A portable surface dust separation and sampling device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a portable surface sand and dust material dust separation and sampling device, which mainly comprises a surface sand and dust sampling box, a sand and dust conveying pipe, a drawer-type sand collection box, a drawer-type dust collection box, an electric blower, and a square column-shaped four-layer structure. It has a clear principle and a simple structure. Powered by a rechargeable battery, it can simulate different near-surface wind speeds, separate windblown surface sand and dust particles, and separately measure the sand and dust content per unit area of ​​the surface. As a portable surface sand and dust material field survey and sampling device, the present invention is primarily used for scientific research and experimental observation of sandstorms. Its test data is used for early warning and forecasting of sandstorms and assessment of sandstorm disasters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for field investigation and sampling of surface sand and dust materials in areas prone to sandstorms, such as deserts, wastelands, desertified, degraded and salinized grasslands, and in particular to a portable surface sand and dust separation and sampling device. Background Art

[0002] Dust storms are storms caused by large amounts of surface fine particles and dust lifted by strong or high winds. As a hazardous weather event, sandstorms pose a serious threat to human health, economic development, and ecological security. Many factors influence the formation of sandstorms, but the most critical is strong winds. Strong winds are the driving force behind sandstorms, lifting dust from the ground into the air. Second, the presence of surface sand and dust is crucial. Surface sand and dust form the material basis for sandstorms. Without surface sand and dust, even strong winds will not form. The amount of surface sand and dust susceptible to strong winds determines the severity of a sandstorm. The composition of surface sand and dust significantly influences the characteristics of a sandstorm. Larger sand particles travel shorter distances under strong winds, while finer dust particles travel much farther under strong winds. Therefore, separating and sampling actual surface sand and dust during field surveys is crucial for sandstorm research and early warning and forecasting.

[0003] Currently, sandstorm monitoring is primarily conducted through satellite remote sensing and ground-based monitoring. Remote sensing primarily covers large areas, providing real-time observation and early warning forecasts of the occurrence and development of sandstorms. Ground-based monitoring primarily involves meteorological observation stations and environmental monitoring stations, providing real-time monitoring of sandstorm development. Ecological and environmental monitoring primarily involves instruments and equipment that monitor the concentration of particulate matter in the air in real time after a sandstorm. To date, no technical equipment has been reported for separating surface dust from dust source areas during field surveys and sampling.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a portable surface dust material dust separation and sampling device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The portable surface dust material dust separation and sampling device of the present invention comprises a surface dust sampling box 1, a dust conveying pipe 2, a drawer-type sand collection box 3, a drawer-type dust collection box 4, an electric fan 5 and a square columnar four-layer structure;

[0008] The lower end of the square columnar four-layer structure is fixed on the surface sand and dust sampling box 1, and the sand and dust conveying pipe 2, the drawer-type sand collecting box 3, the drawer-type dust collecting box 4, and the electric fan 5 are respectively placed on the first, second, third, and fourth layers of the square columnar four-layer structure from bottom to top;

[0009] The lower end of the dust conveying pipe 2 is connected to the opening at the top of the surface dust sampling box 1. After two 90-degree turns, the upper end is connected to the center hole of the top plate of the first layer of the square columnar four-layer structure.

[0010] Compared with the existing technology, the portable surface sand and dust material dust separation and sampling device provided by the present invention adopts a drawer-type sand collection box device based on the principle of gravity sedimentation; filter paper materials with strong adsorption properties are selected and made into foldable dust-absorbing paper boards, which are placed in the drawer-type dust collection box device to achieve the separation of sand and dust. The separated sand and dust are extracted from the drawer-type sand collection box and the dust collection box respectively, thus completing the sampling of one sampling point. The present invention has a clear principle, a simple structure, and is easy to operate. It is suitable for field surveys and sampling of sand and dust materials, and provides a technical equipment for scientific research and early warning and forecasting of sandstorms. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a portable surface dust material separation and sampling device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 A schematic front elevation view of a portable surface dust separation and sampling device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 3 A schematic top plan view of a portable surface dust separation and sampling device for dust material provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 4a 、 Figure 4b 、 Figure 4c Schematic diagrams of the drawer-type dust box plane, AA section, and folded dust collecting paper of the portable surface dust material separation and sampling device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 5a 、 Figure 5b Schematic diagrams of the plan view and BB section of a drawer-type sand collecting box of a portable surface dust material separation and sampling device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Symbols in the figure:

[0017] 1-Surface sand and dust sampling box; 2-Dust conveying pipe; 3-Drawer-type sand collection box; 4-Drawer-type dust collection box; 5-Electric fan; 6-Surface sand and dust sampling box air inlet; 7-Dust conveying pipe inlet grille filter; 8-Sampling device body stiffener; 9-Front of the drawer-type sand collection box; 10-Touch-type drawer lock for the sand collection box drawer; 11-Front of the drawer-type dust collection box; 12-Electric fan fixing bracket; 13-Battery slot; 14-Handle and operating button; 15-Fan switch and gear button; 16-Top ventilation hole;

[0018] 17 - support grid structure at the bottom of the drawer-type dust collection box; 18 - grid-type pressure plate at the top of the drawer-type dust collection box; 19 - folded dust-absorbing paper in the drawer-type dust collection box; 20 - grid-type pressure plate plane at the top of the drawer-type dust collection box;

[0019] 21- vertical pipe (sand delivery pipe at the bottom of the drawer-type sand collecting box); 22- side wall of the sampling device; 23- rear baffle of the drawer-type sand collecting box; 24- panel of the drawer-type sand collecting box and touch-type drawer lock. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them, and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] First, the following terms may be used in this article:

[0022] The term “and / or” means that either or both of them can be realized at the same time. For example, X and / or Y includes both “X” or “Y” and “X and Y”.

[0023] The terms "include," "comprises," "contains," "has," or other similar expressions should be interpreted as non-exclusive. For example, "including certain technical features (such as raw materials, components, ingredients, carriers, dosage forms, materials, dimensions, parts, components, mechanisms, devices, steps, procedures, methods, reaction conditions, processing conditions, parameters, algorithms, signals, data, products, or manufactured articles, etc.) should be interpreted as including not only the technical features explicitly listed, but also other technical features known in the art that are not explicitly listed.

[0024] The term "consisting of" excludes any technical features not explicitly listed. If used in a claim, this term renders the claim closed, excluding any technical features other than those explicitly listed, except for conventional impurities associated with them. If this term appears only in a clause of a claim, it limits only the elements explicitly listed in that clause; elements listed in other clauses are not excluded from the claim as a whole.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this document based on specific circumstances.

[0026] The terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience and simplification of description, and do not explicitly or implicitly indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to this document.

[0027] The contents not described in detail in the examples of the present invention belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art. If specific conditions are not specified in the examples of the present invention, the methods are carried out according to conventional conditions in the art or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturers of the reagents or instruments used in the examples of the present invention are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0028] The portable surface dust material dust separation and sampling device of the present invention comprises a surface dust sampling box 1, a dust conveying pipe 2, a drawer-type sand collection box 3, a drawer-type dust collection box 4, an electric fan 5 and a square columnar four-layer structure;

[0029] The lower end of the square columnar four-layer structure is fixed on the surface sand and dust sampling box 1, and the sand and dust conveying pipe 2, the drawer-type sand collecting box 3, the drawer-type dust collecting box 4, and the electric fan 5 are respectively placed on the first, second, third, and fourth layers of the square columnar four-layer structure from bottom to top;

[0030] The lower end of the dust conveying pipe 2 is connected to the opening at the top of the surface dust sampling box 1. After two 90-degree turns, the upper end is connected to the center hole of the top plate of the first layer of the square columnar four-layer structure.

[0031] The surface dust sampling box 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped with an open bottom structure, and the four edges of the bottom are cut with cutting edges, which are inserted into the soil during sampling.

[0032] The end face of one side of the long side of the box body is an air inlet 6 with a porous structure, and the top of the other side is connected to the dust conveying pipe 2, and a grid filter 7 is provided at the connection between the dust conveying pipe 2 and the box body.

[0033] The drawer-type sand collection box 3 can be completely removed from the drawer slot on the second layer of the square column four-layer structure;

[0034] The drawer-type sand collecting box 3 is open at the top, and a hole with the same diameter as the sand and dust conveying pipe 2 is opened in the center of the bottom plate of the drawer-type sand collecting box 3. A vertical pipe 21 perpendicular to the bottom plate and with the same diameter as the sand and dust conveying pipe 2 is fixed at the hole, and the center line of the vertical pipe 21 coincides with the center line of the center hole of the top plate of the first layer of the square column four-layer structure.

[0035] The drawer-type dust box 4 can be completely removed from the drawer slot of the third layer of the square column four-layer structure;

[0036] The second and third layers of the square columnar four-layer structure are connected, and the bottom of the third layer is provided with a support for the drawer-type dust box 4;

[0037] The bottom plate of the drawer-type dust box 4 is a grid structure 17, which supports the folded dust collecting paper 19 built into the drawer-type dust box 4;

[0038] A removable grid-type pressing plate 18 is provided on the top of the drawer-type dust collection box 4 for fixing and removing the folded dust collecting paper 19 built into the drawer-type dust collection box 4;

[0039] The foldable dust-absorbing paper 9 is a consumable material, and a new piece of foldable dust-absorbing paper 9 needs to be placed in the drawer-type dust collection box 4 at each sampling point.

[0040] The electric blower 5 is a three-speed variable speed dust suction DC battery powered electric blower, and the electric blower 5 is fixed on the blower fixing bracket 12 built into the fourth layer of the square column four-layer structure;

[0041] The four corner spaces in the fourth layer of the square columnar four-layer structure and the electric blower 5 are set as four battery slots 13, two of which are used to place working power batteries and the other two are used to place backup batteries.

[0042] The top of the square columnar four-layer structure is provided with an integrated handle and control panel;

[0043] The handle is provided with electric fan control buttons, including: a wind speed gear adjustment button, a sampling working time selection button and a switch button of the electric fan 5;

[0044] Ventilation holes (16) are provided at the top of the square columnar four-layer structure and at positions corresponding to the electric blower (5).

[0045] The surface dust sampling box 1 is made of transparent hard material;

[0046] The square column four-layer structure is made of light structural materials;

[0047] The foldable dust-absorbing paper 19 is made of a highly absorbent paper material, and each piece of the foldable dust-absorbing paper has the same width and specifications and is of consistent quality.

[0048] In summary, the portable surface sand and dust material dust separation and sampling device of the embodiment of the present invention facilitates field investigation and sampling of sand and dust materials, the material basis for the formation of sandstorms, and solves the problem of sand and dust separation and sampling of surface sand and dust materials in areas prone to sandstorms. It provides an experimental observation equipment for field investigations of sandstorms and provides technical support for scientific research and early warning and forecasting of sandstorms and ecological construction in sand and dust source areas.

[0049] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0050] Place the surface dust sampling device at the sampling site, insert the four edges of the surface dust sampling box into the soil at the sampling point to a certain depth, and keep the dust sampling device upright. Turn on the switch button on the top handle of the dust sampling device, and the fan starts working. At this time, air enters from the air inlet at the end of the dust sampling box. Under the action of the fan suction, the surface dust in the sampling box is blown into the dust conveying pipe. The dust passing through the dust conveying pipe enters the drawer-type sand collecting box. At this time, due to the sudden expansion of the cross-section of the drawer-type sand collecting box, the wind speed of the dust entering the drawer-type sand collecting box suddenly decreases. According to the principle of gravity sedimentation, the heavier sand particles are retained in the sand collecting box, and the lighter dust particles are adsorbed by the folded dust collecting paper through the grille at the bottom of the dust collecting box, thereby realizing sand and dust separation.

[0051] The portable surface sand and dust material dust separation sampling device provided by the embodiment of the present invention adopts a drawer-type sand collecting box device based on the principle of gravity sedimentation; filter paper materials with strong adsorption properties are selected and made into foldable dust-absorbing paper boards, which are placed in the drawer-type dust collecting box device, thereby achieving the separation of sand and dust. The separated sand and dust are extracted from the drawer-type sand collecting box and the dust collecting box respectively, thus completing the sampling of one sampling point. The present invention has a clear principle, a simple structure, and is easy to operate. It is suitable for field surveys and sampling of sand and dust materials, and provides a technical equipment for scientific research and early warning and forecasting of sandstorms.

[0052] In order to more clearly demonstrate the technical solutions and technical effects provided by the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] like Figures 1 to 5b As shown:

[0055] The portable surface dust separation and sampling device of the present invention comprises a surface dust sampling box 1, a dust conveying pipe 2, a drawer-type sand collecting box 3, a drawer-type dust collecting box 4, an electric fan 5 and a square columnar four-layer structure.

[0056] The surface dust sampling box 1 is a rectangular box-shaped structure made of a transparent material of a certain thickness. The bottom of the surface dust sampling box is open, and the four edges have cutting edges, which can be inserted into the surface soil to a certain depth when sampling. One side of the long side of the surface dust sampling box is the air inlet end, and a plurality of flat air inlets 6 are opened. A dust conveying pipe 2 is set at the top of the side of the surface dust sampling box corresponding to the air inlet 6. A filter for floating objects such as dead branches and leaves is set at the connection between the dust conveying pipe 2 and the dust sampling box 1.

[0057] The dust conveying pipe 2 is a thin-walled metal circular tube of a predetermined diameter. One end of the pipe connects to the dust sampling box 1, while the other end, after two 90-degree turns, is secured to the center of the top of the four-layer square-pillar base. The four-layer square-pillar base is securely connected to the top of the surface dust sampling box. To this end, two stiffening plates 8 are installed on the side walls of the four-layer square-pillar structure and on the top of the surface dust sampling box to enhance structural stability.

[0058] The drawer-type sand collecting box 3 is arranged on the upper part of the base of the square cylindrical four-layer structure. The drawer-type sand collecting box 3 can be completely removed from the drawer slot of the second layer of the square cylindrical four-layer structure to remove the sand sample. The drawer-type sand collecting box 3 is open at the top. A pipe section 21 with the same diameter as the sand and dust conveying pipe 2 is arranged perpendicular to the center of the bottom plate of the drawer-type sand collecting box 3. The pipe section is fixed to the bottom plate of the drawer-type sand collecting box 3. The bottom of the pipe section 21 is opposite to the pipe opening at the top of the base of the square cylindrical four-layer structure. The drawer panel 9 of the drawer-type sand collecting box 3 is placed on the side of the second layer of the square cylindrical four-layer structure. The drawer panel 9 is provided with a touch-type drawer lock 10 to ensure that the sand collection box drawer is locked when the surface sand and dust material sand separation sampling device is in operation.

[0059] The drawer-type dust box 4 is arranged on the third layer of the square columnar four-layer structure. The second layer and the third layer of the square columnar four-layer structure are connected, and the bottom of the third layer is provided with a drawer support for the dust box 4. The bottom plate of the drawer-type dust box 4 is a grille 17 structure, which supports the folded dust-absorbing paper 19 built into the drawer-type dust box 4. The folded dust-absorbing paper 19 built into the dust box 4 is fixed with a grille-type pressure plate 18 to prevent the folded dust-absorbing paper 19 from moving or deforming during the vacuuming process. The drawer panel 9 of the drawer-type dust box 4 is placed on the side of the third layer of the square columnar four-layer structure. The drawer panel is provided with a touch-type drawer lock to ensure that the dust box drawer is in a locked state when the surface sand and dust material separation and sampling device is in operation.

[0060] The foldable dust-absorbing paper 19 is made of a highly adsorbent paper material, and each piece of foldable dust-absorbing paper is required to have the same width and specifications and consistent quality. The folding structure is to increase the adsorption surface area of ​​dust particles. The foldable dust-absorbing paper 19 is a consumable material of the portable surface dust material dust separation sampling device of the present invention, and one piece is placed at each sampling point. When the fan is turned on for sampling and stops working, open the drawer-type dust box 4, unfasten the pressure plate grille 18 of the foldable dust-absorbing paper 19 in the dust box 4, take out the foldable dust-absorbing paper 19, put it in a plastic bag and take it back to the laboratory. Go to the next sampling point and take another new piece of foldable dust-absorbing paper, place it on the support grille 17 in the dust box 4, and press down and fasten the pressure plate grille 18 of the dust box 4.

[0061] The electric blower 5 is installed on the fourth floor (i.e., the top floor) of the four-story square column structure. A universal three-speed DC electric blower for vacuuming is used. Fan mounting brackets 12 are installed on the four walls of the fourth floor of the square column structure to secure the electric blower 5. Four battery slots 13 are located in the four corners of the fourth floor of the square column structure, two of which hold working power batteries and the other two hold backup batteries.

[0062] The top of the four-layered square column structure serves as a handle 14 for the portable surface dust separation and sampling device of the present invention. Electric fan control buttons 15 are located on the handle, including a wind speed adjustment button for setting the wind speed within the dust sampling box 1, a button for selecting the duration of the electric fan's single sampling operation, and an electric fan on / off button. The relationship between the wind speed setting within the dust sampling box 1 and the electric fan speed range is calibrated using a wind speed sensor installed within the dust sampling box 1 before use.

[0063] Ventilation holes 16 are provided at the top of the square columnar four-layer structure and at positions corresponding to the electric blower.

[0064] The portable surface dust separation and sampling device utilizes a three-speed variable-speed blower to generate varying near-surface wind speeds within the surface dust sampling chamber, providing a choice of near-surface wind speed settings for surface dust sampling. The device utilizes a drawer-type sand and dust collection box to separate surface dust. The sand collection box collects larger, heavier sand particles, while the dust collection box collects smaller dust particles using foldable dust collection paper. The sand and dust collection paper are removed from the sand and dust collection boxes, respectively, and taken back to the laboratory for weighing to determine the sand and dust components of the surface dust sample.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims. The information disclosed in the background technology section of this article is only intended to deepen the understanding of the overall background technology of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of implication that the information constitutes prior art already known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A portable surface dust separation and sampling device, characterized in that: It comprises a surface dust sampling box (1), a dust conveying pipe (2), a drawer-type sand collecting box (3), a drawer-type dust collecting box (4), an electric fan (5) and a square columnar four-layer structure; The lower end of the square columnar four-layer structure is fixed on the surface sand and dust sampling box (1), and the sand and dust conveying pipe (2), the drawer-type sand collecting box (3), the drawer-type dust collecting box (4), and the electric fan (5) are respectively placed on the first, second, third, and fourth layers of the square columnar four-layer structure from bottom to top; The lower end of the dust conveying pipe (2) is connected to the opening at the top of the surface dust sampling box (1), and after two 90-degree turns, the upper end is connected to the center hole of the top plate of the first layer of the square columnar four-layer structure; The surface dust sampling box (1) has a rectangular bottom open structure, with four edges of the bottom having cutting edges, and the cutting edges are inserted into the soil during sampling; The end surface of one long side of the box body is an air inlet (6) with a porous structure, and the top of the other side is connected to the dust conveying pipe (2), and a grid filter (7) is provided at the connection between the dust conveying pipe (2) and the box body; The drawer-type sand collection box (3) can be completely removed from the drawer slot on the second layer of the square columnar four-layer structure; The drawer-type sand collecting box (3) is open at the top, and a hole with the same diameter as the sand and dust conveying pipe (2) is opened at the center of the bottom plate of the drawer-type sand collecting box (3). A vertical pipe (21) perpendicular to the bottom plate and with the same diameter as the sand and dust conveying pipe (2) is fixed at the hole, and the center line of the vertical pipe (21) coincides with the center line of the center hole of the top plate of the first layer of the square columnar four-layer structure; The drawer-type dust collection box (4) can be completely removed from the drawer slot of the third layer of the square columnar four-layer structure; The second and third layers of the square columnar four-layer structure are connected, and a support for the drawer-type dust collection box (4) is provided at the bottom of the third layer; The bottom plate of the drawer-type dust collecting box (4) is a grid structure (17) that supports the foldable dust collecting paper (19) built into the drawer-type dust collecting box (4); A removable grid-type pressing plate (18) is provided on the top of the drawer-type dust collecting box (4) for fixing and removing the foldable dust collecting paper (19) built into the drawer-type dust collecting box (4); The folded dust-absorbing paper (19) is a consumable material, and each sampling point needs to place a new piece of folded dust-absorbing paper (19) in the drawer-type dust collection box (4).

2. The portable surface dust separation and sampling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electric fan (5) is a three-speed variable speed dust suction DC battery powered electric fan, and the electric fan (5) is fixed on a fan fixing bracket (12) built into the fourth layer of the square columnar four-layer structure; The four corner spaces within the fourth layer of the square columnar four-layer structure and the electric blower (5) are provided as four battery slots (13), two of which are used to place working power batteries, and the other two are used to place backup batteries.

3. The portable surface dust separation and sampling device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The top of the square columnar four-layer structure is provided with an integrated handle and control panel; The handle is provided with electric fan control buttons, including: a wind speed gear adjustment button, a sampling working time selection button and a switch button of the electric fan (5); Ventilation holes (16) are provided at the top of the square columnar four-layer structure and at positions corresponding to the electric blower (5).

4. The portable surface dust separation and sampling device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The surface dust sampling box (1) is made of a transparent hard material; The square column four-layer structure is made of light structural materials; The foldable dust-absorbing paper (19) is made of a highly absorbent paper material, and each piece of the foldable dust-absorbing paper has the same width and specifications and consistent quality.

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