High-power heating wax removal system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil well operation, and discloses a high-power heating wax removal system which comprises a power source, the power source is electrically connected with a cable, the end of the cable is connected with a wax remover, and the cable is provided with a winch mechanism and a hanging mechanism; the winch mechanism comprises a frame, a motor and a roller are mounted on the frame, the cable is wound on the roller, the output end of the motor is in belt transmission with an axis rod of the roller, an electric slip ring is mounted on the axis rod of the roller, a wire arranging device is mounted on the frame, and the cable passes through the wire arranging device and is wound on the roller. According to the high-power wax removing device, high-power adaptive elements are adopted, the purpose of wax removing through high-power heating is achieved, and the high-power wax removing device is high in wax removing efficiency, good in wax removing effect, capable of saving time and labor cost, high in use performance and quite wide in market prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil well operation, and in particular relates to a high-power heating and wax removal system. Background Art

[0002] The crude oil from the oil field's self-flowing wells contains wax, and during the production process, as the temperature and pressure change, the wax will precipitate from the crude oil, gather and adhere to the pipe wall. Specifically, paraffin is a component of crude oil, composed of normal, isomeric or cycloalkanes, and has a long carbon chain. Under the high temperature and high pressure conditions of the oil layer, the wax dissolves in the crude oil. However, when the crude oil flows from the oil layer to the bottom of the well and then rises to the wellhead, its pressure and temperature will gradually decrease. When the temperature drops to a certain point (i.e., the initial crystallization temperature of the wax or the wax precipitation point), the solubility of the crude oil in the wax will decrease, causing the wax to precipitate from the crude oil. The precipitated wax will gather and grow to form wax crystals, which will eventually be deposited on the surface of pipelines and equipment, forming a waxing phenomenon. Waxing will not only increase the oil flow resistance and reduce the oil well production capacity, but may also cause the oil well to be blocked. In severe cases, it may even affect the economic effect of the oil field development, so dewaxing operations are required.

[0003] The common wax removal methods are:

[0004] 1. Mechanical wax removal

[0005] 1) Use wax scraper to remove wax

[0006] The wax scraper is lowered into the oil well using an electric winch at the well site, and moved up and down in the waxed section of the oil pipe to scrape the wax off the pipe wall and be carried out of the wellhead by the oil flow. This method is suitable for self-flowing wells and wells with not serious wax deposition.

[0007] 2) Casing wax scraping

[0008] The main tool for scraping casing wax is a spiral wax scraper. Connect the spiral wax scraper under the oil pipe and use the up and down movement of the oil pipe to clean the wax on the casing wall. You can also use a rotary table to drive the scraper drill to scrape, and use liquid circulation to bring the cleaned wax to the surface.

[0009] 2. Thermal wax removal

[0010] 1) Electric heating wax removal

[0011] Electric heating wax removal uses oil well heating cables to convert electrical energy into thermal energy to heat the oil flow, thereby raising its temperature to achieve the purpose of wax removal and wax deposition prevention.

[0012] 2) Thermochemical wax removal

[0013] The heat energy generated by chemical reactions is used to remove wax.

[0014] 3) Hot oil circulation wax removal

[0015] The crude oil produced in the well is heated and injected into the well for continuous circulation, so that the temperature in the well reaches the melting point of the wax, causing the wax to continue to melt and flow to the ground with the crude oil.

[0016] 4) Steam wax removal

[0017] The oil pipes in the well are lifted out and arranged neatly, and then the wax deposited inside and outside the pipes is melted and flushed using the high-pressure steam from the steam truck.

[0018] Wax removal with wax scrapers is the most commonly used wax removal method in China. Its disadvantage is low efficiency and it cannot be used in extreme situations (such as wax blocking the inner wall of the pipeline). Thermal wax removal has the advantages of better effect, higher efficiency and more thorough cleaning. Its disadvantages are high cost and some methods are complicated to operate and are not suitable for general situations. Steam wax removal requires the oil pipe in the well to be removed. Thermal cycle wax removal requires continuous circulation of heated crude oil. Thermal chemical wax removal requires the use of chemical reagents to produce reactions to remove wax. These methods are all wax removal methods with obvious limitations and are not suitable for general situations.

[0019] Foreign countries have more advanced electric heating wax removal technology, which uses battery power to heat the cutter head, so that the temperature of the front end of the cutter head increases, and the higher temperature is used to melt the wax to achieve the purpose of wax removal. However, the disadvantages are poor battery life, low battery power, and the temperature cannot be adjusted at will. In addition, the cost is relatively high, so a low-power electric heating wax remover was born. However, due to the limitation of the single-core cable of the logging vehicle used by the well team, the maximum current is not allowed to exceed 1A, and the voltage is not allowed to exceed 1000V. The maximum heating temperature of the wax remover in the air is about 160°C. In the well fluid, due to the water content and other factors, the heat dissipation is faster, so the wax removal effect is not ideal. Summary of the invention

[0020] In view of the problems raised by the above background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-power heating wax removal system.

[0021] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0022] A high-power heating wax removal system comprises a power source, the power source is electrically connected to a cable, the end of the cable is connected to a wax remover, and the cable is equipped with a winch mechanism and a hanging mechanism;

[0023] The winch mechanism comprises a frame, the frame is equipped with a motor and a drum, the cable is wound on the drum, the output end of the motor is driven by the shaft rod of the drum, the shaft rod of the drum is equipped with an electric slip ring, the frame is equipped with a cable arranging device, the cable passes through the cable arranging device, and the cable arranging device is equipped with a meter;

[0024] The hanging mechanism comprises a crane, a tension meter is hung and installed at the working end of the crane, a sky pulley is installed at the working end of the tension meter, and the cable passes through the sky pulley.

[0025] It is further specified that the maximum power of the power supply is 6000-8000W, and it uses 1000V DC power supply with a maximum current of 6-8A, indicating that when the power supply works under 1000V DC voltage, it can provide a current range of 6A to 8A, and the corresponding power is between 6000W and 8000W, achieving the purpose of high-power energy supply.

[0026] It is further defined that both the current and the voltage of the power supply can be adjusted. Such a design can flexibly adapt to usage requirements and has good adaptability.

[0027] It is further defined that the overall diameter of the cable is 8 mm, the cable core diameter is 3 mm, the maximum current is 20 A, and double-layer steel wire rope armor is used. Such a design can withstand a tensile force of 4.5 tons to ensure the normal lowering and recovery of the wax remover.

[0028] It is further specified that the motor is equipped with a variable frequency speed regulator. With such a design, the frequency converter can realize smooth adjustment of the motor speed and achieve the purpose of speed regulation by changing the frequency of power supply to the motor stator winding. This enables the motor to maintain a stable speed under different loads and meet the requirements of motor speed in different working scenarios, thereby improving production efficiency and realizing precise process control. The frequency converter can reduce the starting current of the motor, optimize the load characteristics, and automatically adjust the motor speed and output power according to the actual load requirements, thereby avoiding energy waste when no load or light load is applied.

[0029] It is further defined that the wax remover includes a single-core cable head, the single-core cable head is connected to a weighted rod, the weighted rod is connected to a wax scraper body, the circuit of the single-core cable head is connected to the wax scraper body after passing through the inside of the weighted rod. With such a design, the single-core cable head is responsible for circuit switching, the weighted rod increases the hanging weight to facilitate the instrument to overcome buoyancy and be lowered, and the wax scraper body is responsible for releasing heat to remove wax and break the wall.

[0030] It is further defined that the wax scraper body is heated by a resistance wire with a power of 6000 to 8000W and is made of high temperature and high pressure resistant insulating material with good thermal conductivity. With this design, the resistance wire heats up quickly and the material determines that the wax scraper body can work under high power supply.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] The present invention achieves the purpose of wax removal by high-power heating by adopting high-power adaptive components. It has high wax removal efficiency, good effect, saves time and labor costs, has high performance, and has a very broad market prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The present invention can be further illustrated by the non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings;

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a high-power heating wax removal system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a left-side structural schematic diagram of a winch mechanism of an embodiment of a high-power heating wax removal system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a winch mechanism of an embodiment of a high-power heating wax removal system of the present invention;

[0037] The main component symbols are described as follows:

[0038] Power supply 1; cable 2; wax remover 3; winch mechanism 4; hanging mechanism 5;

[0039] Single-core cable head 31; weighting rod 32; wax scraper body 33;

[0040] Frame 41; motor 42; roller 43; electric slip ring 44; cable arranging device 45; meter 46;

[0041] Crane 51; tension meter 52; overhead pulley 53. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a high-power heating wax removal system of the present invention comprises a power supply 1, the power supply 1 is electrically connected to a cable 2, the end of the cable 2 is connected to a wax remover 3, and the cable 2 is equipped with a winch mechanism 4 and a hanging mechanism 5;

[0044] The winch mechanism 4 includes a frame 41, on which a motor 42 and a drum 43 are installed, on which a cable 2 is wound, and an output end of the motor 42 is driven by a belt of an axle rod of the drum 43, on which an electric slip ring 44 is installed, and on which a cable 45 is installed, through which the cable 2 passes, and on which a meter 46 is installed;

[0045] The hanging mechanism 5 comprises a crane 51 , a tension meter 52 is hung and installed at the working end of the crane 51 , a top pulley 53 is installed at the working end of the tension meter 52 , and the cable 2 passes through the top pulley 53 .

[0046] In this embodiment, when a high-power heating wax removal system is used, the cable 2 is pulled out from the drum 43, and then led out of the range of the winch mechanism 4 after passing through the cable arrangement device 45, and the cable 2 is pulled onto the top pulley 53, and then the crane 51 is controlled to operate and lift the cable so that the wax remover 3 connected to the end of the cable 2 is suspended and placed directly above the oil wellhead, and the preparation action is completed;

[0047] The motor 42 runs, driving the drum 43 to rotate. The electric slip ring 44 monitors the rotation speed of the drum 43 in real time to ensure that the speed of the subsequent lowering of the wax remover 3 is within the set range. It can also detect whether the transmission between the motor 42 and the drum 43 is abnormal according to the rotation speed of the motor 42. The cable arranging device 45 and the meter 46 calculate the lowering depth and cable tension of the cable in real time to ensure that the entire lowering process of the wax remover 3 is controllable.

[0048] During the lowering process of the wax remover 3 or after it reaches the designated area, the power supply 1 runs and supplies power to the cable 2. The cable 2 transmits the current to the wax remover 3. The wax remover 3 releases heat to melt and remove the wax, thereby achieving the purpose of smoothly breaking the wall and lowering. The power supply adopts high power, and the cable and the wax remover 3 adopt materials suitable for high-power operation, thereby ensuring the operation of the entire system. Further explanation is that the power supply 1 provides a high-power DC power supply, and transmits the current to the downhole high-power wax remover 3 through the single-core cable head 31. The heating mechanism in the wax remover 3 heats the cutter head, causing the cutter head to generate a high temperature of 300°C to melt the wax and achieve the purpose of wax removal. The high-power wax removal system removes the solidified wax in the well by a high-temperature melting method, can work stably for a long time, and can adjust the current and control the temperature to achieve high-efficiency wax removal.

[0049] Preferably, the maximum power of power supply 1 is 6000-8000W, and it uses 1000V DC power supply, with a maximum current of 6-8A, indicating that when power supply 1 works under 1000V DC voltage, it can provide a current range of 6A to 8A, and the corresponding power is between 6000W and 8000W, achieving the purpose of high-power energy supply. In fact, the choice of power supply 1 can also be considered according to specific circumstances.

[0050] Preferably, both the current and the voltage of the power supply 1 can be adjusted. Such a design can flexibly adapt to the usage requirements and has good adaptability. In fact, the functional selection of the power supply 1 can also be considered according to the specific situation.

[0051] Preferably, the overall diameter of cable 2 is 8 mm, the cable core diameter of cable 2 is 3 mm, the maximum current is 20 A, and double-layer steel wire rope armor is used. Such a design can withstand a tensile force of 4.5 tons to ensure the normal lowering and recovery of the wax remover 3. In fact, the specification selection of cable 2 can also be considered according to specific circumstances.

[0052] Preferably, the motor 42 is equipped with a variable frequency speed regulator. With such a design, the frequency converter can realize smooth adjustment of the speed of the motor 42 by changing the frequency of the power supply to the stator winding of the motor 42 to achieve the purpose of speed regulation. This enables the motor 42 to maintain a stable speed under different loads and meet the requirements for the speed of the motor 42 in different working scenarios, thereby improving production efficiency and realizing precise process control. The frequency converter can reduce the starting current of the motor 42, optimize the load characteristics, and automatically adjust the speed and output power of the motor 42 according to the actual load requirements, thereby avoiding energy waste when no-load or light-loaded. In fact, the function selection of the motor 42 can also be considered according to the specific situation.

[0053] Preferably, the wax remover 3 includes a single-core cable head 31, the single-core cable head 31 is connected to a weighted rod 32, the weighted rod 32 is connected to a wax scraper body 33, the circuit of the single-core cable head 31 passes through the inside of the weighted rod 32 and then is connected to the wax scraper body 33. With this design, the single-core cable head 31 is responsible for circuit switching, the weighted rod 32 increases the hanging weight, which facilitates the instrument to overcome buoyancy and be lowered, and the wax scraper body 33 is responsible for releasing heat to remove wax and break the wall. In fact, the structure of the wax remover 3 can also be considered according to specific circumstances.

[0054] Preferably, the wax scraper body 33 is heated by a resistance wire with a power of 6000 to 8000 W and is made of high-temperature and high-voltage insulating material with good thermal conductivity. With this design, the resistance wire heats up quickly, and the material determines that the wax scraper body 33 can work under high power supply. In fact, the heating structure selection of the wax scraper body 33 can also be considered according to specific circumstances.

[0055] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-power heating wax removal system, comprising a power supply (1), characterized in that: The power source (1) is electrically connected to a cable (2), an end of the cable (2) is connected to a wax remover (3), and the cable (2) is equipped with a winch mechanism (4) and a hanging mechanism (5); The winch mechanism (4) comprises a frame (41), the frame (41) is equipped with a motor (42) and a drum (43), the cable (2) is wound around the drum (43), the output end of the motor (42) is driven by a shaft rod of the drum (43), an electric slip ring (44) is installed on the shaft rod of the drum (43), the frame (41) is equipped with a cable arranging device (45), the cable (2) passes through the cable arranging device (45), and the cable arranging device (45) is equipped with a meter (46); The hanging mechanism (5) comprises a crane (51), a tension meter (52) is hung and installed at the working end of the crane (51), a top pulley (53) is installed at the working end of the tension meter (52), and the cable (2) passes through the top pulley (53).

2. A high-power heating wax removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum power of the power supply (1) is 6000-8000W, and it adopts 1000V direct current power supply, and the maximum current is 6-8A.

3. A high-power heating wax removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the current and the voltage of the power supply (1) can be adjusted.

4. A high-power heating wax removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall diameter of the cable (2) is 8 mm, the cable core diameter of the cable (2) is 3 mm, the maximum current is 20 A, and double-layer steel wire rope armor is used.

5. A high-power heating wax removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor (42) is equipped with a variable frequency speed regulator.

6. A high-power heating wax removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wax remover (3) comprises a single-core cable head (31), the single-core cable head (31) is connected to a weighted rod (32), the weighted rod (32) is connected to a wax scraper body (33), and the circuit of the single-core cable head (31) is connected to the wax scraper body (33) after passing through the inside of the weighted rod (32).

7. A high-power heating wax removal system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wax scraper body (33) is heated by a resistance wire with a power of 6000-8000W and is made of a high temperature and high pressure resistant insulating material with good thermal conductivity.

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