Photovoltaic glass experiment sample melting furnace and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic glass experiment sample melting furnace and a use method thereof, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic glass. The photovoltaic glass experiment sample melting furnace comprises a furnace body, an electric heating device and a fuel burner, a container is arranged in the furnace body, and the container is used for containing a sample; the electric heating device is arranged in the furnace body and is used for heating the container; the fuel burner comprises a conveying pipeline and a burning gun, one end of the conveying pipeline is connected with the pressure fuel source, the other end of the conveying pipeline is connected with the burning gun, and the burning gun of the fuel burner extends into the furnace body and is used for heating the container. The problem of experiment failure caused by the fact that glass is condensed in a crucible and cannot be taken out due to rapid cooling in a sample melting furnace after power failure in emergency is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of photovoltaic glass, and in particular to a photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] In the photovoltaic industry, photovoltaic glass uses solar energy to generate electricity. It is a new type of pollution-free green new energy. Photovoltaic glass is mainly composed of glass, solar cells, film, back glass, special metal wires, etc. Because it uses sunlight to generate electricity, it has extremely high requirements for glass transmittance. Photovoltaic glass usually uses ultra-white glass (also known as low-iron glass), crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules mainly use ultra-white embossed glass, thin-film photovoltaic modules often use ultra-white float glass, and some new photovoltaic modules are beginning to try to use ultra-white flexible glass. In order to develop glass with better transmittance, it is necessary to conduct repeated melting experiments in the laboratory.

[0003] Most of the existing experimental glass melting furnaces are electrically heated, and the air in the furnace is electrically heated to heat the crucible and the material therein.

[0004] In the event of an emergency power outage, the temperature in the melting furnace will drop rapidly. If the glass in the melting furnace is not taken out in time, the glass will condense in the crucible and cannot be taken out, resulting in failure of the experiment. Summary of the invention

[0005] A technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is: how to avoid rapid cooling in the melting furnace after an emergency power outage, so that the glass in the melting furnace condenses in the crucible and cannot be taken out, resulting in experiment failure.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace, comprising:

[0007] A furnace body, wherein a container is arranged in the furnace body, and the container is used to contain the sample;

[0008] An electric heating device, which is arranged in the furnace body and is used to heat the container;

[0009] The fuel burner comprises a delivery pipeline and a burner, one end of the delivery pipeline is connected to a pressure fuel source, and the other end of the delivery pipeline extends into the furnace body for heating the container.

[0010] In some embodiments, the delivery pipeline includes a main pipeline, a first pipeline and a second pipeline, the main pipeline is connected to a pressure fuel source, the main pipeline is connected to a pressure fuel source, one end of the first pipeline and the second pipeline is connected to the main pipeline, the other ends of the first pipeline and the second pipeline are connected together and extend into the furnace body, a manual valve is provided on the first pipeline, and an electric valve is provided on the second pipeline.

[0011] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0012] A controller is connected to the electric valve and the electric heating device, and the controller can adjust the opening of the electric valve and the heating power of the electric heating device;

[0013] Backup power supply, the backup power supply is connected to the controller.

[0014] In some embodiments, the electric heating device includes a plurality of heating elements, the plurality of heating elements are fixedly connected to the top of the furnace body, the plurality of heating elements are respectively connected to the controller, and the plurality of heating elements are arranged around the container.

[0015] In some embodiments, the heating element is a molybdenum silicon rod, one end of the molybdenum silicon rod is bent toward the other end.

[0016] In some embodiments, the fuel burner also includes a burner gun, which is connected to the other end of the delivery pipeline. There are multiple burners, multiple burners are connected to the side wall of the furnace body, and multiple burners are arranged around the container; a vent is provided on the furnace body.

[0017] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0018] The temperature sensor is arranged near the container and is connected to the controller.

[0019] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0020] The furnace door is arranged near the bottom of the furnace body and below the burner.

[0021] In some embodiments, the container is slidably connected to the bottom of the furnace.

[0022] A method for using a photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace comprises the following steps:

[0023] Using electric heating devices and fuel burners to heat the container in the furnace at the same time;

[0024] After detecting that the electric heating device stops working, the flow rate of the fuel burner is increased to maintain the set temperature in the furnace body.

[0025] Through the above technical scheme, the present scheme heats the sample in the furnace body through the electric heating device and the fuel burner at the same time, so that after an emergency power outage, the fuel burner in the melting furnace can continue to heat the container under the pressure of the pressurized fuel source, so that the set temperature is maintained in the furnace body, avoiding rapid cooling in the melting furnace, and the glass in the melting furnace cannot be taken out in time. The glass condenses in the container and cannot be taken out, resulting in failure of the experiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace disclosed in the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace disclosed in the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Description of reference numerals:

[0030] 1. Furnace body; 2. Electric heating device; 21. Heating element; 3. Fuel burner; 31. Feed pipeline; 311. Main pipeline; 312. First pipeline; 313. Second pipeline; 32. Burner; 33. Manual valve; 34. Electric valve; 4. Container. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to exemplarily illustrate the principles of the present disclosure, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The present disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

[0032] The present disclosure provides these embodiments to make the present disclosure thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, the composition of the materials, the numerical expressions and the numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, and not as limiting.

[0033] It should be noted that, in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is greater than or equal to two; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present disclosure. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0034] In addition, the words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" does not mean vertical in the strict sense, but is within the tolerance range. "Parallel" does not mean parallel in the strict sense, but is within the tolerance range. "Include" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements before the word include the elements listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of including other elements.

[0035] It should also be noted that in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be an intermediate device between the specific device and the first device or the second device.

[0036] All terms used in the present disclosure have the same meanings as those understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries, for example, should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or extremely formal sense, unless explicitly defined as such herein.

[0037] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0038] In the photovoltaic industry, photovoltaic glass uses solar energy to generate electricity. It is a new type of pollution-free green new energy. Photovoltaic glass is mainly composed of glass, solar cells, film, back glass, special metal wires, etc. Because it uses sunlight to generate electricity, it has extremely high requirements for glass transmittance. Photovoltaic glass usually uses ultra-white glass (also known as low-iron glass), crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules mainly use ultra-white embossed glass, thin-film photovoltaic modules often use ultra-white float glass, and some new photovoltaic modules are beginning to try to use ultra-white flexible glass. In order to develop glass with better transmittance, it is necessary to conduct repeated melting experiments in the laboratory.

[0039] Most of the existing experimental glass melting furnaces are electrically heated, and the air in the furnace is electrically heated to heat the crucible and the material therein.

[0040] In the event of an emergency power outage, the temperature in the melting furnace will drop rapidly. If the glass in the melting furnace is not taken out in time, the glass will condense in the crucible and cannot be taken out, resulting in experiment failure. When conducting the experiment again, it is necessary to heat up for a long time until the glass is melted and poured out before a new experiment can be carried out.

[0041] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace, which can avoid rapid cooling in the melting furnace after an emergency power outage, and prevent the glass in the melting furnace from being taken out in time, causing the glass to condense in the crucible and unable to be taken out, resulting in experimental failure.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace includes a furnace body 1, an electric heating device 2 and a fuel burner 3. A container 4 is arranged in the furnace body 1, and the container 4 is used to accommodate the sample; the electric heating device 2 is arranged in the furnace body 1, and is used to heat the container 4; the fuel burner 3 includes a conveying pipeline and a burner 32, one end of the conveying pipeline is connected to the pressure fuel source, and the other end of the conveying pipeline extends into the furnace body 1, and is used to heat the container 4.

[0044] The furnace body 1 is a core component in the laboratory furnace. It refers to the main structure containing the heating space, which is used to accommodate the material or sample to be heated and provide the necessary environmental conditions for the heating process. The furnace body 1 can provide a heating space to ensure that the material or sample can be heated evenly. The furnace body 1 can also isolate the influence of the external environment to ensure the temperature stability and safety during the heating process. The furnace body 1 can also reduce heat loss and improve energy utilization. Specifically, the furnace body 1 can be a box-type furnace body 1, which is suitable for laboratories and small-scale production. The box-type furnace body 1 has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can be used for heating materials such as metals, ceramics, and glass. The temperature range is wide, ranging from room temperature to 1600°C. The furnace body 1 can be a rectangle or a cuboid, with a front door or a side door for feeding.

[0045] Specifically, the outer side of the furnace body 1 of the experimental furnace is set as a support frame with profiles, and steel plates are welded on the four sides of the frame to support insulation bricks. The interior of the furnace body 1 is built with refractory bricks, the outer ring of the refractory bricks is made of lightweight insulation bricks, and the inner ring is made of corundum zirconium bricks due to the high temperature. The furnace is built in a circular shape. The support frame is constructed with profiles (such as angle steel, channel steel, etc.) to provide structural support to ensure the overall stability of the furnace body 1. Steel plates are welded on all four sides of the frame to form a solid shell to prevent deformation and damage. The shell is composed of steel plates to protect the internal structure and prevent the external environment from affecting the temperature in the furnace. The steel plate is welded on the support frame to form a closed shell. The insulation layer is a lightweight insulation brick that can reduce heat loss and keep the temperature in the furnace stable, and is laid on the outer ring of the refractory bricks. The refractory layer is made of refractory bricks and corundum zirconium bricks, which are resistant to high temperatures and protect the heating element 21 and the sample. The outer ring of the refractory layer is made of lightweight insulation bricks to reduce heat loss. The furnace is built in a circular shape, and the circular design helps to evenly distribute heat and reduce temperature gradients.

[0046] The container 4 is an appliance or device used in a high temperature environment, which can withstand high temperatures without deformation, cracking or chemical changes. Specifically, the container 4 can be a ceramic container 4, such as aluminum oxide (Al2O3), zirconium oxide (ZrO2), silicon carbide (SiC), etc., which can withstand high temperatures above 1600°C, have good corrosion resistance to most chemical substances, and have good electrical insulation properties. The container 4 can also be a graphite container 4, which can withstand high temperatures above 3000°C, has good thermal conductivity, and helps to evenly distribute heat. It can also be a metal container 4, such as molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), nickel-based alloys, etc. Molybdenum and tungsten can withstand high temperatures exceeding 2000°C. It has high mechanical strength and toughness. It has good thermal conductivity, helps to heat and cool quickly, and is suitable for high-temperature smelting. For example, it can be a platinum crucible, which has good high-temperature stability and does not react chemically with glass. The container 4 can also be a corundum zirconium brick container 4, corundum (Al2O3) and zircon (ZrSiO4), which can withstand high temperatures above 1800°C and have high mechanical strength. Suitable for high temperature sintering, synthesis of ceramic materials, etc.

[0047] More specifically, the container 4 can be round or cylindrical, which helps to evenly distribute heat and reduce temperature gradients. The wall thickness of the container 4 should be uniform to avoid local overheating. For containers 4 that need to be sealed, suitable sealing materials and methods should be selected to ensure that there is no leakage at high temperatures. For example, high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant sealing strips or gaskets are used for sealing. The container 4 should have sufficient mechanical strength to withstand thermal and mechanical stresses at high temperatures, and the support and fixing structure of the container 4 should be firm and reliable. The surface of the container 4 is smooth to reduce sample adhesion and contamination. The surface of the container 4 is also coated to improve corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance.

[0048] The electric heating device 2 in the melting furnace is a key component for providing and controlling the heating power, ensuring that the temperature in the furnace can reach and be maintained within the required range. The electric heating device 2 is a device that heats the sample by converting electrical energy into thermal energy. It includes components such as a heating element 21, a temperature sensor, a controller, and a power supply. Specifically, the heating element 21 of the electric heating device 2 can be a resistance wire, and commonly used materials include nickel-chromium alloy (NiCr), iron-chromium-aluminum (FeCrAl), silicon-molybdenum, etc. The heating element 21 of the electric heating device 2 can also be a resistance belt, which is a flat resistance heating element 21, suitable for planar heating. The heating element 21 of the electric heating device 2 can also be a resistance plate, a flat or curved resistance heating element 21, suitable for large-area heating. The resistance heating elements 21 can be evenly distributed in the furnace body 1 to ensure uniform temperature. The electric heating device 2 uses resistance heating to achieve temperatures from room temperature to 1600°C or even higher, with fast heating and cooling speeds, suitable for experiments with rapid heating or cooling, and precise temperature control can be achieved through a temperature controller, which is suitable for various high-temperature experiments in laboratories and small-scale production. Specifically, the control method of electric heating is power regulator control. The power regulator adopts two modes: PLC (programmable logic controller) automatic control and electrical cabinet manual control. Automatic control can set various parameters such as furnace temperature, heating curve, insulation time, etc. on the touch screen.

[0049] The fuel burner 3 is a device for mixing fuel (such as natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, kerosene, etc.) with air and igniting it to produce a high-temperature flame. In the melting furnace, the fuel burner 3 is used to provide an additional heating source to achieve a higher temperature or a faster heating speed. The delivery pipeline delivers fuel and air to the burner head. The delivery pipeline is usually made of a high-temperature resistant metal pipe, and the inner diameter and length are designed according to the flow and pressure requirements. The fuel and air are mixed in the furnace body 1 to form a combustible mixed gas.

[0050] The fuel burner 3 may also include an ignition device to ignite the mixed gas. For example, an electric spark igniter and a flame igniter. The electric spark igniter generates an electric spark through a high-voltage electrode, and the electric spark can ignite the gas mixture; the flame igniter uses a pilot flame. The fuel burner 3 may also include a regulating valve to adjust the ratio of fuel and air and control the size and temperature of the flame. The regulating valve includes a manual regulating valve and an automatic regulating valve, the latter of which can be automatically adjusted by a controller. The fuel burner 3 may also include a safety device to ensure the safe operation of the burner and prevent accidents. Specifically, the safety device may include a flameout protection device, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and the like. The flameout protection device can cut off the fuel supply when the flame is accidentally extinguished, and the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are used to monitor and control the working state of the burner.

[0051] Specifically, the fuel burner 3 can be a diffusion burner, in which the fuel and air enter the combustion chamber separately, and naturally mix and burn in the combustion chamber. The diffusion burner has a simple structure and does not require a complex mixing device. It is suitable for small heating equipment and laboratories. The fuel burner 3 can also be a premixed burner, in which the fuel and air are premixed before entering the combustion chamber, and then ejected and ignited, mixed evenly, burned completely, with a stable flame shape and uniform temperature, which is suitable for occasions such as melting furnaces that require efficient combustion. The fuel burner 3 can also be a swirl burner, in which the fuel and air form a vortex through a swirl device to increase the mixing effect and combustion efficiency. The swirl burner has a good mixing effect, and the vortex promotes the mixing of fuel and air, with high combustion efficiency, complete combustion, and high thermal efficiency. The fuel burner 3 can also be a multi-point burner, in which multiple burners 32 are arranged in a combustion chamber, and each burner 32 is independently ignited and adjusted. The burner 32 is a nozzle, which can eject and ignite the mixed gas to form a stable flame. The nozzle has multiple holes or slots to ensure that the gas is ejected evenly to form a stable flame. The temperature distribution of the multi-point burner is uniform, and multiple burners 32 can ensure uniform temperature in the furnace. The combustion state of each burner 32 can be adjusted independently.

[0052] A pressure fuel source is a fuel supply system that can provide and maintain a certain pressure, ensuring that the fuel can be delivered to the burner or other gas-using equipment at a stable speed and pressure. It can include components such as a fuel storage device, a pressure regulating device, a safety device, and a delivery pipeline. Specifically, the pressure fuel source can be a compressed gas tank, that is, a high-pressure tank for storing compressed gas (such as natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas LPG, carbon dioxide CO2, etc.). Compressed gas tanks can be stored at high pressure, usually with a storage pressure of more than several megapascals (MPa). Compressed gas tanks can also be equipped with safety valves, pressure gauges, thermometers, etc. to ensure safe operation. The pressure fuel source can also be a liquefied gas tank, a high-pressure tank for storing liquefied gas (such as liquefied petroleum gas LPG, liquefied natural gas LNG, etc.). It is stored in liquid form at room temperature and converted into gaseous form through an evaporator when used. The storage pressure is usually around several megapascals (MPa), and can be equipped with safety valves, pressure gauges, thermometers, liquid level gauges, etc. The pressure fuel source can also be a fuel gas generator that produces fuel gas through chemical reactions or physical processes. For example, fuel gases such as hydrogen and methane are produced through chemical reactions; fuel gases are produced through physical processes such as distillation. Fuel gas generators can generate fuel gas on-site as needed, avoiding the trouble of transportation and storage, and are suitable for laboratories, small production equipment, etc.

[0053] Through the above technical scheme, the present scheme heats the sample in the furnace body 1 simultaneously through the electric heating device 2 and the fuel burner 3, so that after an emergency power outage, the fuel burner 3 in the melting furnace can continue to heat the container 4 under the pressure of the pressurized fuel source, so that the set temperature is maintained in the furnace body 1, avoiding rapid cooling in the melting furnace, and the glass in the melting furnace cannot be taken out in time, causing the glass to condense in the container 4 and unable to be taken out, resulting in the failure of the experiment.

[0054] In some embodiments, the delivery pipeline includes a main pipeline 311, a first pipeline 312 and a second pipeline 313. The main pipeline 311 is connected to a pressure fuel source. The main pipeline 311 is connected to a pressure fuel source. One end of the first pipeline 312 and the second pipeline 313 are connected to the main pipeline 311. The other ends of the first pipeline 312 and the second pipeline 312 are connected together and extend into the furnace body 1. A manual valve 33 is provided on the first pipeline 311, and an electric valve 34 is provided on the second pipeline. The main pipeline 311 is used as a trunk pipeline to transport fuel from a pressure source (such as a compressed gas tank, a liquefied gas tank, etc.) to each branch pipeline. The main pipeline 311 adopts high-pressure resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, such as high-temperature alloys or high-strength plastics, to ensure long-term stable operation. The first pipeline 312 is used as a branch pipeline to transport part of the fuel to the burner 32. One end of the first pipeline 312 is connected to the main pipeline 311, and the other end is connected to the burner 32. The first pipeline 312 can also be made of high-pressure resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, such as high-temperature alloys or high-strength plastics, to ensure long-term stable operation. The manual valve 33 is arranged on the first pipeline 312, and is used to manually control the on and off of the fuel. It is used when the fuel flow needs to be manually adjusted or maintenance is performed. It is easy to operate and is suitable for temporary adjustment and emergency operation during power outages. The second pipeline 313 is another branch pipeline, which transports part of the fuel to the burner 32. One end of the second pipeline 313 is connected to the main pipeline 311, and the other end is connected to the burner 32. The electric valve 34 is arranged on the second pipeline 313, and is used to automatically control the on and off of the fuel. The fuel flow is automatically adjusted by the control system, and precise control is achieved, with fast response speed, which is suitable for automatic control and continuous operation.

[0055] Specifically, the manual valve 33 is a valve that controls the opening and closing of the valve or adjusts the flow rate by manual operation. They are used in occasions that require human intervention, such as temporary adjustment, maintenance and emergency operation. For example, the flow rate of fuel can be increased by adjusting the manual valve 33 during a power outage to ensure that the temperature in the furnace remains unchanged. More specifically, the manual valve 33 can be a ball valve, which controls the on and off of the fluid by rotating the ball, and the on and off operation can be completed by rotating 90 degrees. The sealing between the ball and the valve seat is good, which is suitable for high-pressure and high-temperature environments and is suitable for gas and liquid transportation systems, such as natural gas pipelines, chemical equipment, etc. The manual valve 33 can also be a gate valve, which controls the on and off of the fluid by moving the gate up and down. The manual valve 33 can also be a stop valve, which controls the on and off of the fluid by lifting or lowering the valve stem, and can finely adjust the fluid flow rate. It is suitable for occasions where precise flow adjustment is required, such as laboratory equipment, small production equipment, etc. The manual valve 33 can also be a butterfly valve, which controls the on and off of the fluid by rotating the butterfly plate. It is small in size and light in weight, and the on and off operation can be completed by rotating 90 degrees. It is suitable for occasions with large flow and low pressure. The electric valve 34 may be an electric ball valve, which controls the flow of fluid by driving the ball to rotate through an electric actuator. The electric valve 34 may also be an electric gate valve, which controls the flow of fluid by driving the gate plate to move up and down through an electric actuator. The electric valve 34 may also be an electric stop valve, which controls the flow of fluid by driving the valve stem to rise or fall through an electric actuator. The electric valve 34 may also be an electric butterfly valve, which controls the flow of fluid by driving the butterfly plate to rotate through an electric actuator.

[0056] When in use, the main pipeline 311 receives fuel from a pressure source (such as a compressed gas tank) and delivers it to the first pipeline 312 and the second pipeline 313. The first pipeline 312 controls the on-off of the fuel through a manual valve 33, and the manual valve 33 can be fully opened or half-opened, and the opening can also be adjusted. The second pipeline 313 controls the on-off of the fuel through an electric valve 34, and the electric valve 34 can be automatically adjusted by the control system. When a power outage is detected or observed, the operator can adjust the fuel flow of the first pipeline 312 through the manual valve 33. The electric valve 34 automatically adjusts the opening of the electric valve 34 through the control system to achieve precise control of the fuel flow. The control system can automatically adjust the opening of the electric valve 34 according to the set temperature curve or process requirements to ensure the stable operation of the burner.

[0057] In some embodiments, a controller and a backup power supply are also included. The controller is connected to the electric valve 34 and the electric heating device 2. The controller can adjust the opening of the electric valve 34 and the heating power of the electric heating device 2. The controller can adjust the opening of the electric valve 34 and the heating power of the electric heating device 2 through the control system. Specifically, the controller can be a PLC (programmable logic controller), which is suitable for complex control tasks and can be programmed to implement a variety of control strategies. The controller can also be a temperature controller, which is specifically used for temperature control to ensure accurate temperature control. The controller can realize remote monitoring and control through a network or wireless communication, and can also record parameters such as temperature and pressure to facilitate data analysis and fault diagnosis. It can also have functions such as over-temperature protection and over-voltage protection to ensure safe operation of the system. The backup power supply can provide backup power supply when the main power supply fails to ensure that the system continues to operate. The backup power supply can be a UPS (uninterruptible power supply): providing a short-term backup power supply, which is suitable for occasions where short-term continuous operation is required. The backup power supply can also be a generator that provides a long-term backup power supply, which is suitable for occasions where long-term continuous operation is required. The backup power supply can automatically switch to the backup power supply when the main power supply fails. The backup power supply can provide a stable power output to ensure the normal operation of the controller and the electric valve 34, thereby preventing the controller from stopping working after a power outage, cutting off the gas supply, and causing the temperature in the furnace body 1 to be too low. At the same time, the backup power supply only supplies power to the controller, and does not supply power to the electric heating device 2, which can save electricity, and only a small amount of electricity is needed to maintain the temperature in the furnace body 1.

[0058] In some embodiments, the electric heating device 2 includes a plurality of heating elements, a plurality of heating elements 21 are fixedly connected to the top of the furnace body 1, the plurality of heating elements 21 are respectively connected to the controller, and the plurality of heating elements are arranged around the container 4. The heating element 21 provides electric heating to ensure uniform temperature in the furnace. Specifically, the heating element 21 includes a resistance wire, a resistance belt, a resistance plate, etc. The plurality of heating elements 21 are fixedly connected to the top of the furnace body 1. The heating elements 21 are arranged around the container 4 to ensure uniform heat distribution. Depending on the size of the furnace body 1 and the heating requirements, a plurality of heating elements 21, such as 4, 6 or more, may be arranged.

[0059] In some embodiments, the heating element is a silicon-molybdenum rod, and one end of the silicon-molybdenum rod is bent toward the other end. Silicon-molybdenum rod (MoSi2) is a composite material composed of molybdenum (Mo) and silicon dioxide (SiO2). Since the temperature in the experimental furnace is as high as 1600°C, it is difficult for ordinary heating elements 21 to meet the use requirements. The experimental furnace designed by this patent uses silicon-molybdenum rods as heating elements. Silicon-molybdenum rods are resistant to high temperatures, oxidation, corrosion, fast heating, long life, small high-temperature deformation, easy installation and maintenance, and have good chemical stability. The maximum operating temperature is about 1700°C, which can meet the design requirements of the experimental furnace. The design of bending one end of the silicon-molybdenum rod to the other end can increase the heating area, improve the heating efficiency, and ensure uniform heat distribution. Specifically, the bending shape includes U-shape, W-shape, spiral shape, etc. The bending design increases the effective heating area of ​​the silicon-molybdenum rod and improves the heating efficiency. The bending design can make the heat more evenly distributed throughout the furnace to avoid local overheating. The bending design can make better use of the space inside the furnace body 1 and improve space utilization.

[0060] More specifically, the silicon-molybdenum rod can be fixed to the top or side wall of the furnace body 1 by a high temperature resistant fixing bracket. The fixing bracket is made of a high temperature resistant insulating material, such as ceramic or alumina, to prevent current leakage. One end of the silicon-molybdenum rod is connected to the power supply through a terminal, and the other end is fixed in the furnace body 1 through an insulating bracket.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the fuel burner 3 also includes a burner 32, and the burner 32 is connected to the other end of the delivery pipe 31. There are multiple burners 32, and multiple burners 32 are connected to the side wall of the furnace body 1, and multiple burners 32 are arranged around the container 4. Multiple burners 32 provide high-temperature flames to assist heating. Specifically, according to the size of the furnace body 1 and the heating requirements, multiple burners 32 can be set, for example, two burners are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the furnace body 1. Four, six or more burners can also be set. The burner 32 is connected to the side wall of the furnace body 1 and is arranged around the container 4 to ensure uniform heat distribution. Each burner 32 is connected to the fuel source through a high-temperature resistant pipe, and the fuel flow is controlled by an electric valve 34.

[0062] In some embodiments, the furnace body 1 is provided with a vent. It ensures the circulation and safety of the gas in the furnace, and can also adjust the atmosphere in the furnace to meet different heating requirements. The exhaust gas and smoke generated in the furnace can be discharged through the vent to keep the furnace clean. In the combustion process that requires oxygen, fresh air is introduced through the vent to ensure sufficient combustion. Excess heat can be discharged through the vent to prevent the temperature in the furnace from being too high. The circulation of gas can also help the temperature distribution in the furnace to be more uniform. More specifically, the opening of the vent can be adjusted by a manual valve 33 or a baffle, which is suitable for situations where temporary adjustment is required. The opening of the vent can also be adjusted by an electric valve 34 or an automatic control system, which is suitable for occasions where precise control is required. For example, an adjustable baffle can be set at the vent to adjust the opening of the vent, and the atmosphere in the furnace, such as oxygen content, humidity, etc., can be controlled to meet different heating requirements. In situations where flammable gases are used, flammable gases are discharged through the vent to prevent the risk of explosion. The pressure difference between the inside and outside of the furnace can be adjusted through the vent to prevent the pressure in the furnace from being too high or too low. In an emergency, harmful gases can be quickly discharged through the vents to ensure the safety of operators.

[0063] The vents can be arranged on the side walls of the furnace body 1, so that the atmosphere and temperature in the furnace can be better controlled. The vents can also be arranged on the top of the furnace body 1 to exhaust hot air and smoke. In the case where fresh air needs to be introduced, the vents can be arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 1. According to the size of the furnace body 1 and the heating requirements, multiple vents can be arranged to ensure smooth gas circulation. The size of the vents should be determined according to the flow rate and pressure requirements of the gas in the furnace. Too large or too small will affect the ventilation effect.

[0064] In some embodiments, the melting furnace also includes a temperature sensor, which is arranged near the container 4 and connected to the controller. The temperature sensor is arranged near the container 4 and connected to the controller. This design can realize accurate monitoring and control of the temperature in the furnace. The temperature sensor can monitor the temperature in the furnace and provide a feedback signal to the controller. Specifically, common temperature sensors include thermocouples, thermal resistors, etc. The temperature sensor is arranged near the container 4 to ensure the accuracy and representativeness of the temperature measurement. The temperature sensor is connected to the controller via a high temperature resistant wire. For example, a type B thermocouple can be installed to measure the temperature in the furnace. The thermocouple is installed in the middle of the experimental furnace and inserted to a depth of 5 cm outside the crucible.

[0065] In some embodiments, the sample melting furnace further includes a furnace door, which is arranged near the bottom of the furnace body 1, and the furnace door is arranged below the burner 32, so as to facilitate taking out the container 4 for adding materials or replacing samples, and avoid being burned by the flame in the furnace. Specifically, the furnace door of the sample melting furnace can be arranged on the side wall of the furnace body 1 near the bottom. The furnace door is arranged below the burner 32 to avoid being burned by the upward flame of the burner 32 when taking out. Specifically, the furnace door is made of high temperature resistant materials, such as high temperature alloys or refractory bricks. The furnace door has good sealing properties to prevent heat loss and the entry of external impurities. It can be opened manually or automatically. Manual opening is suitable for occasions that require frequent operation, and automatic opening can be remotely controlled and can avoid being burned by high temperature.

[0066] The automatic opening of the furnace door includes a furnace door structure, an actuator and a control system. The furnace door structure selects high temperature resistant materials, such as high temperature alloys or refractory bricks, to ensure the durability and safety of the furnace door. The size of the furnace door should be moderate to facilitate the operator to remove the container 4 without affecting the overall structure of the furnace body 1. The actuator can be an electric actuator, a pneumatic actuator and a hydraulic actuator. An electric actuator is used to drive the opening and closing of the furnace door. Electric actuators can provide precise control and greater driving force. Pneumatic actuators are used to drive the opening and closing of the furnace door. Pneumatic actuators respond quickly and are suitable for occasions that require rapid opening and closing. Hydraulic actuators are used to drive the opening and closing of the furnace door. Hydraulic actuators provide strong driving force and are suitable for heavy furnace doors.

[0067] The control system includes a controller and a sensor. The controller connected to the electric valve 34, the electric heating element 21 and the temperature sensor is also responsible for controlling the opening and closing of the furnace door. The sensor is used to detect the state of the furnace door and the temperature inside the furnace. The sensor includes a position sensor, a temperature sensor and a safety sensor. The position sensor detects the opening and closing state of the furnace door to ensure that the furnace door is fully closed or fully opened. The temperature sensor detects the temperature inside the furnace to ensure that the furnace door is opened within a safe temperature range. The safety sensor detects whether there is any abnormality in the furnace, such as overheating, gas leakage, etc., to ensure that the furnace door is opened in a safe state.

[0068] In some embodiments, the container 4 is slidably connected to the bottom of the furnace body 1. Specifically, a pulley or a slider is provided at the bottom of the container 4, which cooperates with the slide rail at the bottom of the furnace body 1 to achieve a sliding connection. The slide rail should be made of high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant materials, such as high-temperature alloys. High-temperature lubricant can be regularly applied between the slide rail and the pulley or slider to ensure smooth sliding. The slide rail design should consider anti-stuck measures to ensure that the container 4 does not get stuck during the sliding process. More specifically, the sliding of the container 4 can be automatically controlled by an electric actuator (such as a stepper motor or a servo motor). The controller drives the electric actuator to make the container 4 slide in or out of the furnace body 1 according to a preset program or the operator's instructions, thereby making it more convenient to add materials and avoiding high temperature burns during adding materials.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] A method for using a photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace comprises the following steps:

[0071] Using the electric heating device 2 and the fuel burner 3 to heat the container 4 in the furnace body 1 at the same time;

[0072] After detecting that the electric heating device 2 stops working, the fuel burner 3 continues to heat the container 4 so that the set temperature in the furnace body 1 is maintained.

[0073] The specific steps are as follows:

[0074] 1) Container 4 is placed:

[0075] Slide the container 4 containing the sample into the bottom of the furnace body 1 through the slide rail, and ensure that the container 4 completely enters the furnace body 1 and is accurately positioned.

[0076] Close the furnace door manually or automatically to ensure that it is well sealed.

[0077] 2) Start the electric heating device 2:

[0078] The desired melting temperature is set by the controller, usually the melting temperature of photovoltaic glass (about 1600°C).

[0079] Press the start button, the electric heating device 2 starts to work, and gradually increases the temperature in the furnace.

[0080] The temperature in the furnace is monitored in real time by a temperature sensor, and the heating power of the electric heating element 21 is adjusted by a controller to ensure that the temperature rises evenly.

[0081] 3) Start fuel burner 3:

[0082] Ensure that the electric heating device 2 has raised the temperature in the furnace to a temperature close to the set temperature.

[0083] The fuel burner 3 is started by the controller, and the burner begins to provide high temperature flame to assist in heating the container 4 .

[0084] The fuel flow of the burner is adjusted by the controller to ensure that the temperature in the furnace reaches and is maintained at the set value.

[0085] 4) Temperature control:

[0086] The electric heating device 2 and the fuel burner 3 work simultaneously to ensure that the temperature in the furnace rises rapidly and stabilizes at the set value.

[0087] The temperature in the furnace is monitored in real time by the temperature sensor, and the controller automatically adjusts the heating power of the electric heating element 21 and the burner according to the feedback signal to ensure accurate temperature control.

[0088] 5) Troubleshooting of electric heating device 2:

[0089] After the controller detects that the electric heating device 2 stops working or the power is off, it immediately issues an alarm and the backup power supply continues to supply power to the controller.

[0090] The controller automatically switches to the fuel burner 3 single heating mode to ensure that the temperature in the furnace is maintained at the set value.

[0091] Troubleshooting: The operator should promptly check the cause of the failure and power outage of the electric heating device 2, and repair or replace it.

[0092] 6) Sample melting:

[0093] The melting process of the sample can be monitored in real time through the observation window to ensure that the sample is melted evenly.

[0094] Record parameters such as temperature and time for subsequent analysis and optimization.

[0095] 7) Cooling and sampling:

[0096] When the sample is completely melted, the furnace door is opened manually or automatically, the container 4 is slid out of the furnace body 1 through the slide rail, the material is added into the container 4, and then the container 4 is put into the furnace body 1;

[0097] The above process is repeated until all materials are melted, and all melted photovoltaic glass samples are taken out from the container 4 for subsequent analysis and testing.

[0098] Through the above technical scheme, the present scheme heats the sample in the furnace body 1 simultaneously through the electric heating device 2 and the fuel burner 3, so that after an emergency power outage, the fuel burner 3 in the melting furnace can continue to heat the container 4 under the pressure of the pressurized fuel source, so that the set temperature is maintained in the furnace body 1, avoiding rapid cooling in the melting furnace, and the glass in the melting furnace cannot be taken out in time, causing the glass to condense in the container 4 and unable to be taken out, resulting in the failure of the experiment.

[0099] So far, various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. In order to avoid obscuring the concept of the present disclosure, some details known in the art are not described. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solution disclosed here.

[0100] Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. In particular, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace, characterized in that: include: A furnace body (1), wherein a container (4) is arranged in the furnace body (1), and the container (4) is used to contain a sample; An electric heating device (2), the electric heating device (2) being arranged in the furnace body (1) and being used for heating the container (4); A fuel burner (3), the fuel burner (3) comprising a delivery pipe (31), one end of the delivery pipe (31) being connected to a pressure fuel source, and the other end of the delivery pipe (31) extending into the furnace body (1) for heating the container (4).

2. The photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The delivery pipeline (31) comprises a main pipeline (311), a first pipeline (312) and a second pipeline (313); the main pipeline (311) is connected to the pressure fuel source; one end of the first pipeline (312) and the second pipeline (313) are connected to the main pipeline (311); the other ends of the first pipeline (312) and the second pipeline (313) are connected together and extend into the furnace body (1); a manual valve (33) is provided on the first pipeline (312); and an electric valve (34) is provided on the second pipeline (313).

3. The photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: a controller, the controller being connected to the electric valve (34) and the electric heating device (2), the controller being capable of adjusting the opening of the electric valve (34) and the heating power of the electric heating device (2); A backup power supply is connected to the controller.

4. The photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electric heating device (2) comprises a plurality of heating elements (21), wherein the plurality of heating elements (21) are fixedly connected to the top of the furnace body (1), the plurality of heating elements (21) are respectively connected to the controller, and the plurality of heating elements (21) are arranged around the container (4).

5. The photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heating element (21) is a silicon-molybdenum rod, one end of the silicon-molybdenum rod is bent toward the other end.

6. The photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel burner (3) further comprises a burner (32), and the burner (32) is connected to the other end of the delivery pipeline (31); A plurality of the burner guns (32) are provided, the plurality of the burner guns (32) are connected to the side wall of the furnace body (1), and the plurality of the burner guns (32) are arranged around the container (4); and a ventilation hole is provided on the furnace body (1).

7. The photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A temperature sensor is arranged near the container (4) and is connected to the controller.

8. The photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: A furnace door is arranged near the bottom of the furnace body (4), and the furnace door is arranged below the burner (32).

9. The photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: The container (4) is slidably connected to the bottom of the furnace body (1).

10. A method for using a photovoltaic glass experimental melting furnace, characterized in that: The steps include: Using an electric heating device (2) and a fuel burner (3) to heat a container (4) in a furnace body (1) at the same time; After detecting that the electric heating device (2) stops working, the fuel burner (3) continues to heat the container (4), so that the set temperature is maintained in the furnace body (1).

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