Corn yield increasing method

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a corn yield increasing method, which belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and is characterized in that planting is carried out according to a normal corn cultivation technology, when corn has a female ear, two leaves below the female ear position are left, and the rest lower live leaves are all picked out, and the measure is commonly known as'trouser removal '. After corn ear pollination is completed, two leaves are reserved on the upper portion (not including leaves at the ear position) of a corn ear, and stems and leaves on the upper portion are all cut off, commonly known as'head removal '. The method is mainly suitable for popularization and application on corn, the effect is obvious, and by means of the method, the yield of the corn can be increased by about 25%; 2, the occurrence of northern corn leaf blight is relieved, and according to tests, the northern corn leaf blight is relieved by more than 80%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to a method for increasing corn yield. Background Art

[0002] At present, it is very difficult to achieve a significant increase in corn production under the existing corn breeding and cultivation technology conditions in my country. In production, the majority of scientific and technological workers focus on the selection of compact varieties, increasing sowing density and increasing fertilizer application, but the increase in corn production is less than 15%. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for increasing corn yield. By adopting the method of "removing the head and pants", the consumption of nutrients by ineffective corn leaves and the shading of functional leaves are reduced, the photosynthetic intensity of functional leaves is enhanced, and a scientific method for increasing corn yield is provided.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for increasing corn yield comprises the following steps: The first step is to sow corn: sow corn at the right time according to local climatic conditions to ensure that the seedlings are complete, uniform and strong; The second step is cultivation management, which involves scientific management of corn to ensure its normal growth; The third step is to "take off the pants" of corn: after the female ear of corn appears, keep the two leaves at the bottom of the female ear and remove all other strong leaves at the bottom; Step 4: Corn "head removal": After the corn ear is fully pollinated, keep the two strong leaves close to the upper part of the ear, and cut off the other leaves, stems and male flowers on the upper part; Step 5. Increased yield of corn plant type after "removing the head and pants": After the above steps 3 and 4, the corn plant maintains 5 strong leaves, with the leaf at the corn ear as the center and 2 strong leaves above and below the ear.

[0005] Furthermore, the cultivation management method in the second step is as follows: 1) Base fertilizer: Apply 50-60 kg of compound fertilizer per mu; 2) Sowing time: The sowing time for spring corn in mountainous areas is from late April to early May; the sowing time for summer corn in plains is from early to mid-June. The sowing period in other areas is determined according to local climatic conditions; 3) Corn varieties: Choose varieties suitable for the local area, with upward-lifting leaves, compact plant shape, and strong resistance to stress; 4) Seeding rate per mu: Determine the planting density according to the instructions of the selected variety; 5) Watering and fertilizing: In dryland spring corn planting, watering and fertilizing should be done every 666.7m before corn ridge closing. 2Use the hoe furrow to apply 10-15kg of urea to a depth of not less than 5cm; when corn is in the trumpet stage, combine watering every 666.7m 2 Apply 15-20kg urea; 6) For plots with irrigation conditions, water well to ensure that the tassels can be pulled out smoothly; 7) Pest and disease control: Take into account the weather and pest and disease forecasts to do a good job in corn pest and disease control.

[0006] According to the growth and development law of corn, the physiological characteristics of photosynthesis and respiration of plants, the leaves at the bottom of the female ear of corn have poor lighting environment, and they are transformed from functional leaves to consumption leaves; after the male flowers (smallpox) shed pollen, the upper leaves of corn lose their original functions, shading the functional leaves above and below the female ear. This affects photosynthesis. The present invention studies the effect of increasing corn yield by removing the number of lower leaves and upper stems and leaves, thereby reducing the consumption of nutrients by ineffective corn leaves. By using the method of "removing the head and pants" of corn, corn yield can generally be increased by about 25%.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The method of the present invention is mainly suitable for promotion and application on corn, and has obvious effect. By using the method, firstly, corn yield can be increased by about 25%; secondly, the occurrence of corn leaf blight can be reduced. According to experiments, the occurrence of corn leaf blight can be reduced by more than 80%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of corn "removing heads and pants" according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to achieve the goal of increasing corn production by removing the old leaves at the bottom of corn plants and cutting off the upper leaves and stems under the existing corn fertilization conditions; the method of the present invention is to plant according to normal corn cultivation technology, and when the female ears of corn appear, two leaves below the female ears are left, and all the remaining lower leaves are removed, which is commonly known as "taking off pants". After the pollination of the female ears of corn is completed, two leaves are left on the upper part of the female ears (excluding the leaves at the female ears), and all the upper stems and leaves are cut off, which is commonly known as "heading". The corn plant retains a high-yield plant type with five strong leaves centered on the female ears.

[0010] Example 1 In 2021, experiments were conducted on 5 acres of dryland corn owned by Shan Jun, a villager of Shanqu Village, Huaitan Township, Fushan County.

[0011] The corn variety Dahuai 88 was planted with a machine hoe on May 3, and 200 kg of compound fertilizer (27:10:5) was applied as base fertilizer, with a rate of 100 kg per 666.7 m 24000 plants, spray herbicides after sowing to seal the field and remove weeds, and seal the corn ridges (late June) every 666.7m 2 11 kg of urea was applied. In mid-July, 2.5 mu of corn was harvested by the "head-removing and trouser-removing" yield-increasing technology, and the harvest was in late September. 2285 kg of corn grains were harvested from 2.5 mu of corn by the "head-removing and trouser-removing" yield-increasing technology, and the incidence of corn leaf spot disease in the field was about 4%; 1786 kg of corn grains were harvested from 2.5 mu of corn by conventional planting technology, and the incidence of corn leaf spot disease in the field was about 47%.

[0012] Example 2 In 2022, experiments will be conducted on 2 acres of summer-sown corn fields at the Humboldt Experimental Base of the Wheat Research Institute of the Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0013] The corn variety Xianyu 1321 was planted with a machine hoe on June 13, and 50 kg of diammonium phosphate compound fertilizer (18:46:0) was applied at 64% base fertilizer per 666.7 m 2 4200 plants, spray herbicides after sowing to seal the field for weed control. In the corn flaring period, 35 kg of urea was applied, and the corn "head-removing and pants-removing" yield-increasing technology was used for 1.0 mu, and the harvest was carried out in mid-October. The "head-removing and pants-removing" yield-increasing technology was used to harvest 873 kg of corn grains from 1.0 mu, and no corn leaf spot disease occurred in the field; the conventional planting technology was used to harvest 651 kg of corn grains from 1.0 mu, and the incidence of corn leaf spot disease in the field was about 11%.

[0014] Example 3 In 2023, the experiment was conducted in the dryland corn field of No. 10, Hongzhai Village, Jiuxian Town, Guxian County (36.120493 north latitude, 112.048150 east longitude, 1070.7 meters above sea level). The corn variety Xinke No. 1 was planted with a machine hoe on April 28, and 200 kg of 27% nitric phosphate fertilizer was applied as base fertilizer, with a 200 kg 27% nitric phosphate fertilizer applied every 666.7 m 2 3980 plants, spray herbicides after sowing to seal the field and remove weeds, and seal the corn ridges (early June) every 666.7m 2 18 kg of urea was applied, and 2.5 mu of the 5 mu field adopted the corn "head-removing and trouser-removing" yield-increasing technology, and the harvest was on October 17. 4352 kg of corn grains were harvested from 5.0 mu using the "head-removing and trouser-removing" yield-increasing technology, and no corn leaf spot disease occurred in the field; 3470 kg of corn grains were harvested from 5.0 mu using conventional planting technology, and the incidence rate of corn leaf spot disease in the field was about 42%.

Claims

1. A method for increasing corn yield, characterized in that: The steps include: The first step is to sow corn: sow corn at the right time according to local climatic conditions to ensure that the seedlings are complete, uniform and strong; The second step is cultivation management, which involves scientific management of corn to ensure its normal growth; The third step is to "take off the pants" of corn: after the female ears of corn appear, keep the two leaves at the bottom of the female ears and remove all other strong leaves at the bottom; Step 4: Corn "head removal": After the corn ear is fully pollinated, keep the two strong leaves close to the upper part of the ear, and cut off the other leaves, stems and male flowers on the upper part; Step 5. Increased yield of corn plant after "removing the head and pants": After the above steps 3 and 4, the corn plant maintains 5 strong leaves, with the leaf at the corn ear as the center and 2 strong leaves above and below the ear.

2. A method for increasing corn yield according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cultivation management methods described in the second step are as follows: 1) Base fertilizer: Apply 50-60 kg of compound fertilizer per mu; 2) Sowing time: The sowing time for spring corn in mountainous areas is from late April to early May; the sowing time for summer corn in plains is from early to mid-June. The sowing period in other areas is determined according to local climatic conditions; 3) Corn varieties: Choose varieties suitable for the local area, with upward-lifting leaves, compact plant shape, and strong resistance to stress; 4) Seeding rate per mu: Determine the planting density according to the instructions of the selected variety; 5) Watering and fertilizing: In dryland spring corn planting, watering and fertilizing should be done every 666.7m before corn ridge closing. 2 Use a hoe to topdress urea 10-15kg, the depth should not be less than 5cm; During the irrigated corn season, water every 666.7m 2 Apply 15-20kg urea; 6) For plots with irrigation conditions, water well to ensure that the tassels can be pulled out smoothly; 7) Pest and disease control: Take into account the weather and pest and disease forecasts to do a good job in corn pest and disease control.

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