Desulfurization and denitrification equipment for metal treatment waste gas

Abstract

The invention relates to metal treatment waste gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment, and aims to provide an efficient and environment-friendly waste gas treatment scheme, in particular to waste gas generated in the metal smelting process. The equipment comprises a gas inlet module, a waste gas pretreatment module, a desulfurization module, a denitration module, a spraying module and the like, a porous calcium-magnesium composite material is adopted as a desulfurization material, an efficient catalytic bed is used for filling a special catalyst, and a high-frequency vibration technology and a pulse spraying device are combined, so that sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in waste gas are efficiently removed. A desulfurization module and a denitration module in the equipment can automatically adjust operation parameters according to the components and temperature of the waste gas, so that high efficiency and stability in the treatment process are ensured. The system has the advantages of being capable of effectively reducing the concentration of harmful substances in waste gas emission, high in desulfurization and denitration efficiency, stable in operation, easy and convenient to maintain, suitable for high-temperature and high-pollution smelting waste gas treatment and good in environmental protection and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and more particularly to a desulfurization and denitrification device for metal treatment waste gas. Background Art

[0003] Traditional desulfurization and denitrification processes mainly include wet desulfurization, dry desulfurization and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitrification. However, these technologies have many shortcomings in practical applications. For example, although wet desulfurization has a high desulfurization efficiency, it is prone to secondary pollution and has high operating costs; dry desulfurization has low reaction activity and is difficult to ensure efficient desulfurization effect under low temperature conditions. The SCR denitrification process requires the use of expensive catalysts and has high requirements for operating temperature and exhaust gas composition, which poses great challenges to the design and maintenance of equipment.

[0004] Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a waste gas treatment equipment based on high-efficiency desulfurization and denitrification materials. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a metal processing waste gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment, which realizes the desulfurization and denitrification of SO2 and NO in the waste gas through an efficient desulfurization and denitrification module combined with a spray cleaning function. X Efficient removal of pollutants while ensuring the green environmental protection and operational stability of the equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution, which mainly includes:

[0007] Metal processing waste gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment, including air intake module, waste gas pretreatment module, desulfurization module, denitrification module, spray module, spray pulse module;

[0008] The air intake module is used to receive the exhaust gas and guide it to the exhaust gas pretreatment module;

[0009] The exhaust gas pretreatment module is used to remove particulate matter in the exhaust gas and adjust the exhaust gas temperature to a suitable reaction temperature range;

[0010] The desulfurization module includes a fixed bed filled with a porous calcium-magnesium composite material for removing SO2 from the exhaust gas;

[0011] The denitration module includes a catalytic bed for removing NO in the exhaust gas through a selective catalytic reduction reaction. X ;

[0012] The spray module is used to further clean the residual pollutants in the exhaust gas.

[0013] Preferably, the exhaust gas pretreatment module comprises a dust collector and a cooler, the dust collector is used to remove solid particles in the exhaust gas, and the cooler is used to control the exhaust gas temperature between 150°C and 350°C.

[0014] Preferably, the porous calcium-magnesium composite material filled in the desulfurization module has the characteristics of large specific surface area and high porosity, which is used to improve the adsorption efficiency of SO2.

[0015] Preferably, the calcium-magnesium ratio of the porous calcium-magnesium composite material is 2:1 to 4:1 to optimize the reaction activity.

[0016] Preferably, the denitration module comprises a catalyst bed filled with an iron-based metal organic framework catalyst (Fe-MOFs) for efficiently reducing NO in the exhaust gas. X .

[0017] Preferably, the catalyst bed is a honeycomb structure, which can provide a larger catalytic surface area.

[0018] Preferably, the spray module includes a spray pipe and a spray head, and the spray head is evenly distributed on the exhaust gas flow path to clean the residual harmful substances in the exhaust gas.

[0019] Preferably, the spray pulse module includes a high-pressure spray device, which can perform pulse cleaning on residual pollutants in the exhaust gas to improve the cleaning efficiency.

[0020] Preferably, the air intake module comprises an inlet duct and a flow control device for controlling the flow of exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas purification device.

[0021] Preferably, the spray pulse module includes a pressure sensor for monitoring the pollutant concentration in the exhaust gas, and automatically starting pulse spray cleaning when the concentration reaches a set threshold.

[0022] It can be seen from the above technical solution that compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) High-efficiency desulfurization and denitrification performance: This application significantly improves the desulfurization and denitrification efficiency of the exhaust gas treatment system by using a porous calcium-magnesium composite material as the core adsorption medium for desulfurization and denitrification. The composite material has a high specific surface area and excellent chemical reaction activity, and can effectively remove sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas in a short reaction time.

[0024] (2) Reduce secondary pollution: The use of high-efficiency desulfurization and denitrification materials and spray module design can significantly reduce the secondary pollution problems common in traditional wet desulfurization processes. The equipment has strong decontamination capabilities and effectively cleans the adsorption materials through the spray system, avoiding the generation of wastewater and secondary pollution.

[0025] (3) Low energy consumption and low cost: Due to the use of porous calcium-magnesium composite materials and optimized catalyst bed design, the denitrification process can be carried out efficiently under low temperature conditions, reducing the demand for high temperature and energy consumption, and reducing the operating costs of the equipment. At the same time, the cheapness and wide availability of the materials themselves further reduce the overall cost of the system.

[0026] (4) High stability and durability: The porous calcium-magnesium composite material has excellent high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance and corrosion resistance, and can maintain long-term stable operation in complex industrial waste gas environments, significantly extending the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the design of the catalytic bed and spray system enables the equipment to maintain high efficiency under a variety of operating conditions.

[0027] (5) Integrated design to improve equipment compactness: This application integrates functions such as desulfurization, denitrification and spray pulse module into one, making the equipment structure more compact, saving floor space, and at the same time improving the system's collaborative efficiency and overall working performance.

[0028] (6) Good adaptability: The equipment design of this application has strong adaptability and can be widely used in waste gas treatment scenarios in multiple industries such as metallurgy, chemical industry, and electric power. Whether it is treating high-concentration waste gas or low-concentration waste gas, it can maintain a high desulfurization and denitrification efficiency.

[0029] (7) Simplify equipment maintenance and management: This equipment uses an automated spray and pulse cleaning system to make internal cleaning of the equipment and regeneration of the catalyst more convenient, greatly reducing the need for manual intervention and regular maintenance, improving the system's automation level, and reducing operation and maintenance costs.

[0030] (8) Significant environmental benefits: The equipment can effectively remove sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from exhaust gas, reducing pollution to the atmospheric environment. It provides industrial enterprises with an exhaust gas treatment solution that conforms to the green production concept, helps achieve environmental protection goals, and promotes the sustainable development of the industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0033] 1-air intake module, 2-exhaust gas pretreatment module, 3-desulfurization module, 4-porous calcium-magnesium composite material, 5-spray module, 6-denitrification module, 7-partition plate, 8-catalytic bed, 9-spray pulse module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] Metal processing waste gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the desulfurization and denitrification equipment for metal processing waste gas realizes effective treatment of the waste gas through the cooperation of multiple modules.

[0037] Exhaust gas enters the intake module (1):

[0038] The exhaust gas first enters the device through the air intake module (1). During this process, the flow rate of the exhaust gas is adjusted, and the air intake module can preliminarily remove large particles of impurities. The air flow sensor set in the device monitors the flow rate in real time to ensure that the exhaust gas flow rate is appropriate.

[0039] The exhaust gas passes through the exhaust gas pretreatment module (2):

[0040] The exhaust gas enters the exhaust gas pretreatment module (2), which is used to further purify the solid particles in the exhaust gas and adjust the temperature. Through the cooling system, the temperature of the exhaust gas is effectively controlled before entering the desulfurization module to ensure the optimal temperature range for the subsequent reaction process.

[0041] The desulfurization module (3) treats waste gas:

[0042] The pre-treated exhaust gas enters the desulfurization module (3). Here, the exhaust gas is treated by a porous calcium-magnesium composite material (4), which has strong adsorption properties and can effectively remove sulfur dioxide (SO2) from the exhaust gas. The high surface area and porous structure of the calcium-magnesium composite material enable it to fully adsorb SO2, thereby reducing the sulfur dioxide content in the exhaust gas.

[0043] The spray module (5) enhances the cleaning effect:

[0044] After passing through the desulfurization module, the exhaust gas enters the spray module (5). This module uses water spray and chemical solution to further remove residual pollutants in the exhaust gas. Through the spray device, high-pressure liquid impacts and cleans the exhaust gas, enhancing the desulfurization effect, while also providing a clean exhaust gas flow for the subsequent denitrification process.

[0045] Denitrification module (6) treats NO in exhaust gas X :

[0046] The treated exhaust gas then enters the denitrification module (6). In this module, the exhaust gas passes through the catalytic bed (8) and comes into contact with the iron-based metal organic framework catalyst (Fe-MOFs), which reacts with nitrogen oxides (NO X ) undergoes a catalytic reaction and is converted into harmless nitrogen and oxygen, thereby effectively removing NO from the exhaust gas. X .

[0047] Spray pulse module (9) pulse cleaning:

[0048] Finally, the exhaust gas passes through the spray pulse module (9). In this module, the pulse spray system uses high-frequency pulse water flow to clean the exhaust gas channel and remove the tiny particles and gaseous pollutants that may remain in the system. The design of this module ensures that the exhaust gas meets environmental emission standards after treatment.

[0049] Through the above steps, this equipment can effectively remove sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NO X ), and achieve harmless emission of waste gas, thereby reducing environmental pollution and meeting strict environmental protection requirements.

[0050] Embodiment 2:

[0051] In this embodiment, the ratio and performance of the porous calcium-magnesium composite material (4) used in the desulfurization module (3) are optimized to improve the desulfurization efficiency and ensure the stability and long-term effectiveness of the equipment under various operating conditions. By combining experimental data with theoretical analysis, the specific optimization scheme is as follows:

[0052] 1. Preparation of calcium-magnesium composite materials:

[0053] The composite material is prepared by the sol-gel method. First, high-purity calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide solutions are selected as precursors and reacted at a specific temperature to alternately deposit calcium salts and magnesium salts to form a composite material with a highly ordered structure. The sol-gel method can effectively increase the specific surface area and pore structure of the material, thereby enhancing its adsorption performance. The ratio of calcium salt to magnesium salt was determined to be 3:1 after multiple experimental optimizations, and this ratio enables the material to achieve the best desulfurization effect.

[0054] 2. Properties of porous calcium-magnesium composite materials:

[0055] The specific surface area of ​​the material is 300m 2 / g, and a porosity of more than 80%. These properties give the calcium-magnesium composite material a larger reaction interface, which can effectively adsorb sulfur dioxide (SO2) in exhaust gas. The pore structure of the material is finely controlled to accommodate more SO2 molecules and accelerate the adsorption reaction.

[0056] 3. Waste gas flow rate and adsorption efficiency:

[0057] In the experiment, the exhaust gas flow rate was set to 1m 3 / min, SO2 concentration is 500ppm (i.e. 500 parts of SO2 per million parts of air). Under this condition, the calcium-magnesium composite material filled in the desulfurization module can achieve an adsorption efficiency of more than 90% in a short time. By adjusting the air flow rate and the contact time of the material, the adsorption efficiency can be further improved, so that the equipment can adapt to different exhaust gas treatment needs.

[0058] 4. Desulfurization efficiency and environmental adaptability:

[0059] Through long-term experiments, it was found that the adsorption efficiency of the calcium-magnesium composite material remained stable during the desulfurization process, and the material could maintain good desulfurization performance even in an environment with a high concentration of SO2. In addition, the stability and high temperature resistance of the material were also verified, and the desulfurization effect remained at a high level even in an environment with large temperature fluctuations.

[0060] 5. Recycling and regeneration:

[0061] In order to improve the economic and sustainable nature of the material, the research also included a regeneration method for the calcium-magnesium composite material. Through proper temperature control and atmosphere regulation, the adsorbed SO2 can be released, allowing the material to be regenerated and reused. This technology greatly reduces the material consumption in the desulfurization process and improves the overall cost-effectiveness of the equipment.

[0062] This embodiment optimizes the preparation method and performance of the calcium-magnesium composite material, so that the desulfurization efficiency of the desulfurization module is significantly improved, which can meet the waste gas treatment requirements under different operating conditions and enhance the economic and environmental performance of the equipment.

[0063] Embodiment 3:

[0064] In this example, the performance of the iron-based metal organic framework catalyst (Fe-MOFs) filled in the catalyst bed (8) was tested in detail to evaluate its performance in removing nitrogen oxides (NO X ) effects. Due to its unique structure and excellent catalytic performance, iron-based metal organic framework catalysts are widely used in treating NO in high-temperature exhaust gas. XHas significant advantages.

[0065] 1. Preparation and characteristics of catalyst:

[0066] The Fe-MOFs catalyst used in this example is prepared by metal organic framework synthesis under high temperature and high pressure conditions. The main component of the catalyst is iron ions (Fe 2+ or Fe 3+ ) is connected with organic ligands (such as phthalic acid) through covalent bonds to form a porous material with a three-dimensional network structure. Its specific surface area reaches 1200m 2 / g, with a wide pore size distribution, which can effectively adsorb NO in exhaust gas X molecules, providing sufficient reaction interface for subsequent catalytic reactions.

[0067] 2. NO X Removal efficiency:

[0068] In this example, the operating temperature of the catalyst bed is set to 200°C, which is the optimal operating temperature range of the catalyst. X The concentration is 500ppm and the air flow rate is 2m 3 / min. The test results show that Fe-MOFs catalyst has a great influence on NO X The removal efficiency is as high as 95%. Specifically, after passing through the catalyst bed, NO X The concentration is effectively reduced to less than 25ppm, far below the emission limit required by environmental protection standards.

[0069] 3. Thermal stability and long-term operation test of catalyst:

[0070] In the long-term operation test, the Fe-MOFs catalyst showed good thermal stability and anti-aging performance. After 1000 hours of continuous operation, the NO X The removal efficiency hardly decreased and remained above 94%, which shows that the catalyst has strong thermal stability and long-term effectiveness, and is suitable for long-term and large-scale industrial applications.

[0071] In addition, by testing the performance of the catalyst at different temperatures, it was found that the Fe-MOFs catalyst can maintain a high catalytic activity in the temperature range of 150°C to 300°C, and its catalytic performance is enhanced when the temperature rises. This makes the catalyst highly adaptable under various operating conditions and can meet the needs of actual industrial waste gas treatment.

[0072] 4. Catalyst anti-poisoning test:

[0073] Since exhaust gas is often accompanied by other components such as sulfur dioxide (SO2) and water vapor, they may poison the catalyst and affect its catalytic effect. This example also tests the anti-poisoning of Fe-MOFs catalyst. The results show that in an exhaust gas environment containing SO2, the NO X The removal efficiency only dropped by about 5%, which is much lower than the poisoning effect of traditional catalysts. This shows that Fe-MOFs catalysts have strong anti-poisoning ability and are suitable for complex exhaust gas environments containing multiple pollutants.

[0074] 5. Catalyst recovery and regeneration:

[0075] In order to improve the economic efficiency of Fe-MOFs catalyst, this example also studies the recovery and regeneration method of the catalyst. The use of appropriate reducing atmosphere and temperature conditions (such as 500°C hydrogen reduction treatment) can effectively restore the catalytic activity of the catalyst, so that it can still maintain a high NO after long-term use. X Removal efficiency. After 10 cycles of use, the removal efficiency of the catalyst remained above 90%, demonstrating its excellent regeneration ability.

[0076] 6. Performance comparison:

[0077] Compared with traditional catalysts (such as V2O5 / TiO2 catalysts), Fe-MOFs catalysts have the following advantages:

[0078] Higher NO X Removal efficiency: The removal efficiency of Fe-MOFs catalysts is as high as over 95%, while traditional catalysts can usually only reach 85% to 90%.

[0079] Long service life: The Fe-MOFs catalyst showed no significant degradation during 1,000 hours of continuous operation, while traditional catalysts may be affected by thermal aging or poisoning after long-term use.

[0080] Strong resistance to poisoning: Fe-MOFs catalysts show stronger resistance to poisoning in the presence of harmful substances such as SO2 and can adapt to complex exhaust gas environments.

[0081] This example verifies the Fe-MOFs catalyst in NO through detailed testing and data analysis. X The high removal efficiency, thermal stability and anti-poisoning ability prove the excellent performance of the catalyst in metal treatment waste gas denitrification and desulfurization equipment, which can significantly improve the treatment efficiency of the equipment and ensure that waste gas emissions meet environmental protection requirements.

[0082] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0083] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. Metal treatment waste gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment, characterized by: It comprises an air intake module (1), an exhaust gas pretreatment module (2), a desulfurization module (3), a denitrification module (6), a spray module (5), and a spray pulse module (9); The air intake module (1) is used to receive the exhaust gas and guide it to the exhaust gas pretreatment module (2); The exhaust gas pretreatment module (2) is used to remove particulate matter in the exhaust gas and adjust the exhaust gas temperature to a suitable reaction temperature range; The desulfurization module (3) comprises a fixed bed filled with a porous calcium-magnesium composite material (4) for removing SO2 from the exhaust gas; The denitration module (6) comprises a catalytic bed (8) for removing NO in the exhaust gas through a selective catalytic reduction reaction. X ; The spray module (5) is used to further clean the residual pollutants in the exhaust gas.

2. The metal processing waste gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust gas pretreatment module (2) comprises a dust collector and a cooler, wherein the dust collector is used to remove solid particles in the exhaust gas, and the cooler is used to control the exhaust gas temperature between 150° C. and 350° C.

3. The metal processing waste gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous calcium-magnesium composite material (4) filled in the desulfurization module (3) has the characteristics of large specific surface area and high porosity, and is used to improve the adsorption efficiency of SO2.

4. The metal processing waste gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The porous calcium-magnesium composite material (4) has a calcium-magnesium ratio of 2:1 to 4:1 to optimize the reaction activity.

5. The metal processing waste gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The denitration module (6) comprises a catalytic bed (8) filled with an iron-based metal organic framework catalyst for efficiently reducing NO in the exhaust gas. X .

6. The metal processing waste gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The catalytic bed (8) is a honeycomb structure, which can provide a larger catalytic surface area.

7. The metal processing waste gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray module (5) comprises a spray pipe and a spray head, and the spray heads are evenly distributed on the exhaust gas flow path and are used to clean residual harmful substances in the exhaust gas.

8. The metal processing waste gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spray pulse module (9) comprises a high-pressure spray device, which can perform pulse cleaning on residual pollutants in the exhaust gas to improve the cleaning efficiency.

9. The metal processing waste gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake module (1) comprises an inlet conduit and a flow control device, which are used to control the flow of exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas purification device.

10. The metal processing waste gas desulfurization and denitrification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray pulse module (9) comprises a pressure sensor for monitoring the concentration of pollutants in the exhaust gas and automatically starting pulse spray cleaning when the concentration reaches a set threshold.

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