and the receiving channel performs receiving control of the data frame;

[0015] When the uplink data received from the downhole signal processing module reaches a preset quantity threshold, the downhole uplink data processing module encodes the uplink data, controls the encoded uplink data to be sent to the downhole parallel-to-serial converter, and controls the downhole parallel-to-serial converter to send a synchronization code before data conversion for clock recovery;

[0016] The downhole downlink data processing module receives the downlink parallel signal, decodes the downlink parallel signal, determines the downlink data, and sends the downlink data to the downhole signal processing module;

[0017] The downhole status query module sends information corresponding to the working status query command to the downhole signal processing module according to the working status query command sent by the downhole signal processing module;

[0018] The downhole clock reset module generates the clock signals required by each external device on the downhole communication interface board and the power-on reset signal required when the downhole communication interface board is powered on, and generates the clock signals required by the internal modules in the downhole logic array module.

[0019] Furthermore, the channel decoding module is located in the downhole telemetry instrument.

[0020] Furthermore, the downhole uplink data processing module sends the encoded uplink data to the downhole parallel-serial converter through state machine control.

[0021] Further, the downhole signal processing module includes: a communication link control module and a downhole instrument control module;

[0022] Wherein, the communication link control module responds to the state transition information sent by the ground communication module and sends a corresponding feedback message according to the state transition information;

[0023] The downhole instrument control module receives the issued command and forwards the issued command to the corresponding downhole instrument, and controls the downhole instrument to collect and upload data according to the service table information.

[0024] Further, the ground logic array module includes: a ground uplink data processing module, a ground downlink data processing module, a ground status query module and a ground clock reset module;

[0025] When the downlink data received from the ground signal processing module reaches a preset quantity threshold, the ground downlink data processing module encodes the downlink data, controls the encoded downlink data to be sent to the ground parallel-to-serial converter, and controls the ground parallel-to-serial converter to send a synchronization code before data conversion for clock recovery;

[0026] The ground uplink data processing module receives the uplink parallel signal, decodes the uplink parallel signal, determines the uplink data, and sends the uplink data to the ground signal processing module;

[0027] The ground status query module sends information corresponding to the working status query command to the ground signal processing module according to the working status query command sent by the ground signal processing module;

[0028] The ground clock reset module generates the clock signals required by various external devices on the ground communication interface board and the power-on reset signal required when the ground communication interface board is powered on, and generates the clock signals required by the internal modules in the ground logic array module.

[0029] Furthermore, the ground downlink data processing module sends the encoded downlink data to the ground parallel-to-serial converter through state machine control.

[0030] Furthermore, the states of the state machine include: an idle state, a synchronization state, and a data transmission state.

[0031] According to the fiber optic communication system based on a single-fiber integrated transceiver optical module provided in the embodiment of the present application, fiber optic communication technology is introduced into the field of well logging technology. By setting corresponding signal processing modules, logic array modules, parallel-to-serial converters, integrated optical modules, and serial-to-parallel converters in the ground communication module and the downhole communication module, data transmission between the ground communication module and the downhole communication module can be conveniently completed through fiber optic communication, thereby realizing fiber optic communication, effectively improving the data transmission rate, meeting the data transmission requirements of large data transmission instruments such as high-resolution ultrasonic instruments, ultrasonic phased arrays, and downhole televisions, solving the problem of limited large data transmission in the logging system, and optimizing the communication method between the ground and the downhole.

[0032] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the embodiment of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the embodiment of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation method of the embodiment of the present application is listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only used for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the embodiments of the present application. Moreover, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of an optical fiber communication system based on a single-fiber transceiver integrated optical module according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the downhole signal processing module and the downhole logic array module;

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of state transition of an optical fiber communication system is shown;

[0037] Figure 4shows a block diagram of the downhole logic array module;

[0038] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the logic array implementation of the high-speed channel receiving end is shown;

[0039] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of state changes of a state machine is shown;

[0040] Figure 7 Shows the structural block diagram of the ground logic array module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0042] Figure 1 FIG. 1 shows a structural block diagram of an optical fiber communication system based on a single-fiber integrated transceiver optical module according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: a surface communication module 110 and a downhole communication module 120 .

[0043] The surface communication module 110 includes: a power module 111, a network controller 112, a surface signal processing module 113, a surface logic array module 114, a surface parallel-to-serial converter 115, a surface integrated optical module 116, and a surface serial-to-parallel converter 117. The downhole communication module 120 includes: a drive module, a downhole signal processing module 123, a downhole logic array module 124, a downhole parallel-to-serial converter 125, a downhole integrated optical module 126, and a downhole serial-to-parallel converter 127, wherein the drive module includes a downhole bus drive module 121 and a communication drive module 122.

[0044] Among them, the ground signal processing module 113 sends the downlink data to the ground logic array module 114; the ground logic array module 114 encodes the downlink data and sends it to the ground parallel-to-serial converter 115; the ground parallel-to-serial converter 115 converts the downlink data into a downlink serial signal and sends it to the ground integrated optical module 116; the ground integrated optical module 116 converts the downlink serial signal into a downlink optical signal, and transmits it to the downhole integrated optical module 126 through the optical fiber, and converts the uplink optical signal transmitted by the downhole integrated optical module 126 received through the optical fiber into an uplink serial signal; the ground serial-to-parallel converter 117 converts the uplink serial signal into an uplink parallel signal; the ground logic array module 114 decodes the uplink parallel signal, determines the uplink data, and sends the uplink data to the ground signal processing module 113; the ground signal processing module 113 parses the uplink data and performs corresponding processing.

[0045] The downhole integrated optical module 126 converts the downlink optical signal transmitted by the ground integrated optical module 116 received through the optical fiber into a downlink serial signal; the downhole serial-to-parallel converter 127 converts the downlink serial signal into a downlink parallel signal; the downhole logic array module 124 decodes the downlink parallel signal, determines the downlink data, and sends the downlink data to the downhole signal processing module 123; the downhole signal processing module 123 parses the downlink data, controls the downhole instrument according to the service table information in the downlink data, receives the uplink data through the driving module, and sends the uplink data to the downhole logic array module 124; the downhole logic array module 124 encodes the uplink data and sends it to the downhole serial-to-parallel converter 125; the downhole serial-to-parallel converter 125 converts the uplink data into an uplink serial signal, and sends it to the downhole integrated optical module 126; the downhole integrated optical module 126 converts the uplink serial signal into an uplink optical signal, and transmits it to the ground integrated optical module 116 through the optical fiber.

[0046] The ground communication module 110 is connected to the ground host, and the uplink data and downlink data interact with the communication system through the network interface. The ground logic array module 114 mainly controls the conversion of the uplink data and downlink data interfaces. The ground parallel-to-serial converter 115 mainly converts the downlink data into a high-speed serial signal (i.e., a downlink serial signal), and the high-speed serial signal is sent to the ground integrated optical module 116 to complete the conversion of the electrical signal to the optical signal, and the converted downlink optical signal is sent to the downhole communication module 120. The ground serial-to-parallel converter 117 mainly converts the uplink serial signal (i.e., the uplink optical signal is converted by the ground integrated optical module 116 into a differential signal) into a parallel output signal (i.e., an uplink parallel signal).

[0047] For the downhole communication module 120, the downhole logic array module 124 is responsible for demodulating the downhole high-speed bus data and sending it to the downhole signal processing module 123 through the interface. The main function of the downhole signal processing module 123 is to parse the downlink data, which includes the issued commands, service table information, etc., control the downhole instrument according to the service table information, receive the uplink data, and send it to the downhole logic array module 124 after packaging. The downhole logic array module 124 outputs the uplink serial signal through the downhole parallel-to-serial converter 125 after encoding, and sends the uplink serial signal to the downhole integrated optical module 126. The downhole integrated optical module 126 converts the uplink serial signal into an uplink optical signal and sends it to the ground communication module 110. Among them, the connection relationship between the downhole signal processing module 123 and the downhole logic array module 124 can be as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0048] After the optical fiber communication system is powered on, the communication phase between the ground communication module 110 and the downhole communication module 120 includes: a communication initialization phase and a normal working phase. In the communication initialization phase, check whether the downhole power supply is turned on, detect whether the optical link channel is normal, detect whether the entire communication link between the ground signal processing module and the downhole signal processing module is working normally, obtain timestamp information from the depth board, synchronize the timestamps of the ground communication module and the downhole communication module, and send the service table information to the downhole signal processing module; in the normal working phase, the downhole signal processing module controls the downhole instrument to collect and upload data according to the service table information, receives the issued command and performs corresponding operations according to the issued command. Specifically, the communication initialization phase and the normal working phase are divided into 6 states, among which states 1 to 5 are communication initialization states, and state 6 is a normal working state.

[0049] The surface communication module 110 is a master control module, and the downhole communication module 120 is a slave module. The surface communication module 110 and the downhole communication module 120 complete the state conversion through question-and-answer messages. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the state transition of the optical fiber communication system is shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, it includes 6 states.

[0050] 1) State 1

[0051] The purpose of this status is to check whether the underground power supply is turned on and whether the optical link channel is normal.

[0052] This stage is implemented in the ground logic array module and the downhole logic array module. After the ground is powered on, the ground logic array module sends down the synchronization data by controlling the ground parallel-to-serial converter. If the downhole is powered on and works normally, the downhole serial-to-parallel converter receives the data from the ground, the internal controller is locked, and the clock signal is detected at the same time. Then the downhole logic array module starts the downhole parallel-to-serial converter and sends the synchronization data. The ground serial-to-parallel converter receives the synchronization data from the downhole, the internal controller is locked, and the clock signal is detected at the same time.

[0053] At this time, state 1 is completed, and the ground logic array module informs the ground signal processing module through the preset interface that state 1 has been completed. At the same time, the ground logic array module sends a frame of question-and-answer confirmation information to the ground signal processing module. The confirmation message is used to trigger the internal uplink storage interrupt of the ground signal processing module, complete the detection of the preset interface, and complete the interface communication synchronization between the ground logic array module and the ground signal processing module.

[0054] 2) State 2

[0055] The purpose of this state is to detect whether the entire communication link between the ground signal processing module and the downhole signal processing module is working normally.

[0056] The ground signal processing module detects that the preset interface is at a high level and sends a question and answer message in a specific format to the underground. After receiving the question and answer message, the underground signal processing module returns the same message to the ground. When the ground receives the question and answer message, it enters state 3.

[0057] 3) State 3

[0058] This state is getting timestamp information from the depth board.

[0059] The depth board has depth-time stamp pairs, and the depth board will periodically send the depth-time stamp pairs to the ground host. The ground host then queries the depth information corresponding to the timestamp information through the timestamp information contained in the uplink data.

[0060] When a timestamp request is sent to the Deepin board, but no feedback is received after a timeout, it is considered that the Deepin board is not installed. At this time, the system directly jumps to the next state and adds an error message that the timestamp cannot be obtained from the Deepin board in the communication information state.

[0061] 4) State 4

[0062] The purpose of this state is to synchronize the surface and downhole timestamps.

[0063] After the ground completes the timestamp synchronization with the depth plate, a question-and-answer confirmation message is sent to the underground to notify the underground that the timestamp can be updated.

[0064] The surface signal processing module and the downhole signal processing module each maintain a timestamp counter. The surface timestamp completes the synchronization of the timestamps on the surface and the depth board through state 3, and the state 4 completes the synchronization of the timestamps on the surface and the downhole. In this way, the timestamps on the downhole and the depth board are synchronized.

[0065] 5) State 5

[0066] The status is sent by the ground host software to the downhole signal processing module.

[0067] After receiving the service table information, the downhole signal processing module sends a question and answer signal, and the downhole begins to enter the normal working stage. If the surface does not receive the question and answer signal within a timeout, the surface host software is notified and the service table information can be sent again.

[0068] 6) State 6

[0069] This is the normal working state.

[0070] The downhole signal processing module controls the downhole instrument to complete data collection and data transmission according to the received service table information, and receives and sends commands at the same time and completes corresponding operations.

[0071] Under normal working conditions, the ground signal processing module needs to periodically send timestamp requests to the depth board to keep the timestamps of the ground and depth board synchronized. At the same time, the ground also needs to periodically send the current timestamp information to the downhole. After receiving the timestamp information, the downhole timestamp value is updated (the data sending delay needs to be considered, and the delay is obtained through state 4) to keep the timestamps of the downhole and the ground synchronized.

[0072] Figure 4 The structure block diagram of the downhole logic array module is shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the downhole logic array module includes: a channel decoding module, a downhole uplink data processing module, a downhole downlink data processing module, a downhole status query module and a downhole clock reset module.

[0073] The channel decoding module is located in the downhole telemetry instrument. The sending channel in the channel decoding module controls the sending of the response frame, and the receiving channel controls the receiving of the data frame. The channel decoding module can be a high-speed channel decoding module, which is located in the downhole telemetry instrument and has nothing to do with the downhole logging instrument. The logic array function of the link layer of the high-speed channel telemetry instrument is implemented as follows: Figure 5As shown, the main modules are similar to the high-speed channel sending end bus controller, including microcontroller interface, bus data processing, clock management, dual-port memory and other parts, but the functions implemented by the controller are different. The receiving end bus controller receives data frames, sends response frames, and sends the received data to the signal processing module, which is opposite to the overall data processing flow of the logging instrument end bus controller. The microcontroller interface reads the data in the dual-port memory and sends the data to the signal processing chip. The bus data processing module (corresponding to Figure 5 The sending channel in the dotted box in the figure realizes the sending control of the response frame, the receiving channel realizes the receiving control of the data frame, and the bit synchronization clock recovery module realizes the bit synchronization function of the bus data reception. The memory is the same as the bus controller memory at the logging instrument end, and the memory here is used to cache the received data.

[0074] When the uplink data received from the downhole signal processing module reaches a preset quantity threshold, the downhole uplink data processing module encodes the uplink data, controls the encoded uplink data to be sent to the downhole parallel-to-serial converter, and controls the downhole parallel-to-serial converter to send a synchronization code before data conversion for clock recovery. Among them, the downhole uplink data processing module receives the uplink data sent by the downhole signal processing module, and when the data storage reaches a preset quantity threshold, encodes the uplink data, controls the encoded uplink data to be sent to the downhole parallel-to-serial converter, and the downhole parallel-to-serial converter converts the uplink data into a high-speed serial signal, which is finally sent to the downhole integrated optical module. The downhole uplink data processing module also controls the downhole parallel-to-serial converter to send a synchronization code before data conversion to ensure that the receiving end can recover the clock so that the receiving end receives the correct data.

[0075] like Figure 4 As shown, the downhole uplink data processing module receives the uplink data, stores the received uplink data in the internal memory through the data storage control submodule, and sends the memory storage status and data input status information to the data output control submodule. When the data output control submodule detects that it is necessary to read the data in the memory for data transmission, the downhole parallel-to-serial converter first outputs the synchronization codeword signal. After the codeword is output, the memory data is read, and the data is encoded and sent to the downhole parallel-to-serial converter. Optionally, in addition to storing the received data in the memory and registering the current data storage status of the memory, the data storage control submodule needs to monitor whether there is continuous data. If no data is sent in a certain period of time, data transmission can be started regardless of whether enough data has been stored in the memory.

[0076] The downhole uplink data processing module sends the encoded uplink data to the downhole parallel-serial converter through the state machine control. The state of the state machine includes: idle state, synchronization state and data transmission state. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the state change of the state machine is shown in FIG. Figure 6As shown, it is in an idle state in the initial state or when there is no data to be sent. In this state, data sending is turned off, the power consumption of the underground integrated optical module is reduced, and the working time of the underground integrated optical module at high temperature is increased; when data needs to be sent, it enters the synchronous state, so that the underground parallel-to-serial converter enters the synchronous operation mode, ensuring that the serial-to-parallel converter at the receiving end can be locked to receive data; after sending the synchronous template data, it enters the data transmission state, at which time the data can be sent to the underground parallel-to-serial converter, and after the data is sent, it enters the idle state again.

[0077] The downhole downlink data processing module receives the downlink parallel signal, decodes the downlink parallel signal, determines the downlink data, and sends the downlink data to the downhole signal processing module. The downhole downlink data processing module mainly receives the downlink data and sends the data to the downhole signal processing module, which parses the data and performs corresponding processing. Figure 4 As shown, the specific processing flow is as follows: after the serial-to-parallel converter state control submodule is powered on, it provides a reference clock for the downhole serial-to-parallel converter. The downhole serial-to-parallel converter detects the synchronization template data of the received signal, completes the internal lock, and reads the data on the parallel bus. The valid data detection submodule is used to detect the validity of the bus data. When the data is valid, it generates a memory write enable and write address signal, decodes the data, and stores the data in the memory. When the memory stores a certain amount of data or has no valid data, the memory data can be sent to the downhole signal processing module through the data reading control submodule.

[0078] The downhole status query module sends the information corresponding to the working status query command to the downhole signal processing module according to the working status query command sent by the downhole signal processing module. Specifically, the downhole status query module receives the internal working status query command of the logic array sent by the downhole signal processing module, and then transmits the information corresponding to the command to the downhole signal processing module.

[0079] The downhole clock reset module generates the clock signals required by each external device on the downhole communication interface board and the power-on reset signal required when the downhole communication interface board is powered on, and generates the clock signals required by the internal modules in the downhole logic array module. Specifically, the downhole clock reset module is used to generate the clock signals required by each external device on the entire downhole communication interface board and the clock signals required by the internal modules of the downhole logic array module, such as the external clock of the downhole signal processing module, the downhole parallel-to-serial converter and the downhole serial-to-parallel converter clock, the internal clock of the logic array, etc. The downhole clock reset module is also used to generate a power-on reset signal. When the downhole communication interface board is powered on, in order to ensure that the power supply is stable before starting normal operation, it needs to be reset for at least 1 second after power-on. The reset objects include the internal logic of the logic array, the downhole signal processing module, the downhole parallel-to-serial converter and the downhole serial-to-parallel converter, etc.

[0080] Specifically, the downhole signal processing module includes: a communication link control module and a downhole instrument control module; wherein, the communication link control module responds to the state transition information sent by the ground communication module after power-on, and sends a corresponding feedback message according to the state transition information to ensure that each function is in a normal working state after normal operation; the downhole instrument control module receives the issued command and forwards the issued command to the corresponding downhole instrument, controls the downhole instrument to collect and upload data according to the service table information, receives the uploaded data and sends it to the communication module after processing, and then transfers it to the ground for display, processing, storage, etc.

[0081] Figure 7 The structure diagram of the ground logic array module is shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the ground logic array module includes: a ground uplink data processing module, a ground downlink data processing module, a ground status query module and a ground clock reset module.

[0082] When the downlink data received from the ground signal processing module reaches a preset threshold, the ground downlink data processing module encodes the downlink data, controls the encoded downlink data to be sent to the ground parallel-to-serial converter, and controls the ground parallel-to-serial converter to send a synchronization code before data conversion for clock recovery.

[0083] The ground downlink data processing module receives the downlink data sent by the ground signal processing module. When the data storage reaches the preset quantity threshold, the downlink data is encoded and the encoded downlink data is sent to the ground parallel-serial converter, which converts the downlink data into a high-speed serial signal and finally sends it to the ground integrated optical module. The ground downlink data processing module controls the ground parallel-serial converter to send a synchronization code before data conversion to ensure that the receiving end can recover the clock so that the receiving end can receive the correct data.

[0084] like Figure 7 As shown, the ground downlink data processing module receives downlink data, stores the received downlink data into the internal memory through the data storage control submodule, and sends the memory storage status and data input status information to the data output control submodule. When the data output control submodule detects that it is necessary to read the data in the memory for data transmission, the synchronization generation submodule first allows the ground parallel-to-serial converter to output the synchronization codeword signal of the synchronization template. After the codeword is output, the memory data is read, the data is encoded, and then sent to the ground parallel-to-serial converter. Optionally, in addition to storing the received data in the memory and registering the current data storage status of the memory, the data storage control submodule needs to monitor whether there is continuous data. If no data is sent in a certain period of time, data transmission can be started regardless of whether enough data has been stored in the memory.

[0085] The ground downlink data processing module sends the encoded downlink data to the ground parallel-to-serial converter through the state machine control. The state of the state machine includes: idle state, synchronization state and data transmission state. Figure 6 As shown, it is in an idle state in the initial state or when there is no data to be sent. In this state, data sending is turned off, the power consumption of the ground integrated optical module is reduced, and the working time of the ground integrated optical module at high temperature is increased; when there is data to be sent, it enters the synchronous state, and the output end sends the synchronous template data to make the ground parallel-to-serial converter enter the synchronous operation mode to ensure that the serial-to-parallel converter at the receiving end can be locked to receive data; after sending the synchronous template data, it enters the data transmission state, at which time the data can be sent to the ground parallel-to-serial converter. After the data is sent, it enters the idle state again.

[0086] The ground uplink data processing module receives the uplink parallel signal, decodes the uplink parallel signal, determines the uplink data, and sends the uplink data to the ground signal processing module. The ground uplink data processing module mainly receives the uplink data and sends the data to the ground signal processing module, which parses the data and performs corresponding processing. Figure 7 As shown, the specific processing flow is as follows: after the serial-to-parallel converter state control submodule is powered on, it provides a reference clock for the ground serial-to-parallel converter. The ground serial-to-parallel converter detects the synchronization template data of the received signal, completes the internal lock, and reads the data on the parallel bus. The valid data detection submodule is used to detect the validity of the bus data. When the data is valid, it generates a memory write enable and write address signal, decodes the data, and stores the data in the memory. When a certain amount of data is stored in the memory or there is no valid data, the memory data can be sent to the ground signal processing module through the data reading control submodule.

[0087] The ground status query module sends the information corresponding to the working status query command to the ground signal processing module according to the working status query command sent by the ground signal processing module. Specifically, the ground status query module receives the internal working status query command of the logic array sent by the ground signal processing module, and then transmits the information corresponding to the command to the ground signal processing module.

[0088] The ground clock reset module generates the clock signals required by each external device on the ground communication interface board and the power-on reset signal required when the ground communication interface board is powered on, and generates the clock signals required by the internal modules in the ground logic array module. Specifically, the ground clock reset module is used to generate the clock signals required by each external device on the entire ground communication board and the clock signals required by the internal modules of the ground logic array module, such as the external clock of the ground signal processing module, the ground parallel-to-serial converter and the ground serial-to-parallel converter clock, the internal clock of the logic array, etc. The ground clock reset module is also used to generate a power-on reset signal. When the ground communication board is powered on, in order to ensure that the power supply is stable before starting normal operation, it needs to be reset for at least 1 second after power-on. The reset objects include the internal logic of the logic array, the ground signal processing module, the ground parallel-to-serial converter and the ground serial-to-parallel converter, etc. The ground communication board has an automatic hard reset function when it is powered on.

[0089] According to the single-fiber integrated optical module for transmitting and receiving provided in the embodiment of the present application, the optical fiber communication technology is introduced into the field of well logging technology. By setting corresponding signal processing modules, logic array modules, parallel-to-serial converters, integrated optical modules and serial-to-parallel converters in the ground communication module and the downhole communication module, data transmission between the ground communication module and the downhole communication module can be conveniently completed through optical fiber communication, thereby realizing optical fiber communication, effectively improving the data transmission rate, meeting the data transmission requirements of large data transmission instruments such as high-resolution ultrasonic instruments, ultrasonic phased arrays and downhole televisions, solving the problem of limited large data transmission in the logging system, and optimizing the communication method between the ground and the downhole.

[0090] The algorithm and display provided herein are not inherently related to any specific computer, virtual system or other equipment. Various general purpose systems can also be used together with the teachings based on this. According to the above description, it is obvious to construct the structure required for this type of system. In addition, the present application embodiment is not directed to any specific programming language yet. It should be understood that various programming languages ​​can be utilized to realize the content of the present application embodiment described herein, and the above description of specific languages ​​is to disclose the best mode of implementation of the present application embodiment.

[0091] In the description provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it is understood that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0092] Similarly, it should be understood that in order to streamline the present disclosure and help understand one or more of the various inventive aspects, in the above description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, the various features of the embodiments of the present application are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, the disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting the following intention: the claimed embodiments of the present application require more features than the features clearly stated in each claim. More specifically, as reflected in the claims below, the inventive aspects are less than all the features of the single embodiment disclosed above. Therefore, the claims following the specific embodiment are hereby explicitly incorporated into the specific embodiment, wherein each claim itself serves as a separate embodiment of the embodiment of the present application.

[0093] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the devices in the embodiments may be adaptively changed and arranged in one or more devices different from the embodiments. The modules or units or components in the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and in addition they may be divided into a plurality of submodules or subunits or subcomponents. Except that at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive, all features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device disclosed in this manner may be combined in any combination. Unless otherwise expressly stated, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstracts and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature providing the same, equivalent or similar purpose.

[0094] In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, the combination of features of different embodiments is meant to be within the scope of the embodiments of the present application and to form different embodiments. For example, in the claims below, any one of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.

[0095] The various component embodiments of the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in hardware, or in software modules running on one or more processors, or in a combination thereof. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that a microprocessor or digital signal processor can be used in practice to implement some or all functions of some or all components according to the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments of the present application can also be implemented as a device or apparatus program (e.g., computer program and computer program product) for executing part or all of the methods described herein. Such a program implementing the embodiments of the present application can be stored on a computer-readable medium, or can have the form of one or more signals. Such a signal can be downloaded from an Internet website, or provided on a carrier signal, or provided in any other form.

[0096] It should be noted that the above embodiments illustrate rather than limit the embodiments of the present application, and that those skilled in the art may design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference symbol between brackets should not be constructed as a limitation to the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "one" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of multiple such elements. The embodiments of the present application may be implemented by means of hardware including several different elements and by means of appropriately programmed computers. In a unit claim that lists several devices, several of these devices may be embodied by the same hardware item. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc. does not indicate any order. These words may be interpreted as names.

Claims

1. An optical fiber communication system based on a single-fiber transceiver integrated optical module, characterized in that: include: Surface communication module and downhole communication module; The ground communication module includes: a power supply module, a network controller, a ground signal processing module, a ground logic array module, a ground parallel-to-serial converter, a ground integrated optical module and a ground serial-to-parallel converter; The downhole communication module includes: a driving module, a downhole signal processing module, a downhole logic array module, a downhole parallel-to-serial converter, a downhole integrated optical module and a downhole serial-to-parallel converter; Wherein, the ground signal processing module sends the downlink data to the ground logic array module; the ground logic array module encodes the downlink data and sends it to the ground parallel-to-serial converter; the ground parallel-to-serial converter converts the downlink data into a downlink serial signal and sends it to the ground integrated optical module; the ground integrated optical module converts the downlink serial signal into a downlink optical signal and transmits it to the downhole integrated optical module through an optical fiber, and converts the uplink optical signal transmitted by the downhole integrated optical module received through the optical fiber into an uplink serial signal; the ground serial-to-parallel converter converts the uplink serial signal into an uplink parallel signal; the ground logic array module decodes the uplink parallel signal, determines the uplink data, and sends the uplink data to the ground signal processing module; the ground signal processing module parses the uplink data and performs corresponding processing; The downhole integrated optical module converts the downlink optical signal transmitted by the ground integrated optical module received through the optical fiber into a downlink serial signal; the downhole serial-to-parallel converter converts the downlink serial signal into a downlink parallel signal; the downhole logic array module decodes the downlink parallel signal, determines the downlink data, and sends the downlink data to the downhole signal processing module; the downhole signal processing module parses the downlink data, controls the downhole instrument according to the service table information in the downlink data, receives the uplink data through the driving module, and sends the uplink data to the downhole logic array module; the downhole logic array module encodes the uplink data and sends it to the downhole parallel-to-serial converter; the downhole parallel-to-serial converter converts the uplink data into an uplink serial signal, and sends it to the downhole integrated optical module; the downhole integrated optical module converts the uplink serial signal into an uplink optical signal, and transmits it to the ground integrated optical module through the optical fiber.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The communication phase between the ground communication module and the downhole communication module includes: a communication initialization phase and a normal working phase; In the communication initialization phase, it is checked whether the downhole power supply is turned on, whether the optical link channel is normal, whether the entire communication link between the ground signal processing module and the downhole signal processing module is working normally, the timestamp information is obtained from the depth board, the timestamps of the ground communication module and the downhole communication module are synchronized, and the service table information is sent to the downhole signal processing module; In the normal working stage, the downhole signal processing module controls the downhole instrument to collect and upload data according to the service table information, receives the issued command and performs corresponding operations according to the issued command.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The surface communication module and the underground communication module complete the state transition through question and answer messages.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The downhole logic array module includes: a channel decoding module, a downhole uplink data processing module, a downhole downlink data processing module, a downhole status query module and a downhole clock reset module; Wherein, the sending channel in the channel decoding module performs sending control of the response frame, and the receiving channel performs receiving control of the data frame; When the uplink data received from the downhole signal processing module reaches a preset quantity threshold, the downhole uplink data processing module encodes the uplink data, controls the encoded uplink data to be sent to the downhole parallel-to-serial converter, and controls the downhole parallel-to-serial converter to send a synchronization code before data conversion for clock recovery; The downhole downlink data processing module receives the downlink parallel signal, decodes the downlink parallel signal, determines the downlink data, and sends the downlink data to the downhole signal processing module; The downhole status query module sends information corresponding to the working status query command to the downhole signal processing module according to the working status query command sent by the downhole signal processing module; The downhole clock reset module generates the clock signal required by each external device on the downhole communication interface board and the power-on reset signal required when the downhole communication interface board is powered on, and generates the clock signal required by the internal module in the downhole logic array module.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The channel decoding module is located in the downhole telemetry instrument.

6. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The downhole uplink data processing module sends the encoded uplink data to the downhole parallel-to-serial converter through state machine control.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The downhole signal processing module includes: a communication link control module and a downhole instrument control module; Wherein, the communication link control module responds to the state transition information sent by the ground communication module, and sends a corresponding feedback message according to the state transition information; The downhole instrument control module receives the issued command and forwards the issued command to the corresponding downhole instrument, and controls the downhole instrument to perform data collection and data upload according to the service table information.

8. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The ground logic array module includes: a ground uplink data processing module, a ground downlink data processing module, a ground status query module and a ground clock reset module; When the downlink data received from the ground signal processing module reaches a preset quantity threshold, the ground downlink data processing module encodes the downlink data, controls the encoded downlink data to be sent to the ground parallel-to-serial converter, and controls the ground parallel-to-serial converter to send a synchronization code before data conversion for clock recovery; The ground uplink data processing module receives the uplink parallel signal, decodes the uplink parallel signal, determines the uplink data, and sends the uplink data to the ground signal processing module; The ground status query module sends information corresponding to the working status query command to the ground signal processing module according to the working status query command sent by the ground signal processing module; The ground clock reset module generates the clock signals required by various external devices on the ground communication interface board and the power-on reset signal required when the ground communication interface board is powered on, and generates the clock signals required by the internal modules in the ground logic array module.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that The ground downlink data processing module sends the encoded downlink data to the ground parallel-to-serial converter through state machine control.

10. The system according to claim 6 or 9, characterized in that: The states of the state machine include: an idle state, a synchronization state and a data transmission state.

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