Super-molecular deicing fluid based on super-long-chain glucosamide and preparation method of super-molecular deicing fluid

Abstract

The invention discloses supramolecular self-assembly deicing fluid based on ultra-long-chain glucosamide and a preparation method thereof. The supramolecular self-assembly deicing fluid comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-72% of alcohol; 20%-89% of deionized water; and 1%-8% of a surfactant. The surface active agent is at least one of super-long chain glucosamide nonionic surface active agents. The invention also provides a preparation method of the deicing and anti-icing fluid. Hydrophilic head groups in synthetic raw materials of the surfactant are glucose derivatives of meglumine and glucamine, hydrophobic head groups are byproducts of oleic acid, erucic acid and nervonic acid in the rapeseed processing process, all the raw materials are biomass raw materials, and the surfactant has the advantages of low toxicity, environmental friendliness and the like, does not contain ionic head groups in a molecular structure, and is suitable for industrial production. No corrosion is caused to metal, plastic and the like. Thickening of the deicing and anti-icing fluid depends on the supramolecular self-assembly aggregate of the nonionic surfactant, and due to weak interaction and reversibility of supramolecular self-assembly, the risk that hydrogel is formed again in the take-off process is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of deicing and anti-icing fluids, and specifically relates to a supramolecular non-Newtonian deicing and anti-icing fluid based on a super-long-chain glucose amide non-ionic surfactant and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In winter in high-altitude and cold regions, when an aircraft is passing through a stopover or staying overnight at an airport, condensation such as ice, snow, and frost may accumulate on its outer surface. These condensations not only increase the weight of the aircraft, but also make the aircraft surface rough, resulting in increased drag and reduced lift during flight, seriously affecting flight safety. Therefore, aviation standard manuals in various countries require that aircraft must be de-iced and anti-iced before takeoff.

[0003] At present, although a variety of aircraft surface deicing methods have been developed, such as mechanical deicing, hot air deicing, ultrasonic deicing and the use of anti-icing coating materials, the most widely used and most effective deicing is still chemical deicing, especially non-Newtonian deicing fluid. Non-Newtonian deicing fluid can be rapidly diluted at the high shear rate of the nozzle, so it is easy to spray from the storage tank to the aircraft surface and play a deicing role; after reaching the aircraft surface, the shear rate returns to "0", and the viscosity of the deicing fluid can reach the highest value again, so it is easy to cover the aircraft surface and play an anti-icing function.

[0004] Non-Newtonian de-icing and anti-icing fluids are usually composed of polyols, water, thickeners and rust inhibitors, among which the thickener is the key component that gives the liquid anti-icing properties and shear-thinning properties. At present, the non-Newtonian de-icing fluids used are mainly thickened by water-soluble high molecular polymers in alcohol / water mixtures. These polymers are usually non-renewable petroleum-based compounds such as synthetic polyacrylic acid and its derivatives. After these thickened liquids are sprayed onto the surface of the aircraft using a high-pressure nozzle, the de-icing and anti-icing of the aircraft in a stationary state are achieved. Most of the de-icing and anti-icing fluids will be blown away when the aircraft takes off, but polymer thickeners may still remain in hidden parts such as wings and elevators. These water-soluble polymers easily absorb moisture in the air in a high-altitude and low-temperature environment, forming hydrogels and freezing, which in turn leads to blockage of control components such as elevators and landing gear during descent, which easily buries safety hazards. In addition, during the spraying process, the high shear force of the nozzle may destroy the polymer molecular chain, causing it to degrade, reduce the thickening effect, and thus weaken or even fail the de-icing and anti-icing performance.

[0005] Therefore, developing a deicing fluid that is low in corrosion, environmentally friendly, made of renewable raw materials and does not contain polymers has become a difficult problem that the industry needs to solve urgently. Reducing or even eliminating the use of polymers and added salts in aircraft de-icing fluid is a key path to effectively solve the above problems. The patent application with publication number CN105199671A discloses "an anti-icing fluid thickened by oligomeric cationic surfactants and a preparation method thereof", and obtains an anti-icing fluid thickened by oligomeric cationic surfactants. The anti-icing fluid successfully achieves excellent viscosity-increasing effects by adding oligomeric cationic surfactants to a mixed solution of polyols and water, and forms a non-Newtonian anti-icing fluid. However, in order to promote the self-assembly of these surfactants into long worm-like micelles to increase viscosity, it is still necessary to add a higher concentration of inorganic salts or organic salts. Although this approach is effective, it also brings two major problems: one is that the anti-icing fluid increases the risk of corrosion to the aircraft surface, and the other is that it may cause instability in the anti-icing fluid system, affecting the safety of use. The patent application with publication number CN106883819A details a de-icing fluid based on ultra-long chain viscoelastic surfactants and its preparation method. This technology successfully developed an aircraft de-icing fluid that does not require the addition of polymers and inorganic or organic salts. Through the viscosity-increasing properties of ultra-long chain surfactants, the traditional formula is simplified, and the environmental impact and cost of the product are reduced. However, this technology still faces challenges in practical applications. First, the preparation process of the surfactant used is complicated, involving high-temperature reaction (165°C) and low-temperature crystallization (-20°C), resulting in high energy consumption. Secondly, some raw materials may have a greater impact on the environment, and due to the high concentration of surfactants, the cost of the de-icing fluid is further increased. The patent application with publication number CN108441171A discloses "an aircraft de-icing fluid thickened with an alkyl alcohol amine surfactant and its preparation method", and obtains an aircraft de-icing fluid constructed with an alkyl alcohol amine surfactant. The synthetic raw materials of the surfactant used are mainly petroleum-based raw materials, which are not renewable. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a supramolecular deicing fluid based on ultra-long chain glucosamide and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the defects of the existing deicing fluid that it is easy to form hydrogel on the aircraft surface and cause corrosion, and the polymer thickener is easy to shear and degrade.

[0007] The specific principle of the deicing fluid of the present invention is that the ultra-long chain glucose amide nonionic surfactant self-assembles into worm-like micelles in an alcohol / water mixture through supramolecular effects such as hydrophobic effects. When the surfactant concentration is high, the worm-like micelles entangle with each other to form supramolecular assemblies, which show strong viscosity-increasing behavior on a macro scale and play the role of a polymer thickener. However, unlike polymer thickeners, the supramolecular assembly force is weak and reversible. During the takeoff of an aircraft, the supramolecular assembly of worm-like micelles is disassembled by shear force, and the disassembled small molecule surfactant is easily blown off, which can avoid the accumulation and re-formation of hydrogels like polymer thickeners, thereby greatly reducing the safety hazards brought by the deicing fluid.

[0008] The supermolecular deicing and anti-icing fluid based on ultra-long-chain glucose amide provided by the present invention has the following components and the mass percentage of each component: alcohol, 10% to 72%; deionized water, 20% to 89%; surfactant, 1% to 8%. The surfactant is at least one of the ultra-long-chain glucose alkylamide nonionic surfactants having the following general structural formula.

[0009]

[0010] In the formula, R1 in the hydrophilic head group is CH3 or CH2CH3, the hydrophobic tail chain is characterized by containing an unsaturated bond, and n is 1, 5 or 7.

[0011] The surfactant used in the deicing fluid is a non-ionic surfactant, the hydrophilic head group in the synthetic raw material is glucose derivatives methylglucamine and ethylglucamine, and the hydrophobic head group is oleic acid, erucic acid or nervonic acid, which are byproducts in the rapeseed processing process, all of which are biomass raw materials. The surfactant not only has the advantages of biorenewability, low toxicity and environmental friendliness, but also does not contain ionic head groups in the molecular structure, is non-corrosive to metals, plastics, etc., and does not contain polymers, greatly reducing the risk of forming hydrated gels.

[0012] In the above technical scheme of the present invention, the ultra-long chain glucose amide nonionic surfactant is preferably at least one of N-octadecanedose carboxamide, N-octadecanedose acetamide, N-docosanedose carboxamide, N-docosanedose acetamide, N-tetracosanedose carboxamide and N-tetracosanedose acetamide.

[0013]

[0014] N-octadecanedulose carboxamide (UC 18 GMe)

[0015]

[0016] N-octadecanedose acetamide (UC18 GEt)

[0017]

[0018] N-docosyl glucose carboxamide (UC 22 GMe)

[0019]

[0020] N-docosylglucoside acetamide (UC 22 GEt)

[0021]

[0022] N-Tetracosyl Glucose Carboxamide (UC 24 GMe)

[0023]

[0024] N-Tetracosylglucose acetamide (UC 24 GEt)

[0025] The above-mentioned ultra-long chain glucose amide nonionic surfactant is prepared by the following method:

[0026] Step 1: Add meglumine or ethylglucamine to a solvent, and add a catalyst DMAP or NaF, mix and activate the amine group by high shear stirring at 10 to 30° C. for 20 to 40 minutes to obtain solution A; dissolve oleic acid, erucic acid or nervonic acid in a solvent to obtain solution B.

[0027] Step 2: Mix solution A and solution B by high shear mixing, stir and react at 10-30° C. for 8-24 hours, and remove the organic solvent after the reaction to obtain a crude product of ultra-long chain glucose amide nonionic surfactant.

[0028] Step 3: The obtained crude product is dissolved in dichloromethane, and acetone is slowly added dropwise at 15-45° C. for crystallization to obtain a purified ultra-long-chain glucose amide nonionic surfactant.

[0029] The mass ratio of meglumine or ethylglucamine to its solvent in step 1 is 1:(50-60); the mass ratio of meglumine or ethylglucamine to the catalyst is 1:(0.002-0.003).

[0030] The molar ratio of oleic acid, erucic acid or nervonic acid to meglumine or ethylglucamine in step 1 is 1:(0.8-0.95); the mass ratio of oleic acid, erucic acid or nervonic acid to its solvent is 1:(20-30).

[0031] The solvent in step 1 is at least one of methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol.

[0032] The high shear method in step 1 is to use a high shear mixer to mix at 8000-12000 rpm and 25° C. for 30 minutes to obtain solution A.

[0033] In step 2, oleic acid, erucic acid or nervonic acid is dissolved in a solvent, and solution B is obtained by ultrasonic mixing using an ultrasonic mixer.

[0034] Step 2: Mix solution A and solution B using a high shear mixer at 25° C. and 8000-12000 rpm until they are fully mixed.

[0035] The method for removing the organic solvent in step 2 is reduced pressure distillation.

[0036] The mass ratio of the crude product to dichloromethane in step 3 is 1:(45-55); the mass ratio of the dripped acetone to dichloromethane is 1:(0.5-0.8). In the above technical solution of the present invention, the alcohol is at least one of a divalent alkyl alcohol having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and a polyvalent alkyl alcohol having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. The divalent alkyl alcohol is preferably at least one of ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, and 1,3-propylene glycol, and the polyvalent alkyl alcohol is preferably glycerol.

[0037] In the above technical solution of the present invention, the mass percentage of each component is preferably as follows: 22% to 70% alcohol, 22% to 70% deionized water, and 1% to 8% ultra-long chain glucose amide nonionic surfactant.

[0038] The method for preparing the supramolecular deicing and anti-icing fluid based on ultra-long-chain glucose amide provided by the present invention is as follows: after deionized water and alcohol are mixed and stirred evenly, ultra-long-chain glucose amide nonionic surfactant is added at room temperature and stirred until it is completely dissolved. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. Reversibility of supramolecular action: Supramolecular action can form worm-like micelle assemblies with similar viscosity-increasing properties as polymer solutions. However, since supramolecular forces are weak and reversible, the strong shear force during takeoff can cause the surfactant supramolecular assemblies to be disassembled and easily blown off, thereby minimizing safety hazards.

[0040] 2. Environmental protection: The surfactant used in the present invention is derived from renewable biomass raw materials, has low toxicity and environmental friendliness, and reduces negative impacts on the environment.

[0041] 3. Corrosion resistance: The nonionic surfactant used in the present invention does not contain an ionic head group, and is therefore non-corrosive to AMS 5045 carbon steel and AMS 4041 aluminum alloy, etc., ensuring the safe use of the product on aircraft surfaces.

[0042] 4. It is not easy to form hydrogel after takeoff: the de-icing fluid of the present invention does not contain any polymer, thereby effectively reducing the formation of hydrated gel and avoiding the performance instability that may be caused.

[0043] 5. Freezing point adjustability: The freezing point of the de-icing and anti-icing fluid of the present invention can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the ratio of alcohol to water, and the lowest freezing point can reach -68.6°C. It has a wide range of applications and can meet the use requirements in different environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 The viscosity-shear rate relationship diagram of 8% N-octadecanedglucose carboxamide in a water / alcohol (ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol or 1,3-propylene glycol) mixed solvent at -20°C of Example 26;

[0045] Figure 2 The viscosity-shear rate relationship diagram of 5% N-docosyl glucose acetamide in a water / alcohol (ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol or 1,3-propylene glycol) mixed solvent at -20°C of Example 27;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a viscosity-shear rate relationship diagram of 5% N-docosyl glucose acetamide in a water / ethylene glycol mixed solvent at different temperatures in Example 28;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a viscosity-shear rate relationship diagram of 1% N-docosyl glucose acetamide in a water / glycerol mixed solvent at different temperatures in Example 29;

[0048] Figure 5 5% UC of Example 30 22 GEt H2O / PG (v / v=50 / 50) mixed solvent (a), 5% UC 24 GMeH2O / PG (v / v=50 / 50) mixed solvent (b), 5% UC 24 GEt H2O / GLY (v / v=50 / 50) mixed solvent (c), 5% UC 22 GMe H2O / EG (v / v=50 / 50) mixed solvent (d), 5% UC 18 GEt H2O / EG (v / v=50 / 50) mixed solvent (e) and 5% UC 18Antifreeze performance test of aircraft de-icing fluid of GMe H2O / GLY (v / v=50 / 50) mixed solvent (f) at -30°C;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a comparison diagram of the AMS 5045 carbon steel of Example 31 before and after corrosion in H2O / EG (v / v=50 / 50) solution;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a comparison diagram of the AMS 5045 carbon steel of Example 31 before and after corrosion in H2O / PG (v / v=50 / 50) solution;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a comparison diagram of the AMS 5045 carbon steel of Example 31 before and after corrosion by 5% polyether surfactant H2O / PG (v / v=50 / 50) de-icing fluid;

[0052] Fig. 9 This is a comparison diagram of AMS 5045 carbon steel of Example 31 before and after corrosion by 5% CTAB H2O / PG (v / v=50 / 50) de-icing fluid;

[0053] Fig.10 AMS 5045 carbon steel of Example 31 - 5% UC 22 Comparison of GEt H2O / PG (v / v=50 / 50) de-icing fluid before and after corrosion;

[0054] Fig.11 AMS 5045 carbon steel of Example 31 - 5% UC 18 Comparison of GEt H2O / EG (v / v=50 / 50) de-icing fluid before and after corrosion;

[0055] Fig.12 AMS 5045 carbon steel of Example 31 - 5% UC 22 Comparison of GMe H2O / EG (v / v=50 / 50) de-icing fluid before and after corrosion;

[0056] Fig.13 AMS 4041 aluminum alloy of Example 31 - 5% UC 24 Comparison of GEt H2O / PG (v / v=50 / 50) de-icing fluid before and after corrosion;

[0057] Fig.14 AMS 4041 aluminum alloy of Example 31 - 5% UC 22 Comparison of GEt H2O / GLY (v / v=50 / 50) de-icing fluid before and after corrosion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The present invention is further described below by way of examples. It is necessary to point out that the following examples are only used to further illustrate the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present invention according to the above-mentioned invention content and implement the invention specifically, which still falls within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0059] In the following examples, all surfactants used were synthesized by ourselves, and all alcohols were commercial reagents.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0062] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 46.86 Ethylene glycol 52.14 N-Octadecanedose carboxamide 1

[0063] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of ethylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-octadecanedose carboxamide, and stir until the N-octadecanedose carboxamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0064] The freezing point of the deicing fluid is -40.7°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0067] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 47.28 1,2-Propanediol 49.72 N-Octadecanedose carboxamide 3

[0068] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of 1,2-propylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-octadecanedulose carboxamide, and stir until the N-octadecanedulose carboxamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0069] The freezing point of the deicing fluid is -36.1°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0072] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 46.22 1,3-Propanediol 45.78 N-Octadecanedose carboxamide 8

[0073] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of 1,3-propylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-octadecanedulose carboxamide, and stir until the N-octadecanedulose carboxamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0074] The freezing point of the deicing fluid is -30.0°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] The formula of the de-icing fluid described in this embodiment is listed in the following table:

[0077] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 42.06 Glycerol 52.94 N-Octadecanedose carboxamide 5

[0078] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of glycerol into deionized water at room temperature, then add N-octadecanedose carboxamide, and stir until the N-octadecanedose carboxamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0079] The freezing point of the deicing and anti-icing fluid is -31.9°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing and anti-icing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0080] Example 5

[0081] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of ethylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-octadecanedose acetamide, and stir until the N-octadecanedose acetamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0085] The freezing point of the deicing fluid is -41.2°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0086] Example 6

[0087] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0088] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 46.90 1,2-Propanediol 49.10 N-Octadecanedose acetamide 4

[0089] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of 1,2-propylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-octadecanedulose acetamide, and stir until the N-octadecanedulose acetamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0090] The freezing point of the deicing and anti-icing fluid is -36.5°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing and anti-icing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0091] Example 7

[0092] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0093] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 46.15 1,3-Propanediol 47.85 N-Octadecanedose acetamide 6

[0094] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of 1,3-propylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-octadecanedulose acetamide, and stir until the N-octadecanedulose acetamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0095] The freezing point of the deicing fluid is -29.9°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0096] Example 8

[0097] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0098] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 40.67 Glycerol 51.33 N-Octadecanedose acetamide 8

[0099] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of glycerol into deionized water at room temperature, then add N-octadecanedose acetamide, and stir until the N-octadecanedose acetamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0100] The freezing point of the deicing fluid is -32.0°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0101] Example 9

[0102] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0103] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 46.86 Ethylene glycol 52.14 N-docosyl glucose carboxamide 1

[0104] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of ethylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-docosyl glucose carboxamide, and stir until the N-docosyl glucose carboxamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0105] The freezing point of the deicing fluid is -41.7°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0106] Example 10

[0107] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0108] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 47.28 1,2-Propanediol 49.72 N-docosyl glucose carboxamide 3

[0109] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of 1,2-propylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-docosyl glucose carboxamide, and stir until the N-docosyl glucose carboxamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0110] The freezing point of the deicing fluid is -36.1°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0111] Embodiment 11

[0112] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0113] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 47.53 1,3-Propanediol 48.47 N-docosyl glucose carboxamide 4

[0114] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of 1,3-propylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-docosyl glucose carboxamide, and stir until the N-docosyl glucose carboxamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0115] The freezing point of the deicing and anti-icing fluid measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91 is -28.9°C, indicating that the deicing and anti-icing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0116] Example 12

[0117] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0118] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 42.06 Glycerol 52.94 N-docosyl glucose carboxamide 5

[0119] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of glycerol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-docosyl glucose carboxamide, and stir until the N-docosyl glucose carboxamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0120] The freezing point of the deicing and anti-icing fluid measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91 is -31.8°C, indicating that the deicing and anti-icing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0121] Embodiment 13

[0122] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0123] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 46.86 Ethylene glycol 52.14 N-docosylglucoside acetamide 1

[0124] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of ethylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-docosyl glucose acetamide, and stir until the N-docosyl glucose acetamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0125] The freezing point of the deicing and anti-icing fluid measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91 is -40.9°C, indicating that the deicing and anti-icing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0126] Embodiment 14

[0127] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0128] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 47.28 1,2-Propanediol 49.72 N-docosylglucoside acetamide 3

[0129] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of 1,2-propylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-docosyl glucose acetamide, and stir until the N-docosyl glucose acetamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0130] The freezing point of the deicing and anti-icing fluid is -36.4°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing and anti-icing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0131] Embodiment 15

[0132] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0133] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 47.53 1,3-Propanediol 48.47 N-docosylglucoside acetamide 4

[0134] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of 1,3-propylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-docosyl glucose acetamide, and stir until the N-docosyl glucose acetamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0135] The freezing point of the deicing fluid is -30.2°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0136] Example 16

[0137] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0138] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 42.06 Glycerol 52.94 N-docosylglucoside acetamide 5

[0139] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of glycerol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-docosyl glucose acetamide, and stir until the N-docosyl glucose acetamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0140] The freezing point of the deicing fluid is -32.6°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0141] Embodiment 17

[0142] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0143] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 46.86 Ethylene glycol 52.14 N-Tetracosyl Glucose Carboxamide 1

[0144] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of ethylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-tetracosyl glucose carboxamide, and stir until the N-tetracosyl glucose carboxamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0145] The freezing point of the deicing fluid is -42.1°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0146] Embodiment 18

[0147] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0148]

[0149]

[0150] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of 1,2-propylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-tetracosyl glucose carboxamide, and stir until the N-tetracosyl glucose carboxamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0151] The freezing point of the deicing and anti-icing fluid is -36.2°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing and anti-icing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0152] Embodiment 19

[0153] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0154] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 47.53 1,3-Propanediol 48.47 N-Tetracosyl Glucose Carboxamide 4

[0155] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of 1,3-propylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-tetracosyl glucose carboxamide, and stir until the N-tetracosyl glucose carboxamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0156] The freezing point of the deicing fluid is -29.1°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0157] Embodiment 20

[0158] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0159] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 42.06 Glycerol 52.94 N-Tetracosyl Glucose Carboxamide 5

[0160] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of glycerol into deionized water at room temperature, then add N-tetracosyl glucose carboxamide, and stir until the N-tetracosyl glucose carboxamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0161] The freezing point of the deicing fluid is -32.1°C according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, which indicates that the deicing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0162] Embodiment 21

[0163] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0164] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 46.86 Ethylene glycol 52.14 N-Tetracosyl Glucose Acetamide 1

[0165] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of ethylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-tetracosyl glucose acetamide, and stir until the N-tetracosyl glucose acetamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0166] The freezing point of the deicing fluid is -42.0°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0167] Embodiment 22

[0168] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0169] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 47.28 1,2-Propanediol 49.72 N-Tetracosyl Glucose Acetamide 3

[0170] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of 1,2-propylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-tetracosyl glucose acetamide, and stir until the N-tetracosyl glucose acetamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0171] The freezing point of the deicing fluid is -36.7°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0172] Embodiment 23

[0173] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0174] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 47.53 1,3-Propanediol 48.47 N-Tetracosyl Glucose Acetamide 4

[0175] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of 1,3-propylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-tetracosyl glucose acetamide, and stir until the N-tetracosyl glucose acetamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0176] The freezing point of the deicing and anti-icing fluid is -30.1 according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, which indicates that the deicing and anti-icing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0177] Embodiment 24

[0178] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0179] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Ultrapure water 42.06 Glycerol 52.94 N-Tetracosyl Glucose Acetamide 5

[0180] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of glycerol to deionized water at room temperature, then add N-tetracosyl glucose acetamide, and stir until the N-tetracosyl glucose acetamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0181] The freezing point of the deicing fluid is -32.6°C as measured according to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T0090-91, indicating that the deicing fluid of the present invention has a relatively low freezing point and can be used in most extremely cold environments.

[0182] Embodiment 25

[0183] This embodiment includes five kinds of de-icing and anti-icing fluids, and the formulas of the de-icing and anti-icing fluids are listed in the following table:

[0184]

[0185] Preparation: Add different amounts of ethylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature, then add different amounts of N-docosyl glucose acetamide, and stir until the N-docosyl glucose acetamide is completely dissolved to obtain a deicing fluid.

[0186] According to the petrochemical industry standard SH / T 0090-91, the freezing points of the above five ice de-icing fluids are respectively -9.1°C, -24.7°C, -41.7°C, -54.3°C, and -68.6°C, indicating that the freezing point of the de-icing fluid of the present invention is adjustable and can meet the use in most environments.

[0187] Embodiment 26

[0188] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0189]

[0190]

[0191] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol or 1,3-propylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature and stir to mix well. Then add the formulated amount of N-docosyl glucose acetamide and stir until it is completely dissolved to obtain three deicing and anti-icing fluids.

[0192] The relationship between the apparent viscosity and shear rate of the de-icing fluid was tested using a rotational rheometer (Anto Paar, MCR 302) at a test temperature of -20°C. Figure 1 As shown. Figure 1 It can be seen that at low shear rate, the de-icing fluid exhibits a higher apparent viscosity. As the shear rate increases, the viscosity decreases significantly, that is, it exhibits obvious shear thinning characteristics, which meets the rheological property requirements of non-Newtonian fluid de-icing fluid.

[0193] Embodiment 27

[0194] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0195]

[0196] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol or 1,3-propylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature and stir to mix well. Then add the formulated amount of N-docosyl glucose acetamide and stir until it is completely dissolved to obtain three deicing and anti-icing fluids.

[0197] The relationship between the apparent viscosity and shear rate of the de-icing fluid was tested using a rotational rheometer (Anto Paar, MCR 302) at a test temperature of -20°C. Figure 2 As shown. Figure 2 It can be seen that at low shear rate, the de-icing fluid exhibits a higher apparent viscosity. As the shear rate increases, the viscosity decreases significantly, that is, it exhibits obvious shear thinning characteristics, which meets the rheological property requirements of non-Newtonian fluid de-icing fluid.

[0198] Embodiment 28

[0199] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0200] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Deionized water 44.92 Ethylene glycol 50.08 N-Tetracosyl Glucose Carboxamide 5

[0201] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of ethylene glycol to deionized water at room temperature and stir thoroughly to mix well. Then add the formulated amount of N-tetracosyl glucose carboxamide and stir until it is completely dissolved to obtain the deicing liquid.

[0202] The relationship between the apparent viscosity and shear rate of the de-icing fluid was tested using a rotational rheometer (Anto Paar, MCR 302) at 0°C, -5°C, -10°C, -15°C, -17°C and -20°C. Figure 3 As shown. Figure 3 It can be seen that at low shear rate, the de-icing fluid exhibits a higher apparent viscosity. As the shear rate increases, the viscosity decreases significantly, that is, it exhibits obvious shear thinning characteristics, which meets the rheological property requirements of non-Newtonian fluid de-icing fluid.

[0203] Embodiment 29

[0204] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0205] Components Mass parts (100 parts in total) Deionized water 42.06 Glycerol 52.94 N-Tetracosyl Glucoacetamide 5

[0206] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of glycerol to deionized water at room temperature and stir thoroughly to mix well. Then add the formulated amount of N-tetracosyl glucose carboxamide and stir until it is completely dissolved to obtain the deicing liquid.

[0207] The relationship between the apparent viscosity and shear rate of the de-icing fluid was tested using a rotational rheometer (Anto Paar, MCR 302) at 0°C, -5°C, -10°C, -15°C, -17°C and -20°C. The results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown. Figure 3 It can be seen that at low shear rate, the de-icing fluid exhibits a higher apparent viscosity. As the shear rate increases, the viscosity decreases significantly, that is, it exhibits obvious shear thinning characteristics, which meets the rheological property requirements of non-Newtonian fluid de-icing fluid.

[0208] Embodiment 30

[0209] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0210]

[0211] Preparation: Add the formulated amount of ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol or glycerol to deionized water at room temperature and stir to mix well. Then add the formulated amount of N-octadecanol carboxamide, N-docosanol carboxamide, N-docosanol carboxamide, N-docosanol carboxamide, N-tetracosanol carboxamide or N-tetracosanol carboxamide and stir until they are completely dissolved to obtain 6 kinds of deicing and anti-icing fluids.

[0212] Antifreeze performance test: The antifreeze performance of six anti-icing fluids was tested using a low-temperature liquid nitrogen cold-heat stage (Linkam, HFS600E-PB4). The specific method is: spray ultrapure water and anti-icing fluid on the upper and lower sides of the slide, place it on the platinum heat conduction stage of the low-temperature liquid nitrogen cold-heat stage, and stabilize it at -30℃ for 4 hours. By observing the icing situation, the results are as follows Figure 5 As shown. Figure 5 As a result, the side sprayed with water was all frozen, while the side sprayed with the six kinds of de-icing and anti-icing fluids was not frozen. This shows that the de-icing and anti-icing fluid composed of six kinds of surfactants has good anti-freezing performance in extremely low temperature environments.

[0213] Embodiment 31

[0214] In this embodiment, the formula of the de-icing fluid is listed in the following table:

[0215]

[0216]

[0217] At room temperature, first add the required amount of ultrapure water (42.06 to 49.11 parts of water, depending on the specific recipe) into an appropriate container. Then, add the corresponding amount of alcohol solvent (such as ethylene glycol (EG), 1,2-propylene glycol (PG) or glycerol (GLY)) according to the recipe requirements. Make sure that the alcohol solvent and water are fully mixed. Next, add the surfactant specified in the recipe (such as polyether surfactant, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), N-docosylglucose acetamide, etc.) and continue stirring until the surfactant is completely dissolved in the solution. During the stirring process, ensure that the solution is uniform and the surfactant can be completely dispersed to avoid undissolved particles or precipitation. The solution of each recipe should be accurately proportioned and stirred according to the proportions listed in the table to ensure that the total mass of the final solution is 100 parts.

[0218] The corrosiveness of the above 9 types of ice anti-icing fluids was tested according to GB / T 20857-2012. The test results are as follows:

[0219]

[0220]

[0221] No. 4 deicing fluid (5wt.%CTAB H2O / PG, v / v=50 / 50), the mass change before and after is 0.892mg / cm 2 , which is greater than the national standard for de-icing fluid on AMS 5045 carbon steel corrosion test. The quality before and after the test is less than 0.8mg / cm 2 , the mass before and after the corrosion test of AMS 4041 aluminum alloy is less than 0.3mg / cm 2 Compared with blank samples 1 and 2, nonionic surfactants (commercial polyether surfactants and ultra-long chain glucose amide nonionic surfactants (such as UC 18 GEt,UC 22 GMe,UC 22 GEt,UC 24 GEt) all have a certain anti-corrosion effect, and the anti-corrosion performance of the ultra-long chain glucose amide nonionic surfactant is better than that of the commercial polyether surfactant.

[0222] The Fe and Al in the de-icing fluid after corrosion of AMS 4041 aluminum alloy and AMS 5045 carbon steel were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF). The results are as follows:

[0223]

[0224]

[0225] Sample preparation method: First, take 50mL of the corroded de-icing liquid and use a rotary evaporator to evaporate it at 80℃ until the solvent is completely evaporated to obtain a dry solid. Then, add the solid matter to 5mL of ethanol solvent and perform ultrasonic treatment to ensure that the solid is evenly dispersed. Then, evenly apply the dispersion on a filter paper with a diameter of 52mm to ensure that the thickness of the solid layer is consistent. Place the filter paper in a vacuum drying oven at 60℃, control the vacuum degree to 100-200Pa, and dry it for 12-16 hours to ensure that the solvent is completely evaporated and the sample is completely dry. After drying, remove the filter paper and cool it at room temperature to avoid the influence of hot air on the sample. If there is particle aggregation, it can be gently scraped off or redispersed. Finally, use an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) to perform full element scanning analysis on the sample.

[0226] Analysis of anti-corrosion performance: For AMS 5045 carbon steel, a blank filter paper was used as a control sample, and its anti-corrosion effect was used as a benchmark. The results show that the No. 4 de-icing fluid (5wt.% CTAB H2O / PG (v / v=50 / 50)) performed the worst, with the highest Fe content of 3120 mg / L, showing the weakest anti-corrosion ability. It was followed by the No. 2 de-icing fluid (H2O / PG (v / v=50 / 50)) and the No. 3 de-icing fluid (5wt.% commercial polyether surfactant H2O / PG (v / v=50 / 50)), with Fe contents of 617 mg / L and 527 mg / L, respectively. In contrast, the de-icing fluids prepared using ultra-long chain glucose amide nonionic surfactants (No. 5, No. 6, and No. 7) performed well, with Fe contents of 31 mg / L (No. 5), 22 mg / L (No. 6), and 34 mg / L (No. 7), respectively, showing strong anti-corrosion ability. For AMS 4041 aluminum alloy, the de-icing fluid prepared with ultra-long chain glucose amide nonionic surfactants (No. 8 and No. 9) showed the best anti-corrosion effect, with Fe content of 27 mg / L and 27 mg / L, and Al content of 20 mg / L and 26 mg / L, respectively, all of which had good anti-corrosion effect. Finally, the corrosion photos and micrographs of the 9 de-icing fluids on AMS 5045 carbon steel and AMS 4041 aluminum alloy were compared and analyzed (see Figures 6 to 14 ), it can be observed that the de-icing fluid No. 4 (5wt.% CTAB H2O / PG (v / v=50 / 50)), the de-icing fluid No. 2 (H2O / PG (v / v=50 / 50)) and the de-icing fluid No. 3 (5wt.% commercial polyether surfactant H2O / PG (v / v=50 / 50)) caused obvious corrosion marks on the surface of AMS 5045 carbon steel, while the de-icing fluid prepared with the ultra-long chain glucose amide nonionic surfactant (No. 5, No. 6, No. 7) did not cause corrosion to AMS 5045 carbon steel. At the same time, the de-icing fluid prepared with the ultra-long chain glucose amide nonionic surfactant (No. 8 and No. 9) had no corrosion effect on AMS 4041 aluminum alloy.

Claims

1. A supramolecular deicing fluid based on ultra-long chain glucosamide, characterized in that: The components and the mass percentage of each component are as follows: 10% to 72% alcohol; 20% to 89% deionized water; 1% to 8% surfactant; the surfactant is at least one of the ultra-long chain glucose amide nonionic surfactants having the following general structural formula: In the structural formula, R1 is CH3 or CH2CH3, and n is 1, 5 or 7.

2. The supramolecular deicing and anti-icing fluid based on ultra-long chain glucosamide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultra-long chain glucose amide nonionic surfactant is at least one of N-octadecanedglucose carboxamide, N-octadecanedglucose acetamide, N-docosanedglucose carboxamide, N-docosanedglucose acetamide, N-tetracosanedglucose carboxamide and N-tetracosanedglucose acetamide.

3. The supramolecular deicing and anti-icing fluid based on ultra-long chain glucosamide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alcohol is a divalent or polyvalent alkyl alcohol having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.

4. The ultra-supramolecular deicing and anti-icing fluid based on ultra-long chain glucamide according to claim 3, characterized in that: The divalent alkyl alcohol is at least one of ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol and 1,3-propylene glycol, and the polyvalent alkyl alcohol is glycerol.

5. The method for preparing the supramolecular deicing and anti-icing fluid based on ultra-long chain glucose amide according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Deionized water and alcohol are mixed and stirred to form a mixed solution, and a super-long-chain glucose amide nonionic surfactant is added to the obtained mixed solution and stirred until the super-long-chain glucose amide nonionic surfactant is completely dissolved.

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