Method for separating bricks and concrete from construction waste

Abstract

This application relates to a method for separating bricks and concrete from construction waste, belonging to the field of construction waste classification technology. The method uses a vibrating feeder to screen crushed construction waste into four particle sizes: a first, a second, a third, and a fourth. The third-size material is crushed and then fed into a screening machine to separate oversize and undersize materials. The oversize material is conveyed to a color sorting module to separate concrete blocks and bricks. The concrete blocks are crushed and then screened to separate the first, second, and third-size particles, which are also in ascending order of particle size. The second and third-size particles are conveyed to the color sorting module to separate concrete blocks and bricks. The bricks are then crushed and screened to separate the fourth, fifth, and sixth-size particles, which are also in ascending order of particle size, and then fed into the color sorting module to separate concrete blocks and bricks. This method can efficiently and accurately separate bricks and concrete from construction waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of construction waste sorting technology, and more specifically, to a method for sorting bricks and concrete in construction waste. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the demand for materials such as sand and gravel in construction projects such as buildings, highways, and railways has remained high. However, long-term mining has led to resource depletion, making the contradiction of a shortage of crushed stone, gravel, and other local materials for the sustainable development of the highway transportation industry increasingly prominent. Therefore, the comprehensive utilization of construction waste to produce recycled materials to replace sand and gravel has become an effective way to solve the shortage of local materials. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for separating bricks and concrete from construction waste, which can efficiently and accurately separate bricks and concrete from construction waste.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for sorting bricks and concrete in construction waste, the method comprising:

[0005] S1: The pre-treated construction waste is conveyed to the vibrating feeder screen via a plate feeder;

[0006] S2: The crushed construction waste is screened into four particle sizes in sequence: first, second, third and fourth, by a vibrating feeder screen.

[0007] S3: The material with the third particle size is crushed and then fed into the screening machine to be screened into oversize and undersize materials;

[0008] S4: The material on the screen is conveyed into the color sorting module via a conveyor to separate concrete blocks and bricks;

[0009] S5: The concrete blocks sorted by the color sorting module in S4 are crushed and then screened to separate the first, second, and third screening materials with successively increasing particle sizes.

[0010] S6: The second screened material is fed into the color sorting module via a conveyor to separate concrete blocks and bricks;

[0011] S7: The third screening material is fed into the color sorting module via a conveyor to separate concrete blocks and bricks;

[0012] S8: The bricks sorted by the color sorting module in S4 are crushed and then screened to separate the fourth, fifth and sixth sieve materials with successively increasing particle sizes.

[0013] S9: The fifth sieved material is fed into the color sorting module via a conveyor to separate concrete blocks and bricks;

[0014] S10: The sixth sieved material is fed into the color sorting module via a conveyor to separate concrete blocks and bricks.

[0015] In an optional implementation, in S1, the pretreatment of construction waste includes: first, using a hydraulic breaker or hydraulic shear to pre-crush the construction waste; then, feeding the pre-crushed construction waste into a jaw crusher for coarse crushing, and then into an impact crusher for medium crushing.

[0016] In an optional implementation, in S2, the first particle size material includes miscellaneous soil with a particle size of 0-20 mm; the second particle size material includes bricks with a particle size of 20-60 mm; the third particle size material includes particles with a particle size of 60-500 mm; and the fourth particle size material includes particles with a particle size greater than 500 mm, which will be returned to the impact crusher for further crushing.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, in S2, the vibrating feeder screen includes a hopper, a vibrator, a screen mesh, damping springs, a support, and a chute; multiple screen meshes are installed on the support from top to bottom, with the aperture of each screen mesh decreasing progressively from top to bottom; the hopper is installed above the screen mesh; the vibrator is installed on the support, and the vibrator includes a motor and an eccentric block connected to the motor; the damping springs are installed below the support; the chute is installed at the output end of the screen mesh to guide the screened material to the designated equipment.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, in S3, the undersize material includes bricks with a particle size of 0-60 mm, and the oversize material includes concrete blocks mixed with bricks with a particle size greater than or equal to 60 mm.

[0019] In an optional implementation, in S3, the screening machine includes a base frame, a housing, a drive motor, a flywheel, and a screen assembly. The housing is movably mounted on the base frame, the drive motor and the flywheel are respectively mounted on both sides of the housing, the drive motor and the flywheel are connected by a shaft, and the screen assembly is mounted inside the housing.

[0020] In an optional implementation, in S4, the color sorting module includes a high-definition camera, a computer system, and a jet system;

[0021] The material passes through the detection area of ​​the color sorting module, where a high-definition camera captures the image information of the material. The computer system processes and analyzes the captured image information to identify materials of different colors. Based on the analysis results of the image information, the computer system controls the action of the jet system. The jet system blows out materials of different colors through directional airflow, which fall into different collection areas or containers.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, in S4, the first sieve material includes concrete blocks with a particle size of 0-10 mm; the second sieve material includes concrete blocks containing bricks with a particle size of 10-20 mm; and the third sieve material includes concrete blocks containing bricks with a particle size of 20-31.5 mm.

[0023] In an optional embodiment, in S8, the fourth sieve material includes bricks with a particle size of 0-10 mm; the fifth sieve material includes bricks containing concrete blocks with a particle size of 10-20 mm; and the sixth sieve material includes bricks containing concrete blocks with a particle size of 20-31.5 mm.

[0024] In an optional implementation, in S9, the fifth sieve material is separated by a color sorting module into concrete blocks with a particle size of 10-20 mm and bricks with a particle size of 10-20 mm.

[0025] In S10, the sixth sieve material is sorted by the color sorting module to separate concrete blocks with a particle size of 20-31.5mm and bricks with a particle size of 20-31.5mm.

[0026] The above technical solution involves multiple crushing and screening of construction waste, and finally using a color sorting module to separate concrete blocks and bricks from the screened material, thereby efficiently and accurately separating bricks and concrete from construction waste.

[0027] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for sorting bricks and concrete in construction waste, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 2 A technical roadmap for a method of separating bricks and concrete from construction waste provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vibrating feeder screen;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the screening machine.

[0033] Figure 5The construction waste to be processed by the method provided in this embodiment;

[0034] Figure 6 These are concrete blocks sorted using the method provided in this embodiment;

[0035] Figure 7 These are the bricks sorted using the method provided in this embodiment.

[0036] Icons: 1-Vibrator; 2-Screen; 3-Support; 4-Base frame; 5-Box; 6-Drive motor; 7-Flywheel; 8-Screen assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inner" and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "setup" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a method for separating bricks and concrete from construction waste (hereinafter referred to as: the method), which includes the following steps:

[0041] S1: The pre-treated construction waste is conveyed to the vibrating feeder screen via a plate feeder.

[0042] Specifically, the pretreatment of construction waste includes: first, using a hydraulic breaker or hydraulic shear to initially crush the construction waste (including large bricks or concrete); then, sending the initially crushed construction waste into a jaw crusher for coarse crushing, and then into an impact crusher for medium crushing.

[0043] S2: The crushed construction waste is screened into four particle sizes: first, second, third, and fourth, by a vibrating feeder screen.

[0044] Specifically, the vibrating feeder screen can classify particles of different sizes into four categories: first-size material, second-size material, third-size material, and fourth-size material. The first-size material mainly includes miscellaneous soil with a particle size of 0-20mm. The second-size material mainly includes bricks with a particle size of 20-60mm; the third-size material mainly includes particles with a particle size of 60-500mm; and the fourth-size material mainly includes particles larger than 500mm. These fourth-size materials are then returned to an impact crusher for further crushing, thus transforming them into the first-size, second-size, or third-size material categories.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 3 The vibrating feeder screen includes a hopper, a vibrator 1, a screen 2, damping springs, a support 3, and a chute. Specifically, the multi-layer screen 2 is installed on the support 3 from top to bottom, with the aperture of each layer decreasing in size. The hopper is installed above the screen 2 to store the material to be screened and guide it to the screen 2. The vibrator 1 is installed on the support 3 and includes a motor and an eccentric block connected to the motor. The motor drives the eccentric block to rotate, thereby causing the support 3 and the screen 2 to vibrate. The damping springs are installed below the support 3 to support the support 3 and the screen 2 and absorb vibration, reducing the impact on the foundation. The chute is installed at the output end of the screen 2 to guide the screened material to the designated equipment.

[0046] Working principle of vibrating feeder screen:

[0047] When the motor starts, it drives the eccentric block to rotate at high speed, generating centrifugal force, which causes vibrator 1 to vibrate. This vibration is transmitted to screen 2 through damping springs, causing screen 2 to vibrate periodically. Material falls evenly from the hopper onto screen 2, and due to the vibration of screen 2, the material moves forward along its surface. During this process, particles smaller than the aperture of screen 2 pass through and fall, while particles larger than the aperture continue to move forward. By using screens 2 with different aperture sizes, material can be graded and screened. Materials of different sizes are separated and discharged separately by the vibrating feeder. The vibration frequency and amplitude of the vibrating feeder can be adjusted to control the feed rate and screening efficiency, ensuring stable operation of downstream equipment.

[0048] S3: The material of the third particle size is crushed and then fed into the screening machine to be screened into oversize and undersize materials.

[0049] Specifically, the material of the third particle size is conveyed into the selective crusher to crush and separate the material, and then transported to the screening machine to be screened into oversize and undersize materials. The undersize material mainly includes bricks with a particle size of 0-60mm, and the oversize material mainly includes concrete blocks with a particle size of 60mm or greater and mixed with a small amount of bricks.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 4 The screening machine includes a base frame 4, a housing 5, a drive motor 6, a flywheel 7, and a screen assembly 8. The housing 5 is movably mounted on the base frame 4. The drive motor 6 and the flywheel 7 are respectively mounted on both sides of the housing 5 to save space. The drive motor 6 and the flywheel 7 are connected by a shaft. The screen assembly 8 is installed inside the housing 5. The drive motor 6 drives the flywheel 7 to rotate, and the flywheel 7 causes the housing 5 and the screen assembly 8 to vibrate, thereby achieving the screening of materials.

[0051] Specifically, the upper part of the screen assembly 8 adopts a cantilevered bar structure, including staggered long and short bars, while the lower part of the screen assembly 8 is a grid screen 2. During operation, the screen assembly 8 vibrates continuously, and the screen surface of the screen assembly 8 forms a 1° angle with the horizontal plane, that is, the screen surface of the screen assembly 8 is in a sloping form, which is conducive to the material falling from the upper part to the lower part of the screen assembly 8. The grid screen 2 is evenly placed in layers from the upper left to the lower right.

[0052] The working principle of the screening machine is as follows:

[0053] The drive motor 6 drives the flywheel 7 to rotate, generating centrifugal force, which causes the screen box and screen assembly 8 to vibrate. Material enters the screen box through the feed inlet, and the vibration causes the material to move on the screen 2, separating materials of different sizes through the apertures of the screen 2. Material smaller than the aperture of the screen 2 falls through the screen 2 and is discharged from the outlet; material larger than the aperture of the screen 2 continues to move forward and is discharged from another outlet.

[0054] To separate bricks with a particle size of 0-60mm and concrete blocks with a particle size greater than or equal to 60mm that contain a small amount of bricks, the following steps can be taken:

[0055] 1) Select the appropriate mesh size for screen 2: First, select screen 2 with a mesh size of 60mm.

[0056] 2) Material feeding: The mixed materials are fed evenly into the feed inlet of the screening machine.

[0057] 3) Screening process:

[0058] Primary screening: The material is divided into two parts by passing through a 60mm sieve 2: material with a particle size of less than 60mm (called undersize) and material with a particle size of greater than or equal to 60mm (called oversize).

[0059] The undersize material with a particle size of less than 60mm (mainly including bricks) falls through screen 2 and is discharged from the lower outlet; the oversize material with a particle size of 60mm or greater (mainly including concrete blocks and a small amount of bricks) is discharged from the front or side outlet.

[0060] S4: The material on the sieve is transported to the color sorting module via a conveyor to separate concrete blocks and bricks.

[0061] The working principle of the color sorting module is as follows:

[0062] 1. Material feeding: The materials to be sorted are evenly fed into the conveyor belt system of the color sorting module.

[0063] 2. Optical inspection: When materials pass through the inspection area of ​​the color sorting module, the high-definition camera in the inspection area will capture the image information of the materials, including the color, shape and size information of the materials.

[0064] 3. Image Processing: The computer system of the color sorting module processes and analyzes the captured image information to identify materials of different colors.

[0065] 4. Classification Instruction: Based on the analysis results of the image information, the computer system of the color sorting module issues instructions to control the action of the jet system of the color sorting module.

[0066] 5. Airflow separation: The jet system uses a directional high-speed airflow to blow out materials of different colors separately, which then fall into different collection areas or containers of the color sorting module.

[0067] S5: The concrete blocks sorted by the color sorting module in S4 are crushed and then screened to produce the first, second, and third screening materials with progressively larger particle sizes.

[0068] Specifically, the concrete blocks sorted by the color sorting module in S4 are transported by belt conveyor to the impact crusher for further crushing and separation, and then screened by a screening machine to separate the first, second, and third screening materials with successively increasing particle sizes.

[0069] The first screening material mainly consists of concrete blocks with a particle size of 0-10 mm.

[0070] The second screening material mainly includes concrete blocks containing bricks with a particle size of 10-20mm.

[0071] The third screening material mainly includes concrete blocks containing bricks with a particle size of 20-31.5 mm.

[0072] S6: The second screened material is fed into the color sorting module via a conveyor to separate concrete blocks and bricks.

[0073] Specifically, the second screening material is separated into concrete blocks and bricks with a particle size of 10-20mm by the color sorting module.

[0074] S7: The third screening material is fed into the color sorting module via a conveyor to separate concrete blocks and bricks.

[0075] Specifically, the third screening material is sorted by the color sorting module to separate concrete blocks with a particle size of 20-31.5mm and bricks with a particle size of 20-31.5mm.

[0076] S8: The bricks sorted by the color sorting module in S4 are crushed and then screened to separate the fourth, fifth and sixth sieve materials with successively increasing particle sizes.

[0077] Specifically, the bricks sorted by the color sorting module in S4 are transported by a belt conveyor to an impact crusher for further crushing and separation, and then screened by a screening machine to produce fourth, fifth, and sixth screening materials with progressively larger particle sizes.

[0078] The fourth sieve material mainly includes bricks with a particle size of 0-10 mm.

[0079] The fifth screening material mainly includes bricks containing concrete blocks with a particle size of 10-20mm.

[0080] The sixth screening material mainly includes bricks containing concrete blocks with a particle size of 20-31.5 mm.

[0081] S9: The fifth sieved material is fed into the color sorting module via a conveyor to separate concrete blocks and bricks.

[0082] Specifically, the fifth screening material is separated into concrete blocks and bricks with a particle size of 10-20mm by the color sorting module.

[0083] S10: The sixth sieved material is fed into the color sorting module via a conveyor to separate concrete blocks and bricks.

[0084] Specifically, the sixth screening material is sorted by the color sorting module to separate concrete blocks with a particle size of 20-31.5mm and bricks with a particle size of 20-31.5mm.

[0085] This completes the efficient separation and sorting of construction waste transfer blocks and concrete blocks.

[0086] Using the method provided in this embodiment, as follows Figure 5 The construction waste shown can be sorted into the following categories after processing: Figure 6The concrete block shown and Figure 7 The bricks shown have a daily processing capacity of 1,200 tons, an hourly processing capacity of 60 tons, and an annual processing capacity of over 300,000 tons.

[0087] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0088] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for separating bricks and concrete from construction waste, characterized in that, The method includes: S1: The pre-treated construction waste is conveyed to the vibrating feeder screen via a plate feeder; S2: The vibrating feed screen separates the crushed construction waste into four particle sizes: a first-size material, a second-size material, a third-size material, and a fourth-size material, all with progressively increasing particle sizes. The first-size material includes soil particles with a diameter of 0-20 mm; the second-size material includes bricks with a diameter of 20-60 mm; the third-size material includes particles with a diameter of 60-500 mm; and the fourth-size material includes particles larger than 500 mm. The fourth-size material is returned to the impact crusher for further crushing. The vibrating feed screen includes a hopper and a vibrating... The device comprises a screen (1), a sieve (2), a damping spring, a support (3), and a chute; the multiple layers of the sieve (2) are installed on the support (3) from top to bottom, and the aperture of the multiple layers of the sieve (2) decreases from top to bottom; the hopper is installed above the sieve (2); the vibrator (1) is installed on the support (3), and the vibrator (1) includes a motor and an eccentric block connected to the motor; the damping spring is installed below the support (3); the chute is installed at the output end of the sieve (2) to guide the screened material to the designated equipment; S3: The material of the third particle size is crushed and then fed into a screening machine to be screened into oversize and undersize. The undersize includes bricks with a particle size of 0-60mm. The oversize includes concrete blocks mixed with bricks with a particle size greater than or equal to 60mm. The screening machine includes a base frame (4), a housing (5), a drive motor (6), a flywheel (7), and a screen assembly (8). The housing (5) is movably installed on the base frame (4). The drive motor (6) and the flywheel (7) are respectively installed on both sides of the housing (5). The drive motor (6) and the flywheel (7) are connected by a shaft. The screen assembly (8) is installed inside the housing (5). S4: The material on the sieve is conveyed into the color sorting module via a conveyor to separate concrete blocks and bricks; S5: The concrete blocks sorted by the color sorting module in S4 are further crushed and then screened to produce a first screened material, a second screened material, and a third screened material with progressively increasing particle size. The first screened material includes concrete blocks with a particle size of 0-10 mm; the second screened material includes concrete blocks containing bricks with a particle size of 10-20 mm; and the third screened material includes concrete blocks containing bricks with a particle size of 20-31.5 mm. S6: The second screened material is fed into the color sorting module via a conveyor to separate concrete blocks and bricks; S7: The third sieved material is fed into the color sorting module via a conveyor to separate concrete blocks and bricks; S8: The bricks sorted by the color sorting module in S4 are further crushed and then screened to produce a fourth, fifth, and sixth sieve material with progressively increasing particle sizes. The fourth sieve material includes bricks with a particle size of 0-10 mm; the fifth sieve material includes bricks containing concrete blocks with a particle size of 10-20 mm; and the sixth sieve material includes bricks containing concrete blocks with a particle size of 20-31.5 mm. S9: The fifth sieved material is fed into the color sorting module via a conveyor to separate concrete blocks and bricks; S10: The sixth sieved material is fed into the color sorting module via a conveyor to separate concrete blocks and bricks.

2. The method for separating bricks and concrete from construction waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the pretreatment of construction waste includes: first, using a hydraulic breaker or hydraulic shear to initially crush the construction waste; then, sending the initially crushed construction waste into a jaw crusher for coarse crushing, and then into an impact crusher for medium crushing.

3. The method for sorting bricks and concrete in construction waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S4, the color sorting module includes a high-definition camera, a computer system, and a jet system; The material passes through the detection area of ​​the color sorting module, and the high-definition camera captures the image information of the material; the computer system processes and analyzes the captured image information to identify materials of different colors; the computer system controls the action of the jet system based on the analysis results of the image information; the jet system blows materials of different colors out separately through directional airflow, so that they fall into different collection areas or containers.

4. The method for sorting bricks and concrete in construction waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S9, the fifth sieved material is sorted by the color sorting module to separate concrete blocks with a particle size of 10-20mm and bricks with a particle size of 10-20mm. In S10, the sixth sieve material is sorted by the color sorting module to separate concrete blocks with a particle size of 20-31.5mm and bricks with a particle size of 20-31.5mm.

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