Large heavy-load cylindrical gear speed reducer

Abstract

The invention belongs to the related technical field of speed reducers, and particularly relates to a large heavy-load cylindrical gear speed reducer which comprises a machine base, a protective shell is fixedly connected to the upper end of the machine base, a speed reducer assembly is arranged in the protective shell, and the speed reducer assembly comprises a driving cylinder rotationally connected to the interior of the protective shell; the driving cylinder is fixedly connected with a driving gear; and the efficient heat dissipation mechanism is used for conducting efficient heat dissipation on the interior of the protective shell in an air cooling and water cooling combined mode. By arranging the efficient heat dissipation mechanism, in the process that the driving barrel rotates and the speed reducer starts to work, cooling water in the driving barrel conducts water cooling on the driving barrel, a second rotating rod synchronously rotates under the action of a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt, and fan blades are driven to rotate to conduct heat dissipation treatment on the meshing position of a driving gear and a transmission gear; and through the mode of combining air cooling and water cooling, the heat dissipation effect on the speed reducer is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field related to reducers, and in particular relates to a large-scale heavy-load cylindrical gear reducer. Background Art

[0002] Large heavy-duty cylindrical gear reducer is a gear transmission device specially designed for high power and heavy load conditions. It mainly realizes speed conversion and torque amplification between input and output through one or more pairs of cylindrical gears. It is mainly used in the industrial field, especially in occasions requiring high torque, large load and low speed, such as mining, metallurgy, electric power, petrochemical, shipbuilding, engineering machinery and other industries.

[0003] Existing cylindrical gear reducers, such as a cylindrical gear reducer disclosed in China Publication No. CN118959520A, usually have the following technical problems during use: Since large heavy-duty reducers usually bear higher loads, lower speeds, but very large load torques, in this case, the friction will increase significantly and the heat generated will also be higher. This heat usually comes from the meshing of the gears in the reducer, the friction of the bearings, and the shearing of the oil. However, the existing cylindrical gear reducers have limited heat dissipation effects and are not suitable for dissipating the high heat generated by large loads, which results in untimely heat dissipation and seriously affects the service life and reliability of the reducer. In addition, the heat dissipation effect of the reducer cannot be adjusted. The heat generated when the reducer just starts working is often relatively low. If the heat dissipation effect cannot be reduced accordingly at this time, the reducer will be overcooled, and the lubrication system inside the reducer will not flow effectively, thereby aggravating wear and further causing the reducer to malfunction. The heat generated by the reducer when working for a long time is relatively high. If the heat dissipation effect cannot be improved accordingly at this time, the heat dissipation effect will not be able to meet the demand, and then cause the reducer to overheat and be damaged. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large heavy-duty cylindrical gear reducer that can dissipate heat from the reducer by combining air cooling and water cooling to avoid excessive heat generated by the large heavy-duty reducer in response to the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A large heavy-duty cylindrical gear reducer, comprising: A machine base, wherein the upper end of the machine base is fixedly connected to a protective shell, a reducer assembly is arranged inside the protective shell, and the reducer assembly includes a driving cylinder rotatably connected to the inside of the protective shell, and a driving gear is fixedly connected to the driving cylinder; An efficient heat dissipation mechanism is used to efficiently dissipate heat from the inside of a protective shell by combining air cooling and water cooling, the efficient heat dissipation mechanism includes a guide cylinder fixedly connected to the inside of the protective shell, the drive cylinder and the guide cylinder are airtightly rotatably connected, and the interior of the drive cylinder is communicated with the interior of the guide cylinder, the drive cylinder and the guide cylinder are filled with cooling water, a first rotating rod and a second rotating rod are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the protective shell, the first rotating rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the drive cylinder, a motor for driving the first rotating rod is provided on the outer wall of the protective shell, a fan blade is fixedly connected to the second rotating rod, the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod are both provided with synchronous wheels, and a synchronous belt is sleeved between the two synchronous wheels.

[0006] Preferably, the reducer assembly also includes a transmission rod rotatably connected to the inside of the protective shell, the transmission rod is fixedly connected to a transmission gear meshing with the driving gear, and the portion of the transmission rod extending outside the protective shell is fixedly connected to an output shaft.

[0007] Preferably, a self-circulating mechanism is further provided inside the protective shell for automatically circulating cooling water during the operation of the reducer, the self-circulating mechanism comprises a circulation chamber opened inside the machine base, heat dissipation ports are opened on both side walls of the circulation chamber, a fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell on the side away from the first rotating rod, the fixed cylinder is airtightly rotatably connected to the driving cylinder, a reciprocating screw is coaxially fixedly connected inside the fixed cylinder, a moving block is slidably connected in the horizontal direction inside the driving cylinder, and an airtight sliding connection is formed inside the driving cylinder. There is a piston plate, a limiting cylinder is fixedly connected between the piston plate and the moving block, the inner diameter of the limiting cylinder is larger than the diameter of the reciprocating screw rod, a drain pipe is fixedly connected on the side wall of the circulation chamber, the drain pipe passes through the fixed cylinder, the reciprocating screw rod, the limiting cylinder and the piston plate and extends to the interior of the driving cylinder, and the drain pipe is air-tightly connected to the piston plate, a drain port is provided on the part of the drain pipe extending into the driving cylinder, the bottom end of the guide cylinder is fixedly connected with a liquid inlet pipe, the liquid inlet pipe extends to the interior of the circulation chamber, and both the drain pipe and the liquid inlet pipe are provided with a one-way valve.

[0008] Preferably, the discharge pipe is coaxially arranged with the fixed cylinder, the reciprocating screw rod, the limiting cylinder and the piston plate.

[0009] Preferably, a bevel gear ring is fixedly connected to the peripheral side wall of the driving cylinder, an extension rod is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the protective shell, the top of the extension rod is fixedly connected to a bevel gear meshing with the bevel gear ring, and the part of the extension rod extending into the circulation chamber is provided with multiple sets of stirring blades.

[0010] Preferably, an adjustment mechanism is also provided between the driving cylinder and the driving gear, which is used for automatically adjusting the water cooling effect of the driving gear according to the temperature of the driving gear during operation. The adjustment mechanism includes an annular cavity opened inside the driving gear, the inner wall of the annular cavity is air-tightly slidably connected with an annular plate, two return springs are provided between the annular plate and the inner wall of the annular cavity, the peripheral side wall of the driving cylinder is fixedly connected with an annular adjustment frame, the interior of the annular adjustment frame is air-tightly installed with a plastic annular plate, the piston plate is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, the annular adjustment frame is fixedly connected with two liquid guide tubes extending to the interior of the annular cavity, the liquid guide tube is air-tightly slidably connected with a piston block, a push rod is fixedly connected between the annular plate and the piston block, the space on one side of the annular cavity close to the liquid guide tube is filled with white oil, and the annular adjustment frame and the liquid guide tube are filled with hydraulic oil.

[0011] Preferably, the length of the plastic ring plate is greater than the moving range of the piston plate and the moving block.

[0012] Preferably, the liquid discharge pipe is extended to the position of the driving gear and is fixedly connected with a spiral stirring rod.

[0013] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of this large heavy-duty cylindrical gear reducer are: 1. The present invention provides a high-efficiency heat dissipation mechanism. When the drive cylinder rotates and the reducer starts to work, the cooling water inside the drive cylinder cools the drive cylinder, and the second rotating rod rotates synchronously under the action of the synchronous wheel and the synchronous belt, driving the fan blades to rotate to dissipate heat at the meshing point of the drive gear and the transmission gear. By combining air cooling and water cooling, the heat dissipation effect of the reducer is improved, avoiding excessive heat generated by large and heavy-loaded reducers, resulting in inability to effectively dissipate heat, and improving the service life and reliability of large and heavy-loaded reducers.

[0014] 2. The present invention sets a self-circulation mechanism. During the rotation of the driving cylinder, the fixed cylinder and the driving cylinder rotate relative to each other, so that the moving block inside the driving cylinder performs reciprocating horizontal displacement along the reciprocating screw rod, so that the cooling water can self-circulate, and the cooling water in the circulation chamber can contact the outside air through the heat dissipation port, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation effect of the cooling water on the driving cylinder and the driving gear, and further improving the heat dissipation effect of the reducer.

[0015] 3. The present invention sets an adjustment mechanism. When the reducer just starts to work and the temperature of the driving gear is low, the coverage range of the cross-section of the plastic ring plate is relatively small, so that the piston plate draws a relatively small volume of cooling water when moving along the plastic ring plate, so that the circulation rate of the cooling water is reduced, thereby reducing the cooling effect and avoiding overcooling of the reducer. When the reducer works for a long time and the temperature of the driving gear is high, the coverage range of the cross-section of the plastic ring plate is relatively large, and a relatively large volume of cooling water is drawn, so that the circulation rate of the cooling water is increased, thereby avoiding overheating and damage of the reducer due to the failure of the heat dissipation effect to meet the demand. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention when viewed from above; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention when viewed from the front; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0017] In the figure: 1, machine base; 11, protective shell; 2, reducer assembly; 21, drive cylinder; 22, drive gear; 23, transmission rod; 24, transmission gear; 25, output shaft; 3, high-efficiency heat dissipation mechanism; 31, guide cylinder; 32, first rotating rod; 33, second rotating rod; 34, motor; 35, fan blade; 36, synchronous wheel; 37, synchronous belt; 4, self-circulation mechanism; 41, circulation cavity; 42, heat dissipation port; 43, fixed cylinder; 44 , reciprocating screw; 45, moving block; 46, piston plate; 47, limiting cylinder; 48, drain pipe; 49, drain port; 410, inlet pipe; 5, bevel gear ring; 51, extension rod; 52, bevel gear; 53, stirring blade; 6, adjusting mechanism; 61, annular cavity; 62, return spring; 63, annular adjustment frame; 64, plastic ring plate; 65, liquid guide tube; 66, piston block; 67, push rod; 68, annular plate; 7, spiral stirring rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0019] Example: Refer to Figures 1 to 6 , a large heavy-duty cylindrical gear reducer, comprising: A machine base 1, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to a protective shell 11, a reducer assembly 2 is arranged inside the protective shell 11, and the reducer assembly 2 includes a driving cylinder 21 rotatably connected to the inside of the protective shell 11, and a driving gear 22 is fixedly connected to the driving cylinder 21; Specifically, the reducer assembly 2 also includes a transmission rod 23 rotatably connected to the inside of the protective shell 11, and a transmission gear 24 meshing with the drive gear 22 is fixedly connected to the transmission rod 23. The part of the transmission rod 23 extending outside the protective shell 11 is fixedly connected to the output shaft 25.

[0020] The high-efficiency heat dissipation mechanism 3 is used for efficiently dissipating the inside of the protective shell 11 by combining air cooling and water cooling. The high-efficiency heat dissipation mechanism 3 includes a guide tube 31 fixedly connected to the inside of the protective shell 11, the driving tube 21 and the guide tube 31 are airtightly rotatably connected, and the inside of the driving tube 21 is communicated with the inside of the guide tube 31. The driving tube 21 and the guide tube 31 are filled with cooling water. A first rotating rod 32 and a second rotating rod 33 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the protective shell 11. The first rotating rod 32 is coaxially fixedly connected to the driving tube 21. A motor 34 for driving the first rotating rod 32 is provided on the outer wall of the protective shell 11. A fan blade 35 is fixedly connected to the second rotating rod 33. Synchronous wheels 36 are provided on the first rotating rod 32 and the second rotating rod 33. A synchronous belt 37 is sleeved between the two synchronous wheels 36. In view of the limited heat dissipation effect of the cylindrical gear reducer in the prior art, which is not suitable for dissipating the high heat generated by large loads, resulting in untimely heat dissipation, which seriously affects the service life and reliability of the reducer, the present invention sets a high-efficiency heat dissipation mechanism 3. When in use, the first rotating rod 32 is driven to rotate by the motor 34, so that the driving cylinder 21 rotates, and the driving gear 22 and the transmission gear 24 further drive the transmission rod 23 and the output shaft 25 to rotate, so that the reducer starts to work. During this process, the cooling water inside the driving cylinder 21 can water-cool the driving cylinder 21, and the second rotating rod 33 rotates synchronously under the action of the synchronous wheel 36 and the synchronous belt 37, driving the fan blades 35 to rotate to dissipate heat at the meshing point of the driving gear 22 and the transmission gear 24. Through the combination of air cooling and water cooling, the heat dissipation effect of the reducer is improved, and the excessive heat generated by the large and heavy-loaded reducer is avoided, resulting in the inability to effectively dissipate heat, thereby improving the service life and reliability of the large and heavy-loaded reducer.

[0021] The self-circulation mechanism 4 is used to automatically circulate the cooling water during the operation of the reducer to improve the heat dissipation effect of the reducer. The self-circulation mechanism 4 includes a circulation chamber 41 opened inside the machine base 1. Heat dissipation ports 42 are opened on both side walls of the circulation chamber 41. A fixed cylinder 43 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective shell 11 away from the first rotating rod 32. The fixed cylinder 43 is connected to the driving cylinder 21 in an airtight rotational connection. A reciprocating screw rod 44 is coaxially fixedly connected inside the fixed cylinder 43. A moving block 45 is connected to the driving cylinder 21 in a horizontal sliding direction. A piston plate 46 is connected to the driving cylinder 21 in an airtight sliding direction. The piston plate 46 A limiting cylinder 47 is fixedly connected to the moving block 45, and the inner diameter of the limiting cylinder 47 is larger than the diameter of the reciprocating screw 44. A drain pipe 48 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the circulation chamber 41. The drain pipe 48 passes through the fixed cylinder 43, the reciprocating screw 44, the limiting cylinder 47 and the piston plate 46 and extends to the interior of the driving cylinder 21. The drain pipe 48 and the piston plate 46 are air-tightly connected, and a drain port 49 is provided in the portion where the drain pipe 48 extends into the driving cylinder 21. The bottom end of the guide cylinder 31 is fixedly connected to a liquid inlet pipe 410, which extends to the interior of the circulation chamber 41. Both the drain pipe 48 and the liquid inlet pipe 410 are provided with a one-way valve.

[0022] Specifically, each heat dissipation port 42 is provided with a water-isolating membrane. The setting of the membrane water prevents the cooling water in the circulation cavity 41 from overflowing to the outside, thereby ensuring the circulation cooling of the cooling water and ensuring that the cooling water in the circulation cavity 41 can contact with the outside air for heat dissipation.

[0023] Specifically, the one-way valve is set so that when the piston plate 46 performs reciprocating horizontal displacement in the driving cylinder 21, the cooling water in the circulation chamber 41 can only be pumped into the guide cylinder 31 through the liquid inlet pipe 410, and the cooling water in the driving cylinder 21 can only be pumped back into the circulation chamber 41 through the liquid discharge pipe 48 for heat dissipation, thereby avoiding the backflow of cooling water.

[0024] Specifically, a strip limit groove can be set on the inner wall of the driving cylinder 21, and a limit block slidably connected to the inner wall of the strip limit groove can be set on the moving block 45. Since the strip limit groove and the limit block can be set at the front and rear positions here, they are not marked in the figure. At the same time, this is an existing mature technology, so it will not be repeated.

[0025] Specifically, the drain pipe 48 is coaxially arranged with the fixed cylinder 43, the reciprocating screw rod 44, the limiting cylinder 47 and the piston plate 46 to prevent the driving cylinder 21 from twisting the drain pipe 48 during rotation, thereby affecting the circulation of the cooling water.

[0026] In order to improve the water cooling effect on the reducer, the present invention sets a self-circulation mechanism 4. During the rotation of the driving cylinder 21, since the fixed cylinder 43 is fixed to the inner wall of the protective shell 11, relative rotation occurs between the fixed cylinder 43 and the driving cylinder 21, thereby causing relative rotation between the moving block 45 and the reciprocating screw 44 inside the driving cylinder 21, so that the moving block 45 can reciprocate horizontally along the reciprocating screw 44, thereby driving the piston plate 46 to reciprocate horizontally in the driving cylinder 21, so that the cooling water can circulate in the circulation chamber 41, the liquid inlet pipe 410, the guide cylinder 31, the driving cylinder 21, and the discharge pipe 48, so that the cooling water can perform self-circulation heat dissipation treatment, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation effect of the cooling water on the driving cylinder 21 and the driving gear 22, and further improving the heat dissipation effect of the reducer.

[0027] It is worth mentioning that a bevel gear ring 5 is fixedly connected to the peripheral side wall of the driving cylinder 21, an extension rod 51 is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the protective shell 11, and the top of the extension rod 51 is fixedly connected to a bevel gear 52 meshing with the bevel gear ring 5. The part of the extension rod 51 extending into the circulation chamber 41 is provided with a plurality of stirring blades 53. During the rotation of the driving cylinder 21, the bevel gear 52 can be driven to rotate by the bevel gear ring 5, and the stirring blades 53 can be further driven to rotate by the extension rod 51, so as to stir the cooling water in the circulation chamber 41, thereby improving its contact effect with the air, and ensuring that the cooling water in the circulation chamber 41 has a high water cooling effect after entering the guide cylinder 31 and the driving cylinder 21.

[0028] An adjusting mechanism 6 is also provided between the driving cylinder 21 and the driving gear 22, which is used for automatically adjusting the water cooling effect of the driving gear 22 according to the temperature of the driving gear 22 during operation. The adjusting mechanism 6 includes an annular cavity 61 opened inside the driving gear 22, and an annular plate 68 is air-tightly slidably connected to the inner wall of the annular cavity 61. Two return springs 62 are provided between the annular plate 68 and the inner wall of the annular cavity 61. An annular adjusting frame 63 is fixedly connected to the peripheral side wall of the driving cylinder 21, and a plastic ring plate 64 is air-tightly installed inside the annular adjusting frame 63. The piston plate 46 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material. Two liquid guide tubes 65 extending to the inside of the annular cavity 61 are fixedly connected on the annular adjusting frame 63, and a piston block 66 is air-tightly slidably connected inside the liquid guide tube 65. A push rod 67 is fixedly connected between the annular plate 68 and the piston block 66. The space on one side of the annular cavity 61 close to the liquid guide tube 65 is filled with white oil, and the inside of the annular adjusting frame 63 and the liquid guide tube 65 are filled with hydraulic oil.

[0029] Specifically, white oil is a common liquid that expands when heated and contracts when cooled. It expands when heated and contracts when the temperature drops. This liquid is widely used in liquid thermometers and some temperature control equipment.

[0030] Specifically, the piston plate 46 made of polytetrafluoroethylene material has good wear resistance, elasticity and sealing performance, and the plastic ring plate 64 has sufficient elasticity and restoring force. Therefore, when the plastic ring plate 64 is deformed, it can drive the piston plate 46 to deform synchronously, and at the same time, the piston plate 46 and the inner wall of the plastic ring plate 64 always maintain an airtight connection.

[0031] Specifically, the length of the plastic ring plate 64 is greater than the moving range of the piston plate 46 and the moving block 45, further ensuring that the piston plate 46 always maintains a seal with the plastic ring plate 64 during reciprocating horizontal displacement, thereby preventing the piston plate 46 from detaching from the plastic ring plate 64 and causing sealing failure.

[0032] In view of the problem that the heat dissipation effect of the reducer cannot be adjusted in the prior art, the present invention sets an adjustment mechanism 6. During the operation of the reducer, the temperature of the driving gear 22 will be transmitted to the white oil inside the annular cavity 61. Since the white oil has good thermal expansion and contraction properties, the heat dissipation effect can be adaptively adjusted according to the operation of the reducer. The specific adjustment process is as follows: When the reducer just starts to work and the temperature of the driving gear 22 is low, the temperature of the white oil in the annular cavity 61 can be kept low, so that the white oil is in a contracted state, and the coverage of the cross section of the plastic ring plate 64 is relatively small. Since the piston plate 46 is always in a sealed fit with the plastic ring plate 64, the piston plate 46 draws a relatively small volume of cooling water when moving along the plastic ring plate 64, so that the circulation rate of the cooling water is reduced, and the contact time of water molecules with the driving cylinder 21 is longer. However, as the temperature of the water gradually increases, the heat taken away is reduced, thereby reducing the cooling effect when the heat generated by the reducer is low, avoiding overcooling of the reducer, and ensuring the effective flow of the lubrication system; When the reducer works for a long time and the temperature of the driving gear 22 is high, the temperature of the white oil in the annular cavity 61 is high, so that the white oil is in an expanded state, so that the annular plate 68 is able to move away from the liquid guide tube 65, and further pull the piston block 66 through the push rod 67 to slide airtightly in the liquid guide tube 65, so that more hydraulic oil in the annular adjustment frame 63 enters the liquid guide tube 65, so that the plastic ring plate 64 expands and becomes larger under the action of its own restoring force. The coverage range of the cross-section of the plastic ring plate 64 is relatively large, so that the piston plate 46 sucks a relatively large volume of cooling water when moving along the plastic ring plate 64, so that the circulation rate of the cooling water is increased, so as to avoid the heat dissipation effect failing to meet the demand and causing overheating and damage to the reducer.

[0033] It should also be noted that the drain pipe 48 extends to the position of the driving gear 22 and is fixedly connected to a spiral stirring rod 7. Since the driving cylinder 21 rotates during operation, the spiral stirring rod 7 and the drain pipe 48 always remain fixed, so that the spiral stirring rod 7 and the driving cylinder 21 can rotate relative to each other. The cooling water flowing through the driving gear 22 is stirred by the spiral stirring rod 7 to ensure the cooling effect of the cooling water on the driving gear 22.

[0034] The present invention can be explained by the following operation mode: When in use, the motor 34 drives the first rotating rod 32 to rotate, so that the driving cylinder 21 rotates, and further drives the driving rod 23 and the output shaft 25 to rotate through the driving gear 22 and the transmission gear 24, so that the reducer starts to work; The cooling water in the driving cylinder 21 can cool the driving cylinder 21, and the second rotating rod 33 rotates synchronously under the action of the synchronous wheel 36 and the synchronous belt 37, driving the fan blades 35 to rotate to dissipate heat at the meshing point of the driving gear 22 and the transmission gear 24. The heat dissipation effect of the reducer is improved by combining air cooling and water cooling. During the rotation of the drive cylinder 21, the fixed cylinder 43 and the drive cylinder 21 rotate relative to each other, so that the moving block 45 and the reciprocating screw rod 44 inside the drive cylinder 21 rotate relative to each other, thereby driving the piston plate 46 to perform reciprocating horizontal displacement in the drive cylinder 21, so that the cooling water can circulate in the circulation chamber 41, the liquid inlet pipe 410, the guide cylinder 31, the drive cylinder 21, and the liquid discharge pipe 48, so that the cooling water can perform self-circulation heat dissipation treatment; When the reducer just starts to work and the temperature of the driving gear 22 is low, the temperature of the white oil in the annular cavity 61 can be low, so that the white oil is in a contracted state, and the coverage range of the cross-section of the plastic ring plate 64 is relatively small. Therefore, the piston plate 46 sucks a relatively small volume of cooling water when moving along the plastic ring plate 64, so that the circulation rate of the cooling water is reduced. When the reducer works for a long time and the temperature of the driving gear 22 is high, the coverage range of the cross-section of the plastic ring plate 64 is relatively large, so that the piston plate 46 sucks a relatively large volume of cooling water when moving along the plastic ring plate 64, so that the circulation rate of the cooling water is increased.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large heavy-duty cylindrical gear reducer, characterized in that: include: A machine base (1), wherein the upper end of the machine base (1) is fixedly connected to a protective housing (11), a reducer assembly (2) is provided inside the protective housing (11), and the reducer assembly (2) comprises a drive cylinder (21) rotatably connected to the inside of the protective housing (11), and a drive gear (22) is fixedly connected to the drive cylinder (21); A high-efficiency heat dissipation mechanism (3) is used to efficiently dissipate heat from the inside of the protective housing (11) by combining air cooling and water cooling, the high-efficiency heat dissipation mechanism (3) comprising a guide tube (31) fixedly connected to the inside of the protective housing (11), the driving tube (21) and the guide tube (31) being airtightly rotatably connected, and the inside of the driving tube (21) is connected to the inside of the guide tube (31), the inside of the driving tube (21) and the guide tube (31) are filled with cooling water, and the protective housing (11) ) is rotatably connected to an inner wall of the protective housing (11); the first rotating rod (32) is coaxially fixedly connected to the driving cylinder (21); a motor (34) for driving the first rotating rod (32) is provided on the outer wall of the protective housing (11); a fan blade (35) is fixedly connected to the second rotating rod (33); a synchronous wheel (36) is provided on both the first rotating rod (32) and the second rotating rod (33); a synchronous belt (37) is sleeved between the two synchronous wheels (36).

2. The large heavy-duty cylindrical gear reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reducer assembly (2) further comprises a transmission rod (23) rotatably connected to the interior of the protective housing (11); a transmission gear (24) meshing with the drive gear (22) is fixedly connected to the transmission rod (23); and an output shaft (25) is fixedly connected to the portion of the transmission rod (23) extending outside the protective housing (11).

3. The large heavy-duty cylindrical gear reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: A self-circulating mechanism (4) is also provided inside the protective housing (11) for automatically circulating cooling water during the operation of the reducer. The self-circulating mechanism (4) comprises a circulation chamber (41) provided inside the machine base (1). Both side walls of the circulation chamber (41) are provided with heat dissipation ports (42). A fixed cylinder (43) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective housing (11) on the side away from the first rotating rod (32). The fixed cylinder (43) is airtightly rotatably connected to the driving cylinder (21). A reciprocating screw (44) is coaxially fixedly connected inside the fixed cylinder (43). A moving block (45) is slidably connected to the driving cylinder (21) in a horizontal direction. A piston plate (46) is airtightly slidably connected to the driving cylinder (21). The piston plate (46) is rotatably connected to the moving block (45). A limiting cylinder (47) is fixedly connected between the fixing cylinder (43), the reciprocating screw (44), the limiting cylinder (47) and the piston plate (46) and extends to the interior of the driving cylinder (21). The limiting cylinder (47) has an inner diameter greater than the diameter of the reciprocating screw rod (44). A drainage pipe (48) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the circulation chamber (41). The drainage pipe (48) passes through the fixing cylinder (43), the reciprocating screw rod (44), the limiting cylinder (47) and the piston plate (46) and extends to the interior of the driving cylinder (21). The drainage pipe (48) and the piston plate (46) are airtightly connected. A drainage port (49) is provided in the portion of the drainage pipe (48) extending into the interior of the driving cylinder (21). A liquid inlet pipe (410) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide cylinder (31). The liquid inlet pipe (410) extends to the interior of the circulation chamber (41). Both the drainage pipe (48) and the liquid inlet pipe (410) are provided with a one-way valve.

4. The large heavy-duty cylindrical gear reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid discharge pipe (48) is coaxially arranged with the fixed cylinder (43), the reciprocating screw rod (44), the limit cylinder (47) and the piston plate (46).

5. The large heavy-duty cylindrical gear reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: A bevel gear ring (5) is fixedly connected to the peripheral side wall of the driving cylinder (21), an extension rod (51) is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the protective housing (11), a bevel gear (52) meshing with the bevel gear ring (5) is fixedly connected to the top end of the extension rod (51), and a portion of the extension rod (51) extending into the circulation chamber (41) is provided with a plurality of groups of stirring blades (53).

6. The large heavy-duty cylindrical gear reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: An adjustment mechanism (6) is also provided between the driving cylinder (21) and the driving gear (22), and is used for automatically adjusting the water cooling effect of the driving gear (22) according to the temperature of the driving gear (22) during operation. The adjustment mechanism (6) comprises an annular cavity (61) provided inside the driving gear (22), an annular plate (68) is airtightly slidably connected to the inner wall of the annular cavity (61), two return springs (62) are provided between the annular plate (68) and the inner wall of the annular cavity (61), and an annular adjustment frame (63) is fixedly connected to the peripheral side wall of the driving cylinder (21), and the annular adjustment frame (63) A plastic ring plate (64) is installed in an airtight manner inside the annular cavity (61); the piston plate (46) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material; two liquid guide tubes (65) extending into the annular cavity (61) are fixedly connected to the annular adjustment frame (63); a piston block (66) is airtightly slidably connected inside the liquid guide tube (65); a push rod (67) is fixedly connected between the annular plate (68) and the piston block (66); a space on one side of the annular cavity (61) close to the liquid guide tube (65) is filled with white oil; and the annular adjustment frame (63) and the liquid guide tube (65) are filled with hydraulic oil.

7. The large heavy-duty cylindrical gear reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the plastic ring plate (64) is greater than the moving range of the piston plate (46) and the moving block (45).

8. The large heavy-duty cylindrical gear reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid discharge pipe (48) is extended to the position of the driving gear (22) and is fixedly connected to a spiral stirring rod (7).

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