Electrical Heating Ice Protection Structure of Turbofan Engine and Electrical Heating Ice Protection Method of Turbofan Engine

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electric heating anti-icing structure for a turbofan engine and an electric heating anti-icing method for a turbofan engine, which includes an electric heating anti-icing component for power generation and heating anti-icing. The electric heating anti-icing component includes a permanent magnet power generation member, a detection and control system, and a plurality of electric heating wires connected in sequence. The permanent magnet power generation members are respectively arranged on the fan blade disk and the bearing housing, or respectively arranged on the fan blade disk and the inner flow rectifier, or respectively arranged on the fan blade disk and the outer flow rectifier, so as to generate electric energy during the rotation of the fan blade disk. The plurality of electric heating wires are respectively arranged at the anti-icing positions that need to be heated and anti-iced in the inner flow rectifier, the outer flow rectifier, and the splitter casing. The detection and control system is used to detect the temperature values of each anti-icing position, and correspondingly distribute the electric energy generated by the permanent magnet power generation member to the corresponding electric heating wires according to the level of the temperature values. The present invention can effectively reduce the structural cost, make the overall structural layout of the turbofan engine simple and compact, and can perform targeted anti-icing with better energy saving performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of turbofan engine anti-icing, and in particular, to an electric thermal anti-icing structure for a turbofan engine. In addition, the present invention also relates to an electric thermal anti-icing method for a turbofan engine using the electric thermal anti-icing structure for a turbofan engine. Background Art

[0002] For turbofan engines, the flow channel parts of the fan section (such as attached Figure 1 As shown in the figure, it usually includes fan blade disk, intake cone, inner rectifier, outer rectifier, splitter casing, etc.) Because it faces the airflow directly and has a relatively low temperature, the rotor parts and stator parts with low tangential speed are prone to ice formation when the temperature is low, which can cause unstable rotor operation and reduced performance. The falling large ice cubes may damage the blade parts at the rear, which can seriously affect the reliability of engine operation. Therefore, it is necessary to take corresponding measures to prevent ice formation.

[0003] At present, the more mature technology is bleed air anti-icing, such as the following Figure 2 As shown, the main means is to add bleed air anti-icing valves and bleed air pipelines, temperature sensors, controllers and other accessories. When the temperature sensor senses the need for engine anti-icing, the controller sends an anti-icing valve signal to open the valve, inputs high-temperature gas from the high-temperature gas source position into the pipeline, and then passes through the splitter case (an integrated structure formed by the splitter case outer ring, the splitter case middle ring, and the splitter case inner ring connected through the outer duct support plate and the inner duct support plate), the inner rectifier (an integrated structure formed by the inner rectifier outer ring and the inner rectifier inner ring connected through the inner rectifier blades), the outer rectifier (an integrated structure formed by the outer rectifier outer ring and the outer rectifier inner ring connected through the outer rectifier blades) and other components corresponding to the bleed air anti-icing heating structure (usually a through hole passing through the inner and outer rings and blades), the hot gas is guided to the part that needs to be heated to achieve the anti-icing function. In order to ensure the efficiency and reliability of bleed air anti-icing, the air collecting cavity formed between the splitter casing, the outer rectifier and the inner rectifier needs to have a rubber ring sealing position; since a gas channel needs to be formed to ensure continuous heating, hot gas dissipation and losses along the way are difficult to avoid during bleed air anti-icing; the low-temperature end is usually made of aluminum alloy, and in order to meet the anti-icing requirements, the bleed air temperature is usually higher, so the thermal shock of the bleed air on the parts along the way has a certain impact on the strength of the parts themselves.

[0004] The disadvantages of the above-mentioned bleed air anti-icing technology are as follows:

[0005] 1. The air bleed distance is long and the heat dissipation and loss along the way are large, resulting in low bleed air heating efficiency and a significant impact on the engine thermal efficiency;

[0006] 2. When the bleed air is heated, different parts such as the shunt case, inner rectifier, and outer rectifier are heated at the same time, and there are no targeted anti-icing heating measures;

[0007] 3. To meet the anti-icing requirements, the bleed air temperature is usually relatively high. Therefore, the thermal shock of the bleed air to the parts along the way has a certain impact on the strength of the parts themselves.

[0008] 4. There are relatively high requirements for the sealing performance, smoothness, and reliability of components along the way, and it occupies a large amount of space resources and has a high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention provides a thermal-electric anti-icing structure for a turbofan engine and a thermal-electric anti-icing method for a turbofan engine, so as to solve the technical problems existing in the existing external bleed air anti-icing method, such as low heating efficiency of the bleed air, great impact on the thermal efficiency of the engine, lack of targeted anti-icing heating measures, impact on the strength of the parts themselves, relatively high requirements for the sealing performance, smoothness, and reliability of components along the way, and occupation of a large amount of space resources and high cost.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0011] A thermal-electric anti-icing structure for a turbofan engine includes a fan blade disk fixedly installed on the outer circumference of a core shaft, a bearing housing sleeved on the outer circumference of the core shaft, an inner flow rectifier sleeved outside the bearing housing, an outer flow rectifier sleeved outside the inner flow rectifier, and a splitter casing sleeved on the outer circumference of the core shaft. The thermal-electric anti-icing structure for a turbofan engine further includes a thermal-electric anti-icing component for power generation and heating for anti-icing. The thermal-electric anti-icing component includes a permanent magnet power generation member, a detection and control system, and a plurality of heating wires connected in sequence. The permanent magnet power generation member is respectively arranged on the fan blade disk and the bearing housing, or on the fan blade disk and the inner flow rectifier, or on the fan blade disk and the outer flow rectifier, so as to generate electric energy during the rotation of the fan blade disk. The plurality of heating wires are respectively arranged at the anti-icing positions that need to be heated for anti-icing in the inner flow rectifier, the outer flow rectifier, and the splitter casing. The detection and control system is used to detect the temperature values of each anti-icing position and correspondingly distribute the electric energy generated by the permanent magnet power generation member to the corresponding heating wires according to the height of the temperature values.

[0012] Further, the permanent magnet power generation member includes an annular permanent magnet ring and an annular power generation coil. The permanent magnet ring is connected to the rotor installation interface of the fan blade disk. The power generation coil is connected to the inner ring installation interface of the inner ring of the inner flow rectifier or the bearing housing installation interface of the bearing housing, and the power generation coil is connected to the detection and control system. Both the permanent magnet ring and the power generation coil are located in the hollow cavity formed by the fan blade disk, the bearing housing, and the inner ring of the inner flow rectifier.

[0013] Further, the power generation coil includes a multi-turn coil ring, and a control switch for controlling the on-off of the coil ring is provided in each turn of the coil ring. Each control switch is respectively connected to the detection and control system.

[0014] Further, the detection and control system includes a controller connected to the power generation coil, a distributor connected to the controller, and a plurality of detectors for detecting the temperature at the anti-icing positions; the plurality of detectors are respectively arranged at each anti-icing position and are respectively connected to the controller to feed back the temperature value of the corresponding anti-icing position to the controller; the distributor is respectively connected to a plurality of heating wires to distribute the corresponding electric energy to the corresponding heating wires under the control of the controller.

[0015] Further, the controller is located in the hollow cavity and is connected to the bearing seat mounting interface or the inner ring mounting interface; the distributor is connected in the flow splitting cone formed between the outer duct rectifier and the inner ring rectifier.

[0016] Further, a plurality of heating wires on the outer duct rectifier are respectively embedded in a plurality of outer duct rectifier blades of the outer duct rectifier; a plurality of heating wires on the inner duct rectifier are respectively embedded in a plurality of inner duct rectifier blades of the inner duct rectifier; a plurality of heating wires on the flow splitting casing are respectively embedded in a plurality of inner duct support plates of the flow splitting casing or respectively embedded in a plurality of inner duct support plates and a plurality of outer duct support plates of the flow splitting casing; a plurality of heating wires are also embedded in the flow splitting cone between the outer duct rectifier and the inner duct rectifier at intervals along the circumferential direction.

[0017] Further, a plurality of detectors on the outer duct rectifier and a plurality of detectors on the inner duct rectifier are respectively arranged at uniform intervals along the circumferential direction; a plurality of detectors on the flow splitting casing are uniformly arranged for detection along the circumferential direction of the inner duct support plates of the flow splitting casing or are respectively arranged at uniform intervals along the circumferential directions of the inner duct support plates and the outer duct support plates of the flow splitting casing; a plurality of detectors are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the flow splitting cone between the outer duct rectifier and the inner duct rectifier.

[0018] Further, detectors are also arranged at the inlet of the engine.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for electrothermal anti-icing of a turbofan engine, which adopts the electrothermal anti-icing structure of any one of the above, and includes the following steps: when the detection and control system detects that the temperature values at each anti-icing position are higher than the system set temperature value, the permanent magnet heating member remains disconnected; when the detection and control system detects that the temperature value at one or more anti-icing positions is lower than the system set temperature value, the permanent magnet heating member is turned on and started, and the detection and control system distributes the electric energy generated by the permanent magnet power generation member to the corresponding heating wires according to the temperature values at each anti-icing position; when the detection and control system detects that the temperature values at all anti-icing positions are higher than the system set temperature value, the permanent magnet heating member is disconnected and the anti-icing ends.

[0020] Further, in the step "when the detection and control system detects that the temperature values at one or more anti-icing positions are lower than the system-set temperature value, the permanent magnet heating component is turned on and started, and the detection and control system distributes the electric energy generated by the permanent magnet power generation component to the corresponding heating wires according to the temperature values at each anti-icing position", if the detection and control system detects that the temperature values at some anti-icing positions are higher than the system-set temperature value, the detection and control system controls the permanent magnet heating component to correspondingly reduce the power generation.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] When the electrothermal anti-icing structure of the present invention is used for anti-icing, since the permanent magnet power generation component, the detection and control system, the heating wires, etc. are reasonably built into the turbofan engine, compared with the existing external air bleed anti-icing method, the present invention does not need to add additional air duct pipelines and does not occupy the external space of the engine. Therefore, it not only effectively reduces the structural cost, makes the overall structural layout of the turbofan engine simple and compact, but also has low requirements for the sealing performance, smoothness of the parts along the way, and the reliability of the accessories; the electric energy transmission distance of the present invention is short, so the electric energy dissipation and the losses along the way are less, and it will not cause thermal shock to the parts along the way, thus not affecting the strength of the parts. Moreover, the electric energy heating efficiency is high, the anti-icing effect is good, and it does not affect the thermal efficiency of the engine; the present invention generates the electric energy for the heating wires to heat through the rotation of the fan blade disk, so there is no need to bleed air from the outside of the engine, which does not affect the thermal efficiency of the engine. At the same time, the rotational energy of the fan blade disk is recycled, and the resource utilization rate is high; the present invention also controls the heating intensity of the anti-icing position through the setting of the detection and control system, conducts targeted anti-icing, has better energy saving performance, and basically can avoid thermal shock to the local parts and avoid affecting the reliability of the parts.

[0023] In addition to the purposes, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The following will refer to the drawings to further elaborate on the present invention in detail. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure inside an existing turbofan engine;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an air bleed anti-icing structure inside an existing turbofan engine;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrothermal anti-icing structure of a turbofan engine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4It is a flowchart of the electric heating anti-icing method for a turbofan engine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Legend:

[0030] 1. Electric heating anti-icing assembly; 11. Electric heating wire; 12. Permanent magnet ring; 13. Power generation coil; 14. Controller; 15. Distributor; 16. Detector;

[0031] 3. Core shaft;

[0032] 4. Fan blade disk; 401. Rotor mounting interface;

[0033] 5. Bearing housing; 501. Bearing housing mounting interface;

[0034] 61. Inner ring of the inner duct rectifier; 610. Inner ring mounting interface; 62. Inner duct rectifier vane;

[0035] 71. Outer duct rectifier vane;

[0036] 81. Inner duct strut; 82. Outer duct strut;

[0037] 9. Splitter cone. Specific embodiments

[0038] The following will describe the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways defined and covered by the following.

[0039] Refer to Figure 3 , a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an electric heating anti-icing structure for a turbofan engine, including a fan blade disk 4 fixedly installed on the outer circumference of a core shaft 3, a bearing housing 5 sleeved on the outer circumference of the core shaft 3, an inner duct rectifier sleeved outside the bearing housing 5, an outer duct rectifier sleeved outside the inner duct rectifier, and a splitter casing sleeved on the outer circumference of the core shaft 3. The electric heating anti-icing structure of the turbofan engine further includes an electric heating anti-icing assembly 1 for power generation and heating anti-icing. The electric heating anti-icing assembly 1 includes a permanent magnet power generation component, a detection and control system, and a plurality of electric heating wires 11 connected in sequence. The permanent magnet power generation component is disposed on the fan blade disk 4 and the bearing housing 5, or on the fan blade disk 4 and the inner duct rectifier, or on the fan blade disk 4 and the outer duct rectifier, for generating electric energy during the rotation of the fan blade disk 4. The plurality of electric heating wires 11 are disposed at the anti-icing positions that need to be heated and anti-iced in the inner duct rectifier, the outer duct rectifier, and the splitter casing. The detection and control system is used to detect the temperature values of each anti-icing position and distribute the electric energy generated by the permanent magnet power generation component to the corresponding electric heating wires 11 according to the level of the temperature values.

[0040] When the electrothermal anti-icing structure of the turbofan engine of the present invention is working, the detection and control system detects the temperature of each anti-icing position in real time. When the temperature of each anti-icing position is higher than the system-set temperature, the detection and control system keeps the permanent magnet power generation component disconnected and does not generate electric energy; when the detection and control system detects that the temperature value of one or more anti-icing positions is lower than the system-set temperature value, the detection and control system controls the permanent magnet heating component to be turned on and start to generate electric energy, and the detection and control system then distributes the generated electric energy to the corresponding heating wires 11 according to the temperature of each anti-icing position. For example, if the temperature of the anti-icing position is much lower than the system-set temperature, the detection and control system distributes more electric energy to the corresponding anti-icing position according to the system-set method. If the temperature of the anti-icing position is only slightly lower than the system-set temperature, the detection and control system distributes less electric energy to the corresponding heating wires 11; when the detection and control system detects that the temperature values of all anti-icing positions are higher than the system-set temperature value, the detection and control system controls the permanent magnet heating component to be disconnected to end the anti-icing.

[0041] When using the electrothermal anti-icing structure of the present invention for anti-icing, since the permanent magnet power generation component, the detection and control system, the heating wires 11, etc. are all reasonably built into the turbofan engine, compared with the existing external air bleed anti-icing method, the present invention does not need to add additional air duct pipelines and does not occupy the external space of the engine. Therefore, it not only effectively reduces the structural cost, makes the overall structural layout of the turbofan engine simple and compact, but also has low requirements for the sealing performance, smoothness of the parts along the way, and the reliability of the accessories; the electric energy transmission distance of the present invention is short, so the electric energy dissipation and the losses along the way are small, and it will not cause thermal shock to the parts along the way, thus not affecting the strength of the parts. Moreover, the electric energy heating efficiency is high, the anti-icing effect is good, and it does not affect the thermal efficiency of the engine; the present invention generates the electric energy for the heating wires 11 to heat through the rotation of the fan blade disk 4, so there is no need to bleed air from the outside of the engine, which does not affect the thermal efficiency of the engine. At the same time, the rotational energy of the fan blade disk 4 is recovered, and the resource utilization rate is high; the present invention also controls the heating intensity of the anti-icing position through the setting of the detection and control system, conducts targeted anti-icing, has better energy saving performance, and basically can avoid thermal shock to the local parts and avoid affecting the reliability of the parts.

[0042] Optionally, such as Figure 3As shown in the figure, the permanent magnet power generation component includes an annular permanent magnet ring 12 and an annular power generation coil 13. The permanent magnet ring 12 is connected to the rotor installation interface 401 of the fan blade disk 4. The power generation coil 13 is connected to the inner ring installation interface 610 of the inner ring 61 of the inner flow rectifier, or connected to the bearing seat installation interface 501 of the bearing seat 5, and the power generation coil 13 is connected to the detection and control system. Both the permanent magnet ring 12 and the power generation coil 13 are located in the hollow cavity formed by enclosing the fan blade disk 4, the bearing seat 5, and the inner ring 61 of the inner flow rectifier. In the electrothermal anti-icing structure of the present invention, both the permanent magnet ring 12 and the power generation coil 13 are located in the hollow cavity formed by enclosing the fan blade disk 4, the bearing seat 5, and the inner ring 61 of the inner flow rectifier, so that the hollow cavity can be effectively utilized, saving a large amount of space originally required for the installation of the air bleeding anti-icing system. Thus, not only the structural cost is effectively reduced, but also the overall structural layout of the turbofan engine is simple and compact. Moreover, the installation position of the power generation coil 13 is close to the anti-icing position of the inner flow path, and at the same time, the heat dissipation during the operation of the power generation coil 13 and the heating anti-icing work of part of the inner flow path can be solved. And because the power generation coil 13 is close to the anti-icing position of the inner flow path, after the rotor installation interface 401 is processed on the fan blade disk 4, the inner ring installation interface 610 is processed on the inner ring 61 of the inner flow rectifier, or the bearing seat installation interface 501 is processed on the bearing seat 5, it can be quickly installed. The structure that originally needed to draw air from a relatively far high-temperature gas source position (including the external air bleeding pipeline, the internal pipeline of the part, the air collecting cavity, etc.) can be cancelled, so that the overall structural layout of the turbofan engine is simple and compact. At the same time, the distance of electric energy transmission is short, the electric energy dissipation and the losses along the way are small, and no thermal shock will be generated to the parts along the way, so as not to affect the strength of the parts. Moreover, the electric energy heating efficiency is high, the anti-icing effect is good, and it does not affect the thermal efficiency of the engine.

[0043] In this alternative solution, the permanent magnet ring 12 can also be installed on other rotating rotor parts in the engine, and at the same time, the power generation coil 13 can also be installed on other stationary stator parts in the engine. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the permanent magnet ring 12 is installed on the rotor installation interface 401 of the fan blade disk 4, and at the same time, the power generation coil 13 is installed on the inner ring installation interface 610 of the inner ring 61 of the inner flow rectifier. Thus, both the permanent magnet ring 12 and the power generation coil 13 are not only convenient to install, but also have the shortest distance between them, higher power generation efficiency, and higher energy utilization rate.

[0044] Preferably, the power generation coil 13 includes multiple turns of coil rings, and a control switch for controlling the on-off of the coil ring is provided in each turn of the coil ring. Each control switch is respectively connected to the detection and control system. Thus, during actual operation, the detection and control system can, according to the actual temperature detected at the anti-icing position, correspondingly turn on multiple coil rings simultaneously to increase the power generation amount, or correspondingly turn off one or more coil rings to reduce the power generation amount, so as to save energy to the greatest extent. At the same time, through the detection and control system, the energy can also be reasonably distributed.

[0045] Optionally, asFigure 3 As shown in the figure, the detection and control system includes a controller 14 connected to the power generation coil 13, a distributor 15 connected to the controller 14, and several detectors 16 for detecting the temperature of the anti-icing positions. The several detectors 16 are respectively arranged at each anti-icing position and are respectively connected to the controller 14 to feed back the temperature values of the corresponding anti-icing positions to the controller 14. The distributor 15 is respectively connected to several heating wires 11 to distribute the corresponding electric energy to the corresponding heating wires 11 under the control of the controller 14. In this alternative solution, the controller 14 plays a general control role. It receives the temperature values of each anti-icing position detected by the detectors 16 and controls the distributor 15 to distribute the corresponding electric energy to the corresponding heating wires 11 according to the temperature values, thereby correspondingly controlling the heating temperature or heating intensity of the anti-icing positions, with better energy conservation and effectively avoiding the situation of affecting the reliability of parts due to local thermal shock to the parts.

[0046] In this alternative solution, as Figure 3 shown in the figure, the controller 14 is located in the hollow cavity and is connected to the bearing seat mounting interface 501 or connected to the inner ring mounting interface 610. The distributor 15 is connected in the flow splitter cone 9 formed between the outer duct rectifier and the inner duct rectifier. In this alternative solution, the controller 14 located in the hollow cavity can effectively save a large amount of space originally required for installing the air bleeding anti-icing system; the distributor 15 is connected in the flow splitter cone 9 to facilitate connection with each heating wire 11, with a short connection path and convenient layout inside the generator.

[0047] Preferably, several heating wires 11 on the outer duct rectifier are respectively embedded in several outer duct rectifier vanes 71 of the outer duct rectifier. Several heating wires 11 on the inner duct rectifier are respectively embedded in several inner duct rectifier vanes 62 of the inner duct rectifier. Several heating wires 11 on the flow splitting casing are respectively embedded in several inner duct support plates 81 of the flow splitting casing, or respectively embedded in several inner duct support plates 81 and several outer duct support plates 82 of the flow splitting casing. Several heating wires 11 are also embedded in the flow splitter cone 9 between the outer duct rectifier and the inner duct rectifier at intervals along the circumference. In this preferred solution, the heating wires 11 are internally disposed in the outer duct rectifier vanes 71, the inner duct rectifier vanes 62, the inner duct support plates 81, the outer duct support plates 82 (set as required), and the flow splitter cone 9, so that the heat dissipation is less and the energy consumption can be saved to the greatest extent.

[0048] Preferably, a plurality of detectors 16 on the outer-duct rectifier and a plurality of detectors 16 on the inner-duct rectifier are respectively arranged at uniform intervals in the circumferential direction. A plurality of detectors 16 on the splitter casing are arranged for uniform detection along the circumferential direction of the inner-duct struts 81 of the splitter casing, or are respectively arranged for uniform detection along the circumferential directions of the inner-duct struts 81 and the outer-duct struts 82 of the splitter casing. A plurality of detectors 16 are arranged at uniform intervals in the circumferential direction on the splitter cone 9 between the outer-duct rectifier and the inner-duct rectifier. The detectors 16 are arranged at uniform intervals in the circumferential direction, which can not only meet the temperature detection requirements, but also reduce the number of detectors 16 required, reduce costs and simplify the layout structure inside the engine.

[0049] Preferably, a detector 16 is also provided at the inlet of the engine. The detector 16 is used to detect the temperature value of the air flow at the engine inlet and send it to the controller, so that when the temperature of the inlet air flow is relatively low and may cause icing, the permanent magnet power generation component can be connected in advance to generate electricity to effectively avoid icing inside the engine and rapid de-icing after icing.

[0050] Referring to Figure 4 , a preferred embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for electrothermal anti-icing of a turbofan engine. Using the electrothermal anti-icing structure of any one of the above, the method includes the following steps:

[0051] When the detection control system detects that the temperature values at each anti-icing position are higher than the system-set temperature value, the permanent magnet heating component remains disconnected.

[0052] When the detection control system detects that the temperature value at one or more anti-icing positions is lower than the system-set temperature value, the permanent magnet heating component is turned on and started, and the detection control system distributes the electric energy generated by the permanent magnet power generation component to the corresponding heating wires 11 according to the temperature values at each anti-icing position.

[0053] When the detection control system detects that the temperature values at all anti-icing positions are higher than the system-set temperature value, the permanent magnet heating component is disconnected and the anti-icing ends.

[0054] When the electrothermal anti-icing method of the present invention is adopted, due to the setting of the electrothermal anti-icing structure, it is not necessary to add an air intake pipeline, and it does not occupy the external space of the engine. Therefore, it not only effectively reduces the structural cost, makes the overall structural layout of the turbofan engine simple and compact, but also has low requirements for the sealing and smoothness of the parts along the way and the reliability of the accessories; the electric energy transmission distance is short, so the electric energy dissipation and the losses along the way are small, and it will not cause thermal shock to the parts along the way, thus not affecting the strength of the parts, and the electric energy heating efficiency is high, the anti-icing effect is good, and it does not affect the thermal efficiency of the engine; there is no need to bleed air from the outside of the engine, which does not affect the thermal efficiency of the engine. At the same time, the rotational energy of the fan blade disk 4 is recovered, and the resource utilization rate is high; the present invention also controls the heating intensity of the anti-icing position through the setting of the detection control system, performs targeted anti-icing, has better energy saving performance, and basically can avoid local thermal shock to the parts and avoid affecting the reliability of the parts.

[0055] Preferably, in the step "when the detection control system detects that the temperature values of one or more anti-icing positions are lower than the system-set temperature value, the permanent magnet heating member is turned on and started, and the detection control system distributes the electric energy generated by the permanent magnet power generation member to the corresponding heating wires 11 according to the temperature values of the respective anti-icing positions", if the detection control system detects that the temperature values of some anti-icing positions are higher than the system-set temperature value, the detection control system controls the permanent magnet heating member to correspondingly reduce the power generation power. During actual operation, the detection control system can correspondingly turn on multiple coil rings at the same time to increase the power generation of the permanent magnet power generation member according to the actual temperature of the detected anti-icing position, or correspondingly turn off one or more coil rings to reduce the power generation of the permanent magnet power generation member, so as to save energy to the greatest extent. At the same time, the detection control system can also reasonably distribute the energy.

[0056] The specific working process of the electrothermal anti-icing method of the turbofan engine of the present invention is as follows:

[0057] The engine startup operation drives the fan blade disk 4 to rotate. When the detector 16 detects that the temperature values at all anti-icing positions are higher than the system-set temperature value, the controller 14 does not receive the anti-icing signal, and the power generation coil 13 remains disconnected. During the continuous operation of the engine, when the detector 16 detects that the temperature value at one or more anti-icing positions is lower than the system-set temperature value, the controller 14 receives the anti-icing signal. The controller 14 closes the switch of the power generation coil 13, and the power generation coil 13 starts to generate electricity. At the same time, the distributor 15 reasonably distributes the electric energy to the heating wires 11 at all anti-icing positions that require anti-icing, causing the heating wires 11 to start working. After anti-icing for a period of time, when the controller 14 does not receive the local anti-icing cancellation requirement, the power generation coil 13 maintains its power and the distributor 15 maintains the original electric energy distribution method. When the controller 14 receives the local anti-icing cancellation requirement, the power generation coil 13 reduces its power generation, and at the same time, the distributor 15 cancels the operation of the specified heating wire 11. After continuing to anti-ice for a period of time, before the controller 14 receives the full anti-icing cancellation requirement, the controller continues to judge whether it receives the local anti-icing cancellation requirement and guides the corresponding operations. When the controller 14 receives the full anti-icing operation, it controls the power generation coil 13 to be completely disconnected, and the anti-icing is completed. The entire anti-icing control process has a high degree of automation and saves energy to the greatest extent possible.

[0058] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric heating anti-icing structure for a turbofan engine, comprising a fan blade disk (4) fixedly mounted on the outer circumference of a core shaft (3), a bearing seat (5) sleeved on the outer circumference of the core shaft (3), an inner rectifier sleeved outside the bearing seat (5), an outer rectifier sleeved outside the inner rectifier, and a splitter casing sleeved on the outer circumference of the core shaft (3), characterized in that: The turbofan engine electric heating anti-icing structure also includes an electric heating anti-icing assembly (1) for generating electricity, heating and anti-icing, wherein the electric heating anti-icing assembly (1) includes a permanent magnet power generation component, a detection and control system and a plurality of electric heating wires (11) connected in sequence; The permanent magnet power generation component is separately arranged on the fan blade disc (4) and the bearing seat (5), or separately arranged on the fan blade disc (4) and the inner rectifier, or separately arranged on the fan blade disc (4) and the outer rectifier, so as to generate electric energy during the rotation of the fan blade disc (4); A plurality of electric heating wires (11) are arranged at anti-icing positions in the inner rectifier, the outer rectifier and the shunt casing where heating and anti-icing are required; The detection control system is used to detect the temperature value of each anti-icing position, and distribute the electric energy generated by the permanent magnet power generation component to the corresponding electric heating wire (11) according to the temperature value; The permanent magnet power generation component comprises an annular permanent magnet ring (12) and an annular power generation coil (13); the permanent magnet ring (12) is connected to the rotor mounting interface (401) of the fan blade disk (4); the power generation coil (13) is connected to the inner ring mounting interface (610) of the inner rectifier inner ring (61) of the inner rectifier, or connected to the bearing seat mounting interface (501) of the bearing seat (5), and the power generation coil (13) is connected to the detection and control system, and the permanent magnet ring (12) and the power generation coil (13) are both located in a hollow cavity formed by the fan blade disk (4), the bearing seat (5) and the inner rectifier inner ring (61); The detection control system comprises a controller (14) connected to a generating coil (13), a distributor (15) connected to the controller (14), and a plurality of detectors (16) for detecting the temperature of an anti-icing position; the plurality of detectors (16) are arranged at each anti-icing position and are respectively connected to the controller (14) so ​​as to feed back the temperature value of the corresponding anti-icing position to the controller (14); the distributor (15) is respectively connected to a plurality of heating wires (11) so as to distribute corresponding electric energy to corresponding heating wires (11) under the control of the controller (14); the controller (14) is located in the hollow cavity and is connected to a bearing seat mounting interface (501) or to an inner ring mounting interface (610); the distributor (15) is connected to a diverter cone (9) formed between an outer rectifier and an inner ring rectifier.

2. The turbofan engine electric heating anti-icing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generating coil (13) comprises a plurality of coil rings, each of which is provided with a control switch for controlling the on and off of the coil ring, and each control switch is respectively connected to a detection control system.

3. The turbofan engine electric heating anti-icing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of electric heating wires (11) on the outer duct rectifier are embedded one by one in a plurality of outer duct rectifier blades (71) of the outer duct rectifier; A plurality of electric heating wires (11) on the internal rectifier are embedded one by one in a plurality of internal rectifier blades (62) of the internal rectifier; A plurality of electric heating wires (11) on the flow splitter casing are embedded one by one in a plurality of inner channel support plates (81) of the flow splitter casing, or are embedded one by one in a plurality of inner channel support plates (81) and a plurality of outer channel support plates (82) of the flow splitter casing; A plurality of electric heating wires (11) are also buried in the flow dividing cone (9) between the outer rectifier and the inner rectifier and are arranged in sequence and at intervals along the circumferential direction.

4. The turbofan engine electric heating anti-icing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of detectors (16) on the outer rectifier and the plurality of detectors (16) on the inner rectifier are evenly spaced and arranged in the circumferential direction; A plurality of detectors (16) on the flow splitter casing are evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner channel support plate (81) of the flow splitter casing for detection, or are evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner channel support plate (81) and the outer channel support plate (82) of the flow splitter casing for detection; A plurality of detectors (16) are evenly spaced in the circumferential direction of the flow splitting cone (9) between the outer rectifier and the inner rectifier.

5. The turbofan engine electric heating anti-icing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A detector (16) is also provided at the inlet of the engine.

6. A turbofan engine electric heating anti-icing method, characterized in that: The turbofan engine electric heating anti-icing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted, comprising the following steps: When the detection and control system detects that the temperature value of each anti-icing position is higher than the system set temperature value, the permanent magnet power generation component remains disconnected; When the detection and control system detects that the temperature value of one or more anti-icing positions is lower than the system set temperature value, the permanent magnet power generation component is turned on and started, and the detection and control system distributes the electric energy generated by the permanent magnet power generation component to the corresponding electric heating wire (11) according to the temperature value of each anti-icing position; When the detection and control system detects that the temperature values ​​of all anti-icing positions are higher than the system set temperature value, the permanent magnet power generation component is disconnected and the anti-icing ends.

7. The turbofan engine electric thermal anti-icing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step "when the detection and control system detects that the temperature value of one or more anti-icing positions is lower than the system set temperature value, the permanent magnet power generation component is turned on and started, and the detection and control system distributes the electric energy generated by the permanent magnet power generation component to the corresponding heating wire (11) according to the temperature value of each anti-icing position", if the detection and control system detects that the temperature value of some anti-icing positions is higher than the system set temperature value, the detection and control system controls the permanent magnet power generation component to reduce the power generation power accordingly.

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