Thin plate welding fixing tool and thin plate welding method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a thin plate welding fixing tool and a thin plate welding method.The thin plate welding fixing tool comprises a base, and a plurality of threaded holes are formed in the base at intervals; the two top plates and the base are arranged in a spaced mode to form a containing space used for containing a to-be-welded test plate, the two top plates are oppositely arranged in a spaced mode to form a welding groove communicated with the containing space, and a welding seam of the test plate can directly face the welding groove; the multiple abutting pieces are in threaded connection with the threaded holes and can abut against the test plate, so that the test plate is attached to the side, facing the base, of the top plate. According to the method, the assembling and welding procedures of the test plate for thin plate welding can be reduced, the assembling and welding efficiency of the test plate for thin plate welding is improved, and welding deformation of the test plate for thin plate welding is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding, and in particular to a thin plate welding fixing tool and a thin plate welding method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of shipbuilding, especially in the field of shipbuilding for high-speed and maneuverable ships, a large number of thin plates, especially high-strength thin steel plates (plate thickness less than 7mm) are required as the welded structure of the main hull. While ensuring that the overall strength meets the design and use requirements, the weight of the ship is reduced as much as possible to improve its excellent performance of flexibility, lightness, high speed and energy saving.

[0003] In order to fully verify the welding quality of steel plates and ensure the welding quality of actual products, before welding of products, welding process approval tests are usually carried out on steel plates as required, especially welding process approval tests for butt joints of steel plates. The same requirements apply to thin steel plates, and welding process development tests (basic tests and process optimization tests before approval tests) and welding process approval tests must be carried out in advance according to the plan. This process requires a certain number of welding tests for butt joints of thin steel plates. The welding process is an uneven heating and cooling process, and the welding process of butt joints of thin plates is a process of asymmetric heat input. In addition, the rigidity and stability of thin plates are insufficient. Thin plates are affected by uneven and asymmetric heat effects and thermal expansion and contraction during welding. Butt joints of thin steel plates, especially butt joints of high-strength thin steel plates, are prone to large transverse (perpendicular to the length of the weld) angular deformation and longitudinal (parallel to the length of the weld) and irregular wave deformation during welding. Excessive welding deformation will not meet the requirements of mechanical tests such as impact, tension, and bending on the weld, and the welding test can only be declared a failure or re-welding.

[0004] In order to prevent excessive welding deformation of the thin steel plate test plate butt joint during welding, the prior art generally adopts a method of installing and welding multiple temporary fixing clamps on the back of the thin steel plate butt joint, see Figure 1 However, the disadvantages of the prior art are as follows:

[0005] 1. It is necessary to prepare a plurality of temporary fixed card codes 200, which can only be used once (they will be damaged during the cutting and removal process after use, and cannot be used normally and can only be scrapped), and cannot be reused. When multiple welding tests are performed, the temporary card codes are consumed a lot, wasting materials.

[0006] 2. Each temporary fixing card 200 needs to be welded and fixed to two test plates 100, which requires a lot of welding work. After the test plates 100 are welded, each temporary fixing card 200 needs to be removed from the test plates 100 by thermal cutting, which requires a lot of cutting work. After removal, there is a weld root residue near the weld on the surface of the test plate 100 (affecting the sampling and processing of the mechanical specimen of the weld joint and affecting the non-destructive testing). The weld root residue needs to be flattened, which requires a lot of construction processes.

[0007] 3. After the test plate 100 is welded, each temporary fixed card code 200 needs to be removed from the test plate 100 by thermal cutting. The heat from the thermal cutting process can easily cause the test plate 100 to deform irregularly again, causing the deformation of the test plate 100 to further worsen.

[0008] 4. The temporary fixing card code 200 has an obvious restraining effect on the transverse angular deformation of the test plate 100, but cannot restrain the longitudinal bending deformation and irregular deformation of the test plate 100. The deformation of the test plate 100 after welding is still large.

[0009] Therefore, a thin plate welding fixture and a thin plate welding method are needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0010] The object of the present invention is to provide a thin plate welding fixture and a thin plate welding method, which can reduce the welding process of the thin plate welding test plate, improve the welding efficiency of the thin plate welding test plate, and reduce the welding deformation of the thin plate welding test plate.

[0011] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] Thin plate welding fixture, including:

[0013] A base, with a plurality of threaded holes spaced apart from each other;

[0014] Two top plates, the two top plates are spaced apart from the base to form a receiving space for receiving a test plate to be welded, and the two top plates are spaced apart relative to each other to form a welding groove connected to the receiving space, and the weld of the test plate can face the welding groove;

[0015] A plurality of abutting members are screwed to the threaded holes and can press the test plate so that the test plate is fitted with a side of the top plate facing the base.

[0016] In some embodiments, a support plate is fixedly disposed on a side of the base facing away from the top plate.

[0017] In some embodiments, the welding groove is a trapezoidal groove.

[0018] In some embodiments, a plurality of connecting plates are further included, wherein the plurality of connecting plates are spaced apart along a first direction perpendicular to the welding groove, and the connecting plates are welded to the end of the top plate and the end of the base.

[0019] The thin plate welding method uses the thin plate welding fixture as described above to fix the test plate to be welded, and includes the following steps:

[0020] S1, cutting the test plate and processing the groove;

[0021] S2. After adjusting the two test plates to be flush, a temporary fixing block is welded at the ends of the test plates to connect the two test plates, and a butt joint is formed at the groove between the two test plates;

[0022] S3, inserting the test plate into the accommodation space, with the butt joint facing the welding groove;

[0023] S4. Install a plurality of abutment members in the threaded holes of the base, wherein the abutment members push the test plate to fit with the top plate;

[0024] S5. Welding the two test plates along the extension direction of the butt joint.

[0025] In some embodiments, in step S2, a ceramic gasket is pasted on a side of the test plate away from the groove, and the ceramic gasket faces the joint.

[0026] In some embodiments, in step S2, the thickness of the temporary fixing block is smaller than the thickness of the test plate, and the temporary fixing block is located between the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the test plate.

[0027] In some embodiments, in step S5, after each layer of weld is welded, a set range of the top plate on both sides of the welding groove is tapped.

[0028] In some embodiments, when knocking, the knocking is performed from the middle of the top plate to both ends, and the width of the knocking range is in the range of 20mm-50mm from the welding groove.

[0029] In some embodiments, in step S5, after welding is completed, the abutment is released and the welded test plate is taken out after standing for at least 24 hours.

[0030] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0031] The present invention provides a thin plate welding fixture, wherein a plurality of threaded holes are arranged at intervals on the base, a top plate and the base are arranged at intervals to form a storage space for accommodating a test plate to be welded, and two top plates are arranged at intervals to form a welding groove connected to the storage space, the weld of the test plate can be directly opposite to the welding groove, and the abutment is screwed to the threaded hole and can press the test plate so that the test plate and the top plate are fitted on one side of the base. Through the above arrangement, the top plate can be fixedly installed in the storage space, and the test plate and the top plate are fitted by a plurality of abutments, so that the test plate is fixed with uniform force, and during the welding process, the welding deformation of the test plate for thin plate welding can be reduced. Moreover, the abutment can be used to effectively clamp the test plate. After welding is completed, the test plate after welding can be released by simply removing the abutment, which can reduce the welding process of the test plate for thin plate welding and improve the welding efficiency of the test plate for thin plate welding.

[0032] The present invention provides a thin plate welding method, which uses the thin plate welding fixture as described above to fix the test plate to be welded, which can reduce the welding process of the test plate for thin plate welding, improve the welding efficiency of the test plate for thin plate welding, and reduce the welding deformation of the test plate for thin plate welding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the fixing of the test plate in the prior art;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a thin plate welding fixing tool of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a base in a thin plate welding fixing tool of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly and positioning of the pilot plate of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of installing a ceramic liner in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the pilot plate of the present invention being loaded into the thin plate welding fixing fixture.

[0040] In the figure:

[0041] 100, test plate; 200, fixing card code; 300, temporary fixing block; 400, ceramic liner; 1, base; 11, threaded hole; 12, support plate; 2, top plate; 21, welding groove; 3, abutment; 4, connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Before any embodiments of the application are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the application is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the above drawings.

[0043] In this application, the terms "comprises", "includes", "has" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of more restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device that includes the element.

[0044] In the present application, the terms "connect", "combine", "couple", and "install" may refer to direct connection, combination, coupling, or installation, or indirect connection, combination, coupling, or installation. For example, direct connection refers to two parts or components being connected together without the need for an intermediate piece, and indirect connection refers to two parts or components being connected to at least one intermediate piece respectively, and the two parts or components being connected via the intermediate piece. In addition, "connect" and "couple" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections or couplings, and may include electrical connections or couplings.

[0045] In this application, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the function performed by a component can be performed by one component, multiple components, one part, or multiple parts. Similarly, the function performed by a part can also be performed by one part, one component, or a combination of multiple parts.

[0046] In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back" and other directional words are described based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the context, it is also necessary to understand that when it is mentioned that an element is connected to another element "upper" or "lower", it can not only be directly connected to another element "upper" or "lower", but also indirectly connected to another element "upper" or "lower" through an intermediate element. It should also be understood that directional words such as upper side, lower side, left side, right side, front side, back side, etc. not only represent the positive orientation, but can also be understood as the lateral orientation. For example, the bottom can include directly below, lower left, lower right, lower front, and lower back, etc.

[0047] In the process of welding test on thin plate, in order to reduce the welding process of thin plate welding test plate, improve the welding efficiency of thin plate welding test plate, and reduce the welding deformation of thin plate welding test plate, such as Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a thin plate welding fixture. The thin plate welding fixture comprises a base 1, two top plates 2 and a plurality of abutment members 3.

[0048] Among them, a plurality of threaded holes 11 are provided at intervals on the base 1. The two top plates 2 are spaced apart from the base 1 to form a receiving space for receiving the test plate 100 to be welded, and the two top plates 2 are spaced apart from each other to form a welding groove 21 connected to the receiving space, and the weld of the test plate 100 can face the welding groove 21. The abutment member 3 is screwed to the threaded hole 11, and can press the test plate 100, so that the test plate 100 fits with the side of the top plate 2 facing the base 1.

[0049] Through the above arrangement, the top plate 2 can be fixedly installed in the accommodating space, and the test plate 100 is fitted with the top plate 2 through a plurality of abutting members 3, so that the test plate 100 is fixed with uniform force, and during the welding process, the welding deformation of the test plate 100 for thin plate welding can be reduced. Moreover, the abutting members 3 can be used to effectively clamp the test plate 100. After welding is completed, the welded test plate 100 can be released by simply removing the abutting members 3, which can reduce the welding process of the test plate 100 for thin plate welding and improve the welding efficiency of the test plate 100 for thin plate welding.

[0050] In some embodiments, a support plate 12 is fixedly disposed on one side of the base 1 facing away from the top plate 2. The support plate 12 can support the base 1 and form a space for installing the abutment member 3.

[0051] In some embodiments, the welding groove 21 is a trapezoidal groove. In this embodiment, the welding groove 21 is an isosceles trapezoidal groove, and the opening of the welding groove 21 away from the accommodation space is larger than the opening connected to the accommodation space. Through the above arrangement, it is convenient to weld the test plate 100 located in the accommodation space.

[0052] In some embodiments, the thin plate welding fixture further includes a plurality of connecting plates 4, which are arranged at intervals along a first direction perpendicular to the welding groove 21, and the connecting plates 4 are welded to the ends of the top plate 2 and the ends of the base 1. By providing the connecting plates 4, the base 1 is connected to the top plate 2 to form a stable accommodation space.

[0053] like Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment also provides a thin plate welding method, using the above thin plate welding fixture to fix the test plate 100 to be welded, including the following steps:

[0054] S1, cutting and beveling the test plate 100;

[0055] S2. After adjusting the two test plates 100 to be flush, a temporary fixing block 300 is welded at the end of the test plate 100 to connect the two test plates 100, and a butt joint is formed at the groove between the two test plates 100;

[0056] S3, inserting the test plate 100 into the accommodation space, with the butt joint facing the welding groove 21;

[0057] S4, installing a plurality of abutment members 3 in the threaded holes 11 of the base 1, and the abutment members 3 push the test plate 100 to fit with the top plate 2;

[0058] S5. Weld the two test plates 100 along the extension direction of the joint.

[0059] The assembled test plate 100 is placed in the thin plate welding fixture, and all the abutment parts 3 are tightened to evenly fix the test plate 100 in the thin plate welding fixture, and then the welding of the test plate 100 to the joint is completed under the condition of fixed constraint. Through the above method, the welding process of the test plate 100 is reduced, the welding efficiency of the test plate 100 is improved, the welding deformation of the test plate 100 is reduced, and the cycle and comprehensive cost of the thin plate welding test are reduced.

[0060] In some embodiments, in step S2, a ceramic liner 400 is pasted on the side of the test plate 100 away from the groove, and the ceramic liner 400 is directly opposite to the joint. By setting the ceramic liner 400, single-sided welding and double-sided forming can be achieved, and the ceramic liner 400 is firmly pasted to the joint position of the test plate 100 with the help of the tin foil with self-adhesive on the ceramic liner 400. The height of the accommodation space is 2-3 times the sum of the thickness of the test plate 100 and the thickness of the ceramic liner 400, which is convenient for the installation of the test plate 100.

[0061] In some embodiments, in step S2, the thickness of the temporary fixing block 300 is less than the thickness of the test plate 100, and the temporary fixing block 300 is located between the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the test plate 100. Specifically, after the groove and the 20mm-30mm range on both sides of the test plate 100 are thoroughly cleaned and polished, they are assembled and fixed. Since the temporary fixing block 300 is located between the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the test plate 100, it does not affect the subsequent installation of the test plate 100 in the accommodation space and the fitting with the top plate 2.

[0062] In some embodiments, in step S5, after each layer of welding is completed, a set range of the top plate 2 on both sides of the welding groove 21 is tapped.

[0063] In some embodiments, in step S3, the thin plate welding fixture is placed upside down (base 1 facing upward) to prevent the ceramic liner 400 from contacting, sliding, shifting or falling off with the base 1 during the subsequent placement of the test plate 100, and to facilitate the subsequent tightening of the abutment 3. By tightening the abutment 3, the dispersed multi-point temporary fixation between the welding test plate 100 and the thin plate welding fixture is achieved, effectively reducing the welding deformation generated in the subsequent welding process. Then the thin plate welding fixture is turned over, and the test plate 100 to be welded is welded layer by layer.

[0064] In some embodiments, when striking, the top plate 2 is struck from the middle to both ends, and the width of the striking range is 20mm-50mm from the distance of the welding groove 21. Specifically, after each layer of welding is completed, a small hammer is used to hammer the thin plate welding fixture multiple times with small energy. When hammering, the thin plate welding fixture is hammered from the middle to both ends, the hammer head is perpendicular to the surface of the thin plate welding fixture, the spacing of the hammer drop points is uniform, and the two sides of the welding groove 21 of the thin plate welding fixture are hammered alternately 2-3 times. The force of hammering the thin plate welding fixture is effectively transmitted to the test plate 100 (the two are in close contact and are pressed and fixed), and most of the welding residual stress is effectively released during the hammering process, thereby reducing the tendency of welding deformation of the test plate 100, preventing scars from forming on the surface of the test plate 100 after directly hammering the surface of the test plate 100, and ensuring the surface quality of the test plate 100.

[0065] In some embodiments, in step S5, after the welding is completed, the abutment member 3 is loosened after standing for at least 24 hours, and the welded test plate 100 is taken out. There are no weld root scars on both sides of the weld, ensuring the surface quality of the test plate 100.

[0066] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Thin plate welding fixture, characterized in that: include: A base (1), with a plurality of threaded holes (11) spaced apart from each other on the base (1); Two top plates (2), the two top plates (2) and the base (1) being spaced apart to form a receiving space for receiving a test plate (100) to be welded, and the two top plates (2) being spaced apart relative to each other to form a welding groove (21) communicating with the receiving space, and the welding seam of the test plate (100) can face the welding groove (21); A plurality of abutment members (3) are screwed to the threaded holes (11) and are capable of pressing the test plate (100) so that the test plate (100) is in contact with a side of the top plate (2) facing the base (1).

2. The thin plate welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support plate (12) is fixedly arranged on a side of the base (1) facing away from the top plate (2).

3. The thin plate welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding groove (21) is a trapezoidal groove.

4. The thin plate welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of connecting plates 4 (4), which are arranged at intervals along a first direction perpendicular to the welding groove (21), and the connecting plates 4 (4) are welded to the end of the top plate (2) and the end of the base (1).

5. A thin plate welding method, characterized in that: The method of fixing a test plate (100) to be welded using the thin plate welding fixture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises the following steps: S1, cutting the test plate (100) and processing the groove; S2, after adjusting the two test plates (100) to be flush, a temporary fixing block (300) is welded at the end of the test plate (100) to connect the two test plates (100), so that a butt joint is formed at the groove between the two test plates (100); S3, inserting the test plate (100) into the accommodation space, with the butt joint facing the welding groove (21); S4. Install a plurality of abutment members (3) in the threaded holes (11) of the base (1), wherein the abutment members (3) push the test plate (100) to fit the top plate (2); S5. Welding the two test plates (100) along the extension direction of the butt joint.

6. The thin plate welding method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step S2, a ceramic liner (400) is pasted on the side of the test plate (100) away from the groove, and the ceramic liner (400) faces the butt joint.

7. The thin plate welding method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step S2, the thickness of the temporary fixing block (300) is smaller than the thickness of the test plate (100), and the temporary fixing block (300) is located between the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the test plate (100).

8. The thin plate welding method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step S5, after each layer of welding is completed, the set range of the top plate (2) on both sides of the welding groove (21) is tapped.

9. The thin plate welding method according to claim 8, characterized in that: When knocking, the knocking is performed from the middle of the top plate (2) to both ends, and the width of the knocking range is within a range of 20 mm to 50 mm from the welding groove (21).

10. The thin plate welding method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step S5, after the welding is completed, the test plate (100) is taken out after being left to stand for at least 24 hours, and then the abutment member (3) is released.

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