Pipeline leakage experiment device and detection experiment method

Abstract

The invention discloses a pipeline leakage experiment device, which comprises an experiment pipeline, a liquid supply mechanism, a gas supply mechanism and a collection mechanism, and is characterized in that the experiment pipeline is provided with a plurality of leakage detection points, and any two leakage detection points are connected in series or in parallel; the output end of the liquid supply mechanism is communicated with the inlet end of the experimental pipeline and is used for providing a liquid medium for an experiment for the experimental pipeline; the output end of the gas supply mechanism is communicated with the inlet end of the experimental pipeline and is used for providing a gaseous medium for an experiment for the experimental pipeline; the acquisition mechanism comprises an analysis module and a plurality of sensors, the sensors are arranged on the experiment pipeline, and each sensor is connected with the analysis module. The problem that an existing detection device for natural gas pipeline leakage cannot accurately simulate and analyze the pipeline leakage condition can be solved. A pipeline leakage detection experiment method can solve the problem that an existing natural gas pipeline leakage detection method cannot obtain pipeline leakage characteristics under different working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline defect monitoring simulation, and in particular to a pipeline leakage experimental device and a detection experimental method. Background Art

[0002] As one of the main media for national energy transmission, natural gas pipelines are considered important national infrastructure. The methane content in pipelines is generally high, and even a slight leak can be dangerous, leading to serious consequences such as fainting, explosion, and loss of life and property. In addition, due to the large diameter and high pressure of the pipeline, leakage will have a serious impact on the environment, economy and personnel safety.

[0003] In order to reduce the losses caused by natural gas leakage, the leakage must be discovered quickly and the location of the leakage point must be accurately determined to minimize the economic and environmental losses caused by the leakage. Therefore, effective leakage monitoring technology is crucial.

[0004] According to different application scenarios, existing leakage monitoring technologies mainly include infrasonic method, distributed optical fiber method, dynamic pressure wave composite method, negative pressure wave and output balance method, etc. However, with the expansion of the application of leakage monitoring systems, the following two problems have emerged: (1) In different application scenarios, the adaptability of leakage monitoring technology cannot be determined in a timely manner; (2) The accuracy of the leakage monitoring system is affected by many factors.

[0005] Due to the above two problems, the existing detection devices for natural gas pipeline leakage are unable to accurately simulate and analyze pipeline leakage situations, have great limitations and risks, and cannot achieve technical control before commissioning. Summary of the invention

[0006] The first purpose of the present invention is to provide a pipeline leakage test device to solve the problem that the existing detection device for natural gas pipeline leakage cannot accurately simulate and analyze the pipeline leakage situation.

[0007] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a pipeline leakage detection experimental method to solve the problem that the existing natural gas pipeline leakage detection method cannot obtain pipeline leakage characteristics under different working conditions.

[0008] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A pipeline leakage experiment device comprises: an experimental pipeline, wherein the experimental pipeline is provided with a plurality of leakage detection points, and any two of the leakage detection points are connected in series or in parallel; a liquid supply mechanism, wherein the output end of the liquid supply mechanism is connected to the inlet end of the experimental pipeline, and is used to provide the experimental pipeline with a liquid medium for the experiment; an air supply mechanism, wherein the output end of the air supply mechanism is connected to the inlet end of the experimental pipeline, and is used to provide the experimental pipeline with a gaseous medium for the experiment; and a collection mechanism, wherein the collection mechanism comprises an analysis module and a plurality of sensors, wherein the sensors are arranged in the experimental pipeline, and each of the sensors is connected to the analysis module.

[0010] Optionally, the leakage detection points include several micro-leakage points and several leakage points; the experimental pipeline is provided with several pressure gauges, and the experimental pipeline is provided with a leakage point at the pressure gauge; the experimental pipeline is connected to several vent pipes, the vent pipes are provided with vent valves, and the vent pipes are provided with a leakage point at the vent valve; the experimental pipeline is connected to several detection tubes in parallel, the detection tubes are provided with detection valves, and the detection tubes are provided with a micro-leakage point.

[0011] Optionally, the number of the detection tubes is 3, and the 3 detection tubes are connected in parallel at the same point of the experimental pipeline to form a micro-leakage detection module; the 3 micro-leakage points of the micro-leakage detection module respectively simulate pipeline connection leakage, pipeline perforation leakage and pipeline crack leakage.

[0012] Optionally, there are two pressure gauges, which are respectively located at the inlet and outlet of the micro-leakage detection module.

[0013] Optionally, the number of the vent pipes is 2, and the two vent pipes are both arranged at the outlet end of the micro-leakage detection module, and the pressure gauge located at the outlet end of the micro-leakage detection module is located between the two vent pipes.

[0014] Optionally, the collection mechanism includes a front collection component and a rear collection component, the front collection component is arranged at the inlet end of the experimental pipeline, and the rear collection component is arranged at the outlet end of the experimental pipeline.

[0015] Optionally, the front sampling component and the rear sampling component both include a plurality of the sensors, and the plurality of sensors are respectively a sonic sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a differential pressure sensor.

[0016] Optionally, the liquid supply mechanism includes a water tank and a first filter, the water tank is connected to the inlet pump of the experimental pipeline through the first filter, and the water tank is connected to the outlet of the experimental pipeline through a reflux pipe; the air supply mechanism includes an air compressor and a second filter, the air compressor is connected to the inlet of the experimental pipeline through the second filter; the outlet of the experimental pipeline is connected to a drain pipe, and the drain pipe is provided with a drain valve.

[0017] A pipeline leakage detection experimental method is carried out using any of the above pipeline leakage experimental devices, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Close all the leakage detection points and open the liquid supply mechanism or the gas supply mechanism;

[0019] A number of the leakage detection points are selected according to the experimental requirements, each of the required leakage detection points is opened in turn, and the corresponding data is acquired and analyzed through the acquisition mechanism until all the required leakage detection points are opened.

[0020] Optionally, the analysis directions include sensitivity, positioning accuracy, accuracy, false alarm rate, response time, continuity and adaptability.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention provides a pipeline leakage test device, which simulates different leakage positions, different leakage environments and different leakage conditions individually or in combination by setting up an experimental pipeline and arranging multiple leakage detection points thereon; on this basis, by setting up a liquid supply mechanism and a gas supply mechanism, different use conditions are simulated respectively; on this basis, by setting up a collection mechanism, specific data is collected through a specific sensor, and the collected data is analyzed through an analysis module, and the analysis result is effectively matched with the simulation result, thereby effectively solving the problem that the existing detection device for natural gas pipeline leakage cannot accurately simulate and analyze the pipeline leakage situation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a pipeline leakage test device provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a pipeline leakage test device provided in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3A schematic diagram of a pipeline leakage test device provided in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a pipeline leakage test device provided in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pipeline leakage experimental device provided in Example 5 of the present invention.

[0029] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0030] 1-liquid supply mechanism; 2-gas supply mechanism; 10-experimental pipeline; 11-vent pipe; 111-vent valve; 12-detection tube; 121-detection valve; 13-reflux pipe; 14-drain pipe; 141-drain valve; 20-analysis module; 21-sensor; 211-sound wave sensor; 212-temperature sensor; 213-pressure sensor; 214-differential pressure sensor; 30-pressure gauge; 40-micro leak point; 41-leak point; 50-air compressor; 51-second filter; 60-water tank; 61-first filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a pipeline leakage experiment device, comprising: an experimental pipeline 10, wherein the experimental pipeline 10 is provided with a plurality of leakage detection points (①②③④⑤⑥⑦ in the figure), and any two of the leakage detection points are connected in series or in parallel (the series connection is adopted in this embodiment, and adaptive adjustment can be made according to needs in other embodiments); the second comprises a liquid supply mechanism 1, wherein the output end of the liquid supply mechanism 1 is connected to the inlet end of the experimental pipeline 10, and is used to provide the experimental pipeline 10 with a liquid medium for the experiment; the third comprises an air supply mechanism 2, wherein the output end of the air supply mechanism 2 is connected to the inlet end of the experimental pipeline 10, and is used to provide the experimental pipeline 10 with a gaseous medium for the experiment; the fourth comprises a collection mechanism, wherein the collection mechanism comprises an analysis module 20 and a plurality of sensors 21, wherein the sensors 21 are arranged in the experimental pipeline 10, and each of the sensors 21 is connected to the analysis module 20.

[0034] The present invention provides a pipeline leakage test device, which sets an experimental pipeline 10 and sets a plurality of leakage detection points thereon, so as to simulate different leakage positions, different leakage environments and different leakage conditions individually or in combination; on this basis, by setting a liquid supply mechanism 1 and a gas supply mechanism 2, different use conditions are simulated respectively; on this basis, by setting a collection mechanism, specific data is collected by a specific sensor 21, and the collected data is analyzed by an analysis module 20, and the analysis result is effectively matched with the simulation result, thereby effectively solving the problem that the existing detection device for natural gas pipeline leakage cannot accurately simulate and analyze the pipeline leakage situation.

[0035] It should be noted that the collection mechanism includes an alarm (not shown) which can sound an alarm when a leakage is detected.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] Please refer to Figure 2 The embodiment of the present invention provides a pipeline leakage test device, which is a further improvement of embodiment 1. The improvement is as follows:

[0038] In order to effectively simulate different leakage types, the leakage detection points include several micro leakage points 40 (①②③ in the figure) and several leakage points 41 (⑤⑥⑦ in the figure); the experimental pipeline 10 is provided with several pressure gauges 30, and the experimental pipeline 10 is provided with a leakage point 41 at the pressure gauge 30; the experimental pipeline 10 is connected with several vent pipes 11, and the vent pipe 11 is provided with a vent valve 111, and the vent pipe 11 is provided with a leakage point 41 at the vent valve 111; the experimental pipeline 10 is connected with several detection tubes 12 in parallel, and the detection tube 12 is provided with a detection valve 121, and the detection tube 12 is provided with a micro leakage point 40.

[0039] Preferably, the number of the detection tubes 12 is 3, and the three detection tubes 12 are connected in parallel at the same point of the experimental pipeline 10 to form a micro-leakage detection module; the three micro-leakage points 40 of the micro-leakage detection module respectively simulate pipeline connection leakage, pipeline perforation leakage and pipeline crack leakage.

[0040] Through the above settings, corresponding simulations are performed on pipeline micro-leakage and pipeline leakage respectively. In actual use, the parameters of each leakage detection point can be adaptively set according to the parameters required for simulation.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] Please refer to Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention provides a pipeline leakage test device, which is a further improvement of embodiment 2. The improvement is as follows:

[0043] In order to simulate the influence of each micro-leakage point 40 in the micro-leakage detection module on the pressure of the experimental pipeline 10, the number of the pressure gauges 30 is two, and the two pressure gauges 30 are respectively located at the inlet end and the outlet end of the micro-leakage detection module.

[0044] Preferably, the number of the vent pipes 11 is two, and the two vent pipes 11 are both arranged at the outlet end of the micro-leakage detection module, and the pressure gauge 30 located at the outlet end of the micro-leakage detection module is located between the two vent pipes 11 .

[0045] Example 4

[0046] Please refer to Figure 4 The embodiment of the present invention provides a pipeline leakage test device, which is a further improvement of embodiment 3. The improvement is as follows:

[0047] In order to effectively characterize the influence of each leakage detection point on the medium in the test pipeline 10, the collection mechanism includes a front collection component and a rear collection component. The front collection component is arranged at the inlet end of the test pipeline 10, and the rear collection component is arranged at the outlet end of the test pipeline 10.

[0048] The inlet and outlet ends of the test pipeline 10 are tested respectively by the pre-sampling component and the post-sampling component, and then the actual influence of each leakage detection point on the medium in the test pipeline 10 can be obtained by comparing the data of the sampling component and the post-sampling component.

[0049] Preferably, the front sampling component and the rear sampling component both include a plurality of the sensors 21 , and the plurality of sensors 21 are respectively a sound wave sensor 211 , a temperature sensor 212 , a pressure sensor 213 and a differential pressure sensor 214 .

[0050] Example 5

[0051] Please refer to Figure 5 The embodiment of the present invention provides a pipeline leakage test device, which is a further improvement of embodiment 4. The improvement is as follows:

[0052] In order to further explain the specific structures of the liquid supply mechanism 1 and the air supply mechanism 2, the liquid supply mechanism 1 includes a water tank 60 and a first filter 61, the water tank 60 is connected to the inlet end pump of the experimental pipeline 10 through the first filter 61, and the water tank 60 is connected to the outlet end of the experimental pipeline 10 through the reflux pipe 13; the air supply mechanism 2 includes an air compressor 50 and a second filter 51, the air compressor 50 is connected to the inlet end of the experimental pipeline 10 through the second filter 51; the outlet end of the experimental pipeline 10 is connected to a drain pipe 14, and the drain pipe 14 is provided with a drain valve 141.

[0053] By providing the reflux pipe 13, the liquid medium used in the test can be led back to the water tank 60 to fully utilize the liquid medium. By providing the sewage pipe 14, the sewage (liquid medium mixed with impurities in the air) or gas medium in the experiment process can be discharged.

[0054] Example 6

[0055] This embodiment provides a pipeline leakage detection experimental method, which is performed using the pipeline leakage experimental device described in Example 1, and includes the following steps:

[0056] S1, close all the leakage detection points, and open the liquid supply mechanism 1 or the gas supply mechanism 2;

[0057] S2. Select a number of leakage detection points according to the experimental requirements, open each required leakage detection point in turn, and obtain and analyze corresponding data through the acquisition mechanism until all required leakage detection points are opened.

[0058] Specifically, the analysis directions include sensitivity, positioning accuracy, accuracy, false alarm rate, response time, continuity and adaptability.

[0059] It should be noted that the above analysis direction specifically refers to:

[0060] 1) Sensitivity: refers to the sensitivity of the monitoring system to tiny leaks. The smaller the leakage detected by the collection mechanism, the higher its sensitivity.

[0061] 2) Positioning accuracy: refers to the error range between the leakage point detected by the collection agency and the actual leakage point. It is generally expressed as an absolute value, and can also be expressed as the ratio of the leakage range to the total length of the pipeline. The smaller the error value, the higher the positioning accuracy, and vice versa.

[0062] 3) Accuracy: refers to the probability that the collection agency can accurately detect a leak, usually expressed as the ratio of false alarms due to incorrect operation and failure to normal operating time. The lower the ratio, the higher the detection accuracy.

[0063] 4) False alarm rate / missed alarm rate: refers to the ratio of the experimental pipeline 10 not leaking but being mistakenly judged as leaking, or leaking but not actually being detected. Generally speaking, the lower the value, the better, and it may also be zero.

[0064] 5) Response time: refers to the time from when the experimental pipeline 10 begins to leak until the data collection mechanism detects the leak and generates an alarm. The shorter the response time, the better the real-time performance of the system.

[0065] 6) Continuity: refers to whether the collection mechanism can continuously monitor the experimental pipeline in real time 10.

[0066] 7) Adaptability: When the operating conditions of the experimental pipeline 10 change, such as process reversal, can the collection mechanism determine that it is a normal operating condition rather than a pipeline leak?

[0067] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pipeline leakage test device, characterized in that: include: An experimental pipeline (10), wherein the experimental pipeline (10) is provided with a plurality of leakage detection points, and any two of the leakage detection points are connected in series or in parallel; a liquid supply mechanism, the output end of the liquid supply mechanism being in communication with the inlet end of the experimental pipeline (10) and being used for providing the experimental pipeline (10) with a liquid medium for the experiment; an air supply mechanism, the output end of the air supply mechanism being in communication with the inlet end of the experimental pipeline (10) and being used for providing the experimental pipeline (10) with a gaseous medium for the experiment; A collection mechanism, the collection mechanism comprising an analysis module (20) and a plurality of sensors (21), the sensors (21) being arranged in the experimental pipeline (10), and each of the sensors (21) being connected to the analysis module (20).

2. The pipeline leakage test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leakage detection points include a plurality of micro-leakage points (40) and a plurality of leakage points (41); The experimental pipeline (10) is provided with a plurality of pressure gauges (30), and a leakage point (41) is provided at a location where the pressure gauges (30) are provided on the experimental pipeline (10); The experimental pipeline (10) is connected to a plurality of vent pipes (11), each vent pipe (11) is provided with a vent valve (111), and a leakage point (41) is provided at the vent pipe (11) where the vent valve (111) is provided; The experimental pipeline (10) is connected in parallel to a plurality of detection tubes (12), each detection tube (12) is provided with a detection valve (121), and each detection tube (12) is provided with a micro-leakage point (40).

3. The pipeline leakage test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the detection tubes (12) is 3, and the three detection tubes (12) are connected in parallel at the same point of the experimental pipeline (10) to form a micro-leakage detection module; The three micro-leakage points (40) of the micro-leakage detection module respectively simulate pipeline connection leakage, pipeline perforation leakage and pipeline crack leakage.

4. The pipeline leakage test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the pressure gauges (30) is two, and the two pressure gauges (30) are respectively located at the inlet end and the outlet end of the location where the micro-leakage detection module is set.

5. The pipeline leakage test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the vent pipes (11) is two, and the two vent pipes (11) are both arranged at the outlet end of the micro-leakage detection module. The pressure gauge (30) located at the outlet end of the micro-leakage detection module is located between the two vent pipes (11).

6. The pipeline leakage test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The collection mechanism comprises a front collection component and a rear collection component, the front collection component is arranged at the inlet end of the experimental pipeline (10), and the rear collection component is arranged at the outlet end of the experimental pipeline (10).

7. The pipeline leakage test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front sampling component and the rear sampling component both comprise a plurality of sensors (21), and the plurality of sensors (21) are respectively a sound wave sensor (211), a temperature sensor (212), a pressure sensor (213), and a differential pressure sensor (214).

8. The pipeline leakage test device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The liquid supply mechanism comprises a water pool (60) and a first filter (61), the water pool (60) is connected to the inlet end pump of the experimental pipeline (10) through the first filter (61), and the water pool (60) is connected to the outlet end of the experimental pipeline (10) through a reflux pipe (13); The air supply mechanism comprises an air compressor (50) and a second filter (51), and the air compressor (50) is connected to the inlet end of the experimental pipeline (10) through the second filter (51); The outlet end of the experimental pipeline (10) is connected to a sewage pipe (14), and the sewage pipe (14) is provided with a sewage valve (141).

9. A pipeline leakage detection experimental method, characterized in that: The pipeline leakage test device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used, comprising the following steps: Close all the leakage detection points and open the liquid supply mechanism or the gas supply mechanism; A number of the leakage detection points are selected according to the experimental requirements, each of the required leakage detection points is opened in turn, and the corresponding data is acquired and analyzed through the acquisition mechanism until all the required leakage detection points are opened.

10. The pipeline leakage detection experimental method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The analysis directions include sensitivity, positioning accuracy, accuracy, false alarm rate, response time, continuity and adaptability.

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