High-precision positioning tool suitable for flat equipment in extravehicular environment

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision positioning tool suitable for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment, and belongs to the technical field of space maintenance. Comprising a clamping assembly, a handle fixing assembly and an angle positioning assembly, and the clamping assembly is used for clamping flat equipment; the handle fixing assembly provides extra pressure for the clamping assembly after the clamping assembly clamps the flat equipment, and reliable fixing of the outboard flat equipment is achieved. And the angle positioning assembly drives the maintenance tool to move to a to-be-maintained position of the outboard flat equipment. The invention further discloses an application method of the high-precision positioning tool suitable for the extravehicular environment flat equipment. According to the invention, the astronaut can be effectively ensured to reliably fix the surface of the extravehicular flat equipment in an extravehicular environment and carry out precision positioning operation on a maintenance point.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of space maintenance, and relates to a high-precision positioning tool suitable for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment during aircraft maintenance. Background Art

[0002] With the development of my country's aerospace technology, space maintenance missions in the extravehicular environment involving astronauts will increase day by day.

[0003] In response to the positioning needs of flat equipment maintenance outside the space station, it is necessary to develop a structure suitable for reliable clamping and fixing on the surface of flat equipment outside the cabin, and perform high-precision positioning maintenance operations on the maintenance points after the tool is reliably fixed. In view of the characteristics of the appearance of flat equipment outside the cabin, in order to ensure the matching of the positioning tool with the flat shape of the equipment, it is necessary to solve the technical problem of astronauts conveniently using the positioning tool to reliably fix the surface of the product and carry out related operations in the extravehicular environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a high-precision positioning tool suitable for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment, so as to ensure that astronauts can reliably fix the surface of the flat equipment in an extravehicular environment and perform precise positioning operations on maintenance points.

[0005] The solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A high-precision positioning tool suitable for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment, comprising a clamping assembly, a handle fixing assembly and an angle positioning assembly;

[0007] The clamping assembly is used to clamp the flat device;

[0008] After the clamping assembly clamps the flat device, the handle fixing assembly provides additional pressure to the clamping assembly, thereby realizing reliable fixing of the flat device outside the cabin;

[0009] The angle positioning assembly drives the maintenance tool to move to the position of the flat equipment outside the cabin to be maintained.

[0010] Preferably, the clamping assembly comprises a handle clamping mechanism and an alignment constraint component;

[0011] The handle clamping mechanism includes a clamping bracket, a pressure plate handle, a fixed handle, a cross transfer rod, a closed energy storage spring, a connecting rod and a closed bottom plate; the alignment constraint component is used to match and align with the flat equipment outside the cabin, including a characteristic alignment plate and an observation plate, and the characteristic alignment plate is fixed on the upper surface of the closed bottom plate;

[0012] Both the pressure plate handle and the fixed handle are frame structures, and the center of the lower end surface of the fixed handle is fixed to the observation plate of the positioning constraint component through a clamping bracket; the clamping bracket is a cylindrical structure, and through holes are processed on the upper and lower frame beams of the fixed handle, and the lower end and side walls of the pressure plate handle pass through the through holes, and the center of the lower end surface of the pressure plate handle is connected to the upper end of the connecting rod through a cross connecting rod, and the connecting rod is located inside the clamping bracket, and the lower end of the connecting rod passes through the positioning constraint component and is fixed to the closed bottom plate; the closed energy storage spring is located inside the clamping bracket and is mounted on the connecting rod, and the lower end is fixed to the clamping bracket, and a spring limiting ring is provided on the connecting rod.

[0013] Preferably, the characteristic alignment plate matches the appearance characteristics of the flat equipment outside the cabin.

[0014] Preferably, an observation window and an alignment window are processed on the observation plate, and the observation window facilitates the determination of the alignment relationship between the characteristic alignment plate and the appearance characteristics of the extravehicular flat equipment during operation, and the alignment window corresponds to the position of the extravehicular flat equipment to be repaired.

[0015] Preferably, there are two sets of handle fixing components, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the alignment constraint component along the clamping bracket.

[0016] Preferably, each set of handle fixing components includes a rotating handle, a fixing bracket, and a threaded sleeve component; the threaded sleeve component includes a rotating screw, a screw hole sleeve, a locking bracket, and a fixing nut; the fixing bracket includes a cover plate, a partition plate, and a main body bracket;

[0017] The rotating handle is a horizontal bar configuration, with a square mounting hole in the center and symmetrical conical structures on both sides, with the cone angle facing the center;

[0018] The top end of the rotating screw passes through the center of the rotating handle and is gap-matched with the square mounting positioning hole of the rotating handle. The fixing nut is fastened to one end of the rotating screw extending out of the square mounting positioning hole of the rotating handle; the screw hole sleeve is threadedly connected to the lower threaded section of the rotating screw; a screw positioning ring is provided on the rotating screw, and the screw positioning ring is located above the threaded section;

[0019] The screw hole sleeve is located in the main bracket, the partition is located on the main bracket, the screw positioning ring is located on the partition, the cover plate is covered on the screw positioning ring, and the screws pass through the cover plate, the screw positioning ring, the partition and the main bracket in sequence to achieve fastening; the bottom of the screw hole sleeve extends out from the lower end of the main bracket, passes through the alignment constraint component and the closed bottom plate, and is fixedly connected to the locking bracket.

[0020] Preferably, the angle positioning assembly includes a release component, a feeding component and an execution object, and the angle positioning assembly and the clamping assembly share a clamping bracket;

[0021] The execution object is sleeved on the clamping bracket, the clamping bracket is provided with a locking hole and a limit sliding groove, and the upper part of the clamping bracket is provided with a circumferential limit observation surface; the front end of the execution object is designed with a clamping mechanism for clamping the maintenance tool;

[0022] The release component includes an operating handle, a locking pin, a rotating shaft, a housing and a reset spring; a through hole is opened on one side of the operating handle, the rotating shaft is installed in the through hole, the locking pin includes a pin body and a pin head, one end of the pin body is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end is connected to the pin head; the reset spring is installed on the pin body, and the locking pin and the reset spring are installed in the housing; the housing is fixedly connected to the execution object, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the side of the execution object facing the release component; when locking, the pin head of the locking pin passes through the through hole on the execution object and is inserted into the locking hole of the center slide bar to achieve locking;

[0023] The feeding component includes a feeding energy storage spring, an outer cylinder, a limiting rod, a limiter and a reset handle; the energy storage spring is sleeved on the central sliding rod, the outer cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the feeding energy storage spring, the upper end of the feeding energy storage spring is limited by the limiting observation surface on the upper part of the clamping bracket, the reset handle is sleeved on the central sliding rod, the feeding energy storage spring, the outer cylinder and the reset handle are all located above the execution object, and the lower end surface of the feeding energy storage spring is in contact with the upper end surface of the reset handle; the limiting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the execution object, and the limiting rod is installed on the clamping bracket and can slide up and down along the limiting slide groove; the limiter is sleeved on the central sliding rod and is located at the lower end of the limiting slide groove.

[0024] Preferably, the front end of the execution object is a positioning rod, and the rear end is a positioning cavity. An execution object positioning ring is arranged between the positioning rod and the positioning cavity. The execution object is mounted on the clamping bracket through the execution object positioning ring. The clamping mechanism is arranged at the front end of the positioning rod. The shell of the release component is fixedly connected to the positioning cavity of the execution object. A through hole is arranged in the middle of the side of the execution object positioning ring facing the positioning cavity.

[0025] Preferably, baffles are provided on both sides of the rotation direction of the operating handle to limit the rotation angle of the operating handle.

[0026] Preferably, after installation, the maintenance tool clamped by the front end of the positioning rod of the angle positioning assembly is located directly above the alignment window of the observation plate.

[0027] An application method of a high-precision positioning tool for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment, comprising:

[0028] Before operation, astronauts should rotate the rotary handles on both sides synchronously to open the locking brackets on both sides to the maximum position;

[0029] When the astronaut is at the operating point, he / she squeezes the pressure plate handle and the fixed handle, and opens the feature alignment plate and the observation plate through the connecting rod to form a clamping space;

[0030] The astronauts put the extravehicular flat device into the clamping space between the observation plate and the characteristic alignment plate, and align the extravehicular flat device through complementary matching of the appearance features and the characteristic alignment plate; and confirm whether the alignment is effective through the observation window. After the alignment is effective, the pressure plate handle is released, and the observation plate and the characteristic alignment plate are automatically closed under the action of the closing energy storage spring, so as to achieve fixed constraint on the freedom of movement of the extravehicular flat device;

[0031] The astronauts rotate the rotary handles synchronously from both sides to move the locking bracket upward, compressing the closed bottom plate and increasing the pressure between the observation plate and the feature alignment plate;

[0032] The astronaut checks the positioning accuracy of the angle positioning component. When the accuracy meets the requirements, he presses the operating handle of the angle positioning component. The execution object and the reset handle move along the limit slide to the top of the limiter under the action of the feed energy storage spring.

[0033] At this point, the maintenance tool for clamping the object is located above the alignment hole for subsequent maintenance by astronauts.

[0034] Preferably, when the positioning accuracy of the angle positioning component meets the requirements, the center of the positioning window is coaxial with the center of the clamping mechanism at the front end of the object executed by the angle positioning component.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0036] (1) The present invention realizes the fastening operation by means of the clamping assembly and the handle fixing assembly, thereby effectively and reliably fixing the position of the tool and the flat equipment outside the cabin;

[0037] (2) The present invention ensures that the maintenance point can be reliably and effectively located on the surface of the flat equipment outside the cabin during the movement of the angle positioning assembly by matching the positioning of the angle positioning assembly with the clamping assembly;

[0038] (3) The present invention provides an alignment hole on the observation plate so that the center of the clamping mechanism at the front end of the angle positioning assembly is coaxial with the center of the alignment window, thereby ensuring accurate positioning of the maintenance point. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a reliable high-precision positioning tool suitable for extravehicular environments;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the clamping assembly;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the handle fixing assembly;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the angle positioning component composition;

[0043] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the closed state composition of the high-precision positioning tool;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the high-precision positioning tool in the open state;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the components of the high-precision positioning tool when it is turned on;

[0046] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the feature alignment and closure of the high-precision positioning tool clamping component;

[0047] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of fixing and pressurizing the handle of a high-precision positioning tool;

[0048] Fig.10 A schematic diagram showing the relationship between the components of a high-precision positioning tool fixed flat device;

[0049] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the angle positioning component feeding to the limit position state;

[0050] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the angle positioning component and the limiter;

[0051] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the positioner limit surface;

[0052] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the limiting surface of the angle positioning component;

[0053] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the angle positioning component and the positioner limit surface;

[0054] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram showing that the fixing point of the angle positioning component is coaxial with the center of the alignment hole of the observation plate;

[0055] Fig.17 It is a top view showing the fixed point of the angle positioning component and the center of the alignment hole of the observation plate coaxially. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0057] The present invention is a reliable high-precision positioning tool suitable for extravehicular environments, and is an important guarantee for ensuring that astronauts can reliably fix the surface of extravehicular flat equipment and accurately locate maintenance points in an extravehicular environment.

[0058] like Figure 1As shown, a reliable and high-precision positioning tool suitable for extravehicular environment includes a clamping assembly, a handle fixing assembly and an angle positioning assembly, which can enable Chinese astronauts to carry out precise positioning and effectively implement maintenance operations in the extravehicular environment. The clamping assembly is used to clamp flat equipment. After the clamping assembly clamps the flat equipment, the handle fixing assembly provides additional pressure to the clamping assembly to achieve reliable fixation of the extravehicular flat equipment. The angle positioning assembly drives the maintenance tool to move to the position of the flat equipment to be repaired outside the cabin.

[0059] Specifically,

[0060] 1) Clamping assembly

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, the clamping assembly includes a handle clamping mechanism and an alignment constraint component.

[0062] The handle clamping mechanism includes a clamping bracket, a pressure plate handle, a fixed handle, a cross transfer rod, a closed energy storage spring, a connecting rod and a closed bottom plate; the alignment constraint component is used to match and align with the flat equipment outside the cabin, including a feature alignment plate and an observation plate, and the feature alignment plate is fixed on the upper surface of the closed bottom plate; the feature alignment plate matches the appearance characteristics of the flat equipment outside the cabin.

[0063] Both the pressure plate handle and the fixed handle are frame structures, and the center of the lower end surface of the fixed handle is fixed to the observation plate of the positioning constraint component through a clamping bracket; the clamping bracket is a cylindrical structure, and through holes are processed on the upper and lower frame beams of the fixed handle, and the lower end and side walls of the pressure plate handle pass through the through holes, and the center of the lower end surface of the pressure plate handle is connected to the upper end of the connecting rod through a cross connecting rod, and the connecting rod is located inside the clamping bracket, and the lower end of the connecting rod passes through the positioning constraint component and is fixed to the closed bottom plate; the closed energy storage spring is located inside the clamping bracket and is mounted on the connecting rod, and the lower end is fixed to the clamping bracket, and a spring limiting ring is provided on the connecting rod.

[0064] An observation window and an alignment window are processed on the observation plate. The observation window facilitates the determination of the alignment relationship between the characteristic alignment plate and the appearance characteristics of the extravehicular flat equipment during operation. The alignment window corresponds to the position of the extravehicular flat equipment to be repaired.

[0065] The astronauts squeeze the pressure plate handle to prompt the alignment and constraint component to open the clamping space, making it easier to insert the flat device into the outer surface; when the astronauts release the pressure plate handle, the alignment and constraint component automatically closes the clamping space and, under the action of the closing energy storage spring, automatically clamps on the surface of the flat device, effectively preventing the positioning tool from floating off the product surface.

[0066] The feature alignment plate forms complementary concave and convex features with the flat device mounting surface, and the accuracy of tool alignment is confirmed by the complementary matching between the features.

[0067] 2) Handle fixing assembly

[0068] There are two sets of handle fixing components, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the alignment constraint component along the clamping bracket.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, each handle fixing assembly includes a rotating handle, a fixing bracket, and a threaded sleeve assembly; the threaded sleeve assembly includes a rotating screw, a screw hole sleeve, a locking bracket, and a fixing nut, and the fixing bracket includes a cover plate, a partition plate, and a main body bracket.

[0070] The rotating handle is a crossbar configuration, with a square mounting positioning hole in the center and symmetrical conical structures on both sides, with the cone angle facing the center. The top of the rotating screw passes through the center of the rotating handle and is gap-matched with the square mounting positioning hole of the rotating handle. The fixing nut is fastened to the end of the rotating screw extending out of the square mounting positioning hole of the rotating handle; the screw hole sleeve is screwed to the lower threaded section of the rotating screw; a screw positioning ring is provided on the rotating screw, and the screw positioning ring is located above the threaded section. The screw hole sleeve is located in the main bracket, the partition is located on the main bracket, the screw positioning ring is located on the partition, and the cover plate is covered on the screw positioning ring. The screw passes through the cover plate, the screw positioning ring, the partition and the main bracket in sequence to achieve fastening; the bottom of the screw hole sleeve extends from the lower end of the main bracket, passes through the alignment constraint component and the closed bottom plate, and is fixedly connected to the locking bracket.

[0071] The handle fixing assembly provides additional pressure to the clamping assembly, improving the fixing reliability of the positioning tool.

[0072] After the astronaut provides the initial rotation speed, the rotating handle continues to maintain the subsequent rotation power according to its own inertia, replacing the astronaut's rotation operation.

[0073] The fixed bracket is connected with the clamping assembly to provide a constraint reference for the rotation of the rotating handle, so that the rotational inertia of the rotating handle is stabilized in the rotation direction.

[0074] The threaded sleeve assembly converts the rotation direction of the rotary handle into the locking direction of the up and down movement of the locking bracket, and locks the rotary handle through the thread self-locking angle. The locking bracket converts the thread locking force into the locking surface pressure.

[0075] 3) Angle positioning component

[0076] like Figure 4 As shown, the angle positioning assembly includes a releasing component, a feeding component and an execution object, and the angle positioning assembly and the clamping assembly share a clamping bracket.

[0077] The front end of the execution object is a positioning rod, and the rear end is a positioning cavity. An execution object positioning ring is arranged between the positioning rod and the positioning cavity, and a through hole is arranged in the middle of the side of the execution object positioning ring facing the positioning cavity; the execution object positioning ring is sleeved on the clamping bracket, and the clamping bracket is provided with a locking hole and a limiting slide groove, and the upper part of the clamping bracket is provided with an annular limiting observation surface; a clamping mechanism is designed at the front end of the positioning rod for clamping maintenance tools.

[0078] The release component includes an operating handle, a locking pin, a rotating shaft, a housing and a reset spring; a through hole is opened on one side of the operating handle, the rotating shaft is installed in the through hole, the locking pin includes a pin body and a pin head, one end of the pin body is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end is connected to the pin head; the reset spring is installed on the pin body, and the locking pin and the reset spring are installed in the housing; the housing is fixedly connected to the positioning cavity of the execution object, and when locking, the pin head of the locking pin passes through the through hole on the positioning ring and is inserted into the locking hole of the center slide rod to achieve locking.

[0079] The feeding component includes a feeding energy storage spring, an outer cylinder, a limiting rod, a limiter and a reset handle; the energy storage spring is sleeved on the central slide rod, the outer cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the feeding energy storage spring, the upper end of the feeding energy storage spring is limited by the limiting observation surface on the upper part of the clamping bracket, the reset handle is sleeved on the central slide rod, the feeding energy storage spring, the outer cylinder and the reset handle are all located above the execution object, and the lower end surface of the feeding energy storage spring is in contact with the upper end surface of the reset handle; the limiting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the execution object, and the limiting rod is installed on the clamping bracket and can slide up and down along the limiting slide groove; the limiter is sleeved on the central slide rod and is located at the lower end of the limiting slide groove. Baffles are set on both sides of the rotation direction of the operating handle to limit the rotation angle of the operating handle. After installation, the maintenance tool clamped by the front end of the positioning rod of the angle positioning assembly is located directly above the alignment window of the observation plate.

[0080] The astronauts squeeze the operating handle, which uses the side with the through hole as a fulcrum to lift the locking pin, which leaves the original locking position. The feeding component and the execution object are automatically fed to the limiter under the action of the feeding energy storage spring. When the astronauts perform the reset operation through the reset handle, the locking pin automatically clings to the outer surface of the clamping bracket under the action of the reset spring. When it is reset to the original locking position, the locking pin automatically pushes into the locking position under the action of the reset spring, and at the same time compresses the feeding energy storage spring to restore it to its original initial position.

[0081] In the "release" state, the feed energy storage spring expands and releases elastic force, pushing the angle positioning component to move; in the "locked" state, the feed energy storage spring compresses to store elastic force, and the angle positioning component returns to its original locked position. The reset handle is set at the lower end of the feed component and distributed on both sides of the feed component, so that astronauts can evenly apply force on both sides during the reset operation, compressing the feed energy storage spring to restore the feed component to its original initial position.

[0082] The angle positioning component is the interface component that connects the positioning tool with other maintenance tools. The angle positioning component drives the maintenance tool to reach the designated maintenance position.

[0083] The application method of the positioning tool of the present invention is as follows:

[0084] Before operation, astronauts should rotate the rotary handles on both sides synchronously to open the locking brackets on both sides to the maximum position. Figure 5 shown.

[0085] When the astronaut is at the operating point, he / she squeezes the pressure plate handle and the fixed handle, and opens the feature alignment plate and the observation plate through the connecting rod to form a clamping space. Figure 6 , Figure 7 shown.

[0086] The astronauts put the extravehicular flat device into the space between the observation plate and the characteristic alignment plate, and align the extravehicular flat device through the complementary matching of the shape features of the extravehicular flat device and the boss features of the characteristic alignment plate; and after confirming the effective alignment through the observation window, the pressure plate handle is released, and the observation plate and the characteristic alignment plate are automatically closed under the action of the closing energy storage spring, realizing the fixed constraint of the freedom of movement of the extravehicular flat device. Figure 8 shown.

[0087] The astronauts rotate the rotary handles synchronously from both sides of the tool to move the locking bracket upward, press the closed bottom plate, and increase the pressure between the observation plate and the feature alignment plate, such as Fig. 9 , Fig.10 shown.

[0088] The astronaut checks the positioning accuracy of the angle positioning component. When the accuracy meets the requirements, press the operating handle of the angle positioning component. The execution object and the reset handle move along the limit slide to the top of the limiter under the action of the feed energy storage spring. Fig.11 , Fig.12 Two angle limiting bosses are set on the limiter, one side of the first limiting boss is set as limiting surface A, and one side of the second limiting boss is set as limiting surface B. The angle between limiting surface A and limiting surface B is set to 180°, as shown in FIG. Fig.13 Two grooves are set on the lower surface of the positioning ring of the execution object, a limiting surface C is set on one side of the first positioning groove, and a limiting surface D is set on one side of the second positioning groove, and the angle between the limiting surface C and the limiting surface D is set to 180°, as shown in FIG. Fig.14 After being released, the angle limit boss of the stopper is inserted into the corresponding groove on the positioning ring. The angle positioning assembly contacts the limit surfaces A and B on both sides of the stopper through the limit surfaces C and D on the lower side of the positioning ring to ensure that the angle is within the limit surface accuracy range. Fig.15 shown.

[0089] At this point, the maintenance tool for clamping the object is located above the alignment hole for subsequent maintenance by astronauts.

[0090] The positioning tool sets a positioning hole on the observation plate and sets a fixed point on the angle positioning component, such as Fig.16 As shown, the coaxiality of the two center holes is achieved to ensure the precise positioning of the maintenance point, such as Fig.17 .

[0091] The present invention can effectively ensure that astronauts can reliably fix the surface of flat equipment outside the cabin and accurately locate the maintenance points in the extravehicular environment. By using the present invention, astronauts can conveniently use it in the extravehicular environment and reliably fix the positioning tool on the surface of the product, thereby solving the technical problem of carrying out related operations. The present invention improves the feasibility of extravehicular equipment maintenance through high-precision positioning and ensures the long-term safe operation of the space station.

[0092] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of professionals in the field.

Claims

1. A high-precision positioning tool for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment, characterized by: It includes a clamping component, a handle fixing component and an angle positioning component; The clamping assembly is used to clamp the flat device; After the clamping assembly clamps the flat device, the handle fixing assembly provides additional pressure to the clamping assembly, thereby realizing reliable fixing of the flat device outside the cabin; The angle positioning assembly drives the maintenance tool to move to the position of the flat equipment outside the cabin to be maintained.

2. A high-precision positioning tool for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly includes a handle clamping mechanism and an alignment constraint component; The handle clamping mechanism includes a clamping bracket, a pressure plate handle, a fixed handle, a cross transfer rod, a closed energy storage spring, a connecting rod and a closed bottom plate; the alignment constraint component is used to match and align with the flat equipment outside the cabin, including a characteristic alignment plate and an observation plate, and the characteristic alignment plate is fixed on the upper surface of the closed bottom plate; Both the pressure plate handle and the fixed handle are frame structures, and the center of the lower end surface of the fixed handle is fixed to the observation plate of the positioning constraint component through a clamping bracket; the clamping bracket is a cylindrical structure, and through holes are processed on the upper and lower frame beams of the fixed handle, and the lower end and side walls of the pressure plate handle pass through the through holes, and the center of the lower end surface of the pressure plate handle is connected to the upper end of the connecting rod through a cross connecting rod, and the connecting rod is located inside the clamping bracket, and the lower end of the connecting rod passes through the positioning constraint component and is fixed to the closed bottom plate; the closed energy storage spring is located inside the clamping bracket and is mounted on the connecting rod, and the lower end is fixed to the clamping bracket, and a spring limiting ring is provided on the connecting rod.

3. A high-precision positioning tool for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The characteristic alignment plate matches the appearance characteristics of the flat equipment outside the cabin.

4. The high-precision positioning tool for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: An observation window and an alignment window are processed on the observation plate. The observation window facilitates the determination of the alignment relationship between the characteristic alignment plate and the appearance characteristics of the extravehicular flat equipment during operation. The alignment window corresponds to the position of the extravehicular flat equipment to be repaired.

5. The high-precision positioning tool for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The handle fixing components are provided in two sets, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the alignment constraint component along the clamping bracket.

6. A high-precision positioning tool for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each handle fixing assembly includes a rotating handle, a fixing bracket, and a threaded sleeve assembly; the threaded sleeve assembly includes a rotating screw, a screw hole sleeve, a locking bracket, and a fixing nut; the fixing bracket includes a cover plate, a partition plate, and a main body bracket; The rotating handle is a horizontal bar configuration, with a square mounting hole in the center and symmetrical conical structures on both sides, with the cone angle facing the center; The top end of the rotating screw passes through the center of the rotating handle and is gap-matched with the square mounting positioning hole of the rotating handle. The fixing nut is fastened to one end of the rotating screw extending out of the square mounting positioning hole of the rotating handle; the screw hole sleeve is threadedly connected to the lower threaded section of the rotating screw; a screw positioning ring is provided on the rotating screw, and the screw positioning ring is located above the threaded section; The screw hole sleeve is located in the main bracket, the partition is located on the main bracket, the screw positioning ring is located on the partition, the cover plate is covered on the screw positioning ring, and the screws pass through the cover plate, the screw positioning ring, the partition and the main bracket in sequence to achieve fastening; the bottom of the screw hole sleeve extends out from the lower end of the main bracket, passes through the alignment constraint component and the closed bottom plate, and is fixedly connected to the locking bracket.

7. The high-precision positioning tool for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The angle positioning component includes a releasing component, a feeding component and an execution object, and the angle positioning component and the clamping component share a clamping bracket; The execution object is sleeved on the clamping bracket, the clamping bracket is provided with a locking hole and a limit sliding groove, and the upper part of the clamping bracket is provided with a circumferential limit observation surface; the front end of the execution object is designed with a clamping mechanism for clamping the maintenance tool; The release component includes an operating handle, a locking pin, a rotating shaft, a housing and a reset spring; a through hole is opened on one side of the operating handle, the rotating shaft is installed in the through hole, the locking pin includes a pin body and a pin head, one end of the pin body is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end is connected to the pin head; the reset spring is installed on the pin body, and the locking pin and the reset spring are installed in the housing; The housing is fixedly connected to the execution object, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the side of the execution object facing the release component; when locking, the pin head of the locking pin passes through the through hole on the execution object and is inserted into the locking hole of the central slide bar to achieve locking; The feeding component includes a feeding energy storage spring, an outer cylinder, a limiting rod, a limiter and a reset handle; the energy storage spring is sleeved on the central sliding rod, the outer cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the feeding energy storage spring, the upper end of the feeding energy storage spring is limited by the limiting observation surface on the upper part of the clamping bracket, the reset handle is sleeved on the central sliding rod, the feeding energy storage spring, the outer cylinder and the reset handle are all located above the execution object, and the lower end surface of the feeding energy storage spring is in contact with the upper end surface of the reset handle; the limiting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the execution object, and the limiting rod is installed on the clamping bracket and can slide up and down along the limiting slide groove; the limiter is sleeved on the central sliding rod and is located at the lower end of the limiting slide groove.

8. The high-precision positioning tool for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The front end of the execution object is a positioning rod, and the rear end is a positioning cavity. An execution object positioning ring is arranged between the positioning rod and the positioning cavity. The execution object is sleeved on the clamping bracket through the execution object positioning ring. The clamping mechanism is arranged at the front end of the positioning rod. The shell of the releasing component is fixedly connected to the positioning cavity of the execution object. A through hole is arranged in the middle of the side of the execution object positioning ring facing the positioning cavity.

9. The high-precision positioning tool for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment according to claim 7, characterized in that: Baffles are arranged on both sides of the rotation direction of the operating handle to limit the rotation angle of the operating handle.

10. The high-precision positioning tool for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment according to claim 7, characterized in that: After installation in place, the maintenance tool clamped by the front end of the positioning rod of the angle positioning assembly is located just above the alignment window of the observation plate.

11. An application method of a high-precision positioning tool for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment, characterized in that: include: Before operation, astronauts should rotate the rotary handles on both sides synchronously to open the locking brackets on both sides to the maximum position; When the astronaut is at the operating point, he / she squeezes the pressure plate handle and the fixed handle, and opens the feature alignment plate and the observation plate through the connecting rod to form a clamping space; The astronauts put the extravehicular flat device into the clamping space between the observation plate and the characteristic alignment plate, and align the extravehicular flat device through complementary matching of the appearance features and the characteristic alignment plate; and confirm whether the alignment is effective through the observation window. After the alignment is effective, the pressure plate handle is released, and the observation plate and the characteristic alignment plate are automatically closed under the action of the closing energy storage spring, so as to achieve fixed constraint on the freedom of movement of the extravehicular flat device; The astronauts rotate the rotary handles synchronously from both sides to move the locking bracket upward, compressing the closed bottom plate and increasing the pressure between the observation plate and the feature alignment plate; The astronaut checks the positioning accuracy of the angle positioning component. When the accuracy meets the requirements, he presses the operating handle of the angle positioning component. The execution object and the reset handle move along the limit slide to the top of the limiter under the action of the feed energy storage spring. At this point, the maintenance tool for clamping the object is located above the alignment hole for subsequent maintenance by astronauts.

12. The method for applying a high-precision positioning tool for flat equipment in an extravehicular environment according to claim 11, characterized in that: When the positioning accuracy of the angle positioning component meets the requirements, the center of the positioning window is coaxial with the center of the clamping mechanism at the front end of the object to be executed by the angle positioning component.

Images