Special fertilizer suitable for whole growth period of vine hanging watermelons as well as preparation method and application of special fertilizer
By preparing a special fertilizer containing amino acids and a variety of nutrients, the problem of watermelon requiring different fertilizers in each period was solved, and the effect of simplifying fertilization and improving yield and quality was achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411891475.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-28
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, watermelons need to apply different fertilizers at each period, and the quality of fertilizers is uneven, resulting in cumbersome fertilization steps, which easily lead to environmental pollution and insignificant fertilization effect.
It provides a special fertilizer suitable for the whole growth period of the watermelon, which is made of amino acids, urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, calcium and magnesium phosphoric acid, humic acid, zinc sulfate, borax and sodium silicate, and through specific reactions, the amino acids and elements form chelates to prevent the loss of nutrients and improve absorption efficiency.
This special fertilizer can meet the nutritional needs of watermelons in each breeding period, simplify fertilization steps, prevent environmental pollution, and significantly improve the yield and quality of watermelons.
Smart Images
Figure BDA0005200758400000061 
Figure BDA0005200758400000071 
Figure BDA0005200758400000081
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop fertilizers, and in particular to a special fertilizer suitable for hanging vine watermelons during the whole growth period, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art
[0002] At present, there are many studies on watermelon fertilization technology in my country. Although most farmers have realized the significance of formula fertilization, they do not apply it to the use of watermelon fertilizers. When applying inorganic nutrients, they rarely consider the nutritional characteristics and fertilizer absorption rules of watermelon. They often apply only phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, and the time and frequency of fertilization are not properly controlled, which affects the yield and quality. At the same time, in recent years, in order to pursue watermelon yields, blind excessive fertilization has occurred from time to time, which not only reduces the quality of watermelon, but also causes excess nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus to flow into the water system, causing eutrophication of water bodies, which has a certain impact on the environment.
[0003] Watermelon requires different nutrients at different growth stages. In the prior art, there are many fertilizers prepared according to the characteristics of the nutrient requirements of watermelon at different growth stages. The application amount and application method of different products are different, and the quality varies. It is cumbersome to use, and the yield and quality of watermelon are not significantly improved. Nowadays, there is an urgent need for a special fertilizer suitable for the entire growth period of watermelon to meet the nutritional needs of each growth period, simplify the fertilization steps, prevent environmental pollution, and improve the yield and quality of watermelon.
[0004] Based on this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a special fertilizer suitable for the whole growth period of hanging vine watermelon and its preparation method and application, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that different fertilizers need to be applied to watermelon at different stages and the quality of different fertilizers is uneven, resulting in complicated fertilization steps, easy to cause environmental pollution, and unsignificant fertilization effect.
[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
[0007] The present invention provides a special fertilizer suitable for the whole growth period of hanging vine watermelon, which is prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
[0008] 10-20 parts of amino acids, 30-40 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of potassium sulfate, 13-23 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2-7 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 1-5 parts of humic acid, 6-10 parts of zinc sulfate, 6-10 parts of borax and 6-10 parts of sodium silicate.
[0009] Preferably, the amino acids include phenylalanine, glutamic acid, serine, aspartic acid, histidine and proline;
[0010] The mass ratio of phenylalanine:glutamic acid:serine:aspartic acid:histidine:proline is 1-2:1-2:1-2:2-4:1-2:1-2.
[0011] The present invention provides a method for preparing the special fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
[0012] (1) mixing amino acids, calcium magnesium phosphate, zinc sulfate, borax, sodium silicate and water, adjusting the pH to 5-6, and then heating, cooling and drying to obtain a mixture;
[0013] (2) The mixture obtained in step (1) is mixed with urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate and humic acid, and crushed to a particle size of 100 to 110 meshes to obtain a special fertilizer.
[0014] Preferably, the heating pressure in step (1) is 5 to 6 MPa.
[0015] Preferably, the heating method in step (1) is to first treat at a power of 320 to 340 W for 7 to 9 min, and then treat at a power of 590 to 610 W for 1 to 2 min.
[0016] The invention provides a method for using a special fertilizer suitable for the whole growth period of hanging vine watermelons. When planting hanging vine watermelons, the special fertilizer is applied to the field or substrate for 7 to 9 times;
[0017] The special fertilizer is the special fertilizer or the special fertilizer prepared by the preparation method.
[0018] Preferably, special fertilizers are applied during the germination period, seedling period, vine extension period and fruiting period of the hanging vine watermelon.
[0019] Preferably, the amount of the special fertilizer applied each time is 5 to 10 kg / mu.
[0020] The invention provides application of the special fertilizer or the special fertilizer prepared by the preparation method in improving the yield and quality of hanging vine watermelons.
[0021] The present invention has the following technical effects and advantages:
[0022] The present invention provides a special fertilizer suitable for the whole growth period of hanging vine watermelon, and a preparation method and application thereof. The special fertilizer of the present invention adds amino acids and nutrient elements required for the growth of hanging vine watermelon, and forms a chelate with the amino acids and elements through a specific reaction, which can prevent the loss of nutrient elements and is more easily absorbed by watermelon, and then is mixed with N, P, K elements and humic acid to prepare a special fertilizer, which can not only meet the nutrient requirements of hanging vine watermelon in various growth periods, but also promote the quality and yield of hanging vine watermelon. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The present invention provides a special fertilizer suitable for the whole growth period of hanging vine watermelon, which is prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
[0024] 10 to 20 parts of amino acids, preferably 15 parts; 30 to 40 parts of urea, preferably 35 parts; 10 to 20 parts of potassium sulfate, preferably 15 parts; 13 to 23 parts of monoammonium phosphate, preferably 18 parts; 2 to 7 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, preferably 5 parts; 1 to 5 parts of humic acid, preferably 3 parts; 6 to 10 parts of zinc sulfate, preferably 8 parts; 6 to 10 parts of borax, preferably 8 parts; 6 to 10 parts of sodium silicate, preferably 8 parts.
[0025] In the present invention, the amino acids include phenylalanine, glutamic acid, serine, aspartic acid, histidine and proline;
[0026] The mass ratio of phenylalanine:glutamic acid:serine:aspartic acid:histidine:proline is 1-2:1-2:1-2:2-4:1-2:1-2, preferably 1:1:1:2:1:1.
[0027] The present invention provides a method for preparing the special fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
[0028] (1) mixing amino acids, calcium magnesium phosphate, zinc sulfate, borax, sodium silicate and water, adjusting the pH to 5 to 6, preferably 6, and then heating, cooling and drying to obtain a mixture;
[0029] (2) The mixture obtained in step (1) is mixed with urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate and humic acid, crushed to a particle size of 100 to 110 meshes, preferably 105 meshes, and granulated to obtain a special fertilizer.
[0030] In the present invention, the heating in step (1) is microwave heating.
[0031] In the present invention, the heating pressure in step (1) is 5-6 MPa, preferably 6 MPa.
[0032] In the present invention, the heating method in step (1) is to first treat at a power of 320-340 W for 7-9 min, preferably at a power of 330 W for 8 min, and then treat at a power of 590-610 W for 1-2 min, preferably at a power of 600 W for 1.5 min.
[0033] In the present invention, the drying method in step (1) is spray drying, and the inlet air temperature of the spray drying is 180°C and the exhaust air temperature is 90°C.
[0034] The invention provides a method for using a special fertilizer suitable for the whole growth period of hanging vine watermelons. When planting hanging vine watermelons, the special fertilizer is applied to the field or substrate for 7 to 9 times, preferably 8 times;
[0035] The special fertilizer is the special fertilizer or the special fertilizer prepared by the preparation method.
[0036] In the present invention, special fertilizers are applied during the germination period, seedling period, vine extension period and fruiting period of the hanging vine watermelon.
[0037] In the present invention, the amount of the special fertilizer applied each time is 5-10 kg / mu, preferably 8 kg / mu.
[0038] The present invention also provides application of the special fertilizer or the special fertilizer prepared by the preparation method in improving the yield and quality of hanging vine watermelons.
[0039] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
[0040] Example 1
[0041] Mix phenylalanine: glutamic acid: serine: aspartic acid: histidine: proline in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:2:1:1 to obtain amino acids for later use.
[0042] 15 kg of amino acids were mixed with 5 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate, 8 kg of zinc sulfate, 8 kg of borax, 8 kg of sodium silicate and water, the pH value was adjusted to 6 with HCl solution, and then microwave heating was performed under a pressure of 6 MPa, first at a power of 330 W for 8 minutes, and then at a power of 600 W for 2 minutes, and a mixed solution was obtained by cooling, and the mixed solution was spray-dried, the inlet air temperature was set to 180° C., and the exhaust air temperature was set to 90° C. to obtain a mixture, and the obtained mixture was mixed with 35 kg of urea, 15 kg of potassium sulfate, 18 kg of monoammonium phosphate and 3 kg of humic acid, and crushed to a particle size of 105 meshes to obtain a special fertilizer.
[0043] Example 2
[0044] Mix phenylalanine: glutamic acid: serine: aspartic acid: histidine: proline in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:2:1:1 to obtain amino acids for later use.
[0045] 12 kg of amino acids were mixed with 4 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate, 7 kg of zinc sulfate, 6 kg of borax, 7 kg of sodium silicate and water, and the pH value was adjusted to 6 using HCl solution. The mixture was then subjected to microwave heating at a pressure of 6 MPa, first treated at a power of 328 W for 8 min, and then treated at a power of 610 W for 2 min. The mixture was cooled to obtain a mixed solution, and the mixed solution was spray-dried with the air inlet temperature set to 180° C. and the exhaust temperature set to 90° C. to obtain a mixture. The obtained mixture was mixed with 38 kg of urea, 17 kg of potassium sulfate, 15 kg of monoammonium phosphate and 2 kg of humic acid, and crushed to a particle size of 105 meshes to obtain a special fertilizer.
[0046] Example 3
[0047] Mix phenylalanine: glutamic acid: serine: aspartic acid: histidine: proline in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:2:1:1 to obtain amino acids for later use.
[0048] 18 kg of amino acids were mixed with 6 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate, 8 kg of zinc sulfate, 10 kg of borax, 7 kg of sodium silicate and water, and the pH value was adjusted to 6 using HCl solution. The mixture was then subjected to microwave heating at a pressure of 6 MPa, firstly treated at a power of 330 W for 7 min, and then treated at a power of 600 W for 2 min, and cooled to obtain a mixed solution. The mixed solution was spray-dried, and the inlet air temperature was set to 180° C. and the exhaust air temperature was set to 90° C. to obtain a mixture. The obtained mixture was mixed with 38 kg of urea, 18 kg of potassium sulfate, 20 kg of monoammonium phosphate and 4 kg of humic acid, and crushed to a particle size of 105 meshes to obtain a special fertilizer.
[0049] Comparative Example 1
[0050] The preparation method of the product is the same as that of Example 1, except that the amino acid component is omitted.
[0051] Comparative Example 2
[0052] Mix phenylalanine: glutamic acid: serine: aspartic acid: histidine: proline in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:2:1:1 to obtain amino acids for later use.
[0053] 15 kg of amino acids, 5 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate, 8 kg of zinc sulfate, 8 kg of borax, 8 kg of sodium silicate, 35 kg of urea, 15 kg of potassium sulfate, 18 kg of monoammonium phosphate and 3 kg of humic acid are mixed and crushed to a particle size of 105 mesh to obtain a special fertilizer.
[0054] Test Example 1
[0055] 1. Open field cultivation
[0056] (1) Test varieties
[0057] Hanging Vine Watermelon Golden Bit
[0058] (2) Test methods
[0059] Choose loam plots with deep soil layer, loose, fertile and good drainage as planting plots. Apply 2000kg of decomposed animal manure, 30kg of calcium fertilizer and 40kg of potassium fertilizer as base fertilizer per mu before planting. Plow the soil and make ridges with a width of 70cm and a height of 15cm. Sow the hanging vine watermelon Jinbit seeds and soak the seeds for germination before planting. The planting density is 800 plants per mu.
[0060] The plots were divided into 4 plots, numbered 1 to 4. Plot 1 was fertilized with the special fertilizer of Example 1, specifically, the special fertilizer was dissolved in water and fertilized by drip irrigation. The period from seed germination to cotyledon unfolding and true leaf exposure was the germination period, and the fertilizer was applied once, with an application amount of 5 kg / mu; the period from true leaf exposure to 5 to 6 true leaves was the seedling period, and the special fertilizer was applied twice, with an application amount of 6 kg / mu; the period from 5 to 6 true leaves to the opening of the female flowers of the melon node was the vine extension period, and the special fertilizer was applied twice, with an application amount of 8 kg / mu; the period from the opening of the female flowers of the fruit node to the maturity of the fruit was the fruiting period, and the special fertilizer was applied three times, with an application amount of 8 kg / mu each time. Plot 2 was fertilized with the fertilizer of Comparative Example 1, and the fertilization method was the same as that of Plot 1. Plot 3 was fertilized with the fertilizer of Comparative Example 2, and the fertilization method was the same as that of Plot 1. Plot 4 adopted conventional fertilization methods. During the germination period, Fujinmen's special water-soluble fertilizer for promoting root growth was applied at a rate of 5kg / mu, and during the seedling period, Sea Elf biostimulant root application type was applied at a rate of 6kg / mu; during the vine extension period, organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and Sea Elf biostimulant root application type were applied in combination, with 40kg of decomposed cake fertilizer, 15kg of urea and 15kg of potassium sulfate applied per mu, 5kg of Sea Elf biostimulant root application type, and decomposed cake fertilizer, urea and potassium sulfate applied in holes; during the fruiting period, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were mainly used, combined with nitrogen fertilizer, and applied in two times. When the young melons grew to the size of eggs, 20kg of diammonium phosphate and 15kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu. When the melons grew to the size of a bowl, 7kg of urea and 10kg of potassium sulfate were applied.
[0061] (3) Test results
[0062] 3.1 Germination period
[0063] The germination rates of plots 1 to 4 were observed during the germination period, and the results are shown in Table 1.
[0064] Table 1 Seedling emergence rate under different fertilization treatments
[0065] Plots 1 2 3 4 Seedling rate 95％ 83％ 87％ 94％
[0066] 3.2 Seedling stage
[0067] Ten strong seedlings were selected from plots 1 to 4, and their stem diameter, plant height, and total dry weight were measured to calculate the strong seedling index. The calculation formula of the strong seedling index is as follows:
[0068] Seedling index = stem diameter / plant height × total dry weight;
[0069] The results of seedling index of different plots are shown in Table 2.
[0070] Table 2 Growth characteristics of seedlings under different fertilization treatments
[0071] Plots 1 2 3 4 Stem diameter (mm) 5.12 4.23 4.57 4.89 Plant height(mm) 1827 1524 1635 1727 Total dry weight (mg) 585.23 457.64 468.21 550.27 Seedling index 1.64 1.27 1.31 1.56
[0072] 3.3 Spreading period
[0073] During the vine extension period of watermelon, the average values of main vine thickness, main vine length, main vine internode length, leaf length and leaf width of 10 watermelon plants in plots 1 to 4 were measured. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0074] Table 3 Growth characteristics of plants during the creeping period under different fertilization treatments
[0075]
[0076]
[0077] 3.4 Fruiting period
[0078] After the watermelons were harvested, 20 mature watermelons were randomly selected from plots 1 to 4 to measure the average values of single fruit weight, yield, fruit shape index (ratio of longitudinal diameter to transverse diameter), and soluble solid content. The results are shown in Table 4.
[0079] Table 4 Yield and quality of watermelon under different fertilization treatments
[0080] Plots 1 2 3 4 Single fruit weight (kg) 1.03 0.79 0.86 0.94 Yield (kg / mu) 1750 1626 1653 1684 Fruit type index 1.32 1.08 1.15 1.26 Soluble solid content (%) 10.34 8.79 9.24 9.84
[0081] 2. Facility cultivation
[0082] (1) Test varieties
[0083] Hanging Vine Watermelon Golden Bit
[0084] (2) Test methods
[0085] Purchase cultivation substrate, disinfect and sterilize it, then lay the substrate in 12 planting troughs with a top width of 30 cm, a bottom width of 20 cm, a height of 24 cm, and a length of 300 cm. Plant the soaked hanging vine watermelon Jinbit seeds in the cultivation troughs, plant two rows in each planting trough, with a planting spacing of 20 cm and a row spacing of 15 cm. Use drip irrigation for irrigation and fertilization.
[0086] The 12 planting troughs were randomly divided into 4 groups, numbered 1 to 4. Group 1 was fertilized with the special fertilizer of Example 1. The period from seed germination to cotyledon unfolding and true leaf exposure was the germination period, and the special fertilizer was applied once, with an application amount of 6 kg / mu; the period from true leaf exposure to 5 to 6 true leaves was the seedling period, and the special fertilizer was used twice, with an application amount of 7 kg / mu; the period from 5 to 6 true leaves to the opening of the female flowers of the melon node was the vine extension period, and the special fertilizer was applied twice, with an application amount of 9 kg / mu; the period from the opening of the female flowers of the fruit node to the maturity of the fruit was the fruiting period, and the special fertilizer was applied 3 times, with an application amount of 9 kg / mu each time. Group 2 was fertilized with the fertilizer of Comparative Example 1, and the fertilization method was the same as that of Group 1. Group 3 was fertilized with the fertilizer of Comparative Example 2, and the fertilization method was the same as that of Group 1. Group 4 was fertilized with conventional water-soluble fertilizers. During the germination period, Fujinmen's special water-soluble fertilizer for promoting root growth was applied at a rate of 5kg / mu. During the seedling period, Sea Elf biostimulant root application type was applied at a rate of 6kg / mu. During the vine extension period, chemical fertilizers were applied in combination with Sea Elf biostimulant root application type, with 15kg / mu of urea and 15kg / mu of potassium sulfate, and 5kg / mu of Sea Elf biostimulant root application type. During the fruiting period, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were mainly used, combined with nitrogen fertilizers, and applied in two times. When the young melons grew to the size of eggs, 20kg / mu of diammonium phosphate and 15kg / mu of potassium sulfate were applied. When the melons grew to the size of a bowl, 17kg / mu of urea and 20kg / mu of potassium sulfate were applied.
[0087] (3) Test results
[0088] 3.1 Germination period
[0089] The germination rates of plots 1 to 4 were observed during the germination period, and the results are shown in Table 5.
[0090] Table 5 Seedling emergence rate under different fertilization treatments
[0091] Group No. 1 2 3 4 Seedling rate 98％ 89％ 93％ 95％
[0092] 3.2 Seedling stage
[0093] Ten healthy seedlings were selected from groups 1 to 4, and their stem diameter, plant height, and total dry weight were measured to calculate the seedling index. The calculation formula of the seedling index is as follows:
[0094] Seedling index = stem diameter / plant height × total dry weight;
[0095] The results of seedling index of different plots are shown in Table 6.
[0096] Table 6 Growth characteristics of seedlings under different fertilization treatments
[0097] Group No. 1 2 3 4 Stem diameter (mm) 5.73 4.69 5.13 5.41 Plant height(mm) 1946 1742 1768 1835 Total dry weight (mg) 625.32 524.68 546.32 581.24 Seedling index 1.84 1.41 1.59 1.71
[0098] 3.3 Spreading period
[0099] During the vine extension period of watermelon, the average values of main vine thickness, main vine internode length, leaf length and leaf width of 10 watermelon plants in plots 1 to 4 were measured. The results are shown in Table 7.
[0100] Table 7 Growth characteristics of plants during the creeping period under different fertilization treatments
[0101]
[0102]
[0103] 3.4 Fruiting period
[0104] After the watermelons were harvested, 20 ripe watermelons were randomly selected from groups 1 to 4 to measure the average values of single fruit weight, yield, fruit shape index (ratio of longitudinal diameter to transverse diameter), and soluble solid content. The results are shown in Table 8.
[0105] Table 8 Yield and quality of watermelon under different fertilization treatments
[0106] Plots 1 2 3 4 Single fruit weight (kg) 1.15 0.84 0.96 1.02 Yield (kg / mu) 1794 1658 1697 1716 Fruit type index 1.31 1.05 1.16 1.23 Soluble solid content (%) 12.18 10.06 10.68 11.15
[0107] Analysis
[0108] By comparing the germination rates of watermelon seeds cultivated in the open field and in facilities, it was found that, regardless of open field cultivation or facility cultivation, the germination rate of watermelon seeds applied with the fertilizer of Example 1 was significantly higher than that of the fertilizers of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, indicating that the addition of amino acids can increase the germination rate of seeds, and chelating with calcium magnesium phosphate, zinc sulfate, borax, and sodium silicate to form amino acid chelates can further increase the germination rate of watermelon seeds. Compared with the existing water-soluble fertilizers specifically for promoting root growth, the effect is comparable, indicating that the special fertilizer of Example 1 can meet the nutrients required for the growth and germination of watermelon seeds.
[0109] By comparing the growth characteristics of watermelon seedlings in open field cultivation and facility cultivation, it was found that the watermelon seedlings treated with the special fertilizer of Example 1 had a higher seedling strength index than those treated with comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 and the root application type of the sea elf biostimulant, indicating that the special fertilizer of Example 1 can improve the growth characteristics of watermelon seedlings and meet the nutritional elements required for the growth of watermelon seedlings.
[0110] By comparing the growth characteristics of watermelon plants in the vine-extending period under open field cultivation and facility cultivation, it was found that the watermelon plants applied with the special fertilizer of Example 1 grew vigorously during the vine-extending period, and various indicators were better than those of the watermelon plants applied with comparative examples 1 and 2 and conventional fertilizers. In addition, the plants had a large leaf area and strong photosynthesis, which was conducive to the accumulation of watermelon nutrients and improved the quality of the watermelon.
[0111] By comparing the yield and quality of watermelons in the fruiting period of open field cultivation and facility cultivation, it is known that the average single fruit weight of watermelons harvested from the plots where the special fertilizer of Example 1 is applied is 1.03-1.15 kg, the per mu yield is 1750-1794 kg / mu, the fruit type index is 1.31-1.32, and the soluble solid content is 10.34%-12.18%. The measured indicators are all better than those of watermelons harvested from the plots where the special fertilizer of Example 1 is applied and the conventional fertilizer is applied. This shows that applying the special fertilizer of Example 1 during the fruiting period of watermelons can provide sufficient nutrition for the plants to set and bear fruit, and can also improve the quality and yield of watermelon fruits.
[0112] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention provides a special fertilizer suitable for the whole growth period of hanging vine watermelon and its preparation method and application. The special fertilizer of the present invention adds amino acids and elements required for the growth of watermelon, and forms a chelate with the amino acids and elements through a specific reaction, which can prevent the loss of nutrient elements and is more easily absorbed by watermelon, and then is mixed with N, P, K elements and humic acid to prepare a special fertilizer, which can not only meet the nutritional needs of watermelon in various growth periods, but also promote the quality and yield of watermelon.
[0113] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A special fertilizer suitable for the whole growth period of hanging vine watermelon, characterized in that: Prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of amino acids, 30-40 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of potassium sulfate, 13-23 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2-7 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 1-5 parts of humic acid, 6-10 parts of zinc sulfate, 6-10 parts of borax and 6-10 parts of sodium silicate.
2. The special fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amino acids include phenylalanine, glutamic acid, serine, aspartic acid, histidine and proline; The mass ratio of phenylalanine:glutamic acid:serine:aspartic acid:histidine:proline is 1-2:1-2:1-2:2-4:1-2:1-2.
3. The method for preparing the special fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) mixing amino acids, calcium magnesium phosphate, zinc sulfate, borax, sodium silicate and water, adjusting the pH to 5-6, and then heating, cooling and drying to obtain a mixture; (2) The mixture obtained in step (1) is mixed with urea, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate and humic acid, and crushed to a particle size of 100 to 110 meshes to obtain a special fertilizer.
4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating pressure in step (1) is 5-6 MPa.
5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating method in step (1) is to first treat at a power of 320 to 340 W for 7 to 9 minutes, and then treat at a power of 590 to 610 W for 1 to 2 minutes.
6. A method for using a special fertilizer suitable for the whole growth period of hanging vine watermelon, characterized in that: When planting hanging vine watermelons, apply special fertilizers to the field or substrate through drip irrigation, 7 to 9 times; The special fertilizer is the special fertilizer described in any one of claims 1 to 2 or the special fertilizer prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 3 to 5.
7. The method of use according to claim 6, characterized in that: Apply special fertilizers during the germination, seedling, vine extension and fruiting stages of hanging vine watermelons.
8. The method of use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The amount of the special fertilizer applied each time is 5 to 10 kg / mu.
9. Use of the special fertilizer described in any one of claims 1 to 2 or the special fertilizer prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 3 to 5 in improving the yield and quality of hanging vine watermelons.