Solid waste incineration device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste incineration, and particularly relates to a solid waste incineration device which comprises an incineration box, a slag guide plate is arranged at the bottom end of the incineration box, vent holes are formed in the slag guide plate, an oxygen supply assembly is arranged below the slag guide plate, and a crushing device is arranged at the top end of the incineration box and used for crushing solid waste. And a uniform distribution mechanism is arranged at the discharging end of the crushing device and used for scattering crushed waste, a smoke exhaust control assembly and a smoke return assembly are arranged at the top end of the incineration box, and the smoke return assembly is used for introducing smoke with the high carbon monoxide concentration into the incineration box again for sufficient combustion. According to the invention, the problem of insufficient combustion of solid waste can be solved, and meanwhile, the generation and emission of oxidation are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste incineration, and in particular relates to a solid waste incineration device. Background Art

[0002] At present, when solid waste is incinerated, solid waste is easy to stick together into agglomerates, which eventually cause accumulation. The accumulated garbage is difficult to be fully burned, which increases the garbage processing time and reduces the working efficiency of the device. At the same time, there is a large amount of harmful carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas of combustion, and direct emission will cause carbon monoxide pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to design a solid waste incineration device to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solid waste incineration device to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a solid waste incineration device, including an incineration box, a slag guide plate is provided at the bottom end of the incineration box, ventilation holes are opened on the slag guide plate, an oxygen supply component is provided below the slag guide plate, a crushing device is provided at the top end of the incineration box, the crushing device is used to crush the solid waste, a uniform distribution mechanism is provided at the discharge end of the crushing device, the uniform distribution mechanism is used to break up the crushed waste, a smoke exhaust control component and a smoke return component are provided at the top end of the incineration box, the smoke return component is used to re-introduce smoke containing a high concentration of carbon monoxide into the incineration box for sufficient combustion.

[0005] Preferably, the oxygen supply assembly includes an air blowing plate fixedly connected to the middle part of the inner bottom wall of the incineration box, a plurality of air blowing pipes are arranged in a circular array on the top of the air blowing plate, a plurality of air blowing nozzles are circumferentially connected on the side walls of the air blowing pipes, the bottom end of the air blowing plate is connected to an air intake pipe, and the end of the air intake pipe is connected to an oxygen supply device.

[0006] Preferably, the crushing device includes a crushing box, the top of the crushing box is connected to a feeding hopper, two crushing rollers are connected between two opposite inner walls of the crushing box for parallel rotation, the two crushing rollers are horizontally arranged, gears are connected to the rotating shafts of the two crushing rollers, the two gears are meshed, and a motor is installed on the incineration box, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to the rotating shaft of one of the crushing rollers.

[0007] Preferably, the uniform distribution mechanism includes a rotating rod rotatably connected to the lower part of the crushing box, a spiral blade is wound around the outer wall of the rotating rod, the cross-section of the outlet end of the crushing box is an inverted trapezoid, the spiral blade is arranged in the outlet end of the crushing box, the bottom end of the rotating rod extends out of the outlet end of the crushing box, and the bottom end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a plurality of dispersing blades along the circumferential direction, the crushing box is provided with a transmission mechanism, and the rotating rod cooperates with the motor transmission through the transmission mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a rotating shaft horizontally rotatably connected to the side wall of the crushing box, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to a driven pulley, a fixed sleeve at the output end of the motor is provided with a driving pulley, the driving pulley is matched with the driven pulley through a belt, the other end of the rotating shaft is connected to bevel gear 1, the top end of the rotating rod is connected to bevel gear 2, bevel gear 1 is meshed with bevel gear 2, and a protective cover is provided at the meshing position of bevel gear 1 and bevel gear 2.

[0009] Preferably, the smoke exhaust control component includes a mounting plate horizontally connected to the outer wall of the incineration box, a filter box is mounted on the mounting plate, the smoke inlet end of the filter box is connected to the top of the incineration box, the smoke outlet end of the filter box is connected to a main smoke exhaust pipe, a fan is provided at one end of the main smoke exhaust pipe close to the filter box, the main smoke exhaust pipe is connected to a smoke exhaust pipe, a carbon monoxide sensor is provided at one end of the smoke exhaust pipe close to the main smoke exhaust pipe, an electromagnetic valve is provided on the upper part of the smoke exhaust pipe, and the electromagnetic valve and the carbon monoxide sensor are electrically connected to a microcontroller.

[0010] Preferably, the smoke return assembly includes a smoke return pipe connected to the end of the main smoke exhaust pipe, the other end of the smoke return pipe passes through the incineration box and extends into the incineration box, and a second fan is provided on the smoke return pipe. The diameter of the smoke return pipe gradually decreases from the outlet end of the second fan to the incineration box, and the second fan is electrically connected to the microcontroller.

[0011] Preferably, the slag guide plate is in an umbrella-shaped structure, a plurality of slag outlets are provided on the outer wall of the incineration box, and a slag outlet door is provided on the slag outlet.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0013] The present invention provides a solid waste incineration device, which can fully crush agglomerated solid waste through a crushing device, and the crushed waste is evenly distributed under the action of a distributing mechanism, and the crushed waste is evenly scattered into an incineration box. At the same time, the oxygen supply component is provided to supply sufficient oxygen for incineration, so that the crushed waste can be fully burned and the generation of carbon monoxide can be reduced. The smoke exhaust control component is provided to dynamically monitor the concentration of carbon monoxide in the flue gas generated by incineration and control the emission, and the smoke return component is provided to return the flue gas to the incineration box for secondary combustion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a solid waste incineration device proposed by the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0018] Among them: 1. Incineration box; 2. Slag guide plate; 3. Vent; 4. Air inlet pipe; 5. Blowing plate; 6. Blowing pipe; 7. Blowing nozzle; 8. Slag outlet; 9. Slag outlet door; 10. Crushing box; 11. Feed hopper; 12. Crushing roller; 13. Gear; 14. Motor; 15. Driving pulley; 16. Driven pulley; 17. Belt; 18. Rotating shaft; 19. Bevel gear one; 20. Rotating rod; 21. Bevel gear two; 22. Spiral blade; 23. Dispersing blade; 24. Material lifting device; 25. Mounting plate; 26. Filter box; 27. Fan one; 28. Main exhaust pipe; 29. ​​Exhaust pipe; 30. Solenoid valve; 31. Carbon monoxide sensor; 32. Return smoke pipe; 33. Fan two; 34. Protective cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Reference Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a solid waste incineration device, including an incineration box 1, a slag guide plate 2 is arranged at the bottom end of the incineration box 1, a vent hole 3 is opened on the slag guide plate 2, an oxygen supply component is arranged below the slag guide plate 2, a crushing device is arranged at the top end of the incineration box 1, the crushing device is used to crush the solid waste, a uniform distribution mechanism is arranged at the discharge end of the crushing device, the uniform distribution mechanism is used to break up the crushed waste, a smoke exhaust control component and a smoke return component are arranged at the top end of the incineration box 1, and the smoke return component is used to re-introduce smoke containing a high concentration of carbon monoxide into the incineration box 1 for sufficient combustion.

[0022] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate pouring the solid waste into the crushing device, a material lifting device 24 is provided on one side of the incineration box 1.

[0023] The agglomerated solid waste can be fully crushed by the crushing device, and the crushed waste is evenly distributed under the action of the distributing mechanism, and the crushed waste is evenly scattered into the incineration box 1. At the same time, the oxygen supply component is provided to supply sufficient oxygen for incineration, so that the crushed waste can be fully burned and the generation of carbon monoxide can be reduced. The smoke exhaust control component is provided to dynamically monitor the concentration of carbon monoxide in the flue gas generated by incineration and control the emission. The smoke return component is provided to return the flue gas to the incineration box 1 for secondary combustion.

[0024] Furthermore, the oxygen supply assembly includes an air blowing plate 5 fixedly connected to the middle part of the inner bottom wall of the incineration box 1, a plurality of air blowing pipes 6 are arranged in a circular array on the top of the air blowing plate 5, a plurality of air blowing nozzles 7 are connected circumferentially on the side walls of the air blowing pipes 6, the bottom end of the air blowing plate 5 is connected to an air intake pipe 4, and the end of the air intake pipe 4 is connected to an oxygen supply device.

[0025] Oxygen is evenly blown into the incineration box 1 through the oxygen supply device through the blowing pipe 6 and the blowing nozzle 7 on the blowing plate 5 to provide sufficient oxygen for waste incineration. The blowing nozzle 7 is arranged horizontally to prevent the residue on the slag guide plate 2 from falling and causing the blowing nozzle 7 to be blocked.

[0026] Furthermore, the crushing device includes a crushing box 10, the top of the crushing box 10 is connected to a hopper 11, two crushing rollers 12 are connected between two opposite inner walls of the crushing box 10 for parallel rotation, the two crushing rollers 12 are horizontally arranged, and gears 13 are connected to the rotating shafts of the two crushing rollers 12, and the two gears 13 are meshed. A motor 14 is installed on the incineration box 1, and the output shaft of the motor 14 is connected to the rotating shaft of a crushing roller 12.

[0027] The motor 14 drives the rotating shaft of a crushing roller 12 to rotate, and through the meshing of two gears 13, the two crushing rollers 12 rotate towards each other to crush the agglomerated solids.

[0028] Furthermore, the uniform distribution mechanism includes a rotating rod 20 rotatably connected to the lower part of the crushing box 10, a spiral blade 22 is wound around the outer wall of the rotating rod 20, the cross-section of the outlet end of the crushing box 10 is an inverted trapezoid, the spiral blade 22 is arranged in the outlet end of the crushing box 10, the bottom end of the rotating rod 20 extends out of the outlet end of the crushing box 10, and the bottom end of the rotating rod 20 is fixedly connected to a plurality of dispersing blades 23 along the circumferential direction, and a transmission mechanism is provided on the crushing box 10, and the rotating rod 20 cooperates with the motor 14 through the transmission mechanism.

[0029] The motor 14 transmits power to the rotating rod 20 through the transmission mechanism, so that the rotating rod 20 rotates. The rotating rotating rod 20 drives the spiral blade 22 and the dispersion blade 23 to rotate at the same time. The spiral blade 22 prevents the crushed waste from accumulating at the outlet end of the crushing box 10. The crushed waste transmitted by the spiral blade 22 falls on the rotating dispersion blade 23 and is further cut, and then is scattered in the entire incineration box 1, thereby achieving full contact and combustion of the crushed waste with oxygen.

[0030] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a rotating shaft 18 horizontally connected to the side wall of the crushing box 10, one end of the rotating shaft 18 is connected to a driven pulley 16, the output end fixed sleeve of the motor 14 is provided with a driving pulley 15, the driving pulley 15 is transmitted and cooperated with the driven pulley 16 through a belt 17, the other end of the rotating shaft 18 is connected to a bevel gear 19, the top end of the rotating rod 20 is connected to a bevel gear 21, the bevel gear 19 is meshed with the bevel gear 21, and a protective cover 34 is provided at the meshing position of the bevel gear 19 and the bevel gear 21.

[0031] The motor 14 drives the driving pulley 15 and the driven pulley 16 to rotate, the driven pulley 16 drives the rotating shaft 18 to rotate, the rotating rotating shaft 18 drives the bevel gear 19 to rotate, and the bevel gear 19 is meshed with the bevel gear 21 to drive the rotating rod 20 to rotate. In this embodiment, a bracket is provided in the crushing box 10, and the rotating rod 20 is rotatably connected to the bracket. At the same time, the protective cover 34 is connected to the bracket to protect the bevel gear 21 and the bevel gear 19 to prevent the crushed waste from falling on the meshing position of the bevel gear 19 and the bevel gear 21, thereby affecting the transmission.

[0032] Furthermore, the smoke exhaust control component includes a mounting plate 25 horizontally connected to the outer wall of the incineration box 1, and a filter box 26 is installed on the mounting plate 25. The smoke inlet end of the filter box 26 is connected to the top of the incineration box 1, and the smoke outlet end of the filter box 26 is connected to a main smoke exhaust pipe 28. A fan 27 is provided at one end of the main smoke exhaust pipe 28 close to the filter box 26. The main smoke exhaust pipe 28 is connected to a smoke exhaust pipe 29. A carbon monoxide sensor 31 is provided at one end of the smoke exhaust pipe 29 close to the main smoke exhaust pipe 28. An electromagnetic valve 30 is provided on the upper part of the smoke exhaust pipe 29. The electromagnetic valve 30 and the carbon monoxide sensor 31 are electrically connected to a microcontroller.

[0033] In this embodiment, the microcontroller adopts Mitsubishi PLC, the specific model is FX5U series. The carbon monoxide sensor 31 can dynamically monitor the content of the smoke exhaust pipe 29. When it exceeds the predetermined threshold, the microcontroller controls the electromagnetic valve 30 to close, and the flue gas flows back from the smoke return component to the incineration box 1 for secondary combustion. The flue gas can be filtered by the filter box 26. The filter box 26 is a prior art and will not be described here.

[0034] Furthermore, the smoke return assembly includes a smoke return pipe 32 connected to the end of the main smoke exhaust pipe 28, the other end of the smoke return pipe 32 passes through the incineration box 1 and extends into the incineration box 1, and a fan 2 33 is provided on the smoke return pipe 32. The diameter of the smoke return pipe 32 gradually decreases from the outlet end of the fan 2 33 to the incineration box 1, and the fan 2 33 is electrically connected to the microcontroller.

[0035] The smoke is drawn to the exhaust port of the smoke return pipe 32 by the fan 2 33, and the carbon monoxide concentration is increased by reducing the diameter of the smoke return pipe 32. The exhaust port of the smoke return pipe 32 is aligned with the vent 3 so that the returned smoke is fully in contact with oxygen.

[0036] Furthermore, in order to facilitate slag discharge, the slag guide plate 2 is formed into an umbrella-shaped structure, a plurality of slag outlets 8 are provided on the outer wall of the incineration box 1, and a slag outlet door 9 is provided on the slag outlet 8.

[0037] The solid waste incineration device provided by the present invention has a working principle as follows: solid waste is transported to the feed hopper 11 through the material lifting device 24, and the motor 14 is started. The motor 14 drives the rotating shaft of a crushing roller 12 to rotate, and through the meshing of two gears 13, the two crushing rollers 12 rotate in opposite directions to crush the agglomerated solids. The motor 14 drives a driving pulley 15 and a driven pulley 16 to rotate, and the driven pulley 16 drives the rotating shaft 18 to rotate. The rotating rotating shaft 18 drives the bevel gear 19 to rotate, and the bevel gear 19 is meshed with the bevel gear 21 to drive the rotating rod 20 to rotate. The rotating rotating rod 20 also drives the spiral blade 2 2 and the dispersion blade 23 rotate, the spiral blade 22 prevents the crushed waste from accumulating at the outlet end of the crushing box 10, the crushed waste transmitted by the spiral blade 22 falls on the rotating dispersion blade 23 and is further cut, and then is scattered in the entire incineration box 1, and the oxygen supply device is started at the same time, so as to achieve full contact and combustion of the crushed waste with oxygen, and the fan 1 27 is started for smoke exhaust. When the carbon monoxide sensor 31 detects that the carbon monoxide exceeds the preset threshold, the microcontroller controls the electromagnetic valve 30 to close, and at the same time, the microcontroller controls the fan 2 33 to start, and the smoke is drawn back to the incineration box 1 for secondary combustion, thereby reducing the emission of carbon monoxide.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0039] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A solid waste incineration device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an incineration box (1), wherein a slag guide plate (2) is arranged at the bottom end of the incineration box (1), a vent hole (3) is opened on the slag guide plate (2), an oxygen supply component is arranged below the slag guide plate (2), a crushing device is arranged at the top end of the incineration box (1), the crushing device is used to crush solid waste, a uniform distribution mechanism is arranged at the discharge end of the crushing device, the uniform distribution mechanism is used to break up the crushed waste, and a smoke exhaust control component and a smoke return component are arranged at the top end of the incineration box (1), the smoke return component is used to re-introduce smoke containing a high concentration of carbon monoxide into the incineration box (1) for full combustion.

2. The solid waste incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen supply assembly comprises an air blowing plate (5) fixedly connected to the middle part of the inner bottom wall of the incineration box (1); a plurality of air blowing pipes (6) are arranged in a circular array at the top of the air blowing plate (5); a plurality of air blowing nozzles (7) are connected to the side walls of the air blowing pipes (6) in a circumferential direction; the bottom end of the air blowing plate (5) is connected to an air inlet pipe (4); and the end of the air inlet pipe (4) is connected to an oxygen supply device.

3. The solid waste incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing device comprises a crushing box (10), the top end of the crushing box (10) is connected to a hopper (11), two crushing rollers (12) are connected between two opposite inner walls of the crushing box (10) for parallel rotation, the two crushing rollers (12) are arranged horizontally, the rotating shafts of the two crushing rollers (12) are connected to gears (13), the two gears (13) are meshed, and a motor (14) is installed on the incineration box (1), and the output shaft of the motor (14) is connected to the rotating shaft of one of the crushing rollers (12).

4. The solid waste incineration device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The uniform distribution mechanism comprises a rotating rod (20) rotatably connected to the lower part of the crushing box (10), a spiral blade (22) is wound around the outer wall of the rotating rod (20), the cross section of the outlet end of the crushing box (10) is inverted trapezoidal, the spiral blade (22) is arranged in the outlet end of the crushing box (10), the bottom end of the rotating rod (20) extends out of the outlet end of the crushing box (10), and the bottom end of the rotating rod (20) is fixedly connected to a plurality of dispersing blades (23) along the circumferential direction, the crushing box (10) is provided with a transmission mechanism, and the rotating rod (20) is transmission-coordinated with the motor (14) through the transmission mechanism.

5. The solid waste incineration device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism comprises a rotating shaft (18) horizontally rotatably connected to the side wall of the crushing box (10), one end of the rotating shaft (18) is connected to a driven pulley (16), the output end of the motor (14) is fixedly sleeved with a driving pulley (15), the driving pulley (15) is transmission-coordinated with the driven pulley (16) through a belt (17), the other end of the rotating shaft (18) is connected to a bevel gear 1 (19), the top end of the rotating rod (20) is connected to a bevel gear 2 (21), the bevel gear 1 (19) is meshed with the bevel gear 2 (21), and a protective cover (34) is provided at the meshing position of the bevel gear 1 (19) and the bevel gear 2 (21).

6. The solid waste incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke exhaust control component comprises a mounting plate (25) horizontally connected to the outer wall of the incineration box (1), a filter box (26) is mounted on the mounting plate (25), a smoke inlet end of the filter box (26) is connected to the top end of the incineration box (1), a smoke outlet end of the filter box (26) is connected to a main smoke exhaust pipe (28), a fan (27) is arranged at one end of the main smoke exhaust pipe (28) close to the filter box (26), a smoke exhaust pipe (29) is connected to the main smoke exhaust pipe (28), a carbon monoxide sensor (31) is arranged at one end of the smoke exhaust pipe (29) close to the main smoke exhaust pipe (28), an electromagnetic valve (30) is arranged on the upper part of the smoke exhaust pipe (29), and the electromagnetic valve (30) and the carbon monoxide sensor (31) are both electrically connected to a microcontroller.

7. The solid waste incineration device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The smoke return assembly comprises a smoke return pipe (32) connected to the end of the main smoke exhaust pipe (28), the other end of the smoke return pipe (32) passes through the incineration box (1) and extends into the incineration box (1), a second fan (33) is arranged on the smoke return pipe (32), the diameter of the smoke return pipe (32) gradually decreases from the outlet end of the second fan (33) to the incineration box (1), and the second fan (33) is electrically connected to the microcontroller.

8. The solid waste incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag guide plate (2) is in an umbrella-shaped structure, a plurality of slag outlets (8) are arranged on the outer wall of the incineration box (1), and a slag outlet door (9) is arranged on the slag outlet (8).

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