Heating furnace for spray welding, preheating and heat preservation of axial surfaces of large shafts

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of large shaft machining, in particular to a heating furnace for spray welding, preheating and heat preservation of the axial surface of a large shaft. The heating furnace comprises a heating furnace shell provided with a heating furnace controller on the outer side and a carrying trolley used for loading tools, and an opening in the upper end of the heating furnace shell is movably provided with an electric control turnover type furnace door shell; outer hanging type heating resistance wires are fixedly assembled on the inner walls of the two sides of the heating furnace shell. According to the heating furnace for spray welding, preheating and heat preservation of the axial surfaces of the large shafts, the preheating and heat preservation device is adopted, large-batch efficient production can be met, the preparation cost is greatly reduced, and the preparation efficiency is improved; the part can be machined by opening the furnace door at the corresponding position without being taken out of the heating furnace during machining, and the stability of the part manufacturing temperature is guaranteed through synchronization of machining and heating; the preheating and heat preservation requirements of spray welding of the high-hardness and high-wear-resistance layer can be met, and the quality stability of the wear-resistance layer can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of large shaft processing, in particular to a heating furnace used for preheating and heat preservation of the axial surface of large shafts by spray welding. Background Art

[0002] Large-diameter shaft parts such as axles, drill rods, and rollers are often in wear conditions during use. It is necessary to make a wear-resistant layer on the axial surface of large-diameter shaft parts to achieve the high-strength, high-toughness, high-hardness, and high-wear-resistant performance requirements of the core of the shaft parts. Flame spray welding is a low-cost process for preparing the surface wear-resistant layer. During the manufacturing process, the substrate needs to be processed, including but not limited to preheating, surface sandblasting, and other treatment methods. In order to ensure the quality of the wear-resistant layer of large-diameter shaft parts, including porosity, cracks, and bonding strength, preheating and insulation is a cost-effective and easy-to-implement treatment method. The use of preheating and insulation in the spray welding process of large-diameter shaft parts is a key step to ensure the stability of the spray welding layer quality.

[0003] In the past, three methods were usually used for preheating and heat preservation devices, namely industrial heating blanket, flame + heat preservation blanket and heating furnace. For parts with smaller size and thickness, all three preheating and heat preservation methods are feasible, especially the flame + heat preservation blanket method, which is the most convenient and practical, and is the most commonly used in the industrial field. For large-sized parts, especially shaft parts, the three preheating and heat preservation methods have different defects. The industrial heating blanket and flame + heat preservation blanket act on the surface of the parts. When the external temperature reaches the temperature, the internal temperature is still low and the temperature is uncontrollable. The temperature uniformity of the whole product is poor, and the temperature value and uniformity requirements of high hardness and high wear resistance of spray welding are high. Therefore, this method is difficult to ensure the stability of the quality of the spray welding layer; at the same time, the preheating effect of industrial heating blanket and flame + heat preservation blanket wrapped on the surface of large shaft parts is poor. After the spray welding is completed, it cannot be kept warm in time, resulting in a high initial cooling temperature gradient, affecting the quality of the wear-resistant layer; although the heating furnace can solve the problems of uneven temperature and heat preservation, there is a problem that the heating process and the welding process cannot be carried out simultaneously. In addition, the above three preheating and heat preservation devices all require additional processes to meet the preheating and heat preservation functions during the spray welding process, which increases the manufacturing cycle and reduces production efficiency. The quality of the high-hardness and high-wear-resistant layer of spray welding is sensitive to temperature, and it is necessary to ensure that the temperature of the substrate is relatively constant during the entire process. The three commonly used preheating and heat preservation devices are difficult to achieve the process requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new type of heating furnace suitable for preheating and heat preservation of axial spray welding of large shafts. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the quality of the high-hardness and high-wear-resistant spray-welded layer is sensitive to temperature, and the temperature of the substrate needs to be kept relatively constant during the entire process. The three commonly used preheating and insulation devices are difficult to achieve the process requirements.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a heating furnace used for preheating and heat preservation of axial surface spray welding of large shafts, including a heating furnace shell with a heating furnace controller installed on the outside and a carrying trolley for loading tooling, the upper opening of the heating furnace shell is movably equipped with an electrically controlled flip-type furnace door shell, the inner walls on both sides of the heating furnace shell are fixedly equipped with external heating resistance wires, the bottom surface of the heating furnace shell is installed with a slide rail matching the carrying trolley, a plurality of U-shaped bottom displacement hot runners are opened on the inner wall of the heating furnace shell, and the inside of the electrically controlled flip-type furnace door shell is fixedly equipped with a top connecting guide device matching the bottom displacement hot runner.

[0006] The transport trolley comprises an overall tooling frame, slide rail wheels, rollers and a tooling height frame.

[0007] The slide wheel is movably assembled at the lower end of the tooling overall frame through the outer frame. Both sides of the upper surface of the tooling overall frame have upwardly protruding lateral assembly seats. The two ends of the tooling height frame are fixedly assembled with the tooling overall frame by being clamped on the lateral assembly seats, and the roller is connected to the inner side of the tooling height frame through an axis.

[0008] The electrically controlled flip-type furnace door shell comprises a flip cover plate movably mounted at an opening position at the upper end of the heating furnace shell through a furnace door hinge and a top adjustment support rod for controlling the flip cover plate.

[0009] A flow guide chamber is provided inside the flip cover plate, and the top connecting flow guide device includes a top drive motor installed inside the flow guide chamber, a flow guide vane axially fixed to the bottom output end of the top drive motor, a first flow guide control tube fixed to one side of the bottom of the flip cover plate, and a second flow guide control tube fixed to the other side of the bottom of the flip cover plate.

[0010] The inner wall of the heating furnace shell is provided with transverse connecting flow channels on both sides of the bottom replacement hot flow channel, and the connecting openings on both sides of the transverse connecting flow channels are provided with flip adjustment grooves, and the inside of the flip adjustment grooves is elastically equipped with lateral closing cover plates.

[0011] The turnover adjustment grooves on both sides of the bottom replacement hot runner are arranged in a staggered height, and the inner wall of the bottom replacement hot runner located at the upper end of the turnover adjustment groove has a built-in closed ring.

[0012] The inner walls on both sides of the heating furnace shell are symmetrically provided with transverse electrically controlled translation screws, the transverse electrically controlled translation screws are threadedly sleeved with lateral translation seats, and the upper end of the lateral translation seats is movably equipped with electrically controlled flip arms.

[0013] Lateral locking frames are elastically mounted on both sides of the tooling overall frame, and lateral limiting slots cooperating with the lateral locking frames are provided on the side walls of the slide rails.

[0014] The electrically controlled flip arm comprises a flip lifting arm movably mounted on a lateral translation seat and an adjusting support rod for controlling the flip lifting arm.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The heating furnace for preheating and heat preservation of the axial surface spray welding of large shafts of the present invention adopts a preheating and heat preservation device, which can meet the needs of large-scale and efficient production, greatly reduce the preparation cost, and improve the preparation efficiency; (2) The present invention can meet the preheating and heat preservation requirements of the spray-welded high-hardness and high-wear-resistant layer, and can improve the quality stability of the wear-resistant layer; (3) The present invention allows parts to be processed without being taken out of the heating furnace. The parts can be processed by opening the furnace door at the corresponding position. The stable manufacturing temperature of the parts is ensured by synchronizing processing and heating. (4) The present invention has internal tooling to ensure the rotation and movement of parts of different sizes; (5) By adopting a built-in thermal circulation mechanism, the heat at the top can be quickly refluxed downward for heat conduction, greatly improving the thermal circulation efficiency and the utilization rate of thermal energy; (6) When the furnace door is opened, the connecting port can be automatically switched and connected with the adjacent bottom replacement hot runner, thereby ensuring the connection effect and reducing energy waste; (7) By adopting the top-mounted guide mechanism, heat can be transferred quickly and accurately, improving the uniformity of heat recovery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the carrying trolley in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bottom replacement hot runner and the connecting end of the horizontal connecting runner in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electric-controlled flip arm in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the top-mounted connecting and guiding device in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 A heating furnace for preheating and heat preservation of axial surface spray welding of large shafts is shown, comprising a heating furnace shell 2 with a heating furnace controller 1 installed on the outside and a carrying trolley 3 for loading tooling, the upper end opening of the heating furnace shell 2 is movably equipped with an electrically controlled flip-type furnace door shell 4, external heating resistance wires 5 are fixedly installed on the inner walls of both sides of the heating furnace shell 2, a slide rail 6 matching with the carrying trolley 3 is installed on the inner bottom surface of the heating furnace shell 2, a plurality of U-shaped bottom displacement hot runners 7 are opened on the inner wall of the heating furnace shell 2, and a top connecting guide device 8 matching with the bottom displacement hot runner 7 is fixedly installed inside the electrically controlled flip-type furnace door shell 4.

[0026] How it works: First, open all the electrically controlled flip furnace door shells 4, and place the tooling on the furnace bottom slide rail according to the diameter and length of the shaft parts; secondly, place the shaft parts on the tooling, and close the electrically controlled flip furnace door shell 4; secondly, turn on the heating resistor 5; secondly, after the parts as a whole reach the set temperature, open the electrically controlled flip furnace door shell 4 of the part that needs to be sprayed, carry out the spraying operation, and close the top-mounted connecting guide device 8 at this position; secondly, after the spraying operation at a certain place is completed, close the electrically controlled flip furnace door shell 4 here, open the electrically controlled flip furnace door shell 4 at the next place, and carry out the operation; secondly, after all the operations are completed, close all the electrically controlled flip furnace door shells 4 and turn off the heating device; finally, keep the parts warm in the furnace.

[0027] In order to facilitate the placement of large shaft workpieces, the transport trolley 3 includes a tooling overall frame 31 , slide wheels 32 , rollers 33 and a tooling height frame 34 .

[0028] In order to support and adjust the workpiece, the slide wheel 32 is movably assembled at the lower end of the tooling overall frame 31 through the outer frame. Both sides of the upper surface of the tooling overall frame 31 have upwardly protruding lateral assembly seats 35. The two ends of the tooling height frame 34 are fixedly assembled with the tooling overall frame 31 by being clamped on the lateral assembly seats 35, and the roller 33 is connected to the inner side of the tooling height frame 34 through an axis.

[0029] The tool height frame 34 can be replaced to adapt to different radius requirements of shafts by switching the position on the lateral assembly seat 35 to ensure that the axis is horizontal.

[0030] In order to cooperate with the electric control flip adjustment, the electric control flip furnace door shell 4 includes a flip cover plate 41 movably installed at the upper opening position of the heating furnace shell 2 through the furnace door hinge and a top adjustment support rod 42 for controlling the flip cover plate 41.

[0031] The top adjustment support rod 42 controls the flip cover plate 41 to flip and adjust the opening position at the upper end of the heating furnace shell 2 by extending and retracting.

[0032] In order to cooperate with the top diversion drive, a diversion chamber is provided inside the flip cover 41, and the top connecting diversion device 8 includes a top drive motor 81 installed inside the diversion chamber, a guide blade 82 axially fixed at the bottom output end of the top drive motor 81, a first diversion control tube 83 fixed on one side of the bottom of the flip cover 41, and a second diversion control tube 84 fixed on the other side of the bottom of the flip cover 41.

[0033] The overhead driving motor 81 drives the guide blade 82 to rotate at a high speed, and then introduces the heat exchange air from the first guide control pipe 83, and then discharges it through the second guide control pipe 84. It can also be replaced with heat exchange liquid as needed. It only needs to install elastic check valves inside the first guide control pipe 83 and the second guide control pipe 84. It automatically closes after the flip cover 41 is opened, and automatically opens after the flip cover 41 is closed.

[0034] In order to keep the bottom replacement hot runner 7 connected when the electrically controlled flip-type furnace door shell 4 is opened, the inner wall of the heating furnace shell 2 is provided with transverse connecting flow channels 9 on both sides of the bottom replacement hot runner 7, and the connecting openings on both sides of the transverse connecting flow channels 9 are provided with flip adjustment grooves, and the inside of the flip adjustment grooves is elastically equipped with lateral closing cover plates 10.

[0035] In order to improve the sealing performance during separation and facilitate coordination control, the turnover adjustment grooves on both sides of the bottom replacement hot runner 7 are arranged with staggered heights, and the inner wall of the bottom replacement hot runner 7 at the upper end of the turnover adjustment groove has a built-in closed ring 11.

[0036] When the flip cover 41 flips outward, the first flow control tube 83 and the second flow control tube 84 are pulled out from the bottom replacement hot runner 7. At this time, the lateral closing cover 10 is squeezed by the internal spring sheet, flipped upward, and pressed against the inner wall of the built-in closed ring 11, thereby closing the opening of the bottom replacement hot runner 7 at this position, and then the bottom replacement hot runner 7 at this position is connected with the adjacent bottom replacement hot runner 7 through the horizontal connecting channel 9; and when the flip cover 41 flips inward to close the upper end opening, the first flow control tube 83 and the second flow control tube 84 are inserted into the bottom replacement hot runner 7, squeezing the lateral closing cover 10, thereby closing the horizontal connecting channel 9, and the bottom replacement hot runner 7 will be connected with the top connecting flow guide device 8 to connect the adjacent bottom replacement hot runners 7 in series.

[0037] In order to cooperate with the electric control translation, the inner walls of both sides of the heating furnace shell 2 are symmetrically provided with transverse electric control translation screws 12, and the transverse electric control translation screws 12 are threadedly sleeved with lateral translation seats 13, and the upper end of the lateral translation seats 13 is movably equipped with electric control flip arms.

[0038] In order to cooperate with the lateral locking and positioning, lateral locking frames 36 are elastically installed on both sides of the tooling overall frame 31, and lateral limiting slots 14 cooperating with the lateral locking frames 36 are opened on the side walls of the slide rails 6.

[0039] The lateral locking frame 36 is inserted into the lateral limiting slot 14 by sliding downward to engage with the slide rail 6 , thereby ensuring the stability of the transport trolley 3 .

[0040] In order to coordinate the control of the lateral locking frame 36 and thus facilitate the control of the transport trolley 3 , the electrically controlled flip arm includes a flip lifting arm 15 movably mounted on the lateral translation seat 13 and an adjustment support rod 16 for controlling the flip lifting arm 15 .

[0041] The adjustment support rod 16 is installed on the upper end of the lateral translation seat 13, and controls the flip lifting arm 15 to perform flip adjustment by telescoping. By flipping the flip lifting arm 15 upward, the lateral locking frame 36 is controlled to lift upward, so that the bottom of the lateral locking frame 36 is separated from the lateral limit slot 14, so that the lateral translation seat 13 can drive the transport trolley 3 to translate and adjust along the slide rail 6.

[0042] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A heating furnace for preheating and heat preservation of axial surface spray welding of large shafts, comprising a heating furnace housing (2) with a heating furnace controller (1) installed on the outside and a transport trolley (3) for loading tooling, characterized in that: The upper opening of the heating furnace shell (2) is movably equipped with an electrically controlled reversible furnace door shell (4), and external heating resistors (5) are fixedly installed on the inner walls of both sides of the heating furnace shell (2). A slide rail (6) that matches the carrying trolley (3) is installed on the inner bottom surface of the heating furnace shell (2). A plurality of bottom displacement hot runners (7) with U-shaped structures are opened on the inner wall of the heating furnace shell (2), and a top-mounted connecting guide device (8) that matches the bottom displacement hot runner (7) is fixedly installed inside the electrically controlled reversible furnace door shell (4).

2. A heating furnace for preheating and heat preservation of axial surface spray welding of large shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transport trolley (3) comprises an overall tooling frame (31), slide rail wheels (32), rollers (33) and a tooling height frame (34).

3. A heating furnace for preheating and heat preservation of axial surface spray welding of large shafts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slide rail wheel (32) is movably assembled on the lower end of the tooling overall frame (31) through an outer frame, and both sides of the upper surface of the tooling overall frame (31) are provided with lateral assembly seats (35) protruding upwards. The two ends of the tooling height frame (31) are fixedly assembled with the tooling overall frame (31) by being clamped on the lateral assembly seats (35), and the roller (33) is connected to the inner side of the tooling height frame (34) through a shaft.

4. A heating furnace for preheating and heat preservation of axial surface spray welding of large shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrically controlled flip-type furnace door housing (4) comprises a flip cover plate (41) movably mounted at an upper opening position of the heating furnace housing (2) via a furnace door hinge, and a top adjustment support rod (42) for controlling the flip cover plate (41).

5. A heating furnace for preheating and heat preservation of axial surface spray welding of large shafts according to claim 4, characterized in that: A flow guide chamber is provided inside the flip cover plate (41), and the top-mounted communicating flow guide device (8) comprises a top-mounted driving motor (81) installed inside the flow guide chamber, a flow guide vane (82) axially fixed to the bottom output end of the top-mounted driving motor (81), a first flow guide control tube (83) fixed to one side of the bottom of the flip cover plate (41), and a second flow guide control tube (84) fixed to the other side of the bottom of the flip cover plate (41).

6. A heating furnace for preheating and heat preservation of axial surface spray welding of large shafts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the heating furnace shell (2) is provided with transverse connecting flow channels (9) on both sides of the bottom replacement hot flow channel (7), and the connecting openings on both sides of the transverse connecting flow channel (9) are provided with flip adjustment grooves, and the inside of the flip adjustment groove is elastically equipped with a lateral closing cover plate (10).

7. A heating furnace for preheating and heat preservation of axial surface spray welding of large shafts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The turnover adjustment grooves on both sides of the bottom replacement hot runner (7) are arranged in a staggered height, and the inner wall of the bottom replacement hot runner (7) located at the upper end of the turnover adjustment groove has a built-in closed ring (11).

8. The heating furnace for preheating and heat preservation of axial surface spray welding of large shafts according to claim 1 is characterized by: On the inner walls of both sides of the heating furnace shell (2), there are symmetrically arranged transverse electrically controlled translation screws (12), a lateral translation seat (13) is threadedly sleeved on the transverse electrically controlled translation screw (12), and an electrically controlled flip arm is movably mounted on the upper end of the lateral translation seat (13).

9. The heating furnace for preheating and heat preservation of axial surface spray welding of large shafts according to claim 3 is characterized by: Lateral locking frames (36) are elastically mounted on both sides of the tooling overall frame (31), and lateral limiting slots (14) cooperating with the lateral locking frames are provided on the side walls of the slide rails (6).

10. A heating furnace for preheating and heat preservation of axial surface spray welding of large shafts according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electrically controlled flip arm comprises a flip lifting arm (15) movably mounted on a lateral translation seat (13) and an adjustment support rod (16) for controlling the flip lifting arm (15).

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